Northern Leyte College Inc.

Palompon, Leyte
S.Y. 2022-2023

Weekly Lesson Plan in MAPEH (Music)- GRADE 9

Quarter: 2 , Week No.: 1- 3 , Date: November 2- November 18, 2022

I. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
 Describe musical elements of given Classical period pieces;
 Enjoy listening to selected musical pieces of the classical period and;
 Demonstrate understanding of the different classical forms through recognition of
the audio clips provided.

MELCS: Listens perceptively to selected Classical period music. (MU9CL-IIa-f-1)

II. SUBJECT MATTER:

Topic: Music of the Classical Period
Reference/ Sources: Phoenix Book (MAPEH) pg. 9-12 and Learner’s Modules
Materials: PowerPoint, Laptop, Projector, and Audio materials (speaker)

III. PROCEDURE:
A. Preliminary Activity
-Prayer
-Greetings
-Checking of Attendance

B. Review
This activity will test your knowledge on what you have learned in the
previous lesson.

Vocal and Instrumental Music

Can you recall the difference between vocal and instrumental music? Instruction: Fill in
the table with information from your previous lessons in Quarter 1.
Table 1 Difference between Vocal and Instrumental Music

C. Motivation
 D. Lesson Proper:
 Activity

Listening Activity 3 Instructions: Listen to the following classical operas and complete the information
inside the box. Copy the link in your browser.

 Analysis

 Abstraction

CLASSICAL MUSIC TO OTHER ART FORMS AND ITS HISTORY WITH THE ERA
Classical Era, also called “Age of Reason”, is the period from 1750-1820. The cultural
life was dominated by the aristocracy, as patrons of musicians and artists generally influenced
the arts. Significant changes in musical forms and styles were made. In general, classical era
is used in opposition to the ideas of popular music and folk music. Popular and folk music both
tend to feature works that are immediately appealing and "understandable", even to people
who have little musical training or knowledge. This immediate appeal usually comes from an
underlying simplicity; folk and popular music’s often feature short or repetitive forms, driving
rhythms that encourage movement and dance, melodies and harmonies that are comfortably
within their traditions.
In the middle of the 18th century, European began to move a new style in architecture,
literature, and the arts, known as classicism. It was also pushed forward by changes in the
economic order and in social structure. Instrumental music was patronized primarily by the
nobility. Important historical events that occurred in the West during this era were the French
Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars, the American declaration of Independence in 1776, and
the American Revolution.
The term classical denotes conformity with the principles and characteristics of ancient
Greek and Roman literature art which were formal, elegant, simple, freed, and dignified. The
same characteristics may also describe the melodies of classical music. Harmony and texture
is homophonic in general. The dynamics of loud and soft was clearly shown through the
extensive use of crescendo and diminuendo. A style of broken chord accompaniment called
Alberti bass was practiced.
In the case of music, as in other arts, the term ‘classical’ indicates the presence of an
established or long-standing tradition. While the roots of classical music extend back to
Gregorian chant, three developments occurring in the 11 th century are often regarded as
marking the beginning of the classical tradition in western music. These are the developments
of polyphony, the principles of order, and the establishment of musical pieces as
compositions. The classical tradition is centrally defined by European art music composed
during the Common Practice period, which encompasses Baroque, Classical, and Romantic
music (roughly 1650-1900). It also includes Medieval, Ars Nova, and Renaissance art music,
as well as non-European, 20 th century, and contemporary art music that incorporates
compositional practices that are recognized as being well-established in western art music.
While the vast majority of compositions in Western art music unambiguously fall under the
category of ‘classical music’, one can argue that, though there will be no decisive line, certain
highly experimental or innovative pieces cannot be a part of an established tradition of
composition and thus should not be considered ‘classical’.
In contrast to the aesthetics of popular music, the aesthetics of classical music has
traditionally focused on aesthetic content that is strictly musical in nature, excluding any
additional content conveyed through words, actions, visual displays, or any other non-musical
elements. It has typically limited itself to inquiry into the aesthetic content in musical works that
is available from music alone, considered apart from any non-musical elements.  Although
there are clearly topics of significant interest in the additional aesthetic qualities of classical
works that include non-musical elements (whether these be semantic, poetic, dramatic, or
dance-related), most philosophers writing about classical music have been unwilling to venture
into this territory. The focus on music as such in the aesthetics of classical music is due to the
compelling philosophical questions generated by pure or ‘absolute’ music, the complexity
involved in considering music in combination with non-musical elements, and a desire to
understand the art of music apart from any aesthetic content contributed from other sources.
In keeping with the historical focus of the aesthetics of classical music on music as such, this
article restricts itself to discussion of aesthetic content that is purely musical in nature and it
does not address topics involving the combination of music with other aesthetic elements.
Several features of classical music as an art form play a central role in defining the
areas of aesthetic inquiry that pertain to it. Three features in particular deserve attention.
These are the unique impact classical music has on our inner experience, its temporal nature,
and the central role played by the tradition of tonal harmony, even after its “collapse” at the
beginning of the 20th century.
In the historical tradition, classical music gradually expands its artistic resources, from
the practices of medieval polyphony, through the incorporation of new elements in the
Renaissance, to the achievement of a conception of music and musical composition that is
shared across Europe by the middle of the Baroque. The subsequent development of classical
music during the Common Practice period is unique in the way that it preserves a strong
continuity in compositional techniques while at the same time evolving continually as an art
form. The late works from this period make use of the same basic musical materials (scales
and chords) as the early ones: the diatonic scales, triadic functional harmony, primary
organization around the dominant-tonic relationship, integration of vertical and horizontal
dimensions, and so on. Early works differ from later ones in countless ways, but the
fundamental musical materials and relationships do not change until the extended
chromaticism of late romantic music begins to dissolve a sense of the tonic altogether. Later
works differ from earlier ones primarily through creative innovations that are compatible with
existing tonal system made by particular composers and through a gradual exploration and
expansion of resources already implied in the tonal system itself. This gradual expansion
within the context of a continuous tradition has significant implications for the expressive
possibilities classical music possesses as an art form, allowing for the emergence of a
repertoire of expressive compositional techniques that grows in effectiveness and scope as it
progressively develops the potential that is inherent in tonal harmony.
The diverse compositional approach developed in classical music in the early part of
the 20th century has questions for musical aesthetics. Many aesthetic theories based on
analysis of music of the Common Practice period do not apply to compositions based on
approaches divergent from those used by tonal harmony. This difference in aesthetic content
applies to theories of meaning, form, and expressiveness. Most influential and contemporary
philosophers of classical musical aesthetics focus almost exclusively on tonal classical music
(including music that achieves a tonal center by means other than tonal harmony, as found in
the music of Stravinsky, Debussy, and Bartok). Given that many of these theoretical
perspectives do not apply to non-tonal music, the aesthetics of non-tonal classical music is an
area that is in need of further development by the discipline.
Main characteristics
Classical music has a lighter, clearer texture than Baroque music and is less complex.
It is mainly homophonic—melody above chordal accompaniment (but counterpoint is by no
means forgotten, especially later in the period). It also makes use of Style gallant in the
classical period which was drawn in opposition to the structures of the Baroque style,
emphasizing light elegance in place of the Baroque’s dignified seriousness and impressive
grandeur.
Variety and contrast within a piece became more pronounced than before. Variety of
keys, melodies, rhythms and dynamics (using crescendo, diminuendo and sforzando), along
with frequent changes of mood and timbre were more common place in the Classical period
than they had been in the Baroque. Melodies tended to be shorter than those of Baroque
music, with clear-cut phrases and clearly marked cadences. The orchestra increased in size
and range; the harpsichord continuo fell out of use, and the woodwind became a self-
contained section. As a solo instrument, the harpsichord was replaced by the
piano (or fortepiano). Early piano music was light in texture, often with Alberti
bass accompaniment, but it later became richer, more sonorous and more powerful.
Importance was given to instrumental music—the main kinds were sonata, trio, string quartet,
symphony, concerto, serenade and divertimento. Sonata form developed and became the
most important form. It was used to build up the first movement of most large-scale works, but
also other movements and single pieces (such as overtures).

Difference between Classical music to 21st century music

Classical (1750 - 1830) Music from the Classical period shifted away from the Baroque
period's emphasis on polyphonic texture and more towards a single melody with
accompaniment. This created music with less texture but with a more clearly defined melody.
Characteristics of Classical music include: single melody with accompaniment, one voice
carries the primary melody while another voice plays a simpler line that supports the melody,
larger variety of keys, melodies, rhythms, and dynamics, more contrast in a piece, shorter,
clearer melodies than in Baroque music, more emphasis on instrumental music. The primary
forms of compositions are: sonata, trio, string quartet, symphony, and concerto.
Contemporary (1920- present): The most conspicuous differentiation between classical
music in the contemporary period and in previous periods is the shift in tone. Whereas music
from the common practice period was largely tonal, much contemporary music is
atonal. Contemporary classical music can be divided into: 20th-century Contemporary
Classical Music: Varies greatly, no dominant style, increased use of dissonance. And 21st-
century Contemporary Classical Music: huge variety in style, which include minimalism,
experimentalism, contains a variety of influences from world music to technology, and many
classical composers have written for film scores.

The Importance of Classical Music in a Modern World

In a society focused on the latest technology, dance crazes, and what is trending on
social media, it is easily understood why so many believe the art of classical music is in many
ways irrelevant. However, with more music being produced in today’s era than ever before,
and with many artist drawing inspiration from classical pieces, this old art form is long from
dead. Over the centuries, classical music has transformed itself to become a building block,
setting the framework for musicians of all types today. Many studies have even shown that
music especially learning or listening to classical can have a wide variety of benefits.
Whether you are interested in rock, pop or even rap, the musical influence from
classical composers, though sometimes hidden, can become clear the more you study music’s
history. Further, classical composers such as Bach, Schubert and Mozart, despite how long
ago their music was composed remains relevant because of how it played such a major factor
into the evolution of music and its genres. An example of music’s evolution due to one of these
composers was when Bach wrote the piece Prelude and Fugue Number 20 in A Minor, a
composition that combined Bach’s classical style with a more modern approach, which was
later deemed the first Jazz song. Also, the structure of almost every popular song in today’s
musical era can be traced back to Schubert’s creation of the three minute, verse-chorus based
song. Schubert, though he was a classical composer, wanted to create short melodic songs
that everyone could enjoy, this lead him after writing hundreds of pieces to perfect the design
of music, we are very familiar with today. Mozart similarly to Schubert came up with his own
structure of music in which many of his pieces were simplistic in comparison to the earlier
work of Bach. Mozart found that a four chord melody, similar to that of modern pop and rock
music, though simple could be beautiful. This simple method allowed him to become one of
the most well-known composers of all time.
Though the roots of music are important, classical music’s reach extends further than
just a step in music’s evolution. In fact, many popular artists in today’s music industry have a
close relationship to classical music. A large portion of today’s musicians grew up playing
some sort of classical instrument such as the piano or violin, because reading music is such a
transferable skill in the music industry. The relationship between modern and classical music
is especially shown with artists such as One republic, Coldplay, U2, Jon Bellion, Childish
Gambino, Adele, Avicii, and many more have used or adapted classical music into their works.
Playing or listening to classical music has a wide variety of benefits. Both playing and listening
to music can be a great stress reliever. It has been proven that playing any type of music can
increase a person’s intelligence; this is due to the fact that music can relate to so many other
academic subjects. The way in which musical notes are written in a set of different fractions
help with early on math skills because they help give real examples of how numbers can be
broken down and even multiplied by a set tempo. As well, once you are able to play a piece or
song after a while, music gives you a sense of accomplishment and can boost your overall
confidence. Also, playing music especially at high levels music can increase one’s creativity.
MUSICAL ELEMENTS OF CLASSICAL PERIOD
ELEMENTS OF MUSIC IN THE CONTEXT OF CLASSICAL PERIOD
Simple Recall: It is important to consider the different elements of music as basis for
understanding the music of the Classical period.
Basic Elements of Music and its related terms:
 Rhythm: (beat, meter, tempo, syncopation)
 Dynamics: (forte, piano, [etc.], crescendo, decrescendo)
 Melody: (pitch, theme, conjunct, disjunct)
 Harmony: (chord, progression, consonance, dissonance, key, tonality,
atonality)
 Tone color: (register, range, instrumentation)
 Texture: (monophonic, homophonic, polyphonic, imitation, counterpoint)
 Form: (binary, ternary, strophic, through-composed)
VOCAL and INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Sonata
A multi-movement work for solo instrument, Sonata came from the word “Sonare” which
means to make a sound. This term is applied to a variety of works for solo instrument such as
keyboard or violin. There are 3 movements in of Sonata:
1st Movement: Allegro-fast movement
2nd Movement: Andante-slow movement
3rd Movement: Minuet-it is in three-four time and in a moderate or fast tempo

Sonata Allegro Form

The most important form that developed during the Classical era consists of 3
distinct sections:
1. Exposition - the first part of a composition in sonata form that introduces the theme.
2. Development – is the middle part of the sonata-allegro form wherein themes are
being developed.
3. Recapitulation – repeats the theme as they first emerge in the opening exposition.

Concerto
Concerto is a multi-movement work designed for an instrumental soloist and orchestra. It
is a classical form of music intended primarily to emphasize the individuality of the solo
instrument and to exhibit the virtuosity and interpretative abilities of the performer. The solo
instruments in classical concertos include violin, cello, clarinet, bassoon, trumpet, horn and
piano. A concerto has three movements: fast, slow, and fast.

Symphony
A multi-movement for orchestra, the symphony is derived from the word “Sinfonia” which
means “a harmonious sounding together”. It is a classical music for the whole orchestra,
generally in four movements.
COMPOSERS OF THE CLASSICAL MUSIC
Franz Joseph Hayden (1732-1809)
He is one of the foremost unmistakable composers of the Classical
Period. His life depicts as a “rags-to-riches” story. He came from a
destitute family and his music driven to rise in social status. He was
enlisted by wealthy supporters and executive for the Esterhazy family for
30years.
His music reflects his character and identity: basically calm,
adjusted, genuine but with touches of humor. He was able to compose
over 100 symphonies and created them into long shapes for expansive
ensemble. He was named, “Father of the Symphony” in spite of the fact
that he exceeded expectations in each music sort of the period. Most of his ensembles have
nicknames such as the “Surprise Symphony”, “The Clock”, and “The Military”. He moreover
composed chamber piano music and choral works.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)

He is a child wonder and the foremost astonishing virtuoso in melodic
history. At age five, he was as of now playing the violin and the
harpsichord; at six, he was recognized as an extraordinary piano player,
and at seven, he was as of now composing fabulous music. At age
thirteen, he had composed sonatas, concertos, ensembles, devout works,
and musical dramas and operettas.

He tested in all sorts of music and composed over 700 works.

Shockingly, due to fumbled funds he lived his life in destitution, kicked the
bucket youthful, and was buried in an obscure grave. He composed brilliant concertos,
symphonies, and operas such as “The Marriage of Figaro” (1786), “Don Giovanni” (1789), and
“The Magic Flute “which became popular.

Ludwig Van Beethoven (1770-1827)

He was born in Bonn, Germany to a family of perform and studied music
at an early age. He was the composer who bridged the late Classical era
and the early Romantic era. He was a skilled piano player and composer.
His celebrated compositions incorporate 32 piano sonatas, 21 set of
variations, 9 symphonies, 5 concertos for piano, 16 string quartets, and
choral music.

His works
began to go deaf in 1796 but this did not end up an obstacle. He
proceeded composing through the assistance of a partner and hearing contraption. A few of
his popular compositions were made when he was deaf.
 `Application
Listening Activity
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcBn04IyELc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDKIeyAnCBc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=quxTnEEETbo

After listening to the different classical pieces, how will you describe the Classical
Period Music? Write down the characteristics that you have observed during your
listening exercises. ______________________.
IV. EVALUATION:
TEST I. MULTIPLE CHOICE
Direction: Choice the letter of the correct answer.
1. A musical work with different movements for an instrumental soloist and orchestra.
a. Symphony
b. Sonata
c. Concerto
d. Rondo

2. A section of the sonata- allegro from where the themes are introduced.
a. Exposition
b. Development
c. Recapitulation
d. Theme and Variation

3. The general texture of Classical Music.

a. Monophonic
b. Homophonic
c. Heterophonic
d. Polyphonic
4. The term for serious opera.
a. Comic Opera
b. Opera
c. Opera Buffa
d. Opera Seria

5. The most important form that was developed during the classical era and usually the
form of the first movement of a sonata or symphony.
a. Minuet
b. Sonata Allegro
c. Rondo
d. Symphony

6. It repeats the themes as they first emerged in the opening exposition.

a.Exposition
b.Development
c. Recapitulations
d. Sonata

7. A musical composition designed to be played by the full orchestra.

a. Symphony
b. Sonata
c. Concerto
d. Cantata

8. The term for Italian Opera.

a. Opera
b. Comic opera
c. Opera Buffa
d. Opera Seria

9. It is a multi-movement work for solo instrument.

a.Symphony
b. Sonata
c. Concerto
d. Cantata

10. It is called “The Age of Reason”.

a. Medieval
b. Renaissance
c. Baroque
d. Classical
TEST II. IDENTIFICATION
Direction: Identify the following sentence. Choose the answer in the box below.
1. It is a classical music for the whole orchestra.

2. A multi-movement work designed for an instrumental soloist and orchestra.

3. multi-movement work for solo instrument.

4. The most important form that developed during classical era.

5. The middle part of the sonata- allegro wherein themes are being developed.

6. The first part of a composition in sonata form that introduces the theme.

7. The second movement of the concerto.

8. Repeats the theme as they first emerge in the opening exposition.

9. Composer of Eine Kleene Nachtmusik.

10. Third movement of sonata.
1. A drama set to music
(Opera: Aria)

2. Opera in Italy if full of fun and frivolity.

(Opera Comique: Opera Buffa)

3. An opera with a humorous plot and usually with a happy ending.

(Opera Comique: Opera Buffa)

4. An opera based on a serious plot usually revolves around mythological beings such
as gods and goddesses.
(Opera Buffa: Opera Seria)

5. 18th century German musical comedy featuring songs and ensembles interspersed
with dialogue.
(Singspiel: Opera)

6. A separate song, usually for one voice.

V. ASSIGNMENT/ AGREEMENT:
 Search and study in advance Music of South Asia and Middle East.

Prepared by:

SHAMAICA E. SURIGAO
MAPEH Teacher

Checked and approved by:

CELSO C. RAYMUNDO, SR.

School Director-Principal