Page Na

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Flsimqmemt - 1

Ohm's a s t t e _ t t h e volug e
acaoss C Comductoa is dizecH paoPo2
he Cuaaenmf Hocwims h2024 t
ProNi ded el11 physicul condiH Ome gmd
gomSteimH Jm he
e m P eauuoes Pmuim
PaoPo tim
eeueHO m t h e c0ms u m t _ot_ Cimd
Clit R s culed pes1Steimce
u ymittof ohm C i 2 -

C u o a e m t f s diae ct IyPaopoetiom u
meymS 1f Cuaoem
|vo lt9 e hut
t h e m S o does h e volige
doubies e
c u a e m t Hoco heough
l o mci Vo l4ege
esistumce theae mus t b e
a

esistum ce
acDOs het

v IR

Ohms lacw eppliesto both Dc

DC
ciocui+5PaOVIded thc1 uftue=
gmd_AC

of theciacujt s t e Kem
imductumce
im
 Page No
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-2
iachho ff's Voltuge Lau
CkVL)
The of el1 VoHuJes oa Potem-tic
diffesemces im-am ele Cto c ciacyit
Ooop fs
3
R2 42
Cio)
F E
DemO ciaut dhugaum)
As you cum See im .ci cuit hee_ue
Hot of 3loop
loop1 ABCDEVA
ooP2 Ae E EA
loo P 3 B C DE B.
Tm Loop 1,2,3B.
Yoltge AceogS : V
Vo 4ge Acad8 R2 2
vo IfSe Ac0SR3 3 .
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Im loop 1L 2 3.
Y=Y+ V2 +3
yo-V 2-Y=C CIVL
Ckchhofls Cunemt lel )
The Sum
emtea a m electaicul Cfotuitt jumcHo-
iS O._The cuoaemi
eMAea. h e
Jumctiom hAve positiye sicm Ojmd
h eCuremt s thet lee Ve ejum CHio=
huye ne ciYe sigm
T2
R R3
2
CDemo Jumctiom)
These are 2 JumcHo.
Let s me siuae
tot CUoremt 2 t SumCHo m .
I-FII2= o
CkcL)
 MI W F S S
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A
WwÝ
= Tn SeaieS
take 3aesistoars R R md Pa,_
Commectedm 3sieg Omd a beteay
O f V voltsCommet edSuppo Se
the
P. cca033 P is N Ra i's Vg md
Pa isVa
Hotul P.d gcaass he 3aesistos
should be euu c 0 he vou e
Of beteo
-
AS Per_ohmm's Lu
IP 2 IR2, Va I R3
So no ce pu evea Vatue im eu Hom
V:IP IR2 * IR
R: P+R2t R3
 M I_W_1F S S
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Dole
2
Im PCellel
tcKe 3 esis to2S P Po R.3 Cmnmected
i Pelde1lel_elm d. Comm eci heteal
V vo 1S m.this éuse P , d
CICOSS h e emds C I be e scimae.
the'_CLiademt HocOima H o w e e r 1s
mot-he
tacm Ohmm's le . .
I e
T2 R2
T2 /P3
PuHHOng Cl velue) Of L T e clm d 2
L (1)..
2 , + Vet ypa -
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P-4

Cuarem Divisonm ule .

f Pualle 1 cia cuit_ejc+s a1 C CuDoemi
dividea s t dev id es h e
ciD cuit C1Dem im_i t s e l l beome hes
Figuael gho cs e Cudemt divid er
Ciacuit im cOhich he 4otel _ciaCuit
CaDemi: I hus divide d N + o _
Cae Hs emd T2 f m eo
Prac 11el becum c hes c i t h e s i S } u m c e s
R c n d 2 a . Atthough, C@. ceum m0tia
HHnct h e Nol ge doop. cICAO9S bo -1h
esisteIM ce 1S RCImne.

T
I ( R2

uarent Divisiom kule

Accod dimg 0 Ohm 's_ eca.

gmd T,=
P PR2
Rit R2
I:V _ B22
2e 2P2
But we mo co ht i s Semn e
So V IRL:Ia R2
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PR2 22

I I2 P2/ R t 2 2

Vol+ege DrfsiomRule
Rule'
A seies ciacu acts U s e YolCtge
diider alsit divides the to le1 Supply
Voltug9e mo diffeaeort volteaeS
CcaO3s h e Ciecuit elemnemts Hguae 2
Shos avo1-ege divide a Cioci im
V
Caohich he_to Sppy Volteig e
u s beem deivi ded mto Vofe)9 es
9md Na cca0s3 + t o oesi-em Ce
h e CuDaent
AL cimd
haough both aes1ateimEe 1S 8 C l m e .

2 2

Volte 9e DËYi siom Rule

Accosdimg O Ohm's Le a
, IP elmd 2 : 1 P 2

ea R 122

V IR e I Ce+P2)

SyP I V -2
22
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P RtP2
V=Y2 CertP2) G =2V2 YP2-
22

IF O more 'voltige0a CUDEe

SOuace Cde Cefohq slmuhlm enulq
f n e RimeUa metcoa he
PSU0-telm Cuaemt f m um be'emch
is e ' *elle kaíc Sum c
Ceroems heit WOLld be Paody ced
Tn it, he eclch Souce Ceto&
Cilome elmd all ohe jmdepedem
SOuace Cee 2eplCed oy heja
imeema resis4Clmce

Ecple nciticmOf Supesposit om

heoa e
Tmthe ciecui givem belocO Cae
oe
heye t e imd h e boumch CuaremAs
V u e 1 3 - Dy usimg Supea positiod
heoaem
2 R2

( 2
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Step
T 1ke4heSouate Neilome_ eit
fiast
fies aeplucimg a Shoat Ciaul

Heae the baumuh Cuoremi

P
P2tP3
2 . R3
122t 3
3

Ste p 2.

Tuve theSouace2 da_ elome

1
He Hhe beumch1 Cuemt i 213
BRe 2 R tR2
RtR3
T
 M I WI
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Step 3 bypplJim SpeaRosilloom

heoem.

O-6

NotUm's Theoaem 9tut es het A

limesa CictÍNe e e t exo OAi14 Comsil-Hmg
of he depem demt depem demt
No 1ege- gouare elmd Cu2et30uace
Cimd he Ncoio us Ciaujt elem emts
Cclm be Subsi-tyted by m eqyi
Valemt_ Ci Cuit Coms1stímg. Of e
Cu emt Souateim pcieod1lej f L
C
Tesseim ce
p l c tomuiom
To umdeasHumdNoDiom'a fheoaem
d 4CHL e t US Cmsi'deà
Cio cuit dcicmm giNem bel

T m Oade o flmd he Cua0emt

e es Shouwm im the
CD. the Lhts +0 be shoa ciecyt
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Vs
t 23
Oto3
Amd l so
Lsc Id3
33+2

Oo ohe shoot ciaruit is remoNed

Cm the imdepemdemtSouote is
deacHV CHe d e s shocom m Hhe
ciacuit diuaaelm. belou

50 P mt

o As pea_No om!s Le
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Date:
YOUVA

SO
I Isc Pimt+
o n t RL

-
he ve mim'sTheoem gtt es h t
Cmy comapií
é t e d met woa14 Ccadss
Qocd termimc|s aHm be2
Subeituted by vojfeiae soua:te
cat me esis teimce m seoies.
EocplemctHiom Of The vemim 's heceem
The Thevemim s_ Sletememt iS
en Plc1med iththe he Ip of c
Cicuit Sho um beloa,
WW
 Pag No
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Date

I n cadea to -fimd he euivellem1

Votug e_S0uace, i s emoyed
faom he cir calit CUS 3hocami
he tH2ua e belo
A

Yth

SO Y4h =Is Ys

mc|
9oc +0 fimd h e fmteidm
Seies
Tesi'stemce OF m e tuoa1k
OPem c-ie ciuit yO]Lege
i h the
S oeMOVe d
CVt)_Hhe Ns

TH

TH 3 + T

hevemim's
TheO E m .
SO AS P e a
 t

ATH

AL

TL TH -Ams)
PTHPL

w e mo cothcut cm alltesmatimg
e.mt. Cm be qemeatted byH eithe
COi
MegmetiG ffeld 00 by aeitltimg
meg meHC feld ai+him csicHo
Cl) c e , _The mcqmi-tude Or
e.mm.ff gemeaUt ed im e coi
depemds Pom 1he mum bea of
usmS Om Cof, SoemgtL c
e H c field gmd Speed O coil
 Page No
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ate
Vetlte
ANenige OFAC.
Coheom AC fg Com eated O Dc 1sim
CaecTiea, his Cmyept ed Ac is
mo m eS eYenge v c | e O Ac
TheCVeeUqe NMCLe. OE Simusoldc
CV e cum_b e cal1cul oited qDLphicul
COUsimc the5temdedd eucaiom
The Py eocg e vulue_OF AC s
Leteacie 2Tmm
T1
3
d
Jm Simc _d&
I T COS
C
c
Cosca) t
Tm E cosSC27) +1
FODfuI1 CCle
FoD h f Cy cle
Tm C
21m/
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MS vcalue
RNS
Ct_Coemt s he e m o 1mt at hE

O ciorut
Pe Aced_by c aesI-oa
Chem_ am_fC Dc Pess 1haoS

1 ms Ton

Pocof

i Imm Sim O.

Te CIOe Of_SAoiP A cOi be

A: r2 dO
The Aaeu of h e h l yele Of
2 CACIYe wii be_givem cis
TT

A dO
AL Tm sjmádo

SIm29
2
 W

age No
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Dale.

111
T

Chec'I3e 12 cetm be foumd b

di Vidimg ne clae by he peei©d.)

N2

Y=NomSimuWA

Pesistive
Im Puze
Yonn S1mcwA2

2 P
L m Sim Co)

Poc ea
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Vm ima) (I mr Sime )
Vm J 2
sin?, cee
2

I CS 2 co).)

Vm Tm C0S2
2 N2 N

m Tm
N2
Vm I n C OI2CO L

c
O cOS 2 ce) = o.
P Vm m O

P m S omss

The Nol{¢rge cImd

he CuDemt im
-1e pco ely 2esis ive Cioct cpe
Phcis e cei1h euch olhe hav
m
phcis e diffa emce.
J o ) e.

1T

ent

pocea
 GUA

V=YmSimaw
V=VmSim cCe) 0
i Yomm sim Ccd I)
h e e _ xc
COC

Imm 5im CeuR+ Tla -9

PO p oc eea

P i
(omSimc)) T m Sim CDR-4 I )
P : Vom T m SjmcL coS cof
Of
a
P:0

qbolve eyU iom i t l

#oomthe
Hemse eyeege_pOde o im
e a h u t Hhe
Cleo Zea
CoCuit is
t h e _ c u l pcl ci
ye
the
 P,i
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D-13

- Vomsim c

Y Yo Sim Ca) R

h e a e . (XL WL)

I m 5iom Cc02 9
T
5
PoC e

P = YI

P Vm simcu £) CIm SimCcof -1A)

PE-Vmlm Simc R COS c)*
avg Of _Cos O
0,
 M_1 W_1 .
Paye YOUVA
Datu

HemCefheCAYeac9 e
Hemce po cea
Os ) ed ÍnPua ely imdy c-iVe 1S
Z e o

thetCmtoimr u Puoe
A Cauit COmmeLted im
Resis-fCm ce ohomms
cOtLh_c_co11 huying p u e
Seies
imdelem e
of L S_KnacwmciS

ciorcut
R-L_Seaies5

Y=Yom Sim T

Pheso8 didg0um

I¥L
YL T1fL
L2 Y
YR =
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V tV2

CIA4 (I
T VR24 X

I V
where 7: N22 X12

Phease Amgle
um N I7L=X-

Pocde jm BLseaieseietyr

I m Sim Cct- ) (2)

P i

p (Ymsim c)L) CIm Sim (cee )

P:Vm mm 2 sim (ca) -¢9s19m%cit
2
P=YamIm cosocos C2cokk-¢)
2
Ym Tmm (cos o)Ymm Tam cos (2uk
2
 eY t_cos C2cef-¢2: o

Vm m.

P a m s Jams COS V I COS

chee

Vetoam:

2T

Curoem

Po e

CCOm-teims puae
A ciaCuit h t
me c i e d1
: shms c
eistchm ce Puoe
cupciCItO0

Seoies cait e fcicidS SKmcce

K m cceon
cicidsS

pocIJer mce
oF C f
C1ac4t
PC_sea eiE s
C
 Page
OUVA
Ca1e

V= Ym Sicn

N Nm Simco
Phuso dica2cmm-

Ne
B

V= CVa CY
P.24 X2
2

Phas e Cimgle
m Ve
N 2
 M I W IT

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p oe a I n
P RC seoiey ciouit

N Ym Sim co -(D
m s Ima 4 pD

P
P-Nmsim cw) Cfmsim Ce).Q ¢)
P= YmT m 2 sim Cas 0 sima
2
P mI m (cos d cos CQ a 1¢)
2
C eVg cos C2 a
2

P Vaams Taans CO S

( s n e r e _ COS Z
Y

Ca2CAe-todm

Poc e r

CUrmt

vota9 e