Goal Setting

ACHEIVERS II
-K.PRANIT
 INDEX
 INTRODUCTION TO GOAL SETTING

 ABOUT YOUR GOAL

 THE DIFFERENT FIELDS AND OPPURTUNITIESTO BECOME A

ENTERPRENEUR

 COLLEGES IN INDIA AND ABROAD FOR ENTERPRENEURSHIP

 COMPETETIVE EXAMS RELATED TO ENTERPRENEURSHIP

 MOST INSPIRING PEOPLE

 MOTIVATIONAL QUOTES
 MOTIVATIONAL PICTURES

 THE SPECIFIC AND SPECILIZED THINGS ABOUT

ENTERPRENURSHIP

 YOUR ACHEIVMENTS IN 2022

 QS WORLD RANKING
INTRODUCTION TO GOAL SETTING
 Goal setting involves the development of an action plan designed in order to
motivate and guide a person or group toward a goal. Goals are more deliberate
than desires and momentary intentions. Therefore, setting goals means that a
person has committed thought, emotion, and behavior towards attaining the goal.

What is goal-setting and why is it important?

Goal setting is a powerful process for thinking about your ideal future, and for
motivating yourself to turn your vision of this future into reality. The process
of setting goals helps you choose where you want to go in life.

What is goal-setting process?

A goal-setting process involves creating milestones for yourself and building a
strategy to help you stick to achieving these goals. Goal-setting allows you to
identify a new objective, skill or task you'd like to accomplish and establish a clear
path using smaller tasks to help reach your end goal.

What are the 5 reasons goals are important?

5 Reasons Why You Should Set Goals
 Goals Give You Direction. ...
 Goal Setting Helps You Identify What's Important to You. ...
 Setting Goals Helps Us Measure Progress Towards Success. ...
 Goals Help You Stay Motivated. ...
 Setting Goals Keeps You Accountable.
What are the 5 steps to goal setting?
Time Bound.
1. Set Specific Goals. Your goal must be clear and well defined. ...
2. Set Measurable Goals. Include precise amounts, dates, and so on in your goals so
you can measure your degree of success. ...
3. Set Attainable Goals. Make sure that it's possible to achieve the goals you set. ...
4. Set Relevant Goals. ...
5. Set Time-Bound Goals.

What are benefits of goal setting?

Setting goals helps trigger new behaviors, helps guides your focus and helps
you sustain that momentum in life. Goals also help align your focus and promote
a sense of self-mastery. In the end, you can't manage what you don't measure and
you can't improve upon something that you don't properly manage.

How do you achieve your goals?

Practice this and I believe it will help propel you towards the success to which
you aspire:
1. Write down your goal. Get your goal out of your imagination and on to a piece of
paper. ...
2. Set a deadline. ...
3. Work on your mindset. ...
4. Develop your skillset. ...
5. Take the first step. ...
6. Continue to completion. ...
7. Reward yourself.

What is smart goal setting?

What are SMART goals? The SMART in SMART goals stands for Specific,
Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-Bound. Defining these parameters
as they pertain to your goal helps ensure that your objectives are attainable within a
certain time frame.
What is the best goals in life?
Intrinsic Life Goals

Finding and keeping a healthy work-life balance, with time for friends and
family; Living with integrity, being honest and open with others; Inspiring others
through your beliefs and actions; Being a great listener so that others can turn to
you;

What are the advantages and disadvantages of goal setting?

Goals often help people set clear and laid out plans for what they want to
achieve, however it can actually add unnecessary pressure, especially if
someone else has created them. Working under pressure can often bring out
many people's worst performance and isn't a particularly comfortable working
environment.
 WHY IS GOAL SETTING IMPORTANT? Goals help describe success. People
tend to maintain expectations, not surpass them. Thus, expectations or goals should
be challenging, yet within a person’s or group’s grasp. Goals are outside an
individual and sometimes referred to as “hoped for” rewards toward which motives
are directed. Goals create common tasks and processes for a group or individuals.
By having them, a group knows what it has to do and can work together on the
goals.

What is a goal in life?

Life goals are all the things you want to accomplish in your life. Often your life
goals are very meaningful to you and can make a lasting impact on your life. They
can be large and challenging goals, or they can be smaller and more personal. It all
depends on what you want to achieve.

Are goals important?

They're critical for your team's motivation, productivity, and success. Goals also
provide clarity and direction, a sense of purpose, and alignment

What are the characteristics of good goals?

Goals must be challenging, focused, measurable and relevant.

 Goals Must Be Challenging in Order to Be Motivating. ...
 Goals Must Be Focused and Not Overwhelming. ...
 Goals Must Be Objective and Measurable. ...
 Goals Must Be Updated and Kept Relevant Throughout the Year.
 MAIN IDEAOF GOAL SETTING
After controlling for ability, goals that are difficult to achieve and specific tend to
increase performance far more than easy goals, no goals or telling people to do
their best. It therefore follows that the simplest motivational explanation of why
some individuals outperform others is that they have different goals. A goal can be
made more specific by:

 quantification (that is, making it measurable), such as by pursuing "increase

productivity by 50%" instead of "increase productivity",
 enumeration, such as by defining tasks that must be completed to achieve the
goal instead of only defining the goal.
Setting goals can affect outcomes in four ways:
Choice
Goals may narrow someone's attention and direct their efforts toward goal-
relevant activities and away from goal-irrelevant actions.
Effort
Goals may make someone more effortful. For example, if someone usually
produces 4 widgets per hour but wants to produce 6 widgets per hour, then
they may work harder to produce more widgets than without that goal.
Persistence
Goals may make someone more willing to work through setbacks.
Cognition
Goals may cause someone to develop and change their behavior.

SECONDARY IDEAS
GOAL COMMITMENT
People perform better when they are committed to achieving certain
goals. Through an understanding of the effect of goal setting on
individual performance, organizations are able to use goal setting to
benefit organizational performance.In addition, another aspect that
goes with goal commitment is also goal acceptance. This is an
individual's willingness to pursue their specific goal. Locke and
Latham (2002) have indicated three moderators that indicate goal
setting success:
 1. The importance of the expected outcomes of goal attainment,
2. Self-efficacy: one's belief that they are able to achieve their
goals,
3. Commitment to others: promises or engagements to others can
strongly improve commitment.
Expanding the three from above, the level of commitment is
influenced by external factors. Such as the person assigning the goal,
setting the standard for the person to achieve/perform. This
influences the level of commitment by how compliant the individual
is with the one assigning the goal. An external factor can also be the
role models of the individual. For example, say an individual looks
up to their manager and cares about his or her opinion, the individual
is more likely to listen to goal-setting strategies from that individual,
and ultimately become more committed to their desired goal.
Internal factors can derive from their participation level in the work
to achieve the goal. What they expect from themselves can either
flourish their success, or destroy it. Also, the individual may want to
appear superior to their peers or competitors. They want to achieve
the goal the best and be known for it. The self-reward of
accomplishing a goal is usually one of the main keys that keeps
individuals committed. For example, if an individual was working
toward becoming the president of their company, if they achieve their
goal, they could reward themselves with something of importance to
them
Another route individuals can take to set their goals is to follow
(STD) that is, setting their goals to be Specific, Time-bound, and
difficult. Specifically, an individual's goal should be set at the 90th
percentile of difficulty

INTRODUCTION TO GOAL SETTING FOR STUDENTS

Top-level athletes, successful business people and achievers in all fields all set
goals. Setting goals gives you long term vision and short term motivation. It
focuses on acquisition of knowledge, and help you to organise your time and
resources so that you can make the most out of your life. 
By setting sharp, clearly defined goals;
 You can measure and take pride in the achievement of those goals
 You’ll see forward progress in what might previously have seemed a long
pointless grind. 
 You will also build self-confidence as you recognise your own ability in
achieving the goals that you’ve set.

THE PROBLEM WITH GOAL SETTING

One of the most common reasons goals create friction for students is that they are
often binary. This means that there is no room for flexibility, you either achieved
the goal or you didn’t. MTO goal setting method involves setting three sets of
goals to build momentum. 

THE THREE GOALS CAN BE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

Minimum

The minimum which you can be counted on to achieve

Target

What can you realistically achieve given current circumstances )

Outrageous
As the name suggests, your most outrageous goal, importantly you must make sure
 ABOUT YOUR GOAL

MY GOAL IS TO BECOME A ENTREPRENEUR

One of the goals for a businessperson is to create positive experiences for

customers, other than following the norms of buying, selling, and setting a mark
in the market. From polite customer care service to making buyers/clients
comfortable, positive experiences have an endless scope.

14 Goals of Entrepreneurship To Set for Yourself and Business

By Indeed Editorial Team

Updated November 10, 2022 | Published June 16, 2021

The Indeed Editorial Team comprises a diverse and talented team of writers,
researchers and subject matter experts equipped with Indeed's data and insights to
deliver useful tips to help guide your career journey.

Goals are an important element when making decisions for a business or

measuring progress. They are especially important for entrepreneurs who are
starting a business from the beginning. If you're an entrepreneur, you may be
looking for some ideas for the types of goals to set yourself.

In this article, we list 14 common goals of entrepreneurship and why you may want
to set the same goal.

What are entrepreneurship goals?

Entrepreneurship goals are goals set by someone who has started a business. These
goals are either for the business or for the entrepreneur. They give the entrepreneur
something to work toward, which helps them make decisions while they are
creating their business. Specific goals also help an entrepreneur track their
progress.

Are you looking for a job now?

Yes/No
14 goals of entrepreneurship

Here are 14 common goals for entrepreneurs and their businesses:

1. Develop a business plan

A business plan helps an entrepreneur focus their actions and gives them a goal to
work toward. Business plans detail things such as:

 Your business's mission statement

 Your products or services
 Financial information
 Employee information
 Plans for growth

Business plans help entrepreneurs plan out their business before they get started.
This makes it a good first goal for entrepreneurs.

2. Launch your first product

Launching your first product is a major milestone for any entrepreneur. It often
takes many hours of preparation and work to create that first product. It is your
first product that will begin to bring in revenue, an essential element for any new
business. Decide what you want your first product to be, how much you plan to sell
it for and how you're going to sell it.

3. Create an online presence

Regardless of the type of business you're starting, an online presence allows you to
reach more people. An online presence typically includes elements such as a
website, an email contact address and social media activity. A common goal for
entrepreneurs is to establish an online presence early so that they can begin to
attract a wider audience. You can start by creating a website for your new business.

4. Achieve financial stability

Financial stability occurs when a new business is bringing in enough revenue to

support itself. Many entrepreneurs fund their ventures primarily through savings.
Therefore, an ideal goal is to be able to run your business off of the revenue it is
generating rather than using your savings. This is the first step before your
business begins to generate a profit.
5. Hire the right people

Many entrepreneurs have the goal of growing to the point where they need to hire
additional help. This is seen as a sign of strong growth and allows the entrepreneur
to delegate some of their responsibilities. If you're setting goals for your new
business, consider making one of them hiring the right people. This means you're
not only hiring new people for your business, but you're hiring people that will
continue to help the business grow. New hires can also bring their own positive
attributes to the business.

6. Delegate effectively

It's important to not only hire the right people but also delegate your
responsibilities to them effectively. Many entrepreneurs take on too much
responsibility. By delegating key tasks, entrepreneurs can improve the efficiency
of their business and their enjoyment from working for the company.

To delegate effectively, entrepreneurs need to go through each of their current

responsibilities and decide which ones are more suitable for someone else on their
team. They can determine this by analyzing the strengths of their team members
and looking at their past work experience before choosing how to reassign
important tasks.

7. Work with ideal clients

One of the great things about working as an entrepreneur is that you often get to
pick who you work with. However, when you're first starting out, you may be less
judicious about your clients in order to generate more revenue. A worthy goal for
entrepreneurs is to get to the point where they can work only with their ideal
clients. For example, they can choose to work on projects that interest them the
most or with companies that have similar values. Working with your ideal clients
often makes work more enjoyable and rewarding.

8. Connect with like-minded individuals

Some entrepreneurs who primarily work alone often seek out connections to other
entrepreneurs. Developing a network with like-minded individuals provides
entrepreneurs with a few benefits. First, it gives you people to communicate with
who also have a passion for building their own business. Second, you can receive
feedback and advice from this network and use it to improve your new business.
It's for this reason that some entrepreneurs make it a goal to meet new people who
also have an interest in entrepreneurship.

9. Establish a brand identity

A brand identity is the visible elements of your business that provide a specific
feeling or impression in an audience's mind. Establishing a specific brand identity
allows a new business to differentiate itself from other businesses in the same
market. Entrepreneurs first identify the visible elements of their business that they
want to control, such as its color scheme, logo and tone of voice. Then they modify
these elements to better represent the desired brand image and continue to do so
until their brand's identity is firmly established within their audience.

10. Implement a marketing strategy

A strong marketing strategy helps a business grow its reach and sell its products.
Every new business uses a marketing strategy in order to grow. The design and
implementation of a marketing strategy, therefore, becomes an early goal common
for entrepreneurs. The launching of an email marketing campaign or social media
advertising campaign is a significant milestone for a young company.

11. Find a healthy work-life balance

Another important milestone for entrepreneurs is when they are able to have a
healthy balance between the amount of time they spend on work and free time.
When first starting out, many entrepreneurs lack free time because they are
spending most of it working on their business. Once they are able to grow their
business to a point where it doesn't need as much attention, the entrepreneur can
take more time to relax.

12. Maintain steady business growth

Entrepreneurs like it when they can predict how much their business will grow
over a certain amount of time. This makes it easier to make decisions for the
business, such as how much they can afford to invest in different areas. It's for this
reason that entrepreneurs will aim to have steady business growth, rather than large
fluctuations from month to month. To do this, they may implement strategies
within the business designed to reduce variations such as standardizing project
management techniques.

13. Focus on personal growth

 Besides focusing on the growth of the business, some entrepreneurs also make it a
goal to focus on personal growth. For example, they may want to learn a new skill
or obtain a new professional certification. Sometimes these skills can directly
benefit the business, such as learning new software, and other times are just for
personal enjoyment, like learning a new language.

14. Research new tools and methods

If an entrepreneur learns of a tool or method that could benefit their business, they
may make it a goal to research it. For example, there may be a new project
management tool for sale or a better way to handle customer service requests. The
entrepreneur researches this new tool or method and determines whether it would
improve their business.

What are the 5 business goals?

Here are five examples of smart goals for small business owners and how you
can set them.
 Financial goals.
 Growth goals.
 Customer goals.
 Employee development goals.
 Social goals.

Examples Of Long-Term Business Goals

First of all, here you will find today’s examples of long-term business goals list for
your consideration:
1. Expand into a new geographic market
 2. Market through a new channel
3. Penetrate a new demographic
4. Broaden product and service offerings
5. Acquire a competitor
6. Expand personnel and facilities
7. Migrate to a new technology platform
8. Put financing sources in place
9. Increase earnings
10.Improve profit margins

LONG-TERM BUSINESS GOALS DEFINITION

First of all, a goal is an outcome you want to achieve. That a person envisions,

plans for, and commits to achieve.
Furthermore, goals can relate to many aspects of our lives. For example,
self-development, career, health, fitness, and personal finance outcomes.
But today, we are talking about goals related to your business.
More specifically, we are talking about long-term goals for a small business. Or,
larger businesses too.
Typically, long-term goals take more planning. And more time to achieve.
Normally, it takes 5 years or more to accomplish a long-term goal.
 Furthermore, long-term goals are more strategic. And they require a vision of what
your business will look like in the distant future.

While ensuring its long-term success, growth, and profitability. As you make the
journey.

Finally, business goals can be non-financial. Or, they can be tied to a specific

financial outcome.

What is simple business goals?

Business goals are a predetermined target that a business or individual plans
to achieve in a set period of time. These goals are often split into short-term goals
and long-term goals. Business goals can be general and high level, or they can
focus on specific measurable actions.

What are some successful goals?

8 Life Goals Ideas
 Become an inspiration to others.
 Master a difficult skill.
 Become a thought leader in your industry.
 Get promoted to an executive role at your company.
 Learn about how to become a millionaire.
 Go on a trip around the world.
 Travel to your dream country.
 Double your personal income.

What are the 10 business ideas?

 Best Small Business Ideas
 Handyman. Image Source. ...
 Woodworker. ...
 Online Dating Consultant. ...
 Sewing and Alteration Specialist. ...
 Freelance Developer. ...
 Personal Trainer. ...
 Freelance Graphic Designer. ...
 Life/ Career Coach.

13 WAYS TO IMPROVE THE SUCCESS OF YOUR SMALL

BUSINESS

 1. Create brand personality.

 2. Develop a strategic business plan, organizational structure, and operational
support systems.
 3. Avoid common mistakes.
 4. Become connected to the community.
 5. Put your employees first.
 6. Don’t just acquire customers, retain them.
 7. Get organized.
 8. Carve out a niche.
 9. Analyze your competitors.
 10. Protect your cash flow.
 11. Obtain credit availability and management.
 12. Get street cred.
 13. Know what you stand for.
1. Create brand personality.

Unlike enterprise-level businesses, you don’t have the resources to have a “face” of
your small business. You actually have something better…you.

I know what you’re thinking. How can you compete with charismatic and well-
known personalities? Well, just be yourself. That what your customers want.

They want someone they can connect and engage with because you’re real. Your
authenticity, heart, values, and vision are what separates you from other small
business owners. That can actually be the greater resource that you possess.

Simply put, build your brand’s personality by putting more “you” into your
business. The easiest way to do this is just to be yourself when you write a blog
post, film an instructional video, or speak at an industry event. Share your vision
and values in your “About Page” or write an editorial that explains why you started
your business.

2. Develop a strategic business plan, organizational structure, and operational

support systems.

Compared to building your brand, this isn’t as exciting. But, these procedures can
make or break your small business.

 As explained by Robert A. Norman on Business Know-How, a

strategic business plan is the blueprint of your business that describes
your business concept, philosophy, and mission.
 An Organizational Structure is the policies and procedures that ensure
your business is a well-oiled machine, such as job responsibilities and
discipline.
 Operational Support Systems can relieve management from day to day
routine activities, like scheduling meetings or tracking cash flow. This
allows you to focus on tasks that can grow your small business.
These three factors will provide you with a clear understanding of your company’s
processes and making sure you have the right systems in place. As Dr. W. Edwards
Deming said, “85 percent of the reasons for failure to meet customer expectations
are related to deficiencies in systems and processes — rather than the employee.”

3. Avoid common mistakes.

One of the best ways to increase your chances of succeeding is by learning from
other’s mistakes. And, here are five of the more common mistakes small business
owners makes:

 You overestimate demand for your product or service. Let’s say that
you still receive DVD’s in the mail from Netflix. Just because you can’t
let go of this now-outdated technology, doesn’t mean that starting a
DVD rental business will work. Between Redbox and streaming
services your chances of survival would be slim-to-none. Vet your ideas
to your friends and family or conduct some primarily market research.
 Entering a competitive market. On one hand, at least you know there’s a
demand. On the other hand, the market may be oversaturated. The only
way this works is if you have a distinct competitive edge.
 Not taking into account overlooked costs. Expenses like your salary and
purchasing an office and equipment are obvious. But there are plenty
of overlooked costs when starting a business, such as these 25. Not
factoring these expenses could lead to not utilizing your resources or
throwing your budget out-of-whack buying things you don’t need.
 Not planning for profitability. If you want to succeed, then you have to
know your profit model. This means being aware of your gross margin
on sales, net margin, and how much you need to make to break even.
These numbers based on KPIs will let you know how your business is
actually performing.

4. Become connected to the community.

Customers love supporting local businesses. After all, when they support a local
small business they receive benefits like improving the local economy. Knowing
the people behind the product or service leads to better customer service, and a
more personalized experience. Furthermore, supporting local businesses keeps the
community unique.

As a small business owner, you should look for opportunities to give back through
volunteerism, hosting a fundraising drive, or sponsoring a non-profit organization.
Attend local events and just engage community by soliciting feedback or
highlighting your loyal customers. In other words, get involved with the
community and watch your business thrive.

5. Put your employees first.

“Your employees are important, because it is their skills that keep your machine
running,” says Gary Vaynerchuk. By putting employee happiness and well-being
before anything, Vaynerchuk has been able to scale up his businesses and “build
committed teams as we continue to innovate.”

Gary, like most excellent leaders, builds real relationships with his employees, as
well as encourages a work-life balance. For my businesses, I only have remote
teams. This provides them with autonomy and flexibility. Also I motivate them by
congratulating them on jobs well executed, trust building, and showing my team
that there’s  a great purpose to the work that they contribute.

Regardless of how you put your employees first, they’ll be your biggest advocates,
while also growing your business at a faster rate.

6. Don’t just acquire customers, retain them.

Your customers are the lifeblood of your business. As such, you need to acquire
and retain them by:

 Advertising your goods or services to your target audience via local

newspapers, TV/radio, ads, direct mail, trade publications, directory ads,
internet listings, event or charity events, or co-op ads with suppliers.
 Promotions and premiums like discount coupons, free trials, or
promotional swag.
 Referral programs where existing receive an incentive for referring your
business to someone else.
 Providing top-notch customer service.
 Building a brand that customers want to support — think Apple.

7. Get organized.

By being organized you’re more likely to complete tasks and stay on-top of
everything that needs to be done. A great place to start is by creating a daily to-do-
list. These are your most important tasks that you cross-off once they are
completed. It’s a simple and effective way to stay focused and ensure that you
aren’t forgetting anything.

8. Carve out a niche.

Want to get ahead of the competition? Then become an expert on a specialized
topic and target a niche within an established industry. Sound complicated? You
can get started by:

 Defining your industry or knowledge base.

 Breaking a broad market into a more specific niche.
 Put your speciality to the test by using the SPAN method (Subtopics,
Pain, Attainable, Numbers).
 Becoming an educator and advocate in your niche through content.
 Get your content in front of new people, like writing guests posts.

9. Analyze your competitors.

This isn’t a shady business practice. It’s actually used by most businesses in order
to improve your small business. This is because studying your competitors gives
you a chance to see where their weaknesses are and what they’re doing better than
you.

With this knowledge you can focus more on your strengths or how to improve the
market or industry.

10. Protect your cash flow.

According to findings from “In Search of Solid Ground: Understanding the

Financial Vulnerabilities of Microbusiness Owners,” the real-secret to small
business success is “the owners’ discipline in managing their personal finances and
business cash flow.

If you want to ensure that your business has a positive cash flow, take the
following measures:

 Adjust your expenses.

 Accelerate receivables collections.
 Extend your payables schedule.
 Adjust inventory levels.
 Obtain a bridge loan when you need immediate cash flow.
Generate a cash flow plan for the next six-to eight weeks so that you can address
any cash flow issues before they become an issue.

11. Obtain credit availability and management.

 In a perfect world, you wouldn’t want to take out a line of credit. However, there
will be times when you will need obtain a line of credit for your small business,
like when you need to bridge a short-term gap between receivables and payables
because of seasonality, inventory enlargement, or business growth. Sometimes
there’s an emergency, such as equipment breaking, where you don’t have the cash-
on-hand to replace it.

Whatever the situation, it’s imperative that you are able to obtain credit when you
need it. Additionally, when you have a good credit you can receive more favorable
payment terms, provide a payables float, and get set up with new vendors.

12. Get street cred.

The success of your small business goes back to being a part of the community.
After all, when you enter a new geographic market it’s had to win-over established
businesses in the area. On top of becoming active in the community, also use
tactics like testimonials, word-of-recommendations, certifications, and professional
presentations to earn credibility.

13. Know what you stand for.

Blake Mycoskie, the founder of TOMS, once said, “The easier it is for someone to
understand who you are and what you stand for, the easier it will be for that person
to spread the word to others.”

Take TOMS as an example. The idea is incredibly simple. Whenever you make a
purchase, the company will help someone in need. You know who they are, what
they stand for, and what they do.

From the get-go figure out what you stand for and tell your story so that it’s easy
for you customers to remember and share. Again, this all goes back to building
your brand.

QUOTES

 “The best way to predict the future is to create it.” ...

 “Winners never quit and quitters never win.” ...
 "Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. ...
THE DIFFERENT FIELDS AND OPPURTUNITIES TO BECOME AN
ENTREPRENEUR

Jobs That Can Help You Start A Career In Entrepreneurship

By Indeed Editorial Team

Published 3 January 2022

The Indeed Editorial Team comprises a diverse and talented team of writers,
researchers and subject matter experts equipped with Indeed's data and insights to
deliver useful tips to help guide your career journey.

Successful entrepreneurs often work in several job roles to gain varied skills before
starting their own ventures. Typical jobs for entrepreneurs include business
development, technology, marketing, and management roles. Most entrepreneurs
pursue careers in industries where they want to start a company. In this article, we
define entrepreneurship, share the skills entrepreneurs require to be successful and
discuss a few jobs that can help you start a career in entrepreneurship.

Jobs to help build a career in entrepreneurship

Someone who pursues a career in entrepreneurship is someone who starts their

own business. The business may be a part of a franchise, or they may create an
entirely new company. Entrepreneurs may work as part of a team or operate
independently. Many people want to become an entrepreneur because the career
comes with respect and flexibility, and if you achieve success, the rewards can be
very lucrative. Experts also believe that entrepreneurship is an essential part of the
economy because of its ability to introduce new ideas and goods to the market.

Here are a few jobs that can provide valuable experience and skills for aspiring
entrepreneurs:

1. Social media manager

National average salary: ₹21,390 per month

Primary duties: Social media managers oversee a company or brand's social
media activities and engagement. They may create and implement campaigns to
increase the brand's exposure and interact with customers through social media
platforms. This is an excellent job for entrepreneurs as it provides valuable social
media skills and general marketing experience.

2. Public relations manager

National average salary: ₹26,887 per month

Primary duties: Public relations, or PR, managers oversee a company's public

image. They may do this by managing the public perception of a company,
communicating with media and completing other tasks that involve promoting a
positive image of the business. Experience in a PR position can provide
entrepreneurs with insights into how to manage the public image of their own
company in the future.

3. Appraiser

National average salary: ₹16,372 per month

Primary duties: Real estate appraisers determine and report on a property's value.

They prepare reports, fill out legal paperwork and collect and analyse various data
related to real estate. This position offers excellent networking opportunities for
entrepreneurs among investors and provides experience in the valuation of
property and assets.

4. Financial advisor

National average salary: ₹21,666 per month

Primary duties: Financial advisors provide guidance to people who want to invest

and grow their finances. They assess their clients' financial goals and advise how to
achieve them. A job as a financial advisor can equip aspiring entrepreneurs with
communication, problem-solving and financial management skills.

5. Marketing manager

National average salary: ₹24,778 per month

Primary duties: Marketing managers develop and oversee the execution of
marketing strategies for brands and businesses. These professionals primarily
implement marketing tactics to attract new clients and retain current customers.
Entrepreneurs often require unique and powerful marketing strategies to advertise
their businesses, so a job as a marketing manager can be an excellent way to gain
experience in professional marketing.

6. Web developer

National average salary: ₹16,622 per month

Primary duties: Web developers create the design, layout and functionality of

websites and web applications. They use programming languages like HTML and
CSS to develop user-friendly web pages based on the client's requirements. Nearly
every company relies on technology to run and manage its business operations.
Working as a web developer can offer a chance to get valuable technology skills
that can help your career as an entrepreneur.

7. Sales manager

National average salary: ₹26,377 per month

Primary duties: Sales managers oversee sales teams and provide guidance to

ensure that the team meets their sales goals. A sales manager may also help set
sales goals, analyse sales data and trends and delegate various sales tasks, such as
assigning certain sales territories to team members. A position as a sales manager
provides experience in generating sales, setting and achieving goals and managing
a team.

8. Systems analyst

National average salary: ₹6,08,095 per year

Primary duties: A systems analyst assesses a company's software and other IT

requirements. They may introduce new software or hardware systems to improve a
company's current systems. This job provides extensive IT experience and can help
entrepreneurs who plan to start digital or IT-based service companies in the future.

9. Construction manager

National average salary: ₹62,742 per month

Primary duties: Construction managers oversee construction projects from
conceptualisation to allotment. They manage construction teams, develop
schedules and supervise the budget. They also ensure that construction teams meet
all the regulations and that the project completion happens according to the
designated timeline. This position can provide valuable insight into management
and social skills for entrepreneurs.

10. Management analyst

National average salary: ₹4,29,883 per year

Primary duties: Management analysts develop and implement various procedures

and systems to improve a company's management and operations. They may
develop manuals, perform studies, collect data and introduce new ways of
performing tasks to increase productivity within a workplace. This job provides
ample experience in management, which is crucial for most entrepreneurs.

Skills of a successful entrepreneur

Entrepreneurs require a unique set of skills to be successful, which may include:

Time management skills

Entrepreneurs oversee multiple aspects and processes of their business. From

project management to design to development, entrepreneurs often handle several
tasks simultaneously and require strong time management skills to finish on time.
Prioritising different tasks and managing them in the most efficient manner is vital
for an entrepreneur.

Networking skills

Networking helps you grow your business opportunities, find high-quality

employees and even secure partnerships. Plus, networking may help advertise your
business, which is key to increasing awareness and ultimately revenue. Networking
can also help in securing funding opportunities for your business.

Sales skills
All business performance depends on the performance of the sales team and
professionals. Knowing how to promote and secure deals effectively is an integral
part of being an entrepreneur. From knowing which sales channels to utilise to
implementing sales funnels, sales skills help entrepreneurs become more
profitable. Thus, sales skills can be critical for aspiring entrepreneurs.

Communication skills

Entrepreneurs communicate with various people, including contractors, employees,

clients, investors and partners. Strong written and verbal communication skills are
often necessary for succeeding as entrepreneurs. Excellent communication skills
can also be helpful when pitching your ideas to prospective investors or handling
grievances from your customers.

Finance skills

Entrepreneurs are usually responsible for all financial aspects of their business,
particularly in the initial phase of their business operations. This means having
strong financial skills like financial reporting, financial analysis and risk
management skills can be important to sustain your business. Having
comprehensive financial knowledge can help you make well-informed financial
decisions for your business.

Training and education required to become an entrepreneur

You do not need any one specific training or education to be an entrepreneur.

Anyone can start a business with minimal or no prior training or education. A
Bachelor's degree in business administration or business management can be
beneficial for entrepreneurs. These degrees provide an overview of starting and
managing a business. You may also consider education or training focussing
specifically on the industry subjects you wish to start a business in.

Advantages of becoming an entrepreneur

Following are some advantages of being an entrepreneur:

Flexible working hours

As an entrepreneur, you get to set your own working hours. While you may have to
work longer hours in the initial phase of your business, if you succeed, you can
strive to maintain a much better work-life balance. This also necessitates that you
have good time management skills and discipline to manage your responsibilities
properly.

Contribution to employment generation

One of the most significant benefits of being an entrepreneur is that you get an
opportunity to provide employment opportunities to others. This means you could
give jobs to people in your community and be a real contributor to the growth and
development of society. If your business becomes successful, you may be able to
impact many people's lives positively.

Furthering innovation

As an entrepreneur, you also get an opportunity to innovate. You are free to make
your own strategy, work on unique products and find creative solutions to
challenges. This gives you the opportunity to bring new products and services to
market and contribute to the betterment of the industry as a whole.

How can I become an entrepreneur?

Starting a career in entrepreneurship involves a mix of formal education, hands-on

training, and professional experience. However, keep in mind that even passionate,
intelligent, and well-trained entrepreneurs do not always succeed due to economic
forces beyond their control.

Is entrepreneurship a good career?

Entrepreneurs -- especially those who start a brand new business -- take on a
challenging job with extreme risk. However, succeeding in entrepreneurship can
result in ample career satisfaction and a lucrative salary.

25 Job Ideas for Future Entrepreneurs

By Indeed Editorial Team

Published March 9, 2021

The Indeed Editorial Team comprises a diverse and talented team of writers,
researchers and subject matter experts equipped with Indeed's data and insights to
deliver useful tips to help guide your career journey.

Successful entrepreneurs can come from any background. Although there isn't one
specific career path for a prospective entrepreneur, many choose to work in certain
fields where their expertise is easily transferred to the work necessary to start a
new business. In this article, we describe jobs in multiple industries that can serve
as a good beginning for an entrepreneur.

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What are entrepreneurial careers?

Entrepreneurial careers are jobs that can give you the experience and skills that
help prepare you to start your own business or develop your own product. Certain
careers can offer more training in the abilities and qualities necessary to take on the
challenge of starting a business. Some professions like law make it easier to
become an entrepreneur by starting your own business within your field of
expertise. Other careers help you develop as a future entrepreneur by offering
practice in business skills, management and product design.
Business careers for entrepreneurs

Many people associate the term "entrepreneur" with an experienced business

professional whose expertise helps them start a successful company of their own.
Working in the business and financial sector can prepare you to develop a new
company structure and secure monetary resources to create a successful startup.

Here are some suggestions for careers that can give you the business savvy that can
help you prepare for a future as an entrepreneur:

 Financial manager: A financial manager is responsible for analyzing the

monetary resources of a company including investments, profits and costs.
They advise senior management regarding financial decisions by creating
reports and strategizing corporate investment activities. Understanding the
value of company resources can help you plan for your own startup
company.
 Business development manager: Business development managers act as a
bridge between various departments to determine the ways a company can
increase revenue and grow a customer base. They initiate business plans to
develop new opportunities like reaching new markets, cultivating leads and
creating sales initiatives. Business development is a key part of
entrepreneurial work.
 Financial analyst: Financial analysts help companies make investment
choices based on predictions of market trends. They are involved in the
buying and selling of stocks and other funds. They also create complex
financial reports for executive management. Working as a financial analyst
can prepare you to make decisions about investments for your own business.
 Chief executive officer: A chief executive officer oversees the strategic
operations of a company. CEOs set a vision for the company by studying
thought leaders and changes in business trends. Entrepreneurs often work as
the CEO for their own company or hire a competent leader to run the
business once they gain industry experience.
 Financial advisor: A financial advisor manages their own clients, serving
as a guide and coach for both business and individuals who need assistance
in managing their monetary resources. Financial advisors often act in an
entrepreneurial capacity by setting up their own financial advising business
as a freelance agent.

Media careers for entrepreneurs

A career in the media industry can help you gain entrepreneurial skills and
experience as you prepare creative products, communicate ideas and share work
with an audience. Here are some career ideas from the media industry for aspiring
entrepreneurs:

 Blogger: A blogger creates original written content for professional clients

or for personal expression. Bloggers write with a specific audience in mind.
They often use tools like search engine keywords to help guide their writing
choices and build an audience to attract advertisers. As an influencer, a
blogger can form partnerships with businesses as they create their own
brand.
 Freelance writer: Freelance writers take on writing projects and manage
their own career by finding clients who need writing services. They can
write for a niche area within an industry or choose writing tasks from any
field by researching each topic.
 Graphic designer: A graphic designer creates original graphic content for a
business or as a freelance professional. Businesses hire graphic design
professionals for digital content, advertising, product packaging and print
materials. Graphic designers use creative marketing skills to help businesses
reach consumers.
 Photographer: A photographer often works as a freelance professional,
booking clients and managing their own business operations. Professional
photographers who work for the events business often hire assistants and
help coordinate weddings or other celebrations. Photographers also work as
journalists, providing photographic content for news outlets and social
media.
 Public relations specialist: Entrepreneurs can practice building
relationships with the press and public officials as a PR specialist. Public
relations professionals use communication skills to manage the affairs of an
organization.

Sales and marketing careers for entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurs need sales and marketing skills to build their own brand and
establish an online presence for their new business. Below are several career
opportunities for prospective entrepreneurs to work in the sales and marketing
sector:

 Sales representative: Sales representatives work in different industries to

sell products and services. They also find and pursue leads to bring in new
 clients with the goal of increasing revenue through sales. Entrepreneurs with
a sales background get experience in the challenging skill of "cold calling"
which means approaching unknown customers in an attempt to sell a
product or service.
 Sales manager: A sales manager oversees other sales agents and sets goals
for selling. They may coordinate with executive management to set a team
vision for sales strategies or make plans to expand into new markets.
Entrepreneurs use sales and management skills to run their own business.
 Marketing director: Marketing initiatives can drive sales and help brands
reach larger audiences. As a marketing director, prospective entrepreneurs
can work to develop the techniques they'll need to promote a business to
audiences across target markets.
 Advertising executive: Advertising executives make decisions that affect
how a brand is promoted to consumers. They are responsible for developing
campaigns that reach millions of potential customers. Advertising executives
also negotiate contracts with the media to purchase ad space online or
through media programming. Many of these skills are applicable to
managing a startup brand as an entrepreneur.
 Social media specialist: Since business is often conducted through online
platforms, social media plays a role in how a company interacts with
consumers and fellow businesses. Social media specialists create and
moderate online content for a company's social media accounts. They may
interact with users to provide customer service support or post engaging
content. An entrepreneur can use social media expertise to help build their
own brand across various online channels.

Technology careers for entrepreneurs

Technological startup companies are led by entrepreneurs who often come from an
information technology background. Here are some jobs where an entrepreneur can
start their career in the technology industry:

 Computer and information systems manager: A computer systems

manager supervises all the computer related activities of a business. They
make decisions about software and hardware installation and oversee
security processes for all technology. Technical management training can be
a valuable skill for entrepreneurs.
 User experience designer: User experience (UX) designers plan how a user
interacts with a software interface. They combine artistic principles with
technology to create a specific interaction for users as they engage with a
 software program. Entrepreneurs who come from a UX background can
combine their creativity with technological expertise to implement new
product ideas.
 Computer engineer: A computer engineer designs hardware and software
for computers. They are responsible for developing plans and models and
testing a product throughout the design process, something entrepreneurs
may need to do for their own designs.
 Software developer: Software developers create the code necessary for a
software program to operate. They also act as analysts for existing software
programs, issuing updates and fixing any problems to improve a product.
Entrepreneurs from the tech sector often start as developers who generate
their own software concepts.
 Technical director: A technical director oversees all technology use within
a company. Their managerial duties and advisory role to executives make
this career a valuable role for prospective entrepreneurs.

More careers for entrepreneurs

Although an entrepreneur can come from any background, certain careers help
prepare you to be successful if desire to create your own business or product. Here
are more jobs that can help you transition to a career as an entrepreneur:

 Product manager: When a company develops something new, product

managers oversee this process from initial concept to finished item. Many
entrepreneurs start a successful business by working to make an idea into a
real product. With experience as a product manager, entrepreneurs can easily
use this knowledge to build their own concepts.
 Real estate broker: A real estate broker is an agent who undergoes
additional training, earning the right to run their own real estate firm. These
real estate entrepreneurs oversee their own team of agents. They also
develop a deep knowledge of real estate law and regulations and are
responsible for ensuring the professional integrity of other agents.
 Lawyer: Lawyers can become entrepreneurs by opening their own law firm,
using business skills and professional expertise to attract clients. Lawyers
who run their own firm must market themselves as successful professionals
who help clients through legal challenges.
 Private duty nurse: Private duty nurses provide in-home health care
services for clients, often as independent contractors. These nursing
entrepreneurs assist patients with long-term illnesses or those released from
 a medical facility who still need ongoing care. They build a client base
through referrals or by working with a staffing agency.
 Project manager: Project managers create the timeline and assign roles and
duties for tasks. They delegate responsibilities to team members and set a
budget. Project managing is something entrepreneurs often need to do for
their own concepts or products.

Are you looking for a job now?

YesNo

Tips for becoming an entrepreneur

Here are some ideas to help you become an entrepreneur:

Invest in your passion

Know what inspires and excites you and use your passions to create a product or
service that relates to what you enjoy. That way, you'll be more motivated to build
a business that matches what you love to do. Investing in a product you are
passionate about means you are more likely to share that excitement with investors,
clients and business partners.

Be willing to take risks

Starting something new always involves risk. Starting a business means a lot of
unknown outcomes. Successful entrepreneurs acknowledge risk but overcome
uncertainty by not giving up on their ideas, even after failure or setbacks.

Collaborate

Even entrepreneurs who possess multiple talents like business savvy and technical
expertise need help developing a new idea and starting a business. Working with a
network of professionals is an essential part of entrepreneurship.

As you start creating a product or preparing to sell a service, network with other
professionals in different industries through events, organizations and online
platforms. Then contract with talented individuals to develop your business.

Make a business plan

Entrepreneurship means creating a new business from an idea. To do this, you'll
need a clear plan of action with goals and specific steps to reach each objective.
Many entrepreneurs don't come from a business background. They work with
professionals who can help them create a business plan that will give direction for
the new brand.

Identify your strengths and weaknesses

Even the most successful entrepreneurs recognize their own limitations and
strongest abilities. Once you honestly assess what you can do, you'll be able to find
business partners to compliment your strengths and weaknesses so you can lead
others in launching a new product or service. Entrepreneurs provide the vision and
concept for a new brand, engaging other professionals to help turn their ideas into a
reality.

COLLEGES IN INDIA AND ABROAD FOR

ENTREPRENEURSHIP STUDENTS

9 Best Countries to Get a Business Education

Looking for a great business education? Try one of these global schools.

An MBA is a proven way to demonstrate your grasp of the best management

theories and practices to future employers. You benefit from invaluable on-the-job
experience as you work alongside leaders in real-life businesses. 

Although some think that MBAs are not as prestigious as they once were, the
number of high-paying jobs that require an MBA suggest those fears are
unfounded. So, if you’re thinking of going to a business school, here are nine of
the best countries to consider.

Top business schools around the world

Every year, the Financial Times of London lists its top 100 business schools.
Factors considered in ranking include an ESG rating, the percentage of graduates
employed within three months post-graduation and weighted salary three years
after graduation. The publication conducts assessments every other year.
Did you know? The first-ever MBA course took place at Harvard University
Graduate School of Administration in 1908. Forty-seven students became the first
graduates.

1. United States

Half of the top 100 business schools are located in the United States, the best of
which are mixes of private and public academic institutions.

The U.S. is home to the following renowned Ivy League business schools: [Read
related article: 5 Books Ivy Leaguers Read Getting an MBA.]

 The Wharton School ($237,530). Located in Philadelphia and part of the

University of Pennsylvania, the Wharton School offers a BS in Economics
as well as MBA/EMBA and Ph.D. programs.
 Columbia Business School ($218,542). Part of Columbia University and
based in New York, this program offers MBA/EMBA, Ph.D., MS, and
MPhil qualifications.
 Harvard Business School ($207,180). Enroll in full-time MBA, Ph.D. and
any of several executive education programs at the graduate business school
of the world-famous Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
 Yale School of Management ($190,941). The Yale School of Management
at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut offers MBA/EMBA, Ph.D.,
executive education and joint degree programs.
 Tuck School of Business ($188,784). The business school of Dartmouth
College in Hanover, New Hampshire offers an MBA and an advanced
management program for executives.
 Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management
($181,821). One of Cornell University’s three famous business schools in
Ithaca, New York, this college offers MBA/EMBA and Ph.D. programs.

These are the top 10 US business schools, by weighted salary, that are not in the
Ivy League: 

 Stanford Graduate School of Business ($218,805)

 University of California at Berkeley: Haas ($207,853)
 Northwestern University, Kellogg School of Management ($201,455)
 University of Chicago: Booth ($199,046)
 MIT: Sloan ($193,297)
 New York University: Stern ($192,188)
 Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business ($182,777)
  University of Virginia: Darden ($182,174)
 University of Southern California: Marshall ($179,095)
 Carnegie Mellon: Tepper ($178,194)

2. United Kingdom

Nine British universities finish in the FT’s Top 100 Business schools. Four British
universities also finish in Bloomberg’s European B-Schools Ranking list: London
in fourth, Judge at Cambridge in eighth, Saïd at Oxford in ninth and Imperial
College at 15th. The London Business School was the first European academic
institution to rank at top of the global MBA ranking in 2009.

Here are the top business schools in the UK:

 London Business School ($174,106)

 University of Cambridge: Judge ($165,667)
 University of Oxford: Saïd ($150,226)
 Imperial College Business School ($138,865)
 City, University of London: Bayes (formerly Cass) ($132,782)
 Warwick Business School ($129,191)
 Alliance Manchester Business School ($128,529)
 Lancaster University Management School ($110,094)
 Durham University Business School ($101,326)

3. China

Befitting its status as the world’s second-largest economy, Chinese business

schools have begun to appear in greater numbers on top business school lists.
China currently has six institutions named in the list.

The top business schools in China are as follows:

 CEIBS (China Europe International Business School) ($174,890)

 Tsinghua University School of Economics and Management ($158,952)
 Peking University: Guanghua School of Management ($156,488)
 Tongji University School of Economics and Management ($145,204)
 Fudan University School of Management ($136,709)
 Shanghai Jiao Tong University: Antai ($133,960)

Top scorer CEIBS is a joint venture between the Chinese government and the
European Union. In addition to making the Financial Times of London list, it also
finishes in the top five of equivalent Bloomberg Businessweek and Forbes polls.
The university recently attracted negative attention with the publication of the 11-
part CEIBS diaries detailing the unpleasant experiences of its overseas students.

4. India

The top business schools in India are listed below:

 Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad ($185,001)

 Indian Institute of Management Calcutta ($163,687)
 Indian Institute of Management Bangalore ($161,013)
 Indian School of Business ($158,749)

The Indian Institute of Management at Ahmedabad has been given the status of an
Institute of National Importance by the country’s Ministry of Human Resources.
It’s also home to the well-regarded Centre for Innovation, Incubation &
Entrepreneurship.

5. France

These are top business schools in France:

 HEC Paris ($165,558)
 Edhec Business School ($120,110)
 Essec Business School ($117,754)
 EMLyon Business School ($99,987)

HEC limits the number of students it takes on each year for its 16-month MBA
course to 300. Edhec has domestic campuses in Lille, Nice and Paris, with
international campuses in London and Singapore. 

6. Canada

These are the top business schools in Canada:

 Western University: Ivey ($113,394)

 University of Toronto: Rotman ($107,823)
 Queen’s University: Smith ($103,126)
 McGill University: Desautels ($99,002)
The Ivey Business School is also very highly ranked by Bloomberg Businessweek,
the Wall Street Journal and the Economist. The college also gives its name to the
Ivey Purchasing Managers Index (IPMI), which it operates in association with the
Purchasing Management Association of Canada.

7. Singapore

The top business schools in Singapore are below:

 National University of Singapore Business School ($159,877)

 Nanyang Business School, NTU Singapore ($133,948)
 Singapore Management University: Lee Kong Chian ($121,907)

The National University of Singapore Business School is the best-rated

Singaporean institution on Bloomberg’s list of Asia-Pacific business schools. It
ranks fourth overall, behind the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,
Hong Kong’s HKUST Business School and China’s CEIBS.

8. Hong Kong

Below are the top business schools in Hong Kong:

 HKUST Business School ($146,246)

 HKU Business School ($129,149)
 CUHK Business School ($127,903)

The HKUST School of Business and Management offers full-time MBA courses
and Executive Education programs. It’s also part of the prestigious The Hong
Kong University of Science and Technology. 

HKUST’s Executive MBA program is delivered in partnership with Kellogg

School of Management. Qualifications are also accredited to both the European
Quality Improvement System (EQUIS) and the Association to Advance Collegiate
Schools of Business (AACSB International).

9. Germany

These are the top business schools in Germany:

 Mannheim Business School ($129,606)

 ESMT Berlin ($118,110)
  WHU – Otto Beisheim School of Management ($117,488)

The Mannheim Business School offers four MBA programs: the Mannheim &
Tongji Executive MBA, the ESSEC & Mannheim Executive MBA, the Mannheim
Executive MBA and the Mannheim Master of Business Administration. Class size
is limited to 60 for the full-time MBA course.

Some top business schools can be found in several locations. Insead (186,784), for
instance, has campuses in France, Singapore, San Francisco and Abu Dhabi. ESCP
Business School (118,273) is also an institution with several campuses, including
France, Germany, Spain and Italy.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEGREES ABROAD

Entrepreneurship is a business focussed degree program that aims to help you
develop an entrepreneurial mindset and give the skills needed to start or run a
successful business. You’ll develop a deep understanding of a range of subjects
like business, management, marketing, strategy and leadership.

This is an ideal program for innovative and creative students who have a passion
for creating value. An entrepreneurship program is a great way to build up and
explore your ideas, and expand your business network while learning business
skills and theory.

As an international student, you will have the opportunity to study

entrepreneurship in countries like the US, Australia, Switzerland and Canada. By
studying abroad you’ll get to experience a new culture, and broaden your
knowledge by learning about how another country approaches entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship program structure

You can study entrepreneurship at most degree levels including undergraduate and
postgraduate. As an undergraduate you can study a bachelor’s as a BA or BSc,
depending on the program and university you choose.

Entrepreneurship is a popular joint-honors degree, which means you study it

alongside another subject, like marketing, business or engineering.
 If you study in the US, you will usually choose entrepreneurship as your major
along with other minor subjects and general studies. Most bachelor’s programs will
take between three and four years to complete.

At postgraduate level you can study an MSc in entrepreneurship or a related field

over one or two years, or some MBA programs include entrepreneurship modules.
At doctoral level some universities offer PhDs in entrepreneurship, which will
involve at least three years of research.

A lot of your time will be spent in lectures and tutorials, and you’ll also be
expected to do a lot of personal study. Most programs will include time spent in
work placements where you can gain valuable experience and put what you’ve
learned into practice.

The program content and curriculum will be unique to each university and course,
and your program will normally be made up of core modules and electives you can
choose yourself. Here are some of the subjects you can expect to study on an
entrepreneurship program abroad:

 Introduction to entrepreneurship theory

 Organizational management

 Economics and globalization

 Data analytics

 Marketing principles

 Business strategy

 Innovation

 Business start-up

 Networking
Best countries to study entrepreneurship



Which sector is best for entrepreneurs?
5 Promising Sectors for Entrepreneurs and Startups in 2021
 1) E-commerce. ...
 2) Alternative Energy. ...
 3) Online Conversion Specialists. ...
 4) Eco-friendly/Handmade Items. ...
 5) OTT Entertainment

Which state is best for entrepreneurship?

California
1. California: California is consistently ranked as the best state for entrepreneurs.
Though the cost of living in California is high, it has the highest number of
businesses with fewer than 5 employees, highest annual payroll for employees, and
the best survival rate for entrepreneurs.
\
Which subject is best for entrepreneurs?

 Business. One of the biggest advantages of a business degree for entrepreneurs is

upward mobility. ...
 Finance. ...
 Marketing. ...
 Economics. ...
 Communications. ...
 Computer Science. ...
 Environmental Science. ...
 Engineering.
 COMPETETIVE EXAMS RELATED TO ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Popular Entrepreneurship Entrance Exams in India

 GATE. Exam Date: 04 Feb, 2023 - 05 Feb, 2023. ...
 CAT. Exam Date: ...
 MAT. Application Process: 15 Nov, 2022. ...
 CMAT. Dates Application Exam Pattern Syllabus Preparation Tips Admit Card
Result Cutoff.
 CUET. ...
 XAT. ...
 SNAP.

 
 
Around 97% (or 40,000 companies) of local Lebanese businesses are Micro (less
than 10 staff), Small (less than 50 staff) or Medium-Sized (less than 100 staff)
Enterprises (MSMEs). These companies are the pillar of the Lebanese economy as
they provide job opportunities for more than 50% of employees in the private
sector.

Several challenges are facing MSMEs in the region including access to funding,
access to markets, access to talents, access to technology and innovation, access to
transparent regulation, access to better facilities and infrastructure and access to
sound advisory and coaching/mentoring services.

The most critical challenge by far is access to funding sources (grants, debt, semi
equity and equity) as only 2% of the total bank loans goes to MSMEs in the region
and more than 70% of the MSMEs have a tough time becoming bankable and
obtaining badly needed funding sources.

As thousands of MSMEs are in the process of raising debt and/or equity capital
with Business Angels, Venture Capital/Private Equity funds, banks and the pool of
3Fs (Family, Friends and … Fools), one question keeps coming up again and
again….

What Are The Foundation Blocks For Becoming Investment-Ready To Face

Potential Investors And Convince Them To Fund My Venture?
Having advised dozens of companies in their transformation and fundraising
journeys over the past 30 years, I [Constantin Salemeh] have compiled a list of the
following 12Ms to help answer the investment readiness question. Feel free to get
back to me in case you would like to validate your venture’s 12Ms and fine-tune
them to the audience of investors that you are targeting. The better prepared you
are, the more effective you will be in convincing potential investment partners to
join you as shareholders and accelerate your value-creation potential.

12Ms To Help Answer The Investment Readiness Question

 

1. M for a clear, comprehensive and shared Mission

Why do you exist, who are your customers, what benefits are your products or
solutions bringing in addressing the existing pain points of your clients? Your
Mission statement should be concise and impactful creating an emotional link with
your stakeholders (shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers and partners).

2. M for a complete and competent Management team

This dimension is a critical one as most investors invest in people first and want to
make sure that the management team can execute on their value creation plan. You
need to make sure that you have a complete and diversified team with cross-
functional expertise (technology, finance, sales, operations and marketing) who
can work together and overcome the many challenges of the transformation
journey ahead. In case your management team is still not complete, it is
recommended that you surround yourself with an advisory board with expertise
related to your main pain points (validation of your MVP, scaling your venture
geographically, raising equity capital, strengthening your brand equity or hiring
and retaining top talents).

3. M for a proven business Model with a track record of value creation

Your business model describes how you deliver your products/solutions to your
target markets in a cost-efficient way while addressing the needs of your clients
with a clear advantage compared to your key competitors. How scalable is your
business model and what are the possible bottlenecks for consistent scalability?

4. M for an attractive Market with a strong profitable revenue growth

potential
How large is your market, what are the barriers to market entry, how fast is your
market growing, how do you segment your market and select your target
segments? What are the profit margins (gross profit and operating profit) that you
can generate in your target markets and sustain them over the next few years?

5. M for a differentiated Mantra and customer value proposition

This is another critical dimension as investors are always looking for innovative or
disruptive products with a clear competitive differentiator. What make your
products or solutions unique and how can you sustain these competitive
differentiators over time. The clearer is your Mantra, the stronger are your chances
of attracting investors.

6. M for realistic and timely Metrics

It is important for your venture to be accountable for a selected number of clear
Key Performance Indicators or KPIs (revenue and profit levels, number of new
customers, Net Promoter Score, reject rate and renewal/closure rate) that best
describe the state of your business. These metrics need to be agreed and reviewed
with your investors and reflect the measures of your venture’s most important
processes. You need to make sure that the metrics are realistic and can be tracked
in an automated way minimizing potential bottlenecks in gathering them.

7. M for SMART Milestones

Another important foundation for your venture’s investment readiness is your
ability to define and execute on Key Strategic Initiatives (KSIs) or Milestones that
will help you deliver on the above KPIs or Metrics. These Milestones need to be
SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Time-bound) and owned
by most of your team members to ensure alignment.

8. M for regular Monitoring

The above Metrics and SMART Milestones must be reviewed on a regular basis
(either monthly or quarterly) to ensure that there is a clear level of accountability
and effective execution on the agreed plan. Failure to review the KPIs and KSIs on
a regular basis will send the wrong signals to potential investors in terms of poor
follow-up and half-baked execution.

9. M for intelligent Money to fund transformation

As you raise money (either debt or equity), you need to screen your investors and
focus on the ones who have a real value-added (intelligent Money) to help you
address your key challenges or pain points. These challenges include opening
doors, helping expand geographically, sector expertise, functional expertise
(technology, sales, finance, operations and human resources) and access to
funding. It is preferable to select an investor that offers you a lower valuation but
that can provide you with an accelerated transformation through innovative value-
added services, instead of a passive investor with a higher valuation but with no
strategic contributions.
 

10. M for comprehensive risk register and Mitigation plan

Founders of ventures often forget to build a repertoire of the key risk areas that
might impact their ability to execute on their transformation plan. It is always
important to list these risks, prioritize them and develop an effective mitigation
plan for the high impact risk categories with a high probability of happening.

11. M for emotional Maturity and succession planning

Few founders have the emotional maturity to accept and embrace mentoring and
coaching services from new investors as they believe that they are on top of most
challenges faced by their ventures. In addition, a handful of founders will realize
that their company might be better off with another CEO at the helm and embrace
a succession planning process.

12. M for contagious Motivation and passion

A final dimension that influences investors is the level of passion and motivation
that permeates from the founder, the leadership team and the entire staff. There is
no better foundation block for investment readiness than having a motivated team,
speaking of ONE VOICE, heading in ONE DIRECTION and acting as ONE team.

What are the 4 P's of entrepreneurship?

The four P's—product, price, place, and promotion—should work together in
your marketing mix. Often, decisions on one element will influence the choices
available in others.

What are the 10 DS of entrepreneurship?

A great paper by Iowa State Extension lists the 10 D's of Entrepreneurs: Dream,
Decisiveness, Doers, Determination, Dedication, Devotion, Details, Destiny,
 Dollars, Distribute. These elements of the entrepreneur's persona are the core of
what makes an entrepreneur, an entrepreneur.

What are the 6 classifications of entrepreneurship?

In a nutshell, most successful entrepreneurs fit into one of these six categories:
 Hustler.
 Innovator.
 Machine.
 Prodigy.
 Strategist.
 Visionary.
Eligibility Criteria (UG & PG) of Entrepreneurship
The students are required to fulfil the eligibility criteria of colleges before securing
admission. If the students fail to fulfil those criteria then they would lose their seat
in the college. An eligibility criteria is set up to shortlist students who thee colleges
deem to be right for their environment and institution.

The eligibility criteria for Entrepreneurship course are –

 The students should have completed their 10+2 class from a recognized
board with a science stream.
 If the students have commerce as their main subject, it would also be
allowed for admission.
 At the 10+2 level, the students should have secured 50% marks, a 5%
allowance for the SC/ST category students. 

Entrepreneurship Entrance Exams

The institutes give admission to students based on their scores in the entrance test.
The universities may conduct their admission tests or an all India based entrance
exam would be conducted. Some of the entrance exams for entrepreneurship
course have been mentioned below –
  DSAT (Dayananda Sagar Admission Test)- It is a university-level
admission examination. It offers admission to the UG and PG programs in
the college. It is conducted in both offline and online mode. The paper
would consist of objective-based multiple-choice questions in English only.
 SUAT (Sharda University Admission Test)- It is a university level exam
conducted to grant admission to the UG and PG courses. The exam is
conducted offline. It has objective based multiple-choice questions.
 KIITEE (Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Entrance
Examination)- It is a National Level Entrance Examination. It will be
conducted online for 5 days. The duration is 3 hours with multiple-choice
questions based on Quantitative Aptitude, Analytical Reasoning, English,
General Knowledge and social concerns.
 CMRUAT (CMR University Admission Test)- It is a university level
examination. It offers admission to UG and PG courses. It is conducted
online in English only. It will have multiple-choice questions and no
negative marking.
 ITM NEST (ITM National Entrance and Scholarship Test)- It is a
university-level exam conducted to grant admission to various UG and PG
programs. It is conducted in offline and online mode for 1.5 hours. The
paper consists of 100 objective type questions in English only.

MOST INSPIRING PEOPLE

MY MOST INSPIRING PEOPLE
1. ELON MUSK
2. RATHAN TATA

ELON MUSK
ABOUT

Jump to navigationJump to search

 Elon Musk

FRS

Musk in 2018

Born Elon Reeve Musk

June 28, 1971 (age 51)

Pretoria, Transvaal, South Africa

Education University of
Pennsylvania (BA, BS)

Title Founder, CEO, and chief

engineer of SpaceX
CEO and product architect
of Tesla, Inc.
Founder of the Boring
Company and X.com (now part
of PayPal)
Co-founder
of Neuralink, OpenAI, and Zip2
President of the Musk
 Foundation
CEO of Twitter, Inc.
Spouses Justine Wilson

(m. 2000; div. 2008)
Talulah Riley

(m. 2010; div. 2012)

(m. 2013; div. 2016)

Partner Grimes (2018–2021)[1]

Children 10[a][3]

Parents Errol Musk (father)

Maye Musk (mother)
Relatives Kimbal Musk (brother)
Tosca Musk (sister)
Lyndon Rive (cousin)
Family Musk family

Awards List of honors and awards

Signature
 This article is part of
a series about
Elon Musk

Elon Reeve Musk FRS (/ˈiːlɒn/ EE-lon; born June 28, 1971) is a business

magnate and investor. He is the founder, CEO, and chief engineer
of SpaceX; angel investor, CEO and product architect of Tesla, Inc.; founder of the
Boring Company; co-founder of Neuralink and OpenAI; president of the Musk
Foundation; and owner and CEO of Twitter, Inc. With an estimated net worth of
around $174 billion as of November 11, 2022,[4] Musk is the wealthiest person in
the world according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index and Forbes's real-time
billionaires list.[5][6]
Musk was born and grew up in Pretoria, South Africa. He attended the University
of Pretoria before moving to Canada at age 17, acquiring citizenship through his
Canadian-born mother. Two years later, he matriculated at Queen's University and
transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, where he received bachelor's degrees
in economics and physics. He moved to California in 1995 to attend Stanford
University but decided to instead pursue a business career, co-founding the web
software company Zip2 with his brother, Kimbal. The startup was acquired
by Compaq for $307 million in 1999. The same year, Musk co-founded the online
bank X.com, which merged with Confinity in 2000 to form PayPal. eBay bought
PayPal in 2002 for $1.5 billion.
In 2002, Musk founded SpaceX, an aerospace manufacturer and space transport
services company, and is its CEO and chief engineer. In 2004, he was an early
investor in the electric vehicle manufacturer Tesla Motors, Inc. (now Tesla, Inc.).
He became its chairman and product architect, eventually assuming the position of
CEO in 2008. In 2006, he helped create SolarCity, a solar energy company that
was later acquired by Tesla and became Tesla Energy. In 2015, he co-founded
OpenAI, a nonprofit research company promoting friendly artificial intelligence. In
2016, he co-founded Neuralink, a neurotechnology company focused on
developing brain–computer interfaces, and he founded the Boring Company, a
tunnel construction company. In 2022, Musk purchased the social media platform
Twitter for $44 billion. He has proposed a hyperloop high-
speed vactrain transportation system and is the president of the philanthropic Musk
Foundation.
Musk has espoused controversial stances on politics and technology—particularly
on Twitter—and has developed a polarizing cult of personality. He has been
criticized for making unscientific statements, such as spreading COVID-19
misinformation. In 2018, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
sued Musk for tweeting that he had secured funding for a private takeover of Tesla,
which the SEC characterized as false and misleading. He settled with the SEC and
temporarily stepped down from his Tesla chairmanship. In 2019, he won a
defamation case brought against him by a British caver who had advised the Tham
Luang cave rescue.

CONTENTS

EARLY LIFE
CHILDHOOD AND FAMILY
Further information: Musk family
Elon Reeve Musk was born on June 28, 1971, in Pretoria, one of the capital cities
of South Africa.[7][8] Musk has British and Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry.[9][10] His
mother is Maye Musk (née Haldeman), a model and dietitian born
in Saskatchewan, Canada, and raised in South Africa.[11][12][13] His father, Errol
Musk, is a South African electromechanical engineer, pilot, sailor, consultant, and
property developer, who was a half-owner of a Zambian emerald mine near Lake
Tanganyika.[14][15][16][17] Musk has a younger brother, Kimbal, and a younger
sister, Tosca.[13][18]
Musk's family was wealthy during his youth.[17] His father was elected to the
Pretoria City Council as a representative of the anti-apartheid Progressive Party,
with his children sharing their father's dislike of apartheid.[7] His maternal
grandfather, Joshua Haldeman, was an adventurous American-born Canadian who
took his family on record-breaking journeys to Africa and Australia in a single-
engine Bellanca airplane.[19][20][21] After his parents divorced in 1980, Musk mostly
lived with his father.[9] Musk later regretted his decision because he has become
estranged from his father.[22] He has a paternal half-sister and a half-brother.[19][23]
In his biography of Musk, Ashlee Vance described Musk as an awkward and
introverted child.[24] When Musk was age ten, he developed an interest in
computing and video games, teaching himself how to program from
his Commodore VIC-20 user manual.[25] At age twelve, he sold his BASIC-based
game Blastar to PC and Office Technology magazine for approximately $500.[26][27]
 EDUCATION

Musk graduated from Pretoria Boys High School in South Africa.

Musk attended Waterkloof House Preparatory School, Bryanston High School,
and Pretoria Boys High School, from which he graduated.[28] Musk applied for a
Canadian passport through his Canadian-born mother,[29][30] knowing that it would
be easier to immigrate to the United States this way.[31] While waiting for his
application to be processed, he attended the University of Pretoria for five months;
this allowed him to avoid mandatory service in the South African Defence Force.
[32]

Musk arrived in Canada in June 1989 and lived with a second cousin in
Saskatchewan for a year,[33] working odd jobs at a farm and lumber-mill.[34] In
1990, he entered Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario.[35][36] Two years later, he
transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, where he completed studies for
a Bachelor of Arts degree in physics and a Bachelor of Science degree in
economics from the Wharton School in 1995.[37][38] He reportedly hosted large,
ticketed house parties to help pay for tuition, and wrote a business plan for an
electronic book-scanning service similar to Google Books.[39]
In 1994, Musk held two internships in Silicon Valley: one at the energy storage
startup Pinnacle Research Institute, which investigated
electrolytic ultracapacitors for energy storage, and another at the Palo Alto–based
startup Rocket Science Games.[40][41] In 1995, he was accepted to a Doctor of
Philosophy (PhD) program in materials science at Stanford University.
[42]
 However, Musk decided to join the Internet boom instead[43] and applied for a
job at Netscape, to which he reportedly never received a response.[29]

BUSINESS CAREER
ZIP2
Main article: Zip2
In 1995, Musk, his brother Kimbal, and Greg Kouri founded Zip2.[44][45] Errol Musk
provided them with $28,000 in funding.[46] The company developed an Internet city
guide with maps, directions, and yellow pages, and marketed it to newspapers.
[47]
 They worked at a small rented office in Palo Alto,[48] Musk coding the website
every night.[48] Eventually, Zip2 obtained contracts with The New York Times and
the Chicago Tribune.[39] The brothers persuaded the board of directors to abandon a
merger with CitySearch;[49] however, Musk's attempts to become CEO were
thwarted.[50] Compaq acquired Zip2 for $307 million in cash in February 1999,[51]
[52]
 and Musk received $22 million for his 7-percent share.[53]
X.COM AND PAYPAL
Main articles: X.com, PayPal, and PayPal Mafia
Later in 1999, Musk co-founded X.com, an online financial services and e-mail
payment company.[54] X.com was one of the first federally insured online banks
and over 200,000 customers joined after its initial months of operation.[55] Even
though Musk founded the company, investors regarded him as inexperienced and
replaced him with Intuit CEO Bill Harris by the end of the year.[56]
In 2000, X.com merged with online bank Confinity to avoid competition,[48][56][57] as
Confinity's money-transfer service PayPal was more popular than X.com's service.
[58]
 Musk then returned as CEO of the merged company. His preference
for Microsoft over Unix-based software caused a rift among the company's
employees, and led Peter Thiel, Confinity's founder, to resign.[59] With the
company suffering from compounding technological issues and the lack of a
cohesive business model, the board ousted Musk and replaced him with Thiel in
September 2000.[60][b] Under Thiel, the company focused on the money-transfer
service and was renamed PayPal in 2001.[62][63]
In 2002, PayPal was acquired by eBay for $1.5 billion in stock, of which Musk—
the largest shareholder with 11.72% of shares—received $175.8 million.[64][65] In
2017, more than one and a half decades later, Musk purchased the X.com domain
from PayPal for its sentimental value.[66][67] In 2022, Musk discussed a goal of
creating "X, the everything app".[68]

2. RATAN TATA
ABOUT
Tata.

Ratan Tata
 GBE FREng

Tata in 2010

Born Ratan Naval Tata

28 December 1937 (age 84)
Bombay, Bombay
Presidency, British India
(present-day Mumbai, Maharas
htra, India)

Alma mater Cornell University (BArch)

Occupation Industrialist

Title Chairman Emeritus, Tata

Sons and Tata Group[1]

Term (1991–2012)
(2016–2017)

Predecessor JRD Tata

 Successor Cyrus Mistry (2012–2016)
Natarajan
Chandrasekaran (2017–present)

Parent Naval Tata

Relatives Tata family

Awards Assam Baibhav (2021)

Padma Vibhushan (2008)
Maharashtra Bhushan (2006)
Padma Bhushan (2000)

Ratan Naval Tata (born 28 December 1937) is an Indian industrialist and former

chairman of Tata Sons. He was also the chairman of the Tata Group from 1990 to
2012, serving also as interim chairman from October 2016 through February 2017.
He continues to head its charitable trusts.[2][3] In 2008, he received the Padma
Vibhushan, the second highest civilian honour in India, after receiving the Padma
Bhushan, the third highest civilian honour in 2000.[4]
Born in 1937, he is an heir of the Tata family. He is the son of Naval Tata, who
was adopted by Ratanji Tata, son of Jamsetji Tata, the founder of the Tata Group.
He graduated from the Cornell University College of Architecture with a bachelor's
degree in architecture, and the Harvard Business School through a management
course he completed in 1975.[5] He joined Tata in 1961, where he worked on the
shop floor of Tata Steel. He later succeeded J. R. D. Tata's as chairman of Tata
Sons upon the latter's retirement in 1991. Under his tenure the Tata Group
acquired Tetley, Jaguar Land Rover, and Corus, in an attempt to turn Tata from a
largely India-centric group into a global business. Tata is also one of the largest
philanthropists in the world, having donated around 60-65% of his income to
charity.

CONTENTS

EARLY LIFE[EDIT ]
Main article: Tata family
Ratan Tata was born in Bombay, now Mumbai, during the British Raj, on 28
December 1937.[6] He is the son of Naval Tata, who was born in Surat and later
adopted into the Tata family, and Sonoo Tata, the niece of Tata group
founder Jamsetji Tata. Tata's biological grandfather, Hormusji Tata, was a member
of the Tata family by blood. In 1948, when Tata was 10, his parents when
separated, and he was subsequently raised and adopted by Navajbai Tata, his
grandmother and widow of Ratanji Tata.[7] He has a half-brother, Noel Tata, from
Naval Tata's second marriage with Simone Tata, with whom he was raised. His
first language is Gujarati.[8]
He studied at the Campion School, Mumbai till the 8th class. After which, he
studied at the Cathedral and John Connon School in Mumbai, the Bishop Cotton
School in Shimla, and the Riverdale Country School in New York City, which he
graduated from in 1955.[9][10][11] After graduating from high school, Tata enrolled in
Cornell University, from which he graduated with a bachelor's degree in
architecture in 1959. In 1975, he attended the seven-week Advanced Management
Program of Harvard Business School, an institution which he has since endowed.
[12][13]

CAREER[EDIT ]
In the 1970s, Tata was given a managerial position in the Tata group. He achieved
initial success by turning the subsidiary National Radio and Electronics (NELCO)
around, only to see it collapse during an economic slowdown.[14][15] In 1991, J. R.
D. Tata stepped down as chairman of Tata Sons, naming him his successor.
Initially, Tata faced stiff resistance from the heads of various subsidiaries, who had
a large amount of operational freedom under the senior Tata's tenure. In response,
Tata implemented a number of policies designed to consolidate power, including
the implementation of a retirement age, having subsidiaries report directly to the
group office, and requiring subsidiaries to contribute their profit to building the
Tata group brand. Tata prioritised innovation and delegated many responsibilities
to younger talent.[16] Under his leadership, overlapping operations between
subsidiaries were streamlined into company-wide operations, with the group
exiting unrelated businesses to take on globalisation.[17]

Ratan Tata (right) in Bangladesh, 2005

During the 21 years Tata led the Tata Group, revenues grew over 40 times, and
profit over 50 times.[14] When he took over the company, sales overwhelmingly
comprised commodity sales, but at the end of his tenure, the majority of sales came
from brands.[18][19] He had Tata Tea acquire Tetley, Tata Motors acquire Jaguar
Land Rover, and Tata Steel acquire Corus. These acquisitions repositioned Tata
from a largely India-centric group into a global business, with over 65% of
revenues coming from operations and sales internationally.[14]
He also conceptualised and spearheaded the development of the Tata Nano car,
which helped put cars at a price-point within reach of the average Indian consumer.
[20][16]
 Tata Motors has sinced rolled out the first batch of Tigor Electric Vehicles
from its Sanand Plant in Gujarat, which Tata has described as "fast-forward[ing]
India's electric dream."[21]
Upon turning 75, Ratan Tata resigned his executive powers in the Tata group on 28
December 2012. An ensuing leadership crisis over his succession drew intense
media scrutiny.[22] The board of directors and legal division of the company refused
to appoint his successor, Cyrus Mistry, a relative of Tata and the son of Pallonji
Mistry of the Shapoorji Pallonji Group, which was the largest individual
shareholder of the Tata group.[23][24] On 24 October 2016, Cyrus Mistry was
removed as chairman of Tata Sons, and Ratan Tata was made interim chairman. A
selection committee, which included Tata as a member, was formed to find a
successor.[25] On 12 January 2017, Natarajan Chandrasekaran was named as the
chairman of Tata Sons, a role he assumed in February 2017. In February 2017,
Mistry was removed as a director for Tata Sons.[26] The National Company Law
Appellate Tribunal later found in December 2019 that the removal of Cyrus Mistry
as the chairman of Tata Sons was illegal, and ordered that he be reinstated.[26] On
appeal, India's Supreme Court upheld the dismissal of Cyrus Mistry.[27]
Tata has also invested in multiple companies with his own wealth. He has invested
in Snapdeal – one of India's leading e-commerce websites. In January 2016, he
invested in Teabox, an online premium Indian Tea seller,[28] and CashKaro.com, a
discount coupons and cash-back website.[29] He has made small investments in both
early and late stage companies in India, such as INR 0.95 Cr in Ola Cabs.[30] In
April 2015, it was reported that Tata had acquired a stake in Chinese smartphone
startup Xiaomi.[31] In 2016, he invested in Nestaway an online real-estate portal that
later acquired Zenify to start the online real-estate and pet-care portal, Dogspot.[32]
[33][34][35]
 Tata also launched India's companionship startup for senior citizens,
Goodfellows, in a bid to encourage intergenerational friendships."[36]

PHILANTHROPY[EDIT ]
Tata is a supporter of education, medicine and rural development, and considered a
leading philanthropist in India.[37][38][39] Tata supported University of New South
Wales Faculty of Engineering to develop capacitive deionization to provide
improved water for challenged areas.[40][41]
Tata Hall[42] at the University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego), opened in
November 2018, houses facilities for the biological and physical sciences and is
the home of the Tata Institute for Genetics and Society. The Tata Institute for
Genetics and Society is a bi-national institution that coordinates research between
UC San Diego and research operations in India to assist in societal and
infrastructure development in the area of combating vector-borne diseases. Tata
Hall is named in recognition of a generous $70 million gift from Tata Trusts.[citation
needed]

Tata Education and Development Trust, a philanthropic affiliate of Tata Group,

endowed a $28  million Tata Scholarship Fund that will allow Cornell
University to provide financial aid to undergraduate students from India. The
scholarship fund will support approximately 20 scholars at any given time and will
ensure that the very best Indian students have access to Cornell, regardless of their
financial circumstances. The scholarship will be awarded annually; recipients will
receive the scholarship for the duration of their undergraduate study at Cornell.[43]
In 2010, Tata Group companies and Tata charities donated $50 million for the
construction of an executive center at Harvard Business School (HBS).[44] The
executive center has been named Tata Hall, after Ratan Tata (AMP '75),
chairman emeritus of Tata Sons.[13] The total construction costs have been
estimated at $100 million.[45] Tata Hall is located in the northeast corner of the
HBS campus, and is devoted to the Harvard Business School's mid-career
Executive Education program. It is seven stories tall, and about 155,000 gross
square feet. It houses approximately 180 bedrooms, in addition to academic and
multi-purpose spaces.[46]
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has given the largest ever donation by a
company to Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) for a facility to research cognitive
systems and autonomous vehicles. TCS donated $35 million for this grand 48,000
square-foot building that is called TCS Hall.[47]
In 2014, Tata Group endowed the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay and
formed the Tata Center for Technology and Design (TCTD) to develop design and
engineering principles suited to the needs of people and communities with limited
resources. They gave ₹950  million to the institute which was the largest ever
donation received in its history.[48][49]
Tata Trusts under the Chairmanship of Ratan Tata provided a grant of ₹750
million to the Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science to study
mechanisms underlying the cause of Alzheimer's disease and to evolve methods for
its early diagnosis and treatment. This grant was to be spread over 5 years starting
in 2014.[50][51]
Tata Group, under the leadership of Ratan Tata formed the MIT Tata Center of
Technology and Design at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) with a
mission to address the challenges of resource-constrained communities, with an
initial focus on India.[52]

BOARD MEMBERSHIPS AND AFFILIATIONS[EDIT ]

Ratan Tata was the interim chairman of Tata Sons. He continues to head the main
two Tata trusts Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts and Sir Ratan Tata Trust and
their allied trusts, with a combined stake of 66% in Tata Sons, Tata group's holding
company.
He has served in various capacities in organizations in India and abroad. He is a
member of Prime Minister's 'Council on Trade and Industry' and the 'National
Manufacturing Competitiveness Council'. He is on the jury panel of Pritzker
Architecture Prize[53] – considered to be one of the world's premier architecture
prizes.
He is a director on the boards of Alcoa Inc., Mondelez International[54] and Board
of Governors of the East–West Center. He is also a member of the board of
trustees of University of Southern California, Harvard Business School Board of
Dean's Advisors, X Prize[55] and Cornell University. He is a member on the board
of International Advisory Council at Bocconi University[56]
He is also a member of the Harvard Business School India Advisory Board (IAB)
since 2006 and previously a member of the Harvard Business School Asia-Pacific
Advisory Board (APAB) 2001–2006.[citation needed]
In 2013, he was appointed to the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace.[57]
In February 2015, Ratan took an advisory role at Kalari Capital, a venture capital
firm founded by Vani Kola.[58]
In October 2016, Tata Sons removed Cyrus Mistry as its chairman, nearly 4 years
after he took over the reins of the over $100 billion conglomerate, Ratan Tata made
a comeback, taking over the company's interim boss for 4 months. On 12 January
2017, Natarajan Chandrasekaran was named as the chairman of Tata Sons, a role
he assumed in February 2017.
 HONOURS AND AWARDS[EDIT ]
President Pratibha Patil presenting the Padma Vibhushan to Ratan Tata, at
the Rashtrapati Bhavan, in 2008
Ratan Tata received the Padma Bhushan in 2000 and Padma Vibhushan in 2008,
the third and second highest civilian honours awarded by the Government of India.
[59]
 In 2021 he received the highest civilian award of Assam 'Assam Baibhav' for
his exceptional contribution towards furthering cancer care in Assam.[60]
Other awards include:

Year Name Awarding organisation

Honorary Doctor of Business
2001 Ohio State University
Administration

Medal of the Oriental Republic of

2004 Government of Uruguay
Uruguay

2004 Honorary Doctor of Technology Asian Institute of Technology.

International Distinguished
2005 B'nai B'rith International
Achievement Award

2005 Honorary Doctor of Science University of Warwick.

Indian Institute of Technology

2006 Honorary Doctor of Science
Madras
 What's a good quote today?

Today is hard, tomorrow will be worse, but the day after tomorrow will be
sunshine. You cannot escape the responsibility of tomorrow by evading it today.
What you do today can improve all your tomorrows. The best preparation for
tomorrow is doing your best today.

Motivational quotes to start your day

1. “You can get everything in life you want if you will just help enough other people
get what they want.” —Zig Ziglar
2. “Inspiration does exist, but it must find you working.” —Pablo Picasso
3. “Don't settle for average. Bring your best to the moment. Then, whether it fails or
succeeds, at least you know you gave all you had.” —Angela Bassett
4. “Show up, show up, show up, and after a while the muse shows up, too.” —Isabel
Allende
5. “Don't bunt. Aim out of the ballpark. Aim for the company of immortals.” ―David
Ogilvy
6. “I have stood on a mountain of no’s for one yes.” —Barbara Elaine Smith
7. “If you believe something needs to exist, if it's something you want to use yourself,
don't let anyone ever stop you from doing it.” —Tobias Lütke

The best motivational quotes to inspire action

8. “First forget inspiration. Habit is more dependable. Habit will sustain you
whether you're inspired or not. Habit will help you finish and polish your stories.
Inspiration won't. Habit is persistence in practice.” ―Octavia Butler

9. “The best way out is always through.” ―Robert Frost

10. “The battles that count aren't the ones for gold medals. The struggles within
yourself—the invisible, inevitable battles inside all of us—that's where it's at." —
Jesse Owens

11. “If there is no struggle, there is no progress.” —Frederick Douglass

12. “Someone will declare, “I am the leader!” and expect everyone to get in line
and follow him or her to the gates of heaven or hell. My experience is that it
doesn’t happen that way. Others follow you based on the quality of your actions
rather than the magnitude of your declarations.” ―Bill Walsh

13. “Courage is like a muscle. We strengthen it by use.” —Ruth Gordo

14. “Develop success from failures. Discouragement and failure are two of the
surest stepping stones to success.” —Dale Carnegie

15. “Relentlessly prune bullshit, don't wait to do things that matter, and savor the
time you have. That's what you do when life is short.” —Paul Graham

16. "More is lost by indecision than wrong decision.” —Marcus Tullius Cicero

17. "If the highest aim of a captain were to preserve his ship, he would keep it in
port forever." —Thomas Aquinas

18. "You can be the ripest, juiciest peach in the world, and there's still going to be
somebody who hates peaches." —Dita Von Teese

19. “Keep a little fire burning; however small, however hidden.” ―Cormac
McCarthy
20. "Nothing in the world can take the place of Persistence. Talent will not;
nothing is more common than unsuccessful men with talent. Genius will not;
unrewarded genius is almost a proverb. Education will not; the world is full of
educated derelicts. The slogan 'Press On' has solved and always will solve the
problems of the human race." —Calvin Coolidge

21. “The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way
past them into the impossible.” ―Arthur C. Clarke

22. "Worry is a misuse of imagination." —Unknown

23. “Courage is the most important of all the virtues because without courage, you
can't practice any other virtue consistently.” ―Maya Angelou

24. "I never look back, darling. It distracts from the now." —Edna Mode

25. "A year from now you will wish you had started today." —Unknown

26. "The reason we struggle with insecurity is because we compare our behind-the-
scenes with everyone else’s highlight reel." —Steve Furtick

27. "Somewhere, something incredible is waiting to be known.” —Carl Sagan

28. “Don’t worry about failure; you only have to be right once.” —Drew Houston

29. “You carry the passport to your own happiness.” —Diane von Furstenberg

30. “Never let success get to your head and never let failure get to your heart.” —
Drake

31. “The most difficult thing is the decision to act, the rest is merely tenacity.” —
Amelia Earhart

32. “I’d rather regret the things I’ve done than regret the things I haven’t done.” —
Lucille Ball
33. “I will not lose, for even in defeat, there’s a valuable lesson learned, so it evens
up for me.” —Jay-Z

34. “I do not try to dance better than anyone else. I only try to dance better than
myself.” —Arianna Huffington

35. “If you don’t risk anything, you risk even more.” —Erica Jong

36. “I think it’s intoxicating when somebody is so unapologetically who they are.”
—Don Cheadle

37. “You can never leave footprints that last if you are always walking on tiptoe.”
—Leymah Gbowee

38. “If you don’t like the road you’re walking, start paving another one.” —Dolly
Parton

39. “If it makes you nervous, you’re doing it right.” —Childish Gambino

40. “What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of
difference you want to make.” —Jane Goodall

41. “I choose to make the rest of my life the best of my life.” —Louise Hay

42. “In order to be irreplaceable one must always be different.” —Coco Chanel

43. “Anything can make me stop and look and wonder, and sometimes learn.” —
Kurt Vonnegut

44. “People's passion and desire for authenticity is strong.” —Constance Wu

45. “A surplus of effort could overcome a deficit of confidence.” —Sonia

Sotomayor

46. “Doubt is a killer. You just have to know who you are and what you stand for.”
—Jennifer Lopez
47. “There are three ways to ultimate success: The first way is to be kind. The
second way is to be kind. The third way is to be kind.” —Mister Rogers

48 “No one changes the world who isn’t obsessed.” —Billie Jean King

49. “I learned a long time ago that there is something worse than missing the goal,
and that’s not pulling the trigger.” —Mia Hamm

50. “Some people want it to happen, some wish it would happen, others make it
happen.” —Michael Jordan

51. “It is remarkable how much long-term advantage people like us have gotten by
trying to be consistently not stupid, instead of trying to be very intelligent.” —
Charlie Munger

52. “You can’t be that kid standing at the top of the waterslide, overthinking it.
You have to go down the chute.” —Tina Fey

53. “When I believe in something, I’m like a dog with a bone.” —Melissa
McCarthy

54. “And the day came when the risk to remain tight in a bud was more painful
than the risk it took to blossom.” —Anaïs Nin

55. “The standard you walk past, is the standard you accept.” —David Hurley

56. “I've searched all the parks in all the cities and found no statues of
committees.” —Gilbert K. Chesterton

57. “Life can be much broader once you discover one simple fact: Everything
around you that you call life was made up by people that were no smarter than you.
And you can change it, you can influence it… Once you learn that, you'll never be
the same again.” —Steve Jobs

58. “Success is stumbling from failure to failure with no loss of enthusiasm.”

―Winston Churchill
59. “Keep your eyes on the stars, and your feet on the ground.” ―Theodore
Roosevelt

60. “Do not stop thinking of life as an adventure. You have no security unless you
can live bravely, excitingly, imaginatively; unless you can choose a challenge
instead of competence.” ―Eleanor Roosevelt

61. “Perfection is not attainable. But if we chase perfection we can catch

excellence.” —Vince Lombardi

62. “Get a good idea and stay with it. Dog it, and work at it until it’s done right.”
—Walt Disney

63. “Optimism is the faith that leads to achievement. Nothing can be done without
hope and confidence.” —Helen Keller

64. “Life can be much broader once you discover one simple fact: Everything
around you that you call life was made up by people that were no smarter than you.
And you can change it, you can influence it… Once you learn that, you'll never be
the same again.” —Steve Jobs

65. “Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance you must keep moving.” —
Albert Einstein

66. “What you do speaks so loudly that I cannot hear what you say.” —Ralph
Waldo Emerson

67. “I have never let my schooling interfere with my education.” —Mark Twain

68. “If you can't yet do great things, do small things in a great way.” ―Napoleon
Hill

69. “If you really want to do something, you'll find a way. If you don't, you'll find
an excuse.” ―Jim Rohn

70. “Take the attitude of a student, never be too big to ask questions, never know
too much to learn something new.” —Augustine Og Mandino
71. “Success is peace of mind, which is a direct result of self-satisfaction in
knowing you made the effort to become the best of which you are capable.” —
John Wooden

72. “Be sure you put your feet in the right place, then stand firm.” ―Abraham
Lincoln

73. “Live out of your imagination, not your history.” —Stephen Covey

74. “Do not wait for the perfect time and place to enter, for you are already
onstage.” —Unknown

75. “The greater the difficulty, the more the glory in surmounting it.” ―Epicurus

76. Courage doesn't always roar. Sometimes courage is a quiet voice at the end of
the day saying, "I will try again tomorrow." —Mary Anne Radmacher

77. “If the decisions you make about where you invest your blood, sweat, and tears
are not consistent with the person you aspire to be, you’ll never become that
person.” ―Clayton M. Christensen

78. ““Make sure your worst enemy doesn’t live between your own two ears.” —
Laird Hamilton

78. “It is a rough road that leads to the heights of greatness.” —Lucius Annaeus
Seneca

79. “For the great doesn’t happen through impulse alone, and is a succession of
little things that are brought together.” —Vincent van Gogh

80. “If we take care of the moments, the years will take care of themselves.” —
Maria Edgeworth

81. “Resilience is when you address uncertainty with flexibility.” —Unknown

82. “Sometimes magic is just someone spending more time on something than
anyone else might reasonably expect.” —Raymond Joseph Teller
83. “It’s not the will to win that matters—everyone has that. It’s the will to prepare
to win that matters.” —Paul Bryant

83. “As a single footstep will not make a path on the earth, so a single thought will
not make a pathway in the mind. To make a deep physical path, we walk again and
again. To make a deep mental path, we must think over and over the kind of
thoughts we wish to dominate our lives.” —Henry David Thoreau

84. “Never give up on a dream just because of the time it will take to accomplish it.
The time will pass anyway.” —Earl Nightingale

85. “You’ll find that education is just about the only thing lying around loose in
this world, and it’s about the only thing a fellow can have as much of as he’s
willing to haul away.” —John Graham

86. “Experience is a hard teacher because she gives the test first, the lesson
afterwards.” ―Vernon Sanders Law

87. “I never dreamed about success. I worked for it.” —Estée Lauder

88. “To know how much there is to know is the beginning of learning to live.” —
Dorothy West

89. “Don't look at your feet to see if you are doing it right. Just dance.” ―Anne
Lamott

90. “Someone's sitting in the shade today because someone planted a tree a long
time ago.” —Warren Buffet

91. “True freedom is impossible without a mind made free by discipline.”

―Mortimer J. Adler

92. “Rivers know this: there is no hurry. We shall get there some day.” ―A.A.
Milne

93. “There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated

through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all time, this
expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other
medium and will be lost.” ―Martha Graham

94. “Success is getting what you want, happiness is wanting what you get.” ―W.
P. Kinsella

95. “Small is not just a stepping-stone. Small is a great destination itself.” ―Jason
Fried

96. “He that can have patience can have what he will.” ―Benjamin Franklin

97. “The only one who can tell you “you can’t win” is you and you don’t have to
listen.” —Jessica Ennis

98. "You cannot plow a field by turning it over in your mind. To begin, begin."
―Gordon B. Hinckley

99. “Set your goals high, and don’t stop till you get there.” —Bo Jackson

100. “Take your victories, whatever they may be, cherish them, use them, but don’t
settle for them.” —Mia Hamm

1. LAZINESS WON’T GET YOU ANYWHERE

“In ancient times, a king had his men place a boulder on a roadway. He then hid in
the bushes, and watched to see if anyone would move the boulder out of the way.
Some of the king’s wealthiest merchants and courtiers passed by and simply
walked around it.
Many people blamed the King for not keeping the roads clear, but none of them
did anything about getting the stone removed.
One day, a peasant came along carrying vegetables. Upon approaching the boulder,
the peasant laid down his burden and tried to push the stone out of the way. After
much pushing and straining, he finally managed.
After the peasant went back to pick up his vegetables, he noticed a purse lying in
the road where the boulder had been. The purse contained many gold coins and
note from the King explain that the gold was for the person who removed the
boulder from the road.”

2. DON’T SAY SOMETHING YOU REGRET OUT OF ANGER

“There once was a little boy who had a very bad temper. His father decided to hand
him a bag of nails and said that every time the boy lost his temper, he had to
hammer a nail into the fence.
On the first day, the boy hammered 37 nails into that fence.
The boy gradually began to control his temper over the next few weeks, and the
number of nails he was hammering into the fence slowly decreased. He discovered
it was easier to control his temper than to hammer those nails into the fence.
Finally, the day came when the boy didn’t lose his temper at all. He told his father
the news and the father suggested that the boy should now pull out a nail every day
he kept his temper under control.
The days passed and the young boy was finally able to tell his father that all the
nails were gone. The father took his son by the hand and led him to the fence.
‘You have done well, my son, but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will
never be the same. When you say things in anger, they leave a scar just like this
one. You can put a knife in a man and draw it out. It won’t matter how many times
you say I’m sorry, the wound is still there.'”
 3. STOP WASTING YOUR TIME COMPLAINING
“People visit a wise man complaining about the same problems over and over
again. One day, he decided to tell them a joke and they all roared with laughter.
After a few minutes, he told them the same joke and only a few of them smiled.
Then he told the same joke for a third time, but no one laughed or smiled anymore.
The wise man smiled and said: ‘You can’t laugh at the same joke over and over. So
why are you always crying about the same problem?'”

4. DAMAGED SOULS STILL HAVE WORTH

“A shop owner placed a sign above his door that said: ‘Puppies For Sale.’
Signs like this always have a way of attracting young children, and to no surprise, a
boy saw the sign and approached the owner; ‘How much are you going to sell the
puppies for?’ he asked.
The store owner replied, ‘Anywhere from $30 to $50.’
The little boy pulled out some change from his pocket. ‘I have $2.37,’ he said.
‘Can I please look at them?’
The shop owner smiled and whistled. Out of the kennel came Lady, who ran down
the aisle of his shop followed by five teeny, tiny balls of fur.
One puppy was lagging considerably behind. Immediately the little boy singled out
the lagging, limping puppy and said, ‘What’s wrong with that little dog?’
The shop owner explained that the veterinarian had examined the little puppy and
had discovered it didn’t have a hip socket. It would always limp. It would always
be lame.
The little boy became excited. ‘That is the puppy that I want to buy.’
The shop owner said, ‘No, you don’t want to buy that little dog. If you really want
him, I’ll just give him to you.’
The little boy got quite upset. He looked straight into the store owner’s eyes,
pointing his finger, and said;
‘I don’t want you to give him to me. That little dog is worth every bit as much as
all the other dogs and I’ll pay full price. In fact, I’ll give you $2.37 now, and 50
cents a month until I have him paid for.’
The shop owner countered, ‘You really don’t want to buy this little dog. He is
never going to be able to run and jump and play with you like the other puppies.’
To his surprise, the little boy reached down and rolled up his pant leg to reveal a
badly twisted, crippled left leg supported by a big metal brace. He looked up at the
shop owner and softly replied, ‘Well, I don’t run so well myself, and the little
puppy will need someone who understands!'”

5. NEVER LET ONE FAILURE FROM THE PAST HOLD YOU BACK IN THE
FUTURE
“As a man was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped, confused by the fact
that these huge creatures were being held by only a small rope tied to their front
leg. No chains, no cages. It was obvious that the elephants could, at anytime, break
away from their bonds but for some reason, they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and made no
attempt to get away. ‘Well,’ trainer said, ‘when they are very young and much
smaller we use the same size rope to tie them and, at that age, it’s enough to hold
them. As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot break away.
They believe the rope can still hold them, so they never try to break free.’
The man was amazed. These animals could at any time break free from their bonds
but because they believed they couldn’t, they were stuck right where they were.”

6. STRUGGLING WILL MAKE YOU STRONGER

“Once upon a time, a man found a butterfly that was starting to hatch from its
cocoon. He sat down and watched the butterfly for hours as it struggled to force
itself through a tiny hole. Then, it suddenly stopped making progress and looked
like it was stuck.
Therefore, the man decided to help the butterfly out. He took a pair of scissors and
cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then emerged easily, although
it had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings.
The man thought nothing of it, and he sat there waiting for the wings to enlarge to
support the butterfly. However, that never happened. The butterfly spent the rest of
its life unable to fly, crawling around with small wings and a swollen body.
Despite the man’s kind heart, he didn’t understand that the restricting cocoon and
the struggle needed by the butterfly to get itself through the small hole were God’s
way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings to prepare itself
for flying once it was free.”

7. YOUR REACTION MATTERS MORE THAN WHAT HAPPENS TO YOU

“Once upon a time a daughter complained to her father that her life was miserable
and that she didn’t know how she was going to make it. She was tired of fighting
and struggling all the time. It seemed just as one problem was solved, another one
soon followed.
Her father, a chef, took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and
placed each on a high fire. Once the three pots began to boil, he placed potatoes in
one pot, eggs in the second pot, and ground coffee beans in the third pot.
He then let them sit and boil, without saying a word to his daughter. The daughter,
moaned and impatiently waited, wondering what he was doing.
After twenty minutes he turned off the burners. He took the potatoes out of the pot
and placed them in a bowl. He pulled the boiled eggs out and placed them in a
bowl.
He then ladled the coffee out and placed it in a cup. Turning to her he asked.
‘Daughter, what do you see?’
‘Potatoes, eggs, and coffee,’ she hastily replied.
‘Look closer,’ he said, ‘and touch the potatoes.’ She did and noted that they were
soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she
observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to sip the coffee. Its rich aroma
brought a smile to her face.
‘Father, what does this mean?’ she asked.
He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and coffee beans had each faced the
same adversity– the boiling water.
However, each one reacted differently.
The potato went in strong, hard, and unrelenting, but in boiling water, it became
soft and weak.
The egg was fragile, with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid interior until it
was put in the boiling water. Then the inside of the egg became hard.
However, the ground coffee beans were unique. After they were exposed to the
boiling water, they changed the water and created something new.
‘Which are you,’ he asked his daughter. ‘When adversity knocks on your door,
how do you respond? Are you a potato, an egg, or a coffee bean?’

8. DON’T INSULT THE THINGS YOU WISH YOU COULD HAVE

‘One afternoon, a fox was walking through the forest and spotted a bunch of grapes
hanging from a lofty branch.
‘Just the thing to quench my thirst,’ he thought.
Taking a couple of steps back, the fox jumped and just missed the hanging grapes.
The fox tried again but still failed to reach them.
Finally, giving up, the fox turned his nose up and said, ‘They’re probably sour
anyway,’ and walked away.”

9. BE KIND TO OTHERS EVEN IF IT HURTS YOU

“In the days when an ice cream sundae cost much less, a 10 year old boy entered a
hotel coffee shop and sat at a table. A waitress put a glass of water in front of him.
‘How much is an ice cream sundae?’
’50 cents,’ replied the waitress.
The little boy pulled his hand out of his pocket and studied a number of coins in it.
‘How much is a dish of plain ice cream?’ he inquired. Some people were now
waiting for a table and the waitress was a bit impatient.
’35 cents,’ she said brusquely.
The little boy again counted the coins. ‘I’ll have the plain ice cream,’ he said.
The waitress brought the ice cream, put the bill on the table and walked away. The
boy finished the ice cream, paid the cashier and departed.
When the waitress came back, she began wiping down the table and then
swallowed hard at what she saw.
There, placed neatly beside the empty dish, were 15 cents – her tip.”

10. IGNORE THE HATERS

“A group of frogs were traveling through the forest when two of them fell into a
deep pit. When the other frogs saw how deep the pit was, they told the two frogs
that there was no hope left for them.
However, the two frogs ignored their comrades and proceeded to try to jump out of
the pit. However, despite their efforts, the group of frogs at the top of the pit were
still saying that they should just give up as they’d never make it out.
Eventually, one of the frogs took heed of what the others were saying and he gave
up, jumping even deeper to his death. The other frog continued to jump as hard as
he could. Once again, the group of frogs yelled at him to stop the pain and to just
die.
He ignored them, and jumped even harder and finally made it out. When he got
out, the other frogs said, ‘Did you not hear us?’
The frog explained to them that he was deaf, and that he thought they
were encouraging him the entire time.”
Inspiring Photos
-K.PRANIT
 THE SPECIFIC AND SPECILIZED THINGS ABOUT ENTERPRENUERSHIP

What is the specialization of entrepreneurship?

A specialization in entrepreneurship provides students with vital knowledge and
understanding of how to analyze the changing competitive landscape faced by
organizations, the leadership skills to develop and implement action plans to
provide organizations with a competitive advantage, the skills to recognize

What are 3 things about entrepreneurship?

7 Encouraging Facts About Being an Entrepreneur
 You can take it as far as you want. ...
 Power to change things as needed. ...
 Control over your own fate. ...
 Choose the people with whom you want to work. ...
 Gain access to industry secrets. ...
 Contributing to your local economy & job force. ...
 Sense of accomplishment & self-worth.


What are the 5 main characteristics of entrepreneurship?

What are the 5 characteristics of entrepreneurs?
 Motivation.
 Passion.
 Vision.
 Confidence.
 Decision making.

What are the three special challenges of entrepreneurship?

8 Common Challenges Entrepreneurs Face (and How to Overcome Them)
 Deciding what to sell. Probably the biggest challenge of entrepreneurship is
figuring out what kind of product or service to offer. ...
 Marketing. ...
 Hiring talent. ...
 Delegating authority. ...
 Managing time. ...
 Guarding cash flow. ...
 Finding capital. ...
 Projecting confidence.
What are the 4 types of Specialisation?
Types of specialization
 Labor specialization. Labor specialization is now commonplace in the workplace
and is an important part of production. ...
 Departmental specialization. ...
 Business specialization. ...
 Regional specialization. ...
 Country specialization.
 What are examples of specializations?
 Specialization involves focusing on a specific skill, activity, or production
process, such as a South American company harvesting bananas, to
become the leader or expert.

What are the 5 importance of entrepreneurship?

Basically, entrepreneurs are the pioneer of bringing new technologies and systems
that ultimately bring changes to society. These changes are associated
with improved lifestyle, generous thinking, better morale, and higher
 economic choice. In this way, social changes gradually impact national and global
changes.

What are the 7 keys in entrepreneurship?

7 Keys to a Successful Entrepreneurship
 Get Educated. ...
 Know Your Market. ...
 Have A Financing Plan. ...
 Communicate Well. ...
 Focus On Sales. ...
 Stay Flexible. ...
 Manage Stress.

What are the 4 important factors of entrepreneurship?

Entrepreneurship: 5 Critical Success Factors
 Sacrifice – Are you willing to sacrifice short term to benefit in the long term? ...
 Experience – Do you have some business or related experience? ...
 Leadership – Do you like being the leader? ...
 Organization – Are you organized? ...
 Optimism – Are you optimistic?
What are 3 things that keep entrepreneurs motivated?
 Focus on the Positives. When you are tired or lack motivation staying positive
about your work is not always easy. ...
 Create a Mission Statement. One way entrepreneurs can stay motivated is by
creating a mission statement. ...
 Set Goals. ...
 Get in a Routine. ...
 Enjoy Small Rewards.

 What are 2 advantages of specialization?
Advantages from specialisation (division) of labour:
 Higher productivity and efficiency – e.g. rising output per person hour.
 Lower unit costs leading to higher profits.

What is the most important factor in entrepreneurship?

Entrepreneurs work under the constraints of their environment – the political
economy. Five factors will be key to entrepreneurial success: creativity, tolerance
for risk, responsiveness to opportunities, leadership and the ability to take
advantage of the rights afforded to you.

What is the most important topic in entrepreneurship?

Topics in order of importance to the entrepreneur include: 1. Marketing their
business, which includes developing the ideal client profile, value proposition,
branding, market research, marketing plan, marketing budget, and social media
plan – all the elements needed to generate leads and acquire clients.

What are the 10 principles of entrepreneurship?

Being a good listener and having emotional stability goes a long way in
achieving this.
 Choose The Right Business. ...
 You Are Only As Good As The People Around You. ...
 Build a Winning Culture. ...
 Define the Key Metric That Matters the Most. ...
 Accurately Assess Capital Requirements. ...
 Use the Right Incentives. ...
 Have Deep Empathy.


What are the 6 concepts of entrepreneurship

 In a nutshell, concept of entrepreneurship can be understood as under: (i)
Entrepreneurship involves decision making, innovation, implementation,
forecasting of the future, independency, and success

What are entrepreneur skills?

5 Skills Every Entrepreneur Needs to Succeed
 Finance Skills. Budgeting and knowing how to keep track of finances is essential
for entrepreneurs. ...
 Communication skills. Being a strong communicator is very important for
entrepreneurs. ...
 Leadership Skills. ...
 Time Management. ...
 Sales.

What are the 5 key success factors?

The five critical success factors are strategic focus, people, operations,

marketing, and finances. How to find success factors? The first step in finding
and identifying success factors is understanding the overall objective of a project
and the processes required to achieve it.
What inspires entrepreneurs?
6 Top Motivations That Drive The Best Entrepreneurs
 Making a difference in the world. ...
 Find personal meaning from building a business. ...
 Satisfaction of doing something great. ...
 Personal growth and accomplishment. ...
 Seeing the real value of one's beliefs. ...
 Helping others achieve their goals.
 Who is a pure entrepreneur?
 A pure entrepreneur is an individual who is motivated by psychological
and economic rewards. He undertakes an entrepreneurial activity for his
personal satisfaction in work, ego, and status

What are the importance of studying entrepreneurship in your field of

specialization?
Studying entrepreneurship and innovation enhances one's analytical and logical
skills that enable one to solve any problem. Entrepreneurship mainly helps solve
daily-life problems and eases pain points with the help of innovative products and
services provided.

What is entrepreneurship major?

An entrepreneurship degree teaches you how to launch a new business venture.
Entrepreneurship classes help hone your leadership, marketing, and negotiation
skills. Most successful entrepreneurs are older and have years of work experience.

What is an advantage of specialization?

Specialization Leads to Economies of Scale

As labor is divided amongst workers, workers are able to focus on a few or even
one task. The more they focus on one task, the more efficient they become at this
task, which means that less time and less money is involved in producing a good.

What is specialization business strategy?

Specialization is a strategy developed by a business to focus on the production of a
very limited range of products or services in order to gain maximum productivity,
expertise and leadership in the targeted field. Companies that specialize say they
get a better return on investment.

What is the best benefits of entrepreneurship?

The new products or services created by entrepreneurs result in new wealth from
the new markets. Additionally, higher earnings due to entrepreneurship can help
boost national income. This is in the form of higher government spending and tax
revenue, resulting in investment in struggling sectors and human capital
Who started entrepreneurship?
The original entrepreneurs were traders and merchants. The first known instance
of humans trading comes from New Guinea around 17,000 BCE, where locals
exchanged obsidian, a black volcanic glass used to make hunting arrowheads for
other needed goods. These early entrepreneurs exchanged one set of goods for
another.

Who started entrepreneurship?

The original entrepreneurs were traders and merchants. The first known instance
of humans trading comes from New Guinea around 17,000 BCE, where locals
exchanged obsidian, a black volcanic glass used to make hunting arrowheads for
other needed goods. These early entrepreneurs exchanged one set of goods for
another.

What are two importance of entrepreneurship?

Importance of Entrepreneurship:

It provides an entry-level job, required for gaining experience and training

for unskilled workers. Innovation- It is the hub of innovation that provides new
product ventures, market, technology and quality of goods, etc., and increase the
standard of living of people.

What is the nature of entrepreneurship?

Entrepreneurship is about new possibilities – it is about acting on a dream, and
concerns what is possible with hard work and imagination. The work of an
entrepreneur is to create new ventures, make them sustainable and grow them.

The achievement in 2022 and proud achieving in 2022.

S.n Achievements
o
1. 4ˣ100 m relay 1st prize
2. Jansons college quiz competition 3rd prize
3. 100 m sprint 2nd prize
4. Marathon 15 place
5. Best exhibit award
6. Best club award
7. Inter school throwball runners
Qs world ranking

QS World University Rankings is an annual publication of university

rankings by Quacquarelli Symonds (QS). The QS system comprises three parts: the
global overall ranking, the subject rankings (which name the world's top
universities for the study of 51 different subjects and five composite faculty areas),
and five independent regional tables—namely Asia, Latin America, Emerging
Europe and Central Asia, the Arab Region, and BRICS.[1]
The QS ranking receives approval from the International Ranking Expert Group
(IREG),[2] and is viewed as one of the most-widely read university rankings in the
world, along with Academic Ranking of World Universities and Times Higher
Education World University Rankings.[3] According to Alexa Internet, it is the most
widely viewed university ranking worldwide.[4] However, it has been criticized for
its overreliance on subjective indicators and reputation surveys, which tend to
fluctuate over time.[5][6][7][8][9] Concern also exists regarding the global consistency
and integrity of the data QS uses to generate its rankings.[6][10][11][12]
The QS ranking was previously known as Times Higher Education–QS World
University Rankings. The publisher had collaborated with Times Higher
Education (THE) magazine to publish its international league tables from 2004 to
2009 before both started to announce their own versions. QS then chose to
continue using the pre-existing methodology in partnership with Elsevier,
while THE adopted a new methodology to create their rankings.

History
A perceived need for an international ranking of universities for UK purposes was
highlighted in December 2003 in Richard Lambert's review of university-industry
collaboration in Britain[13] for HM Treasury, the finance ministry of the United
Kingdom. Amongst its recommendations were world university rankings, which
Lambert said would help the UK to gauge the global standing of its universities.
The idea for the rankings was credited in Ben Wildavsky's book, The Great Brain
Race: How Global Universities are Reshaping the World,[14] to then-editor
of THE, John O'Leary. THE chose to partner with educational and careers advice
company Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) to supply the data, appointing Martin Ince,
[15]
 formerly deputy editor and later a contractor to THE, to manage the project.
Between 2004 and 2009, QS produced the rankings in partnership with THE. In
2009, THE announced they would produce their own rankings, the Times Higher
Education World University Rankings, in partnership with Thomson
Reuters. THE cited an asserted weakness in the methodology of the original
rankings,[16] as well as a perceived favoritism in the existing methodology for
science over the humanities,[17] as two of the key reasons for the decision to split
with QS.
QS retained intellectual property in the prior rankings and the methodology used to
compile them,[citation needed] and continues to produce rankings based on that
methodology, which are now called the QS World University Rankings.[18]
THE created a new methodology with Thomson Reuters, and published the first
Times Higher Education World University Rankings in September 2010.

Global rankings
Overall
Methodology[

Methodology of QS World University Rankings[19]

Indicator Weighting Elaboration

 Academic peer review 40% Based on an internal global ac

Faculty/student ratio 20% A measurement of teaching

Citations per faculty 20% A measurement of resear

Employer reputation 10% Based on a survey on gradua

International student ratio 5% A measurement of the diversity of th

International staff ratio 5% A measurement of the diversity of

QS publishes the rankings results in the world's media and has entered into
partnerships with a number of outlets, including The Guardian in the United
Kingdom, and Chosun Ilbo in Korea. The first rankings produced by QS
independently of THE, and using QS's consistent and original methodology, were
released on September 8, 2010, with the second appearing on September 6, 2011.
QS designed its rankings to assess performance according to what it believes to be
key aspects of a university's mission: teaching, research, nurturing employability,
and internationalisation.[20]
Academic peer review
This is the most controversial part of the methodology[weasel words][citation needed]. Using a
combination of purchased mailing lists and applications and suggestions, this
survey asks active academicians across the world about the top universities in their
specialist fields. QS has published the job titles and geographical distribution of the
participants.[21]
The 2017/18 rankings made use of responses from 75,015 people from over 140
nations for its academic reputation indicator, including votes from the previous
five years rolled forward provided no more recent information was available from
the same individual. Participants can nominate up to 30 universities, but are not
able to vote for their own. They tend to nominate a median of about 20, which
means that this survey includes over 500,000 data points. The average respondent
possesses 20.4 years of academic experience, while 81% of respondents have over
a decade of experience in the academic world.[22][21]
In 2004, when the rankings first appeared, academic peer review accounted for half
of a university's possible score. In 2005, its share was cut to 40% because of the
introduction of the Employer Reputation Survey.
Faculty student ratio
This indicator accounts for 20% of a university's possible score in the rankings. It
is a classic measure used in various ranking systems as a proxy for teaching
commitment, but QS has admitted that it is less than satisfactory.[23]
Citations per faculty
Citations of published research are among the most widely used inputs to national
and global university rankings. The QS World University Rankings used citations
data from Thomson (now Thomson Reuters) from 2004 to 2007, and since then has
used data from Scopus, part of Elsevier. The total number of citations for a five-
year period is divided by the number of academics in a university to yield the score
for this measure, which accounts for 20% of a university's possible score in the
rankings.
QS has explained that it uses this approach, rather than the citations per paper
preferred for other systems, because it reduces the effect of biomedical science on
the overall picture – biomedicine has a ferocious "publish or perish" culture.
Instead, QS attempts to measure the density of research-active staff at each
institution, but issues still remain about the use of citations in ranking systems,
especially the fact that the arts and humanities generate comparatively few
citations.[24]
However, since 2015, QS has made methodological enhancements designed to
remove the advantage institutions specializing in the Natural Sciences or Medicine
previously received. This enhancement is termed faculty area normalization, and
ensures that an institution's citations count in each of QS's five key Faculty Areas
is weighted to account for 20% of the final citations score.[25]
QS has conceded the presence of some data-collection errors regarding citations
per faculty in previous years' rankings.[26]
One interesting issue is the difference between the Scopus and Thomson Reuters
databases. For major world universities, the two systems capture more or less the
same publications and citations. For less mainstream institutions, Scopus has more
non-English language and smaller-circulation journals in its database. As the
papers there are less heavily cited, though, this can also mean fewer citations per
paper for the universities that publish in them.[24] This area has been criticized for
undermining universities that do not use English as their primary language.
[27]
 Citations and publications in a language different from English are harder to
access. The English language is the most internationalized language, so is also the
most popular when citing.
Employer review
This part of the ranking is obtained by a similar method to the Academic Peer
Review, except that it samples recruiters who hire graduates on a global or
significant national scale. The numbers are smaller – 40,455 responses from over
130 countries in the 2016 rankings – and are used to produce 10% of any
university's possible score. This survey was introduced in 2005 in the belief that
employers track graduate quality, making this a barometer of teaching quality, a
famously problematic factor to measure. University standing here is of special
interest to potential students, and acknowledging this was the impetus behind the
inaugural QS Graduate Employability Rankings, published in November 2015.[28]
[29]

International orientation
The final 10% of a university's possible score is derived from measures intended to
capture their internationalism: half from their percentage of international students,
and the other half from their percentage of international staff. This is of interest
partly because it shows whether a university is putting effort into being global, but
also because it indicates whether it is taken seriously enough by students and
academics around the world for them to want to be there.[30]
Reception[
In September 2015, The Guardian referred to the QS World University Rankings
as "the most authoritative of their kind".[31][32] In 2016, Ben Sowter, Head of
Research at the QS Intelligence Unit, was ranked in 40th position in Wonkhe's
2016 'Higher Education Power List'. The list enumerated what the organisation
believed to be the 50 most influential figures in UK higher education.[33]
Several universities in the UK and the Asia-Pacific region have commented on the
rankings positively. Vice-chancellor of New Zealand's Massey University,
Professor Judith Kinnear, says that the THE-QS ranking is a "wonderful external
acknowledgement of several university attributes, including the quality of its
research, research training, teaching, and employability." She said the rankings are
a true measure of a university's ability to fly high internationally: "The Times
Higher Education ranking provides a rather more and more sophisticated, robust,
and well rounded measure of international and national ranking than either New
Zealand's Performance Based Research Fund (PBRF) measure or the Shanghai
rankings."[34] In September 2012, British newspaper The Independent described the
QS World University Rankings as being "widely recognised throughout higher
education as the most trusted international tables".[35]
Angel Calderon, Principal Advisor for Planning and Research at RMIT
University and member of the QS Advisory Board, spoke positively of the QS
University Rankings for Latin America, saying that the "QS Latin American
University Rankings has [sic] become the annual international benchmark
universities use to ascertain their relative standing in the region". He further stated
that the 2016/17 edition of this ranking demonstrated improved stability.[36]
Criticisms[
Certain commentators have expressed concern about the use or misuse of survey
data.[citation needed] However, QS's Intelligence Unit, responsible for compiling the
rankings, state that the extent of the sample size used for their surveys means that
they are now "almost impossible to manipulate and very difficult for institutions to
‘game’". They also state that "over 62,000 academic respondents contributed to our
2013 academic results, four times more than in 2010. Independent academic
reviews have confirmed these results to be more than 99% reliable". Furthermore,
since 2013, the number of respondents to QS's Academic Reputation Survey has
increased again. Their survey now makes use of nearly 75,000 academic peer
reviews, making it "to date, the world’s largest aggregation of feeling in this [the
global academic] community."[37][38][39]
The QS World University Rankings have been criticised by many for placing too
much emphasis on peer review, which receives 40% of the overall score. Some
people have expressed concern about the manner in which the peer review has
been carried out.[40] In a report,[41] Peter Wills from the University of
Auckland wrote of the THE-QS World University Rankings:
But we note also that this survey establishes its rankings by appealing to university
staff, even offering financial enticements to participate (see Appendix II). Staff are
likely to feel it is in their greatest interest to rank their own institution more highly
than others. This means the results of the survey and any apparent change in
ranking are highly questionable, and that a high ranking has no real intrinsic value
in any case. We are vehemently opposed to the evaluation of the University
according to the outcome of such PR competitions.
However, QS state that no survey participant, academic or employer, is offered a
financial incentive to respond, while no academics are able to vote for their own
institutions.[citation needed] This renders this particular criticism invalid, as it is based on
two incorrect premises: (1) that academics are currently financially incentivized to
participate, and (2) that conflicts of interests are created by academics being able to
vote for their own institutions.
Academicians previously criticized of the use of the citation database, arguing that
it undervalues institutions that excel in the social sciences. Ian Diamond, former
chief executive of the Economic and Social Research Council and now vice-
chancellor of the University of Aberdeen and a member of the THE editorial
board, wrote to Times Higher Education in 2007, saying:[42]
The use of a citation database must have an impact because such databases do not
have as wide a cover of the social sciences (or arts and humanities) as the natural
sciences. Hence the low position of the London School of Economics, caused
primarily by its citations score, is a result not of the output of an outstanding
institution but the database and the fact that the LSE does not have the
counterweight of a large natural science base.
However, in 2015, QS's introduction of faculty area normalization ensured that
QS's rankings no longer conferred an undue advantage or disadvantage upon any
institution based on their particular subject specialisms. Correspondingly, the
London School of Economics rose from 71st in 2014 to 35th in 2015 and 37th in
2016.[43]
Since the split from Times Higher Education in 2009, further concerns about the
methodology QS uses for its rankings have been brought up by several experts.
In October 2010, criticism of the old system came from Fred L. Bookstein, Horst
Seidler, Martin Fieder, and Georg Winckler in the journal Scientomentrics for the
unreliability of QS's methods:
Several individual indicators from the Times Higher Education Survey (THES)
data base—the overall score, the reported staff-to-student ratio, and the peer ratings
—demonstrate unacceptably high fluctuation from year to year. The
inappropriateness of the summary tabulations for assessing the majority of the "top
200" universities would be apparent purely for reason of this obvious statistical
instability regardless of other grounds of criticism. There are far too many
anomalies in the change scores of the various indices for them to be of use in the
course of university management.[7]
In an article for the New Statesman entitled "The QS World University Rankings
are a load of old baloney", David Blanchflower, a leading labour economist, said:
"This ranking is complete rubbish and nobody should place any credence in it. The
results are based on an entirely flawed methodology that underweights the quality
of research and overweights fluff... The QS is a flawed index and should be
ignored."[44]
However, Martin Ince,[15] chair of the Advisory Board for the Rankings, points out
that their volatility has been reduced since 2007 by the introduction of the Z-score
calculation method and that over time, the quality of QS's data gathering has
improved to reduce anomalies. In addition, the academic and employer review are
now so big that even modestly ranked universities receive a statistically valid
number of votes. QS has published extensive data[45] on who the respondents are,
where they are, and the subjects and industries to which the academicians and
employers respectively belong.
The QS Subject Rankings have been dismissed as unreliable by Brian Leiter, who
points out that programmes that are known to be high quality, and which rank
highly in the Blackwell rankings (e.g., the University of Pittsburgh) fare poorly in
the QS ranking for reasons that are not at all clear.[46]
In an article titled The Globalisation of College and University Rankings and
appearing in the January/February 2012 issue of Change, Philip Altbach, professor
of higher education at Boston College and also a member of the THE editorial
board, said: "The QS World University Rankings are the most problematical. From
the beginning, the QS has relied on reputational indicators for half of its analysis
… it probably accounts for the significant variability in the QS rankings over the
years. In addition, QS queries employers, introducing even more variability and
unreliability into the mix. Whether the QS rankings should be taken seriously by
the higher education community is questionable."[47]
Simon Marginson, professor of higher education at the University of
Melbourne and a member of the THE editorial board, in the article "Improving
Latin American universities' global ranking" for University World News on 10
June 2012, said: "I will not discuss the QS ranking because the methodology is not
sufficiently robust to provide data valid as social science".[48] QS's Intelligence Unit
counter these criticisms by stating that "Independent academic reviews have
confirmed these results to be more than 99% reliable".[38]
In 2021, research published by the Center for Studies in Higher Education at
the University of California, Berkeley raised the possibility that institutions that
employ QS's consulting services are rewarded with improved rankings. QS denied
the possibility and stated that it had firm policies and practices to minimize
potential conflicts of interest.[49]
Young universities[
QS also releases the QS Top 50 under 50 Ranking annually to rank universities
which have been established for under 50 years. These institutions are judged
based on their positions on the overall table of the previous year.[50] From 2015,
QS's "'Top 50 Under 50" ranking was expanded to include the world's top 100
institutions under 50 years of age, while in 2017 it was again expanded to include
the world's top 150 universities in this cohort. In 2020, the table was topped
by Nanyang Technological University of Singapore for the seventh consecutive
year. The table is dominated by universities from the Asia-Pacific region, with the
top four places taken by Asian institutions.[51]
Faculties and subjects[
QS also ranks universities by academic discipline organized into 5 faculties,
namely Arts & Humanities, Engineering & Technology, Life Sciences &
Medicine, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences & Management. The methodology
is based on surveying expert academics and global employers, and measuring
research performance using data sourced from Elsevier's Scopus database. In
the 2018 QS World University Rankings by Subject the world's best universities for
the study of 48 different subjects are named. The two new subject tables added in
the most recent edition are: Classics & Ancient History and Library & Information
Management.
The world's leading institution in 2020's portfolio in terms of most world-leading
positions is Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which is number one for 12
subjects. Its longtime rankings rival, Harvard University, is number one for eleven
subjects.[52]

Categories of QS World University rankings by faculty and subject[52]

Art & Engineering & Life Sciences Natural

Social Sciences
Humanities Technology & Medicine Sciences[note 1]

Chemical Agriculture & Accounting &

Archaeology Chemistry
Engineering Forestry Finance

Civil & Earth &

Anatomy &
Architecture Structural Marine Anthropology
Physiology
Engineering Sciences
 Computer
Business &
Science & Biological Environmental
Art & Design Management
Information Sciences Sciences
Studies
Systems

Classics & Electrical & Communication

Ancient Electronic Dentistry Geography & Media
History Engineering Studies

Mechanical,
English
Aeronautical & Development
Language & Medicine Geology
Manufacturing Studies
Literature
Engineering

Mineral &
Economics &
History Mining Nursing Geophysics
Econometrics
Engineering

Petroleum Pharmacy & Materials Education &

Linguistics
Engineering Pharmacology Science Training

Hospitality &
Modern
Psychology Mathematics Leisure
Languages
Management

Performing Veterinary Physics &

Law
Arts Science Astronomy

Library &
Philosophy Information
Management
 Theology,
Politics &
Divinity &
International
Religious
Studies
Studies

Social Policy &

Administration

Sociology

Sports-related
Subjects

Statistics &
Operational
Research

Regional rankings and other tables[

QS Graduate Employability Rankings
In 2015, in an attempt to meet student demand for comparative data about the
employment prospects offered by prospective or current universities, QS launched
the QS Graduate Employability Rankings. The most recent installment, released
for the 2022 academic year, ranks 550 universities worldwide. It is led by
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and features five universities from the
United States in the top 10.[53] The unique methodology consists of five indicators,
with three that do not feature in any other ranking.[54]
Arab World Region[
First published in 2014, the annual QS Arab Region University Rankings highlights
130 leading universities in this part of the world. The methodology for this ranking
has been developed with the aim of reflecting specific challenges and priorities for
institutions in the region, drawing on 10 indicators. In 2020 King Abdulaziz
University in Jeddah came 1st.
Asia[
In 2009, QS launched the QS Asian University Rankings or QS University
Rankings: Asia in partnership with The Chosun Ilbo newspaper in Korea to rank
universities in Asia independently. The ninth instalment, released for the 2017/18
academic year, ranks the 350 best universities in Asia, and is led by Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore.[55]
These rankings use some of the same criteria as the world rankings, but there are
changed weightings and new criteria. One addition is the criterion of incoming and
outgoing exchange students. Accordingly, the performance of Asian institutions in
the QS World University Rankings and the QS Asian University Rankings released
in the same academic year are different from each other.[1]
Emerging Europe and Central Asia
First published in 2015, QS Emerging Europe and Central Asia University
Rankings ranks 350 universities from mostly Eastern Europe and Central Asia,
with Russia's Lomonosov Moscow State University in the top spot since the first
publishing of rankings.
Latin America
The QS Latin American University Rankings or QS University Rankings: Latin
America were launched in 2011. They use academic opinion (30%), employer
opinion (20%), publications per faculty member, citations per paper, academic
staff with a PhD, faculty/student ratio and web visibility (10 per cent each) as
measures.[56]
The 2021 edition of the QS World University Rankings: Latin America ranks the
top 300 universities in the region. Chile's Pontificia Universidad Católica de
Chile retained its status as the region's best university for the fourth straight year.[57]
Africa[
The number of universities in Africa increased by 115 percent from 2000 to 2010,
and enrollment more than doubled from 2.3 million to 5.2 million students,
according to UNESCO. However, only one African university, the University of
Cape Town, was among the world's 100 best, to judge the world universities
ranking of 2016.[58]
BRICS[
This set of rankings adopts eight indicators to select the top 100 higher learning
institutions in BRICS countries. Institutions in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan are
not ranked here.
QS Best Student Cities Ranking[
In 2012, QS launched the QS Best Student Cities ranking – a table designed to
evaluate which cities were most likely to provide students with a high-quality
student experience. Five editions of the ranking have been published thus far, with
Paris taking the number-one position in four of them.[59][60][61] The 2017 edition was
also the first one to see the introduction of student opinion as a contributory
indicator.

Events[
QS Quacquarelli Symonds organizes a range of international student recruitment
events throughout the year. These are generally oriented towards introducing
prospective students to university admissions staff, while also facilitating access to
admissions advice and scholarships. In 2019, over 360 events were hosted,
attended by 265,000 candidates, in 100 cities across 50 countries. Separated into
‘tours’, QS’ event offerings typically comprise a series of university and business
school fairs.
World MBA Tour[
The QS World MBA Tour is the world's largest series of international business
school fairs, attended by more than 60,000 candidates in 100 cities across 50
countries.
World MBA Tour Premium
QS World MBA Premium also focuses on MBA student recruitment, but invites
only business schools ranked in the top 200 internationally, according to the QS
World University Rankings. The event aims to provide a more holistic overview of
an MBA degree, with enhanced focus on pre- and post-study processes and
insights.
World Grad School Tour
The QS World Grad School Tour focuses on international postgraduate programs,
particularly specialised master's degrees and PhDs in FAME (Finance, Accounting,
Management and Economics) and STEM disciplines.
World University Tour
The QS World University Tour has an emphasis on undergraduate student
recruitment, inviting undergraduate programs only.
Qs world ranking 2023
1.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

 Cambridge, United States
100
2.

University of Cambridge
 Cambridge, United Kingdom
98.8
3.

Stanford University
 Stanford, United States
98.5
4

University of Oxford
 Oxford, United Kingdom
98.4
5.

Harvard University
 Cambridge, United States
97.6
6.
California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
 Pasadena, United States
97
7.

Imperial College London

 London, United Kingdom
97
8.

UCL
 London, United Kingdom
95
9.

ETH Zurich
 Zürich, Switzerland
93.6
10.

University of Chicago
 Chicago, United States
93.2

- K.PRANIT