NDMA Measures Now and Then

NDMA measures Now and Then
NDMA stands for National Disaster Management Authority. It is the lead agency at Federal level for
dealing with the entire spectrum of disasters and their management.
1. NDMA measures in 2010

NDMA measures to deal with flood in 2010 was:
 Early warning systems
 Provision of relief stores
 Health prioritization
 Donor outreach and awareness
 Strategic response formulation
 Initiation to phased response sequence
 Manage evacuation
 Organise search and rescue with community participation
 Provide first aid and arrange subsequent medical assistance
 Conduct damage needs capacity assessment and report damages and needs to government
and disaster management agencies
 Coordinate, plan, and implement relief delivery operation with aid agencies in an
equitable manner
2. NDMA measures now
Now NDMA has following measures to deal with flood:
 Creation of coordination mechanism
 Creation of logistic and distribution mechanism
 Emergency relief cells
 Advocacy for local procurement
 Develop guidelines and standards for national and provincial stakeholders regarding their
role in disaster risk management
 Ensure establishment of DM Authorities and Emergency Operations Centres at
provincial, district, and municipal levels in hazard-prone areas
 Provide technical assistance to federal ministries, departments and provincial DM
authorities for disaster risk management initiatives
 Organize training and awareness raising activities for capacity development of
stakeholders, particularly in hazard-prone areas
 Collect, analyze, process, and disseminate inter-sectoral information required in an all
hazards management approach
Now NDMA has more advance systems , so it can deal with flood more effectively
Roles of Civil Engineers for Flood Mitigation

Civil engineers provide humanitarian and commercial flood disaster relief by:
 Building new shelters or rebuilding damaged shelters to house people displaced by

disasters
 Developing and streamlining logistical strategies for reducing food and water shortages
to hard-hit communities
 Dealing with lack of or insufficient communication systems impaired by natural disasters
 Preventing the spread of infectious diseases by ensuring sanitation systems such as
sewage and water plants remain operational and accessible by disaster victims
 Facilitating evacuation routes via rebuilt transportation equipment to escort individuals to
safer, cleaner locations
 Initiating rebuilding of failed dams and levies by utilizing knowledge gained by the
failure for preventing similar, future disasters
 Development of technologies for enhancement of infrastructures
 Technologies for the improvement of soft soil, high-performance structures, and warning
and rescue systems
 Involvement in the rescue operation, and restoration and reconstruction works after
natural disasters.
 Protect coastal regions and communities prone to flooding safe from damage.
Stages for Flood Management
The government organizations, which play major role in the flood management, are the
Provincial Irrigation Departments (PIDs), GB-PWD, Irrigation Directorate FATA, Irrigation &
Small Dams Organization, Government of AJ&K, PMD/Flood Forecasting Division, WAPDA,
CIW, Federal Flood Commission, Pak Army, NHA.
Some of the major steps of flood disaster management are :
 Flood Forecasting
 Reduction of Runoff
 Reducing Flood Peaks by Volume Reduction (Constructing Dams and Detention
Basins) Reducing Flood Levels
 Protection against Inundation (Construction of Embankments)
 Flood Plain Zoning (FPZ)
(1) Flood Forecasting:

Flood forecasting involves giving prior information regarding the occurrence of floods. This is
essential and is extremely useful for taking timely action to prevent loss of human lives,
livestock and movable property.
2. Reduction of Runoff:
Reduction of runoff is one of the very effective methods of flood disaster management. Runoff
can be reduced by inducing and increasing infiltration of the surface water into the ground in the
catchment area. This can be done by large scale afforestation particularly in the catchment area.
3. Reducing Flood Peaks by Volume Reduction (Constructing Dams and Detention Basins):
The flood peaks can be reduced by construction of dams and detention basins. Dams have the
capacity of holding huge quantity of water during the flood period and help in reducing flood
peak volume of water.
4. Reducing Flood Levels:

A close network of canals reduces flood hazard to a great extent because flood water flowing in
the river can be diverted to canals.
5. Protection against Inundation (Construction of Embankments):

Building of embankments was considered to be the only way of controlling floods in 1940s. It is
still considered to be one of the very effective devices against inundation of the inhabited areas
and agricultural land. Construction of embankments has been taken up at a large scale
6. Flood Plain Zoning (FPZ):
Flood plain zoning is another very effective method of flood management. It is based on
information regarding flood plains, particularly the identification of floodways in relation to land
use. Detailed maps of flood prone areas are prepared after a thorough study of flood cycles.
Conclusions
 To minimize the impacts of floods there is a need for the government to formulate and
implement flood disaster risk strategic plans.
 The plan should identify projects and activities necessary in the management of floods, it
should also coordinate stakeholder activities.
 Mapping flood-prone areas and the use of satellite data in flood management is vital.
 To minimize the impacts of floods it is also important to invest in flood early warning
systems.
 Families living in flood-prone areas are at risk of losing their livelihood, property, and
life.
 Poor families in these regions are some of the most vulnerable and require support when
a flood disaster strikes.
 To cushion victims’ governments should design and implement disaster risk financing
strategies for flood risk
References:
1. F9ouj1geVV4LUoiiVLm3.pdf (ndma.gov.pk)
2. How Civil Engineers Help During Disaster Recovery - Keck & Wood Civil Engineers,
Duluth, Fayetteville GA, Rock Hill, North Charleston SC (keckwood.com)
3. What role do engineers play in flood management? - Create (createdigital.org.au)
4. Pakistan, Government of (2012) Federal Floods Report (FFC). National Bureau of

Economic Research.
5. FAO and the Pakistan floods 2010 : FAO in Emergencies
6. Heavy Rains and Dry Lands Don’t Mix: Reflections on the 2010 Pakistan Flood
(nasa.gov)
7. Humanitarian Aid: remembering the 2010 floods in Pakistan, helping recovery - Pakistan
| ReliefWeb
8. Flood and Drought Policy (unesco.org)
9. Integrated Flood Management (IFM): Policy and Planning Aspects: E-Learning Platform
for IFM (tu-harburg.de)
10. https://cms.ndma.gov.pk/storage/app/public/publications/October2020/
F9ouj1geVV4LUoiiVLm3.pdf
11. How Civil Engineering Combats Flooding Around The World - ACI Corporation
English
12. Pakistan Floods Emergency Response Plan, Revision, September 2010 - Pakistan |
ReliefWeb

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NDMA measures Now and Then

1. NDMA measures in 2010

Roles of Civil Engineers for Flood Mitigation

 Building new shelters or rebuilding damaged shelters to house people displaced by

Stages for Flood Management

(1) Flood Forecasting:

4. Reducing Flood Levels:

5. Protection against Inundation (Construction of Embankments):

3. What role do engineers play in flood management? - Create (createdigital.org.au)

4. Pakistan, Government of (2012) Federal Floods Report (FFC). National Bureau of

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