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    2 Basic Input Output

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    faridsamsu
    The document discusses C++ input and output using cin and cout objects. It provides 3 examples: 1. Using cout to output a string and basic explanation of how it works 2. Using cout to output numbers and characters of different data types 3. Taking integer input using cin and then displaying it using cout

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    2 Basic Input Output

    Uploaded by

    faridsamsu
    14 views4 pages
    The document discusses C++ input and output using cin and cout objects. It provides 3 examples: 1. Using cout to output a string and basic explanation of how it works 2. Using cout to output numbers and characters of different data types 3. Taking integer input using cin and then displaying it using cout

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    2 Basic Input output

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    The document discusses C++ input and output using cin and cout objects. It provides 3 examples: 1. Using cout to output a string and basic explanation of how it works 2. Using cout to output numbers and characters of different data types 3. Taking integer input using cin and then displaying it using cout

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views4 pages

    2 Basic Input Output

    Uploaded by

    faridsamsu
    The document discusses C++ input and output using cin and cout objects. It provides 3 examples: 1. Using cout to output a string and basic explanation of how it works 2. Using cout to output numbers and characters of different data types 3. Taking integer input using cin and then displaying it using cout

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    C++ Basic Input/Output

    In this tutorial, we will learn to use the cin object to take input from the user, and
    the cout object to display output to the user with the help of examples.

    C++ Output
    In C++, cout sends formatted output to standard output devices, such as the
    screen. We use the cout object along with the << operator for displaying output.

    Example 1: String Output


    #include <iostream>
    using namespace std;

    int main() {
    // prints the string enclosed in double quotes
    cout << "This is C++ Programming";
    return 0;
    }
    Run Code

    Output

    This is C++ Programming

    How does this program work?


     We first include the iostream header file that allows us to display output.
     The cout object is defined inside the std namespace. To use the std namespace,
    we used the using namespace std; statement.
     Every C++ program starts with the main() function. The code execution begins
    from the start of the main() function.
     cout is an object that prints the string inside quotation marks " ". It is followed by
    the << operator.
     return 0; is the "exit status" of the main() function. The program ends with this
    statement, however, this statement is not mandatory.
    Note: If we don't include the using namespace std; statement, we need to
    use std::cout instead of cout .

    This is the preferred method as using the std namespace can create potential
    problems.
    However, we have used the std namespace in our tutorials in order to make the
    codes more readable.
    #include <iostream>

    int main() {
    // prints the string enclosed in double quotes
    std::cout << "This is C++ Programming";
    return 0;
    }

    Run Code

    Example 2: Numbers and Characters Output

    To print the numbers and character variables, we use the same cout object but
    without using quotation marks.
    #include <iostream>
    using namespace std;

    int main() {
    int num1 = 70;
    double num2 = 256.783;
    char ch = 'A';

    cout << num1 << endl; // print integer


    cout << num2 << endl; // print double
    cout << "character: " << ch << endl; // print char
    return 0;
    }
    Run Code

    Output

    70
    256.783
    character: A
    Notes:
     The endl manipulator is used to insert a new line. That's why each output is
    displayed in a new line.
     The << operator can be used more than once if we want to print different
    variables, strings and so on in a single statement. For example:

    cout << "character: " << ch << endl;

    C++ Input
    In C++, cin takes formatted input from standard input devices such as the
    keyboard. We use the cin object along with the >> operator for taking input.

    Example 3: Integer Input/Output


    #include <iostream>
    using namespace std;

    int main() {
    int num;
    cout << "Enter an integer: ";
    cin >> num; // Taking input
    cout << "The number is: " << num;
    return 0;
    }
    Run Code

    Output

    Enter an integer: 70
    The number is: 70

    In the program, we used

    cin >> num;


    to take input from the user. The input is stored in the variable num . We use
    the >> operator with cin to take input.

    Note: If we don't include the using namespace std; statement, we need to


    use std::cin instead of cin .

    C++ Taking Multiple Inputs


    #include <iostream>
    using namespace std;

    int main() {
    char a;
    int num;

    cout << "Enter a character and an integer: ";


    cin >> a >> num;

    cout << "Character: " << a << endl;


    cout << "Number: " << num;

    return 0;
    }
    Run Code

    Output

    Enter a character and an integer: F


    23
    Character: F
    Number: 23

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