Tutorial Problem: Entropy: T T S MC TT
Tutorial Problem: Entropy: T T S MC TT
Tutorial Problem: Entropy: T T S MC TT
1. A spring loaded piston-cylinder setup contains 1.5kg of air at 270C and 160kPa. It is now heated in a
process where pressure is linear with volume, P=a+bV, to twice the initial volume where it reaches 900K.
Find the work, heat transfer, and total entropy generation assuming a source at 900K. [161.44kJ, 806.74kJ,
0.584kJ/K].
2. Air is compressed steadily by a 5kW compressor from 100kPa and 170C to 600kPa and 1670C at a rate of
1.6kg/min. During this process, some heat transfer takes place between the compressor and the surrounding
medium at 170C. Determine the rate of entropy change of air during this process. What is the amount of
entropy generation? [-0.00254kW/K, 8.39x10-4 kW/K]
3. Two vessels, A and B each of volume 3m3 may be connected by a tube of negligible volume. Vessel A
contains air at 0.7MPa, 950C, while vessel B contains air at 0.35MPa, 2050C. Find the change in entropy
when A is connected to B by working from the first principles and assuming the mixing to be complete and
adiabatic. [0.9477kJ/K]
4. A frictionless piston-cylinder is loaded with a linear spring having a spring constant 100 kN/m and the
piston cross-sectional area is 0.1 m2. The cylinder having an initial volume of 20 L contains air at 200 kPa
and ambient temperature, 300K. There exists a stop in the cylinder which prevents its volume from
exceeding 50 L. A valve connects the cylinder to an air supply line flowing air at 800 kPa, 325K. The valve
is now opened, allowing air to flow in until the cylinder pressure and temperature reaches 800 kPa and
350K respectively. The valve is then closed and the process ends. (a)At the final state does the piston reach
the stop? (b) Calculate the heat transfer during the process. (c) Calculate the entropy generation for this
process. [yes, -14.48kJ, 0.0633kJ/K]
5. Air is flowing steadily in an insulated duct. The pressure and temperature measurements of the air at two
stations A and B are given below. Establish the direction of the flow of air in the duct. Assume that for air,
sp. heat cp is constant at 1.005kJ/kgK, h=cpT and (v/T)=0.287/P, where p, v and T are pressure (in kPa),
volume (in m3/kg) and temperature (in K) respectively. Station A: p=130kPa, T=500C and Station B:
p=100kPa and T=130C. [from B to A]
6. A cylindrical rod of length L insulated on its lateral surface is initially in contact at one end with a wall
at temperature T1 and the other end with a wall at lower temperature T2. The temperature within the rod
initially varies linearly with position x. The rod is insulated on its ends and eventually comes to a final
equilibrium state. Evaluate the amount of entropy generated in terms of heat capacity, T1 and T2.
7. An isolated system of total mass m is formed by mixing two equal masses of the same liquid initially at
the temperatures T1 and T2. Eventually, the system attains an equilibrium state. Each mass is incompressible
with constant specific heat c. Show that the amount of entropy produced is, sgen = mc ln T1 + T2 & sgen >0.
2 T1T2
8. Air as an ideal gas flows through a steady state compressor and heat
exchanger shown in fig. A separate liquid water stream also flows through
the heat exchanger. Stray heat transfer to the surroundings can be
neglected, as can all kinetic and potential energy changes. Determine (a)
the compressor power, in kW, and the mass flow rate of the cooling water,
in kg/s. (b) the rates of entropy production, each in kW/K, for the
compressor and heat exchanger. [50.25kW, 0.4kg/s, 0.0195kW/K,
0.0155kW/K]