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Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have become an essential part of modern life, providing access

to the internet for individuals and businesses alike. In recent years, the quality of internet service
provided by ISPs has become an important factor in customer satisfaction. This literature review
aims to investigate the factors that affect consumer satisfaction with their ISP and the various
methods used to measure it.

Factors affecting consumer satisfaction Several factors can impact consumer satisfaction with
their ISP, including speed, reliability, price, customer service, and billing accuracy. Speed is a
crucial factor as it determines how quickly customers can access and use the internet. Research
has shown that higher speeds lead to higher satisfaction levels among customers (Chiou et al.,
2018). Reliability is another significant factor, with customers expecting their internet service to
be available and consistent. Any downtime or disruption can lead to customer frustration and
dissatisfaction (Wang et al., 2019).

Price is also an important factor, with customers expecting to pay a reasonable price for the
service they receive. However, some customers may be willing to pay more for higher speeds
and better reliability (Jiang & Zhang, 2020). Customer service and billing accuracy are also
crucial factors that can affect customer satisfaction. Poor customer service, such as long wait
times or unhelpful representatives, can lead to frustration and dissatisfaction (Lee et al., 2020).
Billing accuracy is important as customers expect to be charged the correct amount for their
service, and any discrepancies can lead to mistrust and dissatisfaction (Wang et al., 2019).

Methods of measuring consumer satisfaction Several methods are used to measure consumer
satisfaction with their ISP, including surveys, online reviews, and customer complaints. Surveys
are a popular method, with researchers using standardized questionnaires to gather data on
customer satisfaction levels (Chiou et al., 2018). Online reviews, such as those on Yelp or
Google, provide an additional source of information on customer satisfaction levels. However,
these reviews may not always be reliable, as some may be fake or biased (Jiang & Zhang, 2020).
Customer complaints can also provide insights into customer satisfaction levels, as they can
highlight areas where customers are experiencing issues and provide feedback on the quality of
customer service (Lee et al., 2020).

Research has shown that faster internet speeds lead to higher levels of consumer satisfaction
(Chiou et al., 2018). Reliability is also a critical factor, with customers expecting their internet
service to be available and consistent. Any downtime or disruption can lead to frustration and
dissatisfaction (Wang et al., 2019). Price is another important factor, with customers expecting to
pay a reasonable price for their internet service.

Customer service is crucial for customer satisfaction, and poor customer service can lead to
frustration and dissatisfaction. Long wait times, unhelpful representatives, and difficulty
resolving issues can all contribute to a negative experience for the customer (Lee et al., 2020).
Billing accuracy is also important, with customers expecting to be charged the correct amount
for their service. Any discrepancies can lead to mistrust and dissatisfaction (Wang et al., 2019).

Nagarkoti (2009) conceptualized the factors influencing consumer behavior of internet users to
find out whether the ISPs is really essential to make the daily life or not. Indeed ISPs have made
people smarter by organizing their lives with a single device and providing access to the world
wide information at the fingerprints. It does not only organize daily life by putting calendars, to
do list and shopping list at one place but also helps people connected from all over the world by
integrating contacts,emails,social networking, messaging and even video chats. We can use the
internet for education purpose, job related, tasks, information search for entertainment purposes.
That is the main reason that many people uses internet nowadays. Analyzing measures of
customers' satisfaction is an immense dilemma because customer is becoming more demanding
regarding service quality in internet sector of Nepal. It is important to understand the impact of
service quality on customer satisfaction. Nowadays, the only demand of the customers is to get
the good value for their money. Due to increasing market competitiveness no one can deny the
significance of service quality. Therefore, it is challenging for the bankers to meet the customer
expectation. By reviewing the study, internet sector can have direction to understand the major
factors of service quality that influence customers' satisfaction. It also provides understanding
that building long term and a strong customer relation is critical for the ISPs sectors. This study
provides insight of service quality impact on customer satisfaction in ISPs in Nepal. This is
based on the core dimensions of service quality i.e. tangibility, responsiveness, assurance,
empathy and reliability. To highlight the significance of service quality, customer satisfaction
this study based on Kathmandu. The results of the study suggest customer satisfaction based on
service quality dimensions such as tangibility, empathy and assurance having positive and
significant relationship. But reliability and responsiveness was not useful estimator for customer
satisfaction whereas assurance, responsiveness, tangibility and empathy depict significant impact
and positive relationship with customer loyalty. However reliability once again not found as
useful estimator of customer loyalty.

Related to ethics are power issues in Internet research, which need important consideration.
Several discussions have taken place concerning power issues in Internet research. Mann and
Stewart (2000) discuss the loss of social cues online, which may inform power relations in face
to face situations, and Dubrovsky et al (1991) further cite 7 evidence that discussion groups
online tend to be less dominated by those with high status. The nature of online discussion
groups means that they can consist of a wide range of people offering several discourses
surrounding a topic. Discourses that can be accessed range from ‘expert’/professional
knowledge, to experiences of family members and those directly affected. Online discussion
groups may therefore provide an alternative pool of language resources from which to draw
identities. Bowker (1999) suggests that these ‘linguistic opportunities’ offered within online
environments enable people with disabilities to ‘reconstruct more empowering identities’, as
more discursive themes surrounding the self are made available

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