Report Data GrassCutter
Report Data GrassCutter
Report Data GrassCutter
Grass cutter machines have become very popular today. Most common
machines are used for soft grass furnishing. The main parts of the Grass cutting
machines are DC motor, relay switch for controlling motor, Battery for charging it
through solar panel. It is placed in a suitable machine structure. The motors having
350rpm and 35rpm are connected to the electric supply by the use of a roll of wire.
The linear blades are attached in this machine. Working principle of the grass
cutter is providing a high speed rotation to the blade, which helps to cut the grass.
The blade will get kinetic energy while increasing the rpm. The cutting edges are
very smooth and accurate. Also electric grass cutting machines are much easier to
be used in garden, lawn and grass fields. In order to enhance the beauty of home-
lawns and gardens, Grass cutting machines are the best available option in the
industry. With the help of a lawn mower which is a machine with revolving blades
to help us cutting lawns at even length, people can easily maintain and beautify
their lawns and gardens without any hassle.
Now a day, there are plenty of options starting from the simplest push along
mower to the most advanced electric grass cutting machine. According to world
energy report, we get around 80% of our energy from conventional fossil fuels like
oil (36%), natural gas (21%) and coal (23%). It is well known that the time is not
so far when all these sources will be completely exhausted. So, alternative sources
should be used to avoid energy crisis in the nearby future. So introduce solar
energy for the machine process to work. A solar panel is a large flat rectangle. The
cells, each of which is about the size of an adults palm, are usually octagonal and
colored bluish black. Just like the cells in a battery, the cells in a solar panel are
designed to generate electricity; but where a battery cells make electricity from
chemicals, a solar panel cells generate power by capturing sunlight instead. Solar
grass cutter have no moving parts and hence require little maintenance and work
quite satisfactorily without any focusing device. It does not cause any
environmental pollution like the fossil fuels and nuclear power. Solar cells last a
longer time and have low running costs.
Problem Identification
The past technology of grass cutting is manually operated by the use of hand
devices like scissor, these results into more human effort and more time required
accomplishing the work. Also in old methods lack of uniformity of the
remaining grass. Also due to the use of engine powered machines increases the air
and noise pollution also this grass cutter require maintenance.
Purpose
The objective of our project is to design and automatic lawn mower which
operates on solar energy and avoids the drawback of old lawn mowers. The
purpose is to avoid energy crisis in India and reduces the human efforts, operating
cost and maintenance cost. Also solar based grass cutter keeps the environment
clean and healthy. It is used for cutting different types of grasses for various
applications. The whole machine operates on the solar energy stored in battery.
The IR sensor is used for the obstacle detection to avoid any damage of the human,
object and animal. Also we are using relay to control the motor connected to blades
as a switch. The prototype is charged from sun by using solar panel.
Main component
1. Battery
2. DC motor
3. Microcontroller Atmega328
4. Blade
Block Diagram
Micro-
controller
Bluetooth Robot Motor
Module
Circuit Diagram
Working
The designed solar powered lawn mower comprises of direct current (D.C)
motor, are battery, solar panel and control Mechanism. Mowing is achieved by the
D.C motor which provides the required torque needed to drive the stainless steel
blade which is directly coupled to the shaft of the D.C motor. The solar powered
lawnmower is operated by the switch on the board which closes the circuit and
allows the flow of current to the motor which in turn drive the blade used for
mowing. The battery recharges through the solar charging controller. Performance
evaluation of the developed machine was carried out with different types of
grasses.
ATmega328
Introduction
Features
– 512Bytes EEPROM
– 1KByte Internal SRAM
VCC
GND
Ground
PC6/RESET
If the RSTDISBL Fuse is programmed, PC6 is used as an I/O pin. Note that
the electrical characteristics of PC6 differ from those of the other pins of Port C. If
the RSTDISBL Fuse is un-programmed, PC6 is used as a Reset input. A low level
on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse length will generate a Reset, even if
the clock is not running. The minimum pulse length is given in Table 30-5. Shorter
pulses are not guaranteed to generate a Reset. The various special features of Port
C are elaborated in Alternate Functions of Port C.
Port D (PD7:PD0)
RESET
Reset input. A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse
length will generate a reset, even if the clock is not running. The minimum pulse
length is given in Table 30-5. Shorter pulses are not guaranteed to generate a reset.
AVCC
AVCC is the supply voltage pin for the A/D Converter, Port C (3:0), and
ADC (7:6). It should be externally connected to VCC, even if the ADC is not used.
If the ADC is used, it should be connected to VCC through a low-pass filter. Note
that Port C (5:4) use digital supply voltage, VCC.
AREF
In the TQFP and QFN/MLF package, ADC7:6 serve as analog inputs to the
A/D converter. These pins are powered from the analog supply and serve as 10-bit
ADC channels.
Arduino IDE
Connect your Arduino to the computer with the USB cable. You
do not need the battery for now. The green PWR LED will light. If there
was already a program burned into the Arduino, it will run.
In the editing window that comes up, enter the following program,
paying attention to where semi-colons appear at the end of command
lines.
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Hello World");
}
void loop()
{}
Your window will look something like this
Click the Upload button or Ctrl-U to compile the program and load
on the Arduino board.
Click the Serial Monitor button . If all has gone well, the monitor
window will show your message and look something like this
Congratulations; you have created and run your first Arduino program!
Push the Arduino reset button a few times and see what happens
Hint: If you want to see how much memory your program takes up,
Verify then look at the message at the bottom of the programming
window.
HC05
Overview
Specifications
Hardware features
Software features
Slave default Baud rate: 9600, Data bits:8, Stop bit:1,Parity:No parity.
PIO9 and PIO8 can be connected to red and blue led separately. When
master and slave are paired, red and blue led blinks 1time/2s in interval,
while disconnected only blue led blinks 2times/s.
Auto‐connect to the last device on power as default.
Permit pairing device to connect as default.
Auto‐pairing PINCODE:”1234” as default.
Auto‐reconnect in 30 min when disconnected as a result of beyond the range
of connection.
IC L293D:
The L293D motor driver is available for providing User with ease and user
friendly interfacing for embedded application. L293D motor driver is mounted on
a good quality, single sided PCB. The pins of L293D motor driver IC are
connected to connectors for easy access to the driver IC’s pin functions.
Technical Specification:
Features:
1. resolution of this module 3mm
2. ranging distance is 2cm to 400cm
3. angle measurement is 30 degrees
4. trigger input pulse width is 10us
5. required current 15mA
6. Frequency 40 KHz
Pin Configuration:
Pin Diagram
Description:
Pin Configuration: