SHREE KRISHNA INSTITUTE OF NURSING ,BHABHAR

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

LESSON PLAN

ON

PLAGUE
Submitted to :- Submitted by :-
Mr. Rishabh Upadhyay, M.Sc. (N), CHN MR. Amrut Parmar
Lecturer, skin, bhabhar Roll No. 21
Bsc (N) 4th Year

Subject : Community health nursing

Unit :

Topic : Plague

Group : B.Sc. Nursing students

Method of Teaching : Lecture cum discussion

Duration :

Place : 4th B.sc Nursing

AV Aids : White board, chart

Date :

Time :

Name of teacher student : Mr. Amrut parmar

Name of the evaluator : Mr. Rishabh Upadhyay

College : Shree Krishna Institute of Nursing, Bhabhar.

General Objective:

 After completion of the class the students will be able to acquire deep knowledge about plague

Specific objectives

 Introduction of plague
1. Define the plague
2. Explain the epidemiological factor of the plague
3. Discus about the clinical manifestation of the plague
4. Mention the diagnostic evaluation of the plague

5. Describe the management of the plague

6. Explain the prevention of plague

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 activity
Introduction
1 To introduce
plague Plague Plague epidemic had been a
cause of many deaths in the world . In
Bhagwat Purana and Bible also , plague
is de scribed as an epidemic . This is
also called ' black death ' . The bacteria
responsible for the disease is
Pasteurella pastis . This spreads through
the bite of fleas which gets the infec
tion from sick rats . Fleas are found on
rats and rodents . Plague is a fatal
disease and it has occurred as endemic
and epidemic several times in Asia and
Africa.
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activity
Define the Definition:
2 Explain Listen carefully White What is the
plague
Plague is a disease that affects humans definition of board definition of
and other mammals. It is caused by the plague plague ?
bacterium, Yersinia pestis. Humans
usually get plague after being bitten by a
rodent flea that is carrying the plague
bacterium or by handling an animal
infected with plague.
Explain the Epidemiological factors:-
3 Introduce the Asking What is the
epidemiological
• Bacteria are found on wild rodents like epidemiological question epidemiologic
factors of the rats , carnivorous animals , and in other factor of the al factor of
smaller animals where they make their plague the plague?
plague
shelter . Around 200 species of the animals
which live on mountains , small mining
area , forests , deserts act as carriers of
plague .

• In India source of plague is wild rodents .

But the fleas living on rats are the main
source of plague ( Rats possess . resistance
against the disease . Doubtful or weak rats
only die due to plague attack )
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Agent (bacterial yersinia pestis)

Host Envrionment
All ages,both Rainfall
Sexes hunters, Rodent density
Harvesters, Human
cultivators Dwelling

Agent- the causative agent of plague

disease is bacterial Y.Agent Y. pestis is
present in infected rodents and their fleas.
Host- plague can affect both the sexes and
all ages of people, who are at risk, hunters,
harvestors and cultivators.
Evrionment- Heavy rainfall, human
dwellings, rodent density areas, temperature
of 20-25 degree C, humidity of 60% or
above

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•Along with infected rats and fleas, pneumonic
4. Discus about the plague patients are also responsible for the Explain about Asking question Which are the
clinical spread of the disease. Plague affects all age clinical clinical
manifestation of groups and both sexes. People engaged in manifestation of manifestation
the plague agriculture, hunting, construction work and the plague of the plague
animal husbandry are more prone to infection
because in these occupations, there are more
chances of coming in contact with fleas.

• Disease spreads more in winter. (from

September to May). During heavy rain the rat
holes are destroyed and the chances of
spreading of plague becomes less.

• House which are breaking down, with cracks

and rat holes or having more shelters for rats,
increases the probability of the disease. People's
travel, migration and ship journeys are helpful
in increasing plague infection.

• In India, deaths due to plague has reduced

considerably. But in 1994 in Beed
(Maharashtra), 4 people were at- xacked by
bubonic plague. After that pneumonic plague
Nspread as an epidemic in Surat. Plague
patients were found in other cities also. At the
time of attack, out of 4780 suspected cases, 167
were found positive and 53 Npeople died due to
plague. In 2002 (February), infor- mation about
some plague patients was received from
Himachal Pradesh. In 2004, localized outbreak
of bub- noic plage occured in Uttarakhand
Claimed 8 cases and 3 deaths.
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4. Discus about the Clinical Manifestations Explain about Asking question Which are the
clinical clinical clinical
manifestation of Three types of plague are found in manifestation of manifestation of
the plague humans: the plague the plague
• Bubonic Plague
• Pneumonic Plague
• Septicaemic Plague
The beginning of bubonic plague is
sudden with fever, shivering and
headache. Face and eyes turn red and
person feels extremely tired. Pain
and swelling develop in all the
lymph glands especially in the
thighs. This plague does not spread
from one person to another because
infection is locked in buboes and
they cannot get out. Bubonic plague
might change into septicaemic
plague. Patient may die due to
toxicity. Pneumonic plague affects
lungs and is usually a complication
of bubonic or septicaemic plague.
Because the bacteria are found in
sputum and spreads throughn droplet
infection, pneumonic plague is very
infectious.
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5. Mention the Diagnostic Evaluation Describe the Clarify the By which test
diagnostic diagnostic doubts you diagnose the
evaluation of the Smear examination of secretion of evaluation of the plague
glands, fluids and sputum. plague
plague
Blood culture and serum examination.

Complications

Intensive bleeding, pneumonia,

toxicity, death.

6. Management : Explain the Asking question What is the

Describe the management of management of
management of Controlling the disease through early the plague the plague
the plague diagnosis, notifica- tion and isolation
is the primary necessity in the manage-
ment.
The following medicines may be
useful in treatment of plague:
• Tetracycline 30-40 mg/kg of body
weight for 7 days (4 doses daily) drug
of choice.
• Streptomycin 40 mg/kg of body
weight, 7-10 days (2 doses per day) in
some cases. Sulphonamide also may
Be effective
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Prevention:
7. Explain the Lecture cum Listen carefully What is the
prevention of • Control of fleas: By any method discussion prevention of
plague rodent flea-human chain should be plague
interrupted. Insecticide should be used
on the floor. Destroying rats and
rodents: For this, the holes and cracks
in the houses should be filled, repair
the house, improve cleanliness, kill
rats and improve living standards.
• Use plague vaccine (Haffkine's anti
plague vaccine). This produces
resistance for 6 months. It is modified
by sokhey. This vaccine is given
subcutaneously in two doses 0.5 ml
and 1.o ml within 7 to 14 days
internal.
• For saving people from the disease,
tetracycline (500 mg, 4 times a day for
3 days) may be used as prophylaxis.
Keep close watch on areas affected by
plague.
• It is essential to dispose of patients
sputum, secretion and other related
materials, properly. . Health education,
information and communication. (Re-
porting of sudden death of rats is
necessary).
 SUMMARY

Today we have discussed and came to know about what is plague ? it’s introduction , epidemiology, clinical manifestation, diagnostic
evaluation, management and prevention. The various measurement and method will helpful to aware and know much about the health related
facts of a community with conducting health care system in India..
 CONCLUSION

 Plague is an acute bacterial illness that is typically transmitted to humans by the bites of infectious fleas, direct contact with infected animals, or
inhalation of infectious respiratory droplets.
 Bibliography

Swarnkar keshav, Community health nursing, 4th edition, Indore: N.R Brother publication, Page no-62

Tulsi T. Vasundhara & Prasuna G. Gnana. Community health nursing II, 2nd edition ,Hyderabad : Frontline publications, Page no-340-342

Saxena R.P. Community health nursing II, 3rd edition,panjab: Lotus publishers, Page no- 370-373

Basvanthapa B.T, Community health nursing, 3rd edition, New Delhi: Jaypee brothers publication, Page no- 1262-1264