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    Static Members of A C++ Class

    Uploaded by

    Abhilash K

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Static Members of A C++ Class

    Uploaded by

    Abhilash K
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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views3 pages

    Static Members of A C++ Class

    Uploaded by

    Abhilash K

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    STATIC MEMBERS OF A C++ CLASS

    http://www.tutorialspoint.com/cplusplus/cpp_static_members.htm Copyright © tutorialspoint.com

    We can define class members static using static keyword. When we declare a member of a class
    as static it means no matter how many objects of the class are created, there is only one copy of
    the static member.

    A static member is shared by all objects of the class. All static data is initialized to zero when the
    first object is created, if no other initialization is present. We can't put it in the class definition but it
    can be initialized outside the class as done in the following example by redeclaring the static
    variable, using the scope resolution operator :: to identify which class it belongs to.

    Let us try the following example to understand the concept of static data members:

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    class Box
    {
    public:
    static int objectCount;
    // Constructor definition
    Box(double l=2.0, double b=2.0, double h=2.0)
    {
    cout <<"Constructor called." << endl;
    length = l;
    breadth = b;
    height = h;
    // Increase every time object is created
    objectCount++;
    }
    double Volume()
    {
    return length * breadth * height;
    }
    private:
    double length; // Length of a box
    double breadth; // Breadth of a box
    double height; // Height of a box
    };

    // Initialize static member of class Box


    int Box::objectCount = 0;

    int main(void)
    {
    Box Box1(3.3, 1.2, 1.5); // Declare box1
    Box Box2(8.5, 6.0, 2.0); // Declare box2

    // Print total number of objects.


    cout << "Total objects: " << Box::objectCount << endl;

    return 0;
    }

    When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:

    Constructor called.
    Constructor called.
    Total objects: 2

    Static Function Members:


    By declaring a function member as static, you make it independent of any particular object of the
    class. A static member function can be called even if no objects of the class exist and the static
    functions are accessed using only the class name and the scope resolution operator ::.

    A static member function can only access static data member, other static member functions and
    any other functions from outside the class.

    Static member functions have a class scope and they do not have access to the this pointer of the
    class. You could use a static member function to determine whether some objects of the class
    have been created or not.

    Let us try the following example to understand the concept of static function members:

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    class Box
    {
    public:
    static int objectCount;
    // Constructor definition
    Box(double l=2.0, double b=2.0, double h=2.0)
    {
    cout <<"Constructor called." << endl;
    length = l;
    breadth = b;
    height = h;
    // Increase every time object is created
    objectCount++;
    }
    double Volume()
    {
    return length * breadth * height;
    }
    static int getCount()
    {
    return objectCount;
    }
    private:
    double length; // Length of a box
    double breadth; // Breadth of a box
    double height; // Height of a box
    };

    // Initialize static member of class Box


    int Box::objectCount = 0;

    int main(void)
    {

    // Print total number of objects before creating object.


    cout << "Inital Stage Count: " << Box::getCount() << endl;

    Box Box1(3.3, 1.2, 1.5); // Declare box1


    Box Box2(8.5, 6.0, 2.0); // Declare box2

    // Print total number of objects after creating object.


    cout << "Final Stage Count: " << Box::getCount() << endl;

    return 0;
    }

    When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:

    Inital Stage Count: 0


    Constructor called.
    Constructor called.
    Final Stage Count: 2

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