2.3.3 - Transfer of Thermal Energy (Radiation)
2.3.3 - Transfer of Thermal Energy (Radiation)
1 16 The
Which changes involve the substance taking in energy and which changes involve the substance
tubes inside solar heating panels use the Sun’s radiation to warm water.
giving out energy?
Why are the tubes painted black?
energy taken in energy given out
A Black surfaces absorb radiation well.
A 1 and 2 3 and 4
B Black surfaces conduct heat well.
B 1 and 3 2 and 4
C C Black surfaces
2 and 4 emit radiation
1 andwell.
3
D D Black surfaces
3 and 4 reflect radiation
1 and well.
2 7
A B C D
The liquid in the thermometer is replaced by the same volume of a different liquid that expands
more for the same temperature rise.
4 16 Two identical metal plates are painted, one matt (dull) white and the other matt black. These are
placed at equal distances from a radiant heateraluminium
as shown. pan
The heater is turned on for five
minutes.
hot plate
How is heat transferred through the aluminium pan and through the plastic handle?
6 17
15 The temperature
A slice shown
of bread is byunder
placed a mercury-in-glass thermometer
a red-hot electric increases.
grill to make toast.
Which of the following is constant? grill
A the density of the mercury slice of bread
B the internal energy of the mercury
C
Howthe mass
does of energy
heat the mercury
reach the bread?
D the volume of the mercury
A conduction and convection
B conduction only
convection
C 2013
© UCLES and radiation 5054/12/O/N/13 [Turn over
D radiation only
cooling
unit
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7 25 A metal box has four different surfaces; dull black, shiny black, dull silver and shiny silver.
The box is filled with boiling water so that each surface is at the same temperature.
sensor
dull meter
shiny silver
silver
Which surface emits the least radiation and8 which surface emits the most radiation?
Which change to the design decreases the thermal energy emitted by radiation?
19 A sound wave in a solid is represented by a series of lines. The diagram shows compressions C
and rarefactions R at one instant in time.
R C R C R C R
A All particles on one line move in the same direction at the same time.
B 2017
© UCLES The direction of travel of the sound wave5054/12/M/J/17
is parallel to the lines. [Turn over
C The distance between a compression and its adjacent rarefaction is a wavelength.
B mercury
C rubber
D water
9 25 The diagrams show four identical cans with their outside surfaces either polished silver or painted
dull black. Each can contains the same volume of water, initially at 80 °C.
After five minutes in a cool room, which can contains the coolest water?
6
A B C D
lid
5 (a) No thermal energy (heat) is transferred from the surface of the Sun to the Earth by For
either conduction or convection. Examiner’s
Use
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dull black polished silver dull black polished silver
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26 A communications system uses microwaves with a wavelength of 15 cm. The speed of light is
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(b) 3.0 108 m / s.
In a×certain country, the climate is very sunny and hot during the day and extremely cold
during the night.
What is the frequency of the microwaves?
Explain how painting the houses white helps to maintain a comfortable temperature
A
both2.0 × 107the
during Hz dayBand4.5 × 107the
during C 2.0 × 109 Hz
Hz night. 9
D 4.5 × 10 Hz
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[3]
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3 Fig. 3.1 shows a metal roof. One side is facing the Sun. For
Examiner’s
sunlight Use
metal roof
Fig. 3.1
(a) State the means by which thermal energy (heat) is transferred from the Sun to the Earth
and explain why other means of thermal energy transfer are not involved.
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(b) Describe how thermal energy is transferred through the metal roof from the heated
surface.
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(c) During the night, the metal roof loses 1.2 × 106 J of thermal energy and its temperature
falls by 20 °C.
The specific heat capacity of the metal in the roof is 400 J / (kg °C).