R2021 Python Lab

LAB MANUAL
2 Problem Solving & Python Programming Laboratory
List of Programs
1. Developing flow charts
a. Electricity Billing,
b. Retail Shop Billing,
c. Sin Series,
d. Weight of a Motorbike,
e. Weight of a Steel Bar,
f. Compute Electrical Current in Three Phase AC Circuit,
2. Programs Using Simple Statements
a. Exchange the values of two variables,
b. Circulate the values of n variables,
c. Distance between two points.
3. Programs Using Conditionals and Iterative Statements
a. Number Series
b. Number Patterns
c. Pyramid Pattern
4. Operations of Lists and Tuples (Items present in a library/Components of a
car/ Materials required for construction of a building)
5. Operations of Sets & Dictionaries (Language, components of an automobile,
Elements of a civil structure, etc)
6. Programs Using Functions
a. Factorial of a Number
b. Largest Number in a list
c. Area of Shape
7. Programs using Strings.
a. Reversing a String,
b. Checking Palindrome in a String,
Problem Solving & Python Programming 3
c. Counting Characters in a String

d. Replacing Characters in a String
8. Programs Using modules and Python Standard Libraries (pandas, numpy.
Matplotlib, scipy)
9. Programs using File Handling.
a. Copy from one file to another,
b. Word count,
c. Longest word
10. Programs Using Exception handling.
a. Divide by zero error,
b. Voter’s age validity,
c. Student mark range validation
11. Exploring Pygame tool.
12. Developing a game activity using Pygame like bouncing ball, car race etc.
Program No: 1A
File Name: DEVELOPING FLOWCHARTS
Ex. No: ELECTRICITY BILLING
Date:
Problem Statement:
 For 0 to 100 units the per unit is ₹ 0/-

 For 0 to 200 units, for the first 100 unit the per unit cost is zero and the
next 100 units, the consumer shall pay ₹ 1.5 per unit.
 For 0 to 500 units, the consumer shall pay ₹ 0 for the first 100 units, for
the next 100 units the consumer shall pay ₹ 2 per unit, for the next 300
units the unit cost is ₹3.00/-
 For above 500 units, the consumer shall pay ₹ 0 for the first 100 units, for
the next 100 units the consumer shall pay ₹ 3.50 per unit, for the next 300
units the unit cost is ₹4.60/- and for the remaining units the unit cost is
₹6.60/-
Start
Read Units
< =100 <=200 Units <= 500 >500

=
?
Amount = Amount = (100* 0) +

100* 0 (200 – 100)*3.5 +
Amount = (100* 0) + Amount = (100* 0) + (500 – 200)* 4.6+
(Unit – 100)*1.5 (200– 100)*2 + (Unit – 500) * 6.6
(Unit – 200)*3
Print Amount
Stop
Program No: 1 B
File Name:
RETAIL SHOP BILLING
Ex. No:
Date:
Problem Statement:
To prepare Retail shop billing flowchart.
Start
Tax=0.18
Rate_of_item
Display Items
Read Quantities
Cost=Rate_of_item * quantity+
Rate_of_item * quantity+ ……………..
BillAmount = cost + cost * tax
Print BillAmount
Stop
|
Program No: 1C
File Name:
SINE SERIES
Ex. No:
Date:
Problem Statement:
To evaluate the sine series. The formula used to express the Sin(x) as
Start
Read x, n
x=x*3.14159/180;
t=x;
sum=x;
i=1; i <=n; i++
t=(t*(-1)*x*x)/(2*i*(2*i+1));
sum=sum+t;
Print sum as sine(x)
Stop
Program No: 1D
File Name:
Ex. No: WEIGHT OF A STEEL BAR
Date:
Problem Statement:
To find the weight of a steel bar.
Start
Read Diameter D
W = D2 / 162
Print W
Stop
|
Program No: 1E
File Name: COMPUTE ELECTRICAL CURRENT IN THREE
Ex. No: PHASE AC CIRCUIT
Date:
Problem Statement:
To compute electrical current in three phase AC circuit.
Start
Read Vline , Aline
VA = * Vline * Aline
Print VA
Stop
Program No: 2 A PROGRAMS USING SIMPLE STATEMENTS

File Name:
EXCHANGE THE VALUES OF TWO VARIABLES
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to exchange the values of two variables.
Program:
def exchange(x,y): #Function Definition

x,y=y,x # swapping using tuple assignment
print("After exchange of x,y")
print("x =",x)
print("Y= ",y)
x=input("Enter value of X ") #Main Function
y=input("Enter value of Y ")
print("Before exchange of x,y")
print("x =",x)
print("Y= ",y)
exchange(x,y) # Function call
|
Output:
Enter value of X: 67
Enter value of Y: 56
Before exchange of x,y
x = 67
Y= 56
After exchange of x,y
x = 56
Y= 67
Program No: 2B
File Name: CIRCULATE THE VALUES OF N VARIABLES
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to calculate the values of N variables.
Program:
def circulate(A,N):
for i in range(1,N+1):
B=A[i:]+A[:i]
print("Circulation ",i,"=",B)
return
A=[91,92,93,94,95]
N=int(input("Enter n:"))
circulate(A,N)
Output:
Enter n:5
Circulation 1 = [92, 93, 94, 95, 91]
Circulation 2 = [93, 94, 95, 91, 92]
Circulation 3 = [94, 95, 91, 92, 93]
Circulation 4 = [95, 91, 92, 93, 94]
Circulation 5 = [91, 92, 93, 94, 95]
|
Program No: 2C
File Name: DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO VARIABLES
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to find distance between two variables.
Program:
import math
x1 = int(input("Enter a x1: "))
y1 = int(input("Enter a y1: "))
x2 = int(input("Enter a x2: "))
y2 = int(input("Enter a y2: "))
distance = math.sqrt(((x2-x1)**2)+((y2-y1)**2))
print("Distance = ",distance)
Output:
Enter a x1: 3
Enter a y1: 2
Enter a x2: 7
Enter a y2: 8
Distance = 7.211102550927978
Program No: 3 A
File Name: PROGRAMS USING CONDITIONALS AND
ITERATIVE LOOPS
Ex. No:
NUMBER SERIES
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to evaluate 12+22+32+….+N2
Program:
n = int(input('Enter a number: '))

sum=0
i=1
while i<=n:
sum=sum+i*i
i+=1
print('Sum = ',sum)
Output:
Enter a number: 10
Sum = 385
|
Program No: 3 B
File Name:
NUMBER PATTERN
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to print number pattern.
Program:
N=5
for i in range(1,N+1):
for k in range(N,i, –1):
print(" ", end =' ')
for j in range(1,i+1):
print(j, end =' ')
for l in range(i1,0,1):
print(l, end =' ')
print()
Output:
121
12321
1234321
123454321
Program No: 3C
File Name:
Ex. No: PYRAMID PATTERN
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to print number pattern.
Program:
n = int(input("Enter the number of rows: "))
m = (2 * n) - 2
for i in range(0, n):
for j in range(0, m):
print(end=" ")
m = m - 1 # decrementing m after each loop
for j in range(0, i + 1):
# printing full Triangle pyramid using stars
print("* ", end=' ')
print(" ")
|
Output:
Enter the number of rows: 9
**
** *
** * *
** * * *
* * ** * *
** * * * * *
** * * * * * *
* ** * * * * * *
Program No: 4A
File Name: OPERATIONS OF LISTS
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To Implement operations in a library list.
Program:
# declaring a list of items in a Library
library =
['Books','Periodicals','Newspaper','Manuscripts','Maps','Prints','Documents','Ebooks']
# printing the complete list
print('Library: ',library)
# printing first element
print('first element: ',library[0])
# printing fourth element
print('fourth element: ',library[3])
# printing list elements from 0th index to 4th index
print('Items in Library from 0 to 4 index: ',library[0: 5])
# printing list -7th or 3rd element from the list
print('3rd or -7th element: ',library[-7])
# appending an element to the list
library.append('Audiobooks')
print('Library list after append(): ',library)
|
# finding index of a specified element
print('index of \'Newspaper\': ',library.index('Newspaper'))
# sorting the elements of iLIst
library.sort()
print('after sorting: ', library);
# popping an element
print('Popped elements is: ',library.pop())
print('after pop(): ', library);
# removing specified element
library.remove('Maps')
print('after removing \'Maps\': ',library)
# inserting an element at specified index
# inserting 100 at 2nd index
library.insert(2, 'CDs')
print('after insert: ', library)
# Number of Ekements in Library list
print(' Number of Elements in Library list : ',library.count('Ebooks'))
Output:
Library: ['Books', 'Periodicals', 'Newspaper', 'Manuscripts', 'Maps', 'Prints',

'Documents', 'Ebooks']
first element: Books
fourth element: Manuscripts

Items in Library from 0 to 4 index: ['Books', 'Periodicals',

'Newspaper', 'Manuscripts', 'Maps']
3rd or -7th element: Periodicals
Library list after append(): ['Books', 'Periodicals', 'Newspaper', 'Manuscripts',

'Maps', 'Prints', 'Documents', 'Ebooks', 'Audiobooks']
index of 'Newspaper': 2
after sorting: ['Audiobooks', 'Books', 'Documents', 'Ebooks', 'Manuscripts', 'Maps',

'Newspaper', 'Periodicals', 'Prints']
Popped elements is: Prints
after pop(): ['Audiobooks', 'Books', 'Documents', 'Ebooks', 'Manuscripts', 'Maps',

'Newspaper', 'Periodicals']
after removing 'Maps': ['Audiobooks', 'Books', 'Documents', 'Ebooks',

'Manuscripts', 'Newspaper', 'Periodicals']
after insert: ['Audiobooks', 'Books', 'CDs', 'Documents', 'Ebooks', 'Manuscripts',

'Newspaper', 'Periodicals']
Number of Elements in Library list : 1
|
Program No:4B
File Name: OPERATIONS OF TUPLE
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To Implement operations in a Car Tuple.
Program:
# Python code for various Tuple operation
# declaring a tuple of Components of a car

car = ('Engine','Battery','Alternator','Radiator','Steering','Break','Seat Belt')
# printing the complete tuple

print('Components of a car: ',car)
# printing first element

print('first element: ',car[0])
# printing fourth element

print('fourth element: ',car[3])
# printing tuple elements from 0th index to 4th index

print('Components of a car from 0 to 4 index: ',car[0: 5])
# printing tuple -7th or 3rd element from the list

print('3rd or -7th element: ',car[-7])
# finding index of a specified element

print('index of \'Alternator\': ',car.index('Alternator'))
# Number of Elements in car tuple

print(' Number of Elements in Car Tuple : ',car.count('Seat Belt'))
#Length of car tuple

print(' Length of Elements in Car Tuple : ',len(car))
Output:
Components of a car: ('Engine', 'Battery', 'Alternator', 'Radiator', 'Steering', 'Break',

'Seat Belt')
first element : Engine
fourth element : Radiator
Components of a car from 0 to 4 index: ('Engine', 'Battery', 'Alternator', 'Radiator',
'Steering')
3rd or -7th element: Engine
index of 'Alternator': 2
Number of Elements in Car Tuple : 1
Length of Elements in Car Tuple : 7
|
Program No:5A
File Name: OPERATIONS OF SETS
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To Implement operations in a set using Components of a Language as example.
Program:
L1 = {'Pitch', 'Syllabus', 'Script', 'Grammar', 'Sentences'};
L2 = {'Grammar', 'Syllabus', 'Context', 'Words', 'Phonetics'};
# set union
print("Union of L1 and L2 is ",L1 | L2)
# set intersection
print("Intersection of L1 and L2 is ",L1 & L2)
# set difference
print("Difference of L1 and L2 is ",L1 - L2)
# set symmetric difference
print("Symmetric difference of L1 and L2 is ",L1 ^ L2)
Output:
Union of L1 and L2 is {'Words', 'Pitch', 'Sentences', 'Phonetics', 'Script', 'Grammar',

'Syllabus', 'Context'}
Intersection of L1 and L2 is {'Grammar', 'Syllabus'}
Difference of L1 and L2 is {'Script', 'Pitch', 'Sentences'}
Symmetric difference of L1 and L2 is {'Words', 'Context', 'Script', 'Pitch',
'Sentences', 'Phonetics'}
Program No:6A
File Name: FACTORIAL OF A NUMBER USING FUNCTION
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to find the factorial of a number using functions.
Program:
def fact(n):
if n = = 1:
return n
else:
return n*fact(n1)
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print("The factorial of",num,"is",fact(num))
Output:
Enter a number: 5
The factorial of 5 is 120
|
Program No:6B
File Name: FINDING LARGEST NUMBER IN A LIST USING
Ex. No: FUNCTION
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to find the largest number in a list using functions.
Program:
def myMax(list1):
print("Largest element is:", max(list1))
list1 = []
num = int(input("Enter number of elements in list: "))
for i in range(1, num + 1):
ele = int(input("Enter elements: "))
list1.append(ele)
print("Largest element is:", myMax(list1))
Output:
Enter number of elements in list: 6

Enter elements: 58
Enter elements: 69
Enter elements: 25
Enter elements: 37
Enter elements: 28
Enter elements: 49
Largest element is: 69
Program No:6C
File Name: FINDING AREA OF A CIRCLE USING FUNCTION
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to find the area of a circle using functions.
Program:
def findArea(r):
PI = 3.142
return PI * (r*r);
num=float(input("Enter r value:"))
print("Area is %.6f" % findArea(num));
Output:
Enter r value:8
Area is 201.088000
|
Program No:7A
File Name: REVERSING A STRING
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to reverse a string.
Program:
def reverse(string):
string = "".join(reversed(string))
return string
s = input("Enter any string: ")

print ("The original string is : ",end="")
print (s)
print ("The reversed string(using reversed) is : ",end="")

print (reverse(s))
Output:
Enter any string: Python

The original string is : Python
The reversed string(using reversed) is : nohtyP
Program No:7B
File Name: CHECKING PALINDROME IN A STRING
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to check palindrome in a string.
Program:
string = input("Enter string: ")
string = string.casefold()
rev_string = reversed(string)
if list(string) = = list(rev_string):
print("It is palindrome")
else:
print("It is not palindrome")
Output:
Enter string: Python
It is not palindrome
|
Program No:7C
File Name: COUNTING CHARACTERS IN A STRING
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to count number of characters in a string.
Program:
string = input("Enter any string: ")
char = input("Enter a character to count: ")
val = string.count(char)
print(val,"\n")
Output:
Enter any string: python programming
Enter a character to count: n
2
Program No:7D
File Name:
REPLACE CHARACTERS IN A STRING
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to replace characters in a string.
Program:
string = input("Enter any string: ")

str1 = input("Enter old string: ")
str2 = input("Enter new string: ")
print(string.replace(str1, str2))
Output:
Enter any string: problem solving python programming

Enter old string: python
Enter new string: C
problem solving C programming
INSTALLING AND EXECUTING PYTHON

PROGRAM IN ANACONDA NAVIGATOR
|
(To run pandas, numpy,matplotlib, scipy)
Step 1: Install anaconda individual edition for windows
Step 2: Open Anaconda navigator
Step 3: launch jupyter note book

Step 4:
Click new Python3
|
Step 5: Write or paste the python code
Step 6 : click run

Program No:8A
File Name: PANDAS
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim
To write a python program to compare the elements of the two Pandas Series using
Pandas library.
Sample Series: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10], [1, 3, 5, 7, 10]
Program:
import pandas as pd
ds1 = pd.Series([2, 4, 6, 8, 10])
ds2 = pd.Series([1, 3, 5, 7, 10])
print("Series1:")
print(ds1)
print("Series2:")
print(ds2)
print("Compare the elements of the said Series:")
print("Equals:")
print(ds1 == ds2)
print("Greater than:")
print(ds1 > ds2)
print("Less than:")
print(ds1 < ds2)
|
Output:
Series1:
0 2
1 4
2 6
3 8
4 10
dtype: int64
Series2:
0 1
1 3
2 5
3 7
4 10
dtype: int64
Compare the elements of the said Series:
Equals:
0 False
1 False
2 False
3 False
4 True
dtype: bool
Greater than:
0 True
1 True
2 True
3 True
4 False
dtype: bool
Less than:
0 False
1 False
2 False
3 False
4 False
dtype: bool
Program No:8B
File Name: NUMPY
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a program to test whether none of the elements of a given array is zero
using NumPy library.
Program:
import numpy as np
x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4])
print("Original array:")
print(x)
print("Test if none of the elements of the said array is zero:")
print(np.all(x))
x = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3])
print("Original array:")
print(x)
print("Test if none of the elements of the said array is zero:")
print(np.all(x))
Output:
Original array:
[1 2 3 4]
Test if none of the elements of the said array is zero:
True
Original array:
[0 1 2 3]
Test if none of the elements of the said array is zero:
False
|
Program No:8C
File Name: MATPLOTLIB
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to plot a graph using matplotlib library.
Program:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
xpoints = np.array([0, 6])
ypoints = np.array([0, 250])
plt.plot(xpoints, ypoints)
plt.show()
Output:
Program No:8D
File Name: SCIPY
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to return the specified unit

in seconds (e.g. hour returns 3600.0) using scipy library.
Program:
from scipy import constants

print(constants.minute)
print(constants.hour)
print(constants.day)
print(constants.week)
print(constants.year)
print(constants.Julian_year)
Output:
60.0
3600.0
86400.0
604800.0
31536000.0
31557600.0
|
Program No:9A
File Name: COPY FROM ONE FILE TO ANOTHER
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to copy from one file to another.
Program:
from shutil import copyfile

sourcefile = input("Enter source file name: ")
destinationfile = input("Enter destination file name: ")
copyfile(sourcefile, destinationfile)
print("File copied successfully!")
c = open(destinationfile, "r")
print(c.read())
c.close()
print()
print()
Output:
Enter source file name: file1.txt
Enter destination file name: file2.txt
File copied successfully!
Sunflower
Jasmine
Roses
Program No:9B
File Name: WORD COUNT FROM A FILE
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to count number of words in a file.
Data.txt
A file is a collection of data stored on a secondary storage device like hard disk.
They can be easily retrieved when required. Python supports two types of files. They
are Text files & Binary files.
Program:
file = open("F:\Data.txt", "rt")

data = file.read()
words = data.split()
print('Number of words in text file :', len(words))
Output:
Number of words in text file : 36
|
Program No:9C
File Name: FINDING LONGEST WORD IN A FILE
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to find longest word in a file.
Data.txt
A file is a collection of data stored on a secondary storage device like hard disk.
They can be easily retrieved when required. Python supports two types of files. They
are Text files & Binary files.
Program:
def longest_word(filename):
with open(filename, 'r') as infile:
words = infile.read().split()
max_len = len(max(words, key=len))
return [word for word in words if len(word) == max_len]
print(longest_word('F:\Data.txt'))
Output:
['collection']
Program No:10A
File Name: DIVIDE BY ZERO ERROR USING EXCEPTION
Ex. No: HANDLING
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to handle divide by zero error using exception handling.
Program:
n=int(input("Enter the value of n:"))

d=int(input("Enter the value of d:"))
c=int(input("Enter the value of c:"))
try:
q=n/(d-c)
print("Quotient:",q)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Division by Zero!")
Output:
Enter the value of n:10

Enter the value of d:5
Enter the value of c:5
Division by Zero!
|
Program
No:10B File VOTERS AGE VALIDITY
Name:
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to check voters age validity.
Program:
import datetime
Year_of_birth = int(input("In which year you took birth:- "))
current_year = datetime.datetime.now().year
Current_age = current_year - Year_of_birth
print("Your current age is ",Current_age)
if(Current_age<=18):
print("You are not eligible to vote")
else:
print("You are eligible to vote")
Output:
In which year you took birth:- 1981

Your current age is 40
You are eligible to vote
In which year you took birth:- 2011

Your current age is 10
You are not eligible to vote
Program
No:10C File STUDENT MARK RANGE VALIDATION
Name:
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a python program to perform student mark range validation.
Program:
Mark = int(input("Enter the Mark: "))

if Mark < 0 or Mark > 100:
print("The value is out of range, try again.")
else:
print("The Mark is in the range")
Output:
Enter the Mark: 150

The value is out of range, try again.
Enter the Mark: 98

The Mark is in the range
|
Program No:11
File Name: EXPLORING PYGAME
Ex. No:
Date:
PYGAME INSTALLATION
To Install Pygame Module
Steps
1. Install python 3.6.2 into C:\

2. Go to this link to install pygame www.pygame.org/download.shtml
3. Click
pygame-1.9.3.tar.gz ~ 2M and download zar file
4. Extract the zar file into C:\Python36-32\Scripts folder
5. Open command prompt
6. Type the following command
C:\>py -m pip install pygame --user

Collecting pygame
Downloading pygame-1.9.3-cp36-cp36m-win32.whl (4.0MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 4.0MB

171kB/s
Installing collected packages: pygame

Successfully installed pygame-1.9.3
7. Now, pygame installed successfully
8. To see if it works, run one of the included examples in pygame-1.9.3
 Open command prompt

 Type the following
C:\>cd Python36-32\Scripts\pygame-1.9.3 C:\

Python36-32\Scripts\pygame-1.9.3>cd examples
C:\Python36-32\Scripts\pygame-1.9.3\examples>aliens.py
C:\Python36-32\Scripts\pygame-1.9.3\examples>
|
Program No: 12
File Name:
SIMULATE BOUNCING BALL USING PYGAME
Ex. No:
Date:
Aim:
To write a Python program to bouncing ball in Pygame.
Program:
import pygame
pygame.init()
window_w = 800
window_h = 600
white = (255, 255, 255)

black = (0, 0, 0)
FPS = 120
window = pygame.display.set_mode((window_w, window_h))

pygame.display.set_caption("Game: ")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
def game_loop():
block_size = 20
velocity = [1, 1]
pos_x = window_w/2
pos_y = window_h/2
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():

if event.type ==
pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
quit()
pos_x += velocity[0]
pos_y += velocity[1]
if pos_x + block_size > window_w or pos_x < 0:

velocity[0] = -velocity[0]
if pos_y + block_size > window_h or pos_y < 0:

velocity[1] = -velocity[1]
# DRAW
window.fill(white)
pygame.draw.rect(window, black, [pos_x, pos_y, block_size,
block_size])
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(FPS)
game_loop()
|

R2021 Python Lab

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R2021 Python Lab

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LAB MANUAL

2 Problem Solving & Python Programming Laboratory

c. Counting Characters in a String

 For 0 to 100 units the per unit is ₹ 0/-

< =100 <=200 Units <= 500 >500

Amount = Amount = (100* 0) +

To prepare Retail shop billing flowchart.

BillAmount = cost + cost * tax

i=1; i <=n; i++

Print sum as sine(x)

To find the weight of a steel bar.

To compute electrical current in three phase AC circuit.

Read Vline , Aline

Program No: 2 A PROGRAMS USING SIMPLE STATEMENTS

To write a python program to exchange the values of two variables.

def exchange(x,y): #Function Definition

Before exchange of x,y

After exchange of x,y

To write a python program to calculate the values of N variables.

Circulation 1 = [92, 93, 94, 95, 91]

Circulation 2 = [93, 94, 95, 91, 92]

Circulation 3 = [94, 95, 91, 92, 93]

Circulation 4 = [95, 91, 92, 93, 94]

Circulation 5 = [91, 92, 93, 94, 95]

x1 = int(input("Enter a x1: "))

y1 = int(input("Enter a y1: "))

x2 = int(input("Enter a x2: "))

y2 = int(input("Enter a y2: "))

To write a python program to evaluate 12+22+32+….+N2

n = int(input('Enter a number: '))

for k in range(N,i, –1):

print(" ", end =' ')

print(j, end =' ')

print(l, end =' ')

To write a python program to print number pattern.

n = int(input("Enter the number of rows: "))

for i in range(0, n):

for j in range(0, m):

m = m - 1 # decrementing m after each loop

for j in range(0, i + 1):

# printing full Triangle pyramid using stars

print("* ", end=' ')

Enter the number of rows: 9

To Implement operations in a library list.

# declaring a list of items in a Library

# printing the complete list

# printing first element

print('first element: ',library[0])

# printing fourth element

print('fourth element: ',library[3])

# printing list elements from 0th index to 4th index

print('Items in Library from 0 to 4 index: ',library[0: 5])

# printing list -7th or 3rd element from the list

print('3rd or -7th element: ',library[-7])

# appending an element to the list

print('Library list after append(): ',library)

# finding index of a specified element

print('index of \'Newspaper\': ',library.index('Newspaper'))