COUNSELING- it provides guidance and it is a METHODS OF COUNSELING- a learning

process that involves a trained counselor to help process that assists the client to move towards
an individual to find ways on understanding useful involvement and contribution to society.
their problem.
ASSESSMENT- entails the collection of
CLIENTELE- a class or group of people who information in order to identify, analyze,
are receiving services from a professional evaluate, and address the problems.
therapist.
THRAPY- a process of meeting with a therapist
CLIENT- a person receiving services from a to resolve problematic behaviors.
therapist or mental health doctors.
INTERVENTION- are actions performed to
COUNSELOR- a professional that helps people bring about change in people.
with mental, physical and emotional health
EVALUATION- a critical component of a
issues and help resolve their problems.
developmental guidance and counseling program
VOLUNTARY CLIENTS- those who opted to that ensures accountability.
voluntary seek assistance of the workers due to
NEEDS- a psychological deficiency that a
problems or difficulty which they think they
person feels the compulsion to satisfy.
cannot do it on their own.
INDIVIDUAL- which exists as a distinct entity,
INVOLUNTARY CLIENTS- an individual who
or a person separate from other people and
may not even consider asking for help because
possessing their own needs
they think that they are doing fine or they are
unaware of the agencies that can provide them GROUP- a number of people that are located,
help. gathered and classed together
REALITY- the realistic and objective perception COMMUNITY- a social unit with commonality
of existing condition or situation. such as norms, religion, values or identity.
NEUROTIC/NEUROTICISM-a long-term INDIVIDUALIZED COUNSELING- an
tendency to be in negative or anxious emotional individuals who needs to be helped to manage
state. well a life changing situation or personal
problem and other support needs.
PSYCHOTIC- a disorder for more severe mental
disorder that causes abnormal thinking COMMUNITY COUNSELING- when people
experience something collectively, which may
PERSONALITY DISORDER- It involves long
be socially troubling and constitute the danger of
term patterns of thought and behaviours that are
blocking their capability to move on.
unhealthy and inflexible.
GROUP COUNSELING- a type of counseling
COUNSELING PROCESS- it refers to the
extended to organizations, groups, in
events, characteristics or condition that occurs
communities, students and teachers in school,
during or as a result of the interaction between
the desire to reduce conflict and become more
counselor and client.
productive as a team.
PROCESS- refer to what the counselor does
WORKPLACE COUNSELING- a therapy
with the client as well as how change occur
offered to employees of a company, often
within a client.
through an employee assistance program that
provides employees a safe place to discuss
issues they are struggling with.
  The clientele and audience of counseling  ANTHROPOLOGIST
are normal people.  ECONOMIST
 They are not in need of clinical or  PSYCHOLOGIST
mental help.
3 CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
 Seeking to achieve a goal.
 They may be a youth in need of  SOCIAL WORKER
guidance at critical moments of their  JOURNALIST
growth.  GUIDANCE COUNSELOR
 A client is anyone in need of realizing a
change in behavior or attitude. COUNSELOR’S RIGHT&OBLIGATION

ROLES OF COUNSELOR: 1. Practice Confidentiality

2. Review Clients File
 JOB HUNTING- getting employed 3. Clarify his role to client
 CONFLICT MANAGEMENT 4. Testify in courts
PROVIDERS- provides the need for 5. Ask to be informed of procedures
principles and theory-based approaches 6. Think of client’s interest
 HUMAN RESOURCE PERSONNEL- 7. Be ethical
provides the needs for all workplace and 8. Make referrals
to deal with various employee needs that 9. Maintain good relations
covers social services, compensations, 10. Be familiar with guidelines
conflict resolution and discipline. 11. Know counselor’s training
 MARRIAGE COUNSELORS- provides 12. Receive professional fees
conflict resolution skills to paties, 13. Respect the person
couples and children 14. Explain the result of test
 DRUG ABUSE AND
CLIENT’S RIGHTS&OBLIGATION
REHABILITATION- negative effects of
drug abuse. 1. Pay for services
 BEREAVEMENT COUNSELORS- 2. Do homework and agreement
need to be helped to go through loss, 3. Actively participate during the session
such as death of the family. 4. Attend sessions regularly
 ABUSED CHILDREN- processing and 5. Receive safe treatment
restoration of abused children through 6. End therapy anytime
implementation of existing laws.
ETHICS- represents the moral code that guides a
SPECIAL COUNSELING person’s choices and behaviors.
POPULATION
ETHICAL- defined as moral or conforming to
 People who abuse drugs standards of conduct
 People who use tobacco
UNETHICAL- not conforming to a high moral
 People who abuse alcohol standard
 Older Adults
 People with AIDS UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR
 Victims of Abuse 1. Uses different methods without your
 Gay men and lesbian women consent
3 SOCIAL SCIENTIST 2. Acts unprofessionally
3. Do anything than practice therapy
 4. Lack of confidence ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELING
5. Shares confidential information
1. Autonomy of an individual- based on
ETHICAL BEHAVIOR the right to freedom of choice;
counseling cannot happen unless the
1. Competency
client has made a choice to participate
2. Privacy and confidentiality
2. Principle of Non-Maleficence- refers to
3. Professional Responsibility
instructions to all helpers or healers that
4. Relationship with other professionals
they must do no harm
5. Evaluation, assessment and
3. Principle of Justice- fair
interpretation.
ROLES/FUNCTION OF COUNSELORS
GOALS OF COUNSELING
1. Individual Assessment- seeks to identify
1. Development Goals- meeting or
the characteristics and potential of every
advancing the client’s human growth
client; assisting counselors to understand
and development
the client better
2. Preventive Goals- helps the client to
2. Individual Counseling- it is a client-
avoid undesired outcome
centered process that demands
3. Enhancement Goals- enhance special
confidentiality.
skills and abilities
3. Group Counseling and guidance- means
4. Remedial Goals- helps the client
of providing organized and planned
overcome and treat undesirable
assistance to individuals
development
4. Career Assistance- counselors are called
5. Exploratory Goals- examining options,
to provide career planning and
testing of skills, trying new and different
adjustment assistance to clients
activities
5. Placement and Follow-up- a service of
6. Reinforcement Goals- helps client on
school counseling programs with
recognizing, that what they are feeling,
emphasis on educational placements in
doing and thinking is fine.
course and programs
7. Cognitive Goals- involves acquiring
6. Referral- a practice of helping a client
basic foundation of learning and
find needed expert assistance that the
cognitive skills
referring counselor cannot provide
8. Physiological Goals- involves acquiring
7. Consultation- a process of helping a
the basic understanding and habits for
client through a third party or helping
good health.
system improve its service to its client
9. Psychological Goals- aids in developing
8. Research-it is necessary to advance the
good social interaction skills, learning
profession of counseling; it can provide
emotional control and developing
empirically based data
positive self concept.
9. Evaluation and Accountability-
SCOPE OF COUNSELING evaluation is a means of assessing the
effectiveness of counselor’s activities.
1. Individual Accountability is an outgrowth of
2. Marriage demand that schoold be held
3. Family accountable for their actions
CORE VALUES- a key component of an 10. Prevention- includes promotion of
organization mental health through primary
 prevention using social-psychological
perspective.
COMPETENCIES OF COUNSELORS
1. Interpersonal Skills
2. Personal Beliefs and Attitude
3. Conceptual Ability
4. Personal Soundness
5. Mastery of Techniques
6. Ability to understand and work within
social system
7. Openness to learning and inquiry.
 SOCIAL WORK - These are for children exhibiting anti-social
behaviors that require intensive treatment
Definition of Social Work:
Morales and Sheafor (1983) identified four
areas of consideration:
• improve the quality of life
• enhance social functioning.
• helps people interact more effectively
with their social environment
• helping to achieve their goals of
improved social functioning
GOALS OF SOCIAL WORK
1. The goal in Caring- caring refers to the
heart of social work and focuese on the
well-being or welfare and comfort of the
individual and community.
2. The Goal in Curing- curing refers to
the aspect of treating people with
problems in social functioning
3. The Goal in Changing- changing refers
to the active participation of the social
workers in social reforms
SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
According to Morales and Sheafor (1983)
Fields included in Social Work
1. Social Work as Primary Discipline
a. Adoption and services to unmarried
parents
- Difficult decision to keep the baby or place it
for adoption
- Applies both individual and group
counseling to assist women in making
decisions
b. Foster Care
- Removing children from homes and placing
them to foster homes temporarily
- Works with the parents, child and court to
administer court decisions to remove a child
due to detrimental situations
c. Residential Care
- Group care home or a residential treatment
center