VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY,

BELAGAVI

Internship Report on

“INDUSTRIAL AWARENESS TRIANING ON CONSTRUCTION,

TESTING AND SAFETY”

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor’s degree in

Electrical & Electronics Engineering
During the Year 2022-23

Internship Report Submitted By

A SAI DIVYA 3PG19EE001

COORDINATOR HOD GUIDE

Ms. Firdosh P Mr. Prakasha S Ms. Firdosh P
Asst. Professor Asst. Professor Asst. Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

PROUDHADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
(AFFILIATED TO VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELGAUM & APPROVED BY AICTE, NEW DELHI.)

T.B. DAM, HOSAPETE-583201

 V.V. SANGHA’S

PROUDHADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,

(AFFILIATED TO VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELGAUM & APPROVED BY AICTE, NEW
DELHI.)
T.B. DAM, HOSAPETE.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Internship report entitled “INDUSTRIAL AWARENESS

TRAINING ON CONSTRUCTION, TESTING AND SAFTEY” is a bonafide work
of A SAI DIVYA (USN: 3PG19EE001). The report satisfies the academic
requirements in respect of technical internship work prescribed for VIII semester for
the award of Bachelor's Degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering during
the year 2022-2023.

................................................ ........................................... ......................................

Signature of the Coordinator Signature of the HOD Signature of the Guide
Prof. Firdosh M.Tech Prof. Prakash.S M.Tech (Ph.D) Prof. Firdosh P M.Tech

External Viva

Name of the Examiner Signature with date

1. .............................................. .........................................

2................................................ ......................................
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am grateful to Shri Palleda Doddappa chairman, PDIT, Hosapete, for having provided me
excellent academic environment which has nurtured my practical skills and for kindly obliging
the requests and providing timely assistance.

I am grateful to Dr. Rohitha.U.M, Principal, PDIT, Hosapete, for having provided me excellent
academic environment which has nurtured my practical skills and for kindly obliging the
requests and providing timely assistance.

I express deep sense of gratitude to Prof. Prakash. S, HOD, Department of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering, PDIT, Hosapete, for their valuable guidance and suggestions in carrying
out this work successfully.

I express deep sense of gratitude to my technical internship Coordinator and guide Mrs. Firdosh
P Assistance Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, PDIT, Hosapete,
for their valuable guidance and suggestion imparted at various stages in carrying out this work
successfully.

I am grateful to my external Guide Mr. Vinod.N training in-charge, (EEE) SHANTHALA

INDUSTRIAL Hubli, for giving an opportunity to carry out the Industrial training in his
esteemed organization.

I express my sincere thanks to all the faculty and staff members of Department of Electrical and
Electronics, PDIT, Parents, Friends, for their kind and constant support throughout this work.

A SAI DIVYA
3PG19EE001

Page | i
 DECLARATION

I am A SAI DIVYA, student of VIII semester B.E studying in the Department of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering. Proudhadevaraya Institute of Technology, Hosapete. Hereby declare
that the Internship entitled “INDUSTRIAL AWARENESS TRAINING ON
CONSTRUCTION, TRAINING AND SAFETY” has been carried out under the supervision of
MR. VINOD.N, (EEE) SHANTHALA INDUSTRIAL, Hubli, and submitted in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the award of degree in Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical and
Electronics Engineering of Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during academic
year 2022- 2023.

PLACE: HOSAPETE A SAI DIVYA

DATE: 3PG19EE001

Page | ii
 ABSTRACT
Shanthala group provides services of testing, calibration, consultancy, inspection and
training in all fields of engineering. Providing reliable & accurate Testing, Calibration, Inspection,
and Research & Consultancy as per the Standards & Customer requirements. Providing quick
services to become customer focused organization, by delivering value added, innovative &
technology cutting edge services-Anything, Anywhere, anytime. We are engaged in rendering a
supreme quality range of Testing and Calibration Services to our client. With our rich expertise and
experience.

Task performed as a trainee and learned regarding testing, calibration and standards, roles and
responsibility of testing and calibration engineer, construction, parts and industrial applications of
transformer, instrument transformer (CT/PT), motor, isolator, surge arrestor and power cable,
importance of insulation and winding resistance on power equipment’s, transformer oil function,
sampling and breakdown test as per IS: 1866, thermography and power analyser and its industrial
applications, concept of lead generation, tenders, billing, 5’S, 7QC tools and quality circle.
Industrial safety, LOTO. PPE’s and its importance.
 CONTENTS
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………………i
Declaration………………………………………………………………………………………ii
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………….iii
CHAPTER 1
1.1 Company profile.…………………………………………………………………………….1
1.2 missions of the company…………………………………………………………………….2
CHAPTER 2
2.1 About company………………………………………………………………………………3
CHAPTER 3
3.1 practical trainings on....………………………………………………………………………5
3.2 testing, calibration and standards…………………………………………………………….5
3.2.1 Testing………………………………………………………………………………….5
3.2.2 calibration………………………………………………………………………………9
3.2.3 standards……………………………………………………………………………….10
3.3 Construction of transformer………………………………………………………………….11
3.4 Instrument transformer (CT/PT) …………………………………………………………….13
3.5 Motor…………………………………………………………………………………………14
3.6 Surge arrester…………………………………………………………………………………15
3.7 Isolators………………………………………………………………………………………15
3.8 Power cable…………………………………………………………………………………..16
3.9 Power analyzer……………………………………………………………………………….17
3.10 Tender……………………………………………………………………………………….18
3.11 billing………………………………………………………………………………………..18
3.12 5S sigma……………………………………………………………………………………..19
3.13 Quality circle………………………………………………………………………………...20
3.14 Industrial safety……………………………………………………………………………...21
3.15 LOTO………………………………………………………………………………………..21
3.16 Personal protective equipment (PPE) ………………………………………………………22
CHAPTER 4
4.1 conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………….24
CHAPTER 1
COMPANY PROFILE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Shanthala was founded by a young entrepreneur Mr. Kadappa Mysore on 18 th Feb 1999 at
Hubballi (Karnataka, India) & now expanded as a well-known organization throughout India and
abroad having 6000 customers. It believes in “WORKING TOGETHER PRINCIPLE ALONG
WITH PROFESSIONAL CULTURE”.

Fig 1.1 Shanthala Power limited. Hubballi.

Mr. Kadappa Mysore has the vision to build a leading laboratory at the global market and his
mission is to establish all types of tests under one roof. Shanthala Power Limited certified by ISO
9001:2015 & accredited by NABL - (National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration
Laboratories), Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. In addition, The Chief Electrical
Inspectorate, Govt. of Karnataka approved.

Shanthala group provides services of testing, calibration, consultancy, inspection and training in all
fields of engineering.
 Fig.1.2 Various departments of Shanthala industry

1.2 MISSIONS OF THE COMPANY

Providing reliable & accurate Testing, Calibration, Inspection, and Research & Consultancy
as per the Standards & Customer requirements. Providing quick services to become customer
focused organization, by delivering value added, innovative & technology cutting edge services-
Anything, Anywhere, anytime. We are engaged in rendering a supreme quality range of Testing and
Calibration Services to our client. With our rich expertise and experience.
CHAPTER 2

2.1 ABOUT COMPANY

Departments

a) Administration & HR
b) Marketing
c) Finance & Commercial
d) Training
e) Testing & Calibration (In-house & Field)
f) Projects
g) Report & Analysis

Fig.2.1 Shanthala industrial workshop/seminar

 Fig.2.2 Shanthala industrial corporate training

Fig.2.3 Shanthala industrial workshop and training

CHAPTER 3

TASK PERFORMED
Task performed as a trainee and learned regarding testing, calibration and standards, roles and
responsibility of testing and calibration engineer, construction, parts and industrial applications of
transformer, instrument transformer (CT/PT), motor, isolator, surge arrestor and power cable,
importance of insulation and winding resistance on power equipments, transformer oil function,
sampling and breakdown test as per IS: 1866, thermography and power analyzer and its industrial
applications, concept of lead generation, tenders, billing, 5’S, 7QC tools and quality circle.
Industrial safety, LOTO. PPE’s and its importance.

3.1 PRACTICAL TRAININGS ON

 Thermography, BDV test, IR, WR test and power quality analyser.
 Calibration of multimeter, insulation tester using HV probe and resistance decade box.

3.2 TESTING, CABLIBRATION AND STANDRADS

3.2.1 TESTING: checking the property of material or element is known as testing.
Some of the tests are:
 winding resistance test
 Insulation resistance test
 BBV test
 Thermography test

Fig.3.1 Winding resistance test fig.3.2 Insulation resistance test.

 Fig.3.3 Breakdown voltage test. Fig.3.4 Thermography test.

WINDING RESISTANCE TEST:

 It is with respect test i.e., phase to phase, phase to ground.

 To check the healthiness of insulation, by giving input DC voltage.

 It is also known as DC voltage test.

Fig.3.5 Winding resistance on transformer.

INSULATION RESISTANCE TEST:

 It is END-END test.

 To check the healthiness of conductor, by giving input of DC input.

 Whenever, temperature increase, current decrease, resistance decrease.

Fig.3.6 insulation resistance test.

BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE TEST:

 BDV test is an important and popular test of transformer oil, it is the primary indicator of the
health of the oil and it can easily carried out the site.

 For measuring the BDV of transformer oil, portable BDV measuring kit is generally
available at site.

 This kit is generally consisting of a one set of electrode.

Fig.3.7 breakdown voltage test.

THERMOGRAPHY:

 It is a non - destructive test method.

 That may be used to: detect poor connections.

 Unbalanced loads.

 Deteriorated insulation.

 Other potential problems in energized electrical components.

 Principle of thermography is “infrared thermography”.

Fig.3.8 thermography on panel

Fig.3.9 thermography on joint cable.

3.2.2 CALIBRATION:

Calibration of an instrument involves comparing the measurement of to instrument, one which has a
known magnitude (also known as standard) against the instrument whos unit measure is under the
test. The calibration standard must be more accurate than the instrument under the test.

Calibration establishes a relation between

 The quality valves with measurement uncertainties provided by the measurement standards

 Responding indications with associated measurement uncertainties of the calibrated

instrument or secondary standards. You can use this information to establish a relation for
obtaining a measurement result from an indication. Importance of regular calibration of an
instrument is necessary as the accuracy of their measurements start to drop over time.

Fig.3.10 calibration on IR. Fig.3.11 calibration on DUT.

 The Calibration of IR is to find accuracy or to know the error.

 Here, to compare IR with standard reference used for resistance decade and high voltage
probe.

 Reference resistance decade is compared to know the accuracy of resistance of IR.

 Reference HV probe is compared to know the accuracy of voltage of IR.

3.2.3 STANDARDS

Something established by authority, custom, or general consent as a model, example, or point of

reference. Standard of the reasonable person. Something established by authority as a rule for
the measure of quantity, weight, extent, value, or quality.

BIS (BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS)

and published by the bureau, in relation to any goods, article, process, system or service,
indicative of the quality and specification of such goods, article, process, system or service.

Examples of IS

 The Bill of quantities (BOQ) unless or otherwise stated shall be deemed to have been
prepared in accordance with the Indian standard method of measurements and quantities.

 The time followed in this portal is as per Indian standard time (IST). Which is
GMT+5:30.

 In case the method of measurements is not specified in the specifications, the procedure
of bureau of Indian standard shall prevail.

 The materials, designed and workmanship shall satisfy the relevant bureau of Indian
standard, the job specifications contained herein and codes referred to.

Fig.3.21 standard symbol.

3.3 CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSFORMER

A transformer is a static device which transfer the electrical energy from one circuit to another
through the process of electro magnetic induction. It is most commonly used to increase or
decrease voltage level between circuit

Fig.3.12 parts of transformer.

PARTS OF TRANSFORMER:

 Core of transformer

 Windings

 Transformer tank- conservator tank

 Buchholz relay-Temperature gauge-oil level gauge

 Terminals-bushing-tap changer

 Transformer oil-breather-Radiator-cooling fan

 Explosion vent-oil drain value-gas sampling value

Fig.3.13 core of transformer Fig.3.14 winding

Fig.3.15 transformer tank Fig.3.16 conservator tank

Fig.3.17 breather. Fig.3.18 Buchholz relay.

Fig.3.19 bushing Fig.3.20 radiators.

 3.4 INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER (CT/PT).

You can transform the voltage or current down with a transformer whose turns ratio is accurately
known, then measuring the stepped down magnitude with a normal range instrument. The
original magnitude can be determined by just multiplying the result with the transformation
ratio. Such specially constructed transformers with accurate turns ratio are called as instrument
transformer. These instruments transformer are of two types (a) current transformer (CT) and
(b) potential transformer (PT).

CURRENT TRANSFORMER(CT)

Current transformers are generally used to measure current of high magnitude. These
transformers step down the current to be measured with a normal range ammeter. A current
transformer as only one or very few number of primary turns. The primary winding may be just
a conductor or a busbar placed in a hollow core.

POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER (PT)

Potential transformer is also known as voltage transformers and they are basically step down
transformer with extremely accurate turns ratio. Potential transformers stepdown the voltage of
high magnitude to a lower voltage which can be measured with standard measuring instrument.
These transformers have large number of primary turns and smaller number of secondary turns.

Fig.3.22 33kv current transformer Fig.3.24 33kv potential transformer

3.5. MOTOR.

An electric motor is an electric machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Most electric motor operate through the interaction between the motors magnetic field and electric
current in the wire winding. This interaction generates a force in the form of torque which is applied
to the motor’s shaft.

Electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as inverters, electric generators,
or a power grid.

TPYES OF MOTOR.

Fig.3.25 electrical motor

3.6 SURGE ARRESTER AND ISOLATOR.

According to the most definitions the lightning arrester is the device used on power systems above
1000 volts, to protect from lightning strikes. Lightning rods is also used to protect from lightning
strikes but there is not an arrester, they never energized and they are used to protect structures and
always ground potential. Let’s take an example where the transformer is not protected by arrester, If
the lighting will strikes the line , the current flow down through the transformer and transformer
damages. when transformer protected by arrester. when lightning strikes the line, arrester turns on
and current flow down through the arrester to ground. From this transformer is protected by arrester.

Fig.3.26 Surge arrester.

3.7 ISOLATOR
An isolator is a device used for isolating a circuit or equipment from a source of power. An isolator
is a mechanical switching device that, in the open position, allows for isolation of the input and
output of a device.

Fig.3.27 Isolator
3.8 POWER CABLE
A cable is an assemblage of two or more wires running side by side and bounded, twisted or
braided together to form a single assembly. The cable that is used for the transmission and
distribution of electrical power is known as the electrical power cable. It is used for the
transmission of high voltages in places where overhead lines are impractical to use.

The power cable is made of three main components, namely, conductor, dielectric, and
sheath. The conducting path for the current in the cable is provided by the conductor. The
insulation or dielectric withstands the service voltage and isolates the live conductor with other
objects. The sheath does not allow the moistures to enter and protects the cables from all
external influences like chemical or electrochemical attacks and fire.

TYPES OF ELECTRIC CABLES.

 Ribbon electric cables
 Shielded cables
 Twisted pair cables
 Coaxial cables
 fiber optic cables

Fig.3.28 Electric Cables.

3.9 POWER ANALYSER

A power analyser is used to measure the flow of power (w) in an electrical system. This refers to the
rate of electrical transferral between a power source and a sink, hence the alternative expression of
power as energy per second (J/s). Measuring power flow is a critical yet rudimentary process that
can be carried out with consummate ease using a standard power analyser. More advanced systems
acquire electrical signals and carry out integrated calculations for additional, complex analysis

Fig.3.29 circutor AR6 Power analyser.

Power quality analysers are used to continuously monitor and analyse electricity lines for
disturbance which can disrupt the reliable delivery of energy or cause damage to equipment plugged
into the grid.

Fig.3.30 Power analyser test result.

3.10 TENDER

When it comes to the business industries, there is a lot of dealing and trading of goods and services
that takes place. These deals require the companies to make a formal offer for the exchange of goods
and services with other organizations. This offer or bid is put forward in the form of a tender. To
understand the importance of a tender in the business industry, let us go through the term in a little
more detail and see how it actually works.

Basically, a tender is an offer or invitation to bid for a project or to accept a formal offer such as a
takeover bid. This term usually refers to the process through which the government and financial
institutions put forward invitation bids for large projects. These bids are to be submitted within a
given deadline. Another application of the term tender or tendering is when shareholders submit
their shares or securities in response to a takeover offer.

3.11 BILLING

Billing is defined as the step-by-step process of requesting payment from customers by issuing
invoices. An invoice is the commercial document businesses use to request payment and record
sales. More specifically, an invoice includes the name of the product a buyer purchases, the
products’ pricing and payment terms, and the buyer and seller contact information.

Simple terms, billing refers to the process of raising and sending invoices to customers and
requesting them to settle the dues. Invoices are documents that serve as a source of record-keeping
for businesses and as a means of requesting payment from customers.
3.12 5S SIGMA

5S is a system for organizing spaces so work can be performed efficiently, effectively, and safely.
This system focuses on putting everything where it belongs and keeping the workplace clean, which
makes it easier for people to do their jobs without wasting time or risking injury.

STEP NAME JAPANESE TERM EXPLANATION

1 Sort seiri Remove unnecessary items from each area.

2 Set in order seiton Organize and identify storage for efficient use.

3 shine seiso Clean and inspect each area regularly

4 standardization seiketsu Standard operating procedures.

5 sustain shitsuke Assign responsibility, track progress, and

continue the cycle.
3.13 QUALITY CRICLE

A quality circle or quality control circle is a group of workers who do the same or similar work, who
meet regularly to identify, analyse and solve work-related problems. It consists of minimum three
and maximum twelve members in number.

7 QC’S

 Check sheet: A structured, prepared form for collecting and analysing data; a generic tool
that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes.

 Control chart: Graph used to study how a process changes over time. Comparing current data
to historical control limits leads to conclusions about whether the process variation is
consistent (in control) or is unpredictable (out of control, affected by special causes of
variation).

 Histogram: The most commonly used graph for showing frequency distributions, or how
often each different value in a set of data occurs.

 Pareto chart: A bar graph that shows which factors are more significant.

 Scatter diagram: Graphs pairs of numerical data, one variable on each axis, to look for a
relationship.

 Stratification: A technique that separates data gathered from a variety of sources so that
patterns can be seen (some lists replace stratification with flowchart or run chart).
3.14 INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

Industrial Safety is a multi-disciplinary approach to developing and ensuring compliance with

regulatory agencies, safe working practices, and maintaining the health and well-being of those
employed in a particular occupation or workplace. Strategies to accomplish these goals maintain a
strong focus on injury prevention through hazard identification, prevention and controls; education
and training; audits and inspections; engineering modifications, and enforcement. This program
helps promote a safe and healthful work environment for the campus community through the
provision of the program elements and services listed below.

Fig.3.31 industrial safety.

3.15 LOTO

Lock out, tag out (LOTO) is a safety procedure used to ensure that dangerous equipment is properly
shut off and not able to be started up again prior to the completion of maintenance or repair work. It
requires that hazardous energy sources be "isolated and rendered inoperative" before work is started
on the equipment in question. The isolated power sources are then locked and a tag is placed on the
lock identifying the worker and reason the LOTO is placed on it. The worker then holds the key for
the lock, ensuring that only they can remove the lock and start the equipment. This prevents
accidental startup of equipment while it is in a hazardous state or while a worker is in direct contact
with it.

Lockout–tagout is used across industries as a safe method of working on hazardous equipment and
is mandated by law in some countries.
3.16 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

Personal protective equipment, commonly referred to as "PPE", is equipment worn to minimize

exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses. These injuries and illnesses
may result from contact with chemical, radiological, physical, electrical, mechanical, or other
workplace hazards. Personal protective equipment may include items such as gloves, safety glasses
and shoes, earplugs or muffs, hard hats, respirators, or coveralls, vests and full body suits.

If PPE is to be used, a PPE program should be implemented. This program should address the
hazards present; the selection, maintenance, and use of PPE; the training of employees; and
monitoring of the program to ensure its ongoing effectiveness.

Fig.3.32 personal protective equipment.

 Fig.3.32 Calibration. Fig.3.33 Thermography.

Fig.3.34 IR and WR Fig.3.35 BDV

Fig.3.36 Power analyser. Fig.3.37 Safety

Fig.3.38 Management Fig.3.39 Transformer

CHAPTER 4

CONCULSION

I am well satisfied with my internship. I have learned many new technical subjects, acquired a
number of new technical skills and improved my communication skills. Everyone is studying a lot
of in the class room as well as lecture hall but that full fill when those class room and lecture hall
studies going to be implemented. That is different experience and needed experience for everyone in
the world. According to the curriculum I had the great internship training in one of growing private
company. Actually, now a day’s practical experience much needed than theoretical base studies. I
spent around 4 weeks at the company for my internship training the training gave to me such
opportunity to enhance my knowledge and skills with the practical business environment. This kind
of training much needed for every student in their life. Especially now every company give for their
newly recruited people first six or three months as training period after that they gave the
appointment as permanent according to this practice, we can evaluate the vital part of the internship
training. Especially the department and the faculty allowed the students to get the internship training
as their wishes but that should be met with their specialization and discipline of the study. In the
future the faculty and each department should consider internship training with public quoted
company as well as multinational company that will help the students more to learn and enhance the
skill and knowledge.