Phy Mock-P2
Phy Mock-P2
Phy Mock-P2
INSTRUCTIONS
1.2 Which of the following phases of Venus would NOT be observable from the Earth if the
Ptolemic model were correct?
(1)
(2)
(3)
A (1) only
B (1) and (2) only ABCD
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
1.3 The following gives some data about the planet Venus.
What is the escape velocity from the surface of Venus (in units of Earth’s escape velocity)?
A 1.31
B 1.08 ABCD
C 0.926
D 0.858
a2/3
0
B
log T
a
0
C
log T
log a
0
D
T
ABCD
log a
0
star Q
star P
0 wavelength
Which of the following statements about the stars can be concluded by an observer on the
Earth?
(1) Star Q is hotter than star P.
(2) Star Q appears brighter than star P.
(3) Star Q appears bluer than star P.
A (1) only
B (1) and (3) only ABCD
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
1.6 Which of the following statements about the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (H-R diagram) is
NOT correct?
luminosity
region I
region II
region III
region IV
surface
temperature
W W
X X
Y Y
Z Z
1.8 The table below shows the apparent magnitudes and absolute magnitudes of stars P and Q.
1 (a) Alpha Centauri A is a star in the Milky Way Galaxy. The following table shows some
data about the star:
Radius 8.54 108 m
Temperature 5790 K
Luminosity 5.83 1026 W
Distance from the Earth 4.1 1016 m
(i) Using the above data, show that the star radiates as a blackbody. (2 marks)
(ii) Calculate the intensity (in J s–1 m–2) of electromagnetic radiation reaching the Earth
from the star. (2 marks)
(b) During one stage in the life of Alpha Centauri A, its position on the Hertzsprung-Russell
diagram (H-R diagram) will change from position X to position Y as shown by the dotted
line.
luminosity
Y
X
temperature / 103 K
20 2
What will happen to the size of the star during this stage? (1 mark)
(c) The wavelength of a certain hydrogen spectral line on the Earth is 656.28 nm. This line
from the star is found to be blue-shifted by 0.05 nm.
(i) Estimate the radial velocity of the star relative to the Earth. Is it moving towards or
away from the Earth? (3 marks)
(ii) Explain whether this result violates the notion that the universe is expanding.
(2 marks)
2.2 The diagram below shows some energy levels of a hydrogen atom. A large number of hydrogen
atoms in the ground state (n = 1) are collided by electrons with kinetic energy of 12.8 eV and
get excited. When the excited atoms drop to lower energy levels, how many spectral lines can
these atoms produce?
n = 5–0.54 eV
n = 4–0.85 eV
n = 3–1.51 eV
n = 2–3.40 eV
n = 1–13.6 eV
A 3
B 4 ABCD
C 6
D 7
2.3 The de Broglie wavelength of a proton moving with kinetic energy E is . What is the de
Broglie wavelength of an particle moving with the same kinetic energy? The mass of an
particle is about 4 times that of a proton.
A /4
B /2 ABCD
C 2
D 4
0 frequency of
incident radiation
B maximum
kinetic energy
Y X
0 frequency of
incident radiation
C maximum
kinetic energy
Y
X
0 frequency of
incident radiation
D maximum
kinetic energy
X
Y
ABCD
0 frequency of
incident radiation
X Y
2.6 In Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom, the radii of the electron’s orbits in the second excited
state and the third excited state are in the ratio of
A 2 : 3.
B 3 : 4. ABCD
C 4 : 9.
D 9 : 16.
2.8 An imaging satellite is orbiting at a height of 700 km above the Earth’s surface. The camera in
the satellite has an objective lens of aperture 15 cm. Estimate the minimum separation of two
small objects on the Earth’s surface that can be distinguished by this camera. Assume that both
objects emit light of wavelength 500 nm.
A 2.33 m
B 2.85 m ABCD
C 4.67 m
D 5.69 m
radiation vacuum
metal electrode C
plate
glass tube
electrons
V
A
+–
variable power supply
Figure 2.1
The metal plate and the electrode C are both in a vacuum. C is connected to the negative
terminal of the variable power supply. Figure 2.2 shows the variation of current I in the circuit
as the potential difference V between the metal plate and C is increased from 0 V to 3 V.
0 V/V
1 2 3
Figure 2.2
(a) (i) Explain why the maximum kinetic energy is independent of the intensity of the
incident radiation. (2 marks)
(ii) What is the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons? (2 marks)
(iii) Find the work function of the metal. (2 marks)
(iv) If experiment is repeated with electromagnetic radiation of a shorter wavelength,
how will the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons be affected? (1 mark)
(b) The current becomes saturated when the voltage of the variable power supply is gradually
decreased until it becomes –1.5 V.
(i) What is the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons when they reach
electrode C? (2 marks)
(ii) Explain why not all photoelectrons reaching C possess the amount of kinetic
energy obtained in (b)(i). (1 mark)
3.3
wall
S D X
R
Y
A point source of light S illuminates a wall as shown. If the illuminance at X is E, what is the
illuminance at Y? S is the only light source shining on the wall and it emits light uniformly in all
directions. Neglect any reflections from other surfaces.
( )
3
D
A E
R
E( )
2
D ABCD
B
R
E( )
❑
D
C
R
D E
√ D
R
3.5 The following graph shows the percentage of transmission of different electromagnetic
radiations when passing through three types of glass X, Y and Z.
percentage of
transmission
X
75%
50%
25%
Y
Z
0% frequency / 1012 Hz
300 380 780 2500
Which of the following statements about these three types of glass is NOT correct? It is known
that ultra-violet radiation causes fabrics and wall coverings to fade in colour.
A X blocks the least amount of visible light.
B Y is the best in reducing the need of air conditioning.
C Z is the best in protecting fabrics and wall coverings from fading in colour.
D Sunlight passing through Z looks different in colour than that passing through X and Y.
ABCD
3.6 Which of the following descriptions about a hybrid car are correct?
(1) It is propelled by the combustion engine and/or the electric motor.
(2) Its combustion engine is usually more energy effient than that in a petrol car.
(3) It is more energy efficient than an electric train.
A (1) and (2) only
B (1) and (3) only ABCD
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)
3.8 Which of the following is NOT correct regarding the pressurized water in a pressurized water
reactor?
A It absorbs the energy released by fuel rods.
B It slows down the fast-moving neutrons produced by fission reactions.
C It absorbs excessive neutrons to control the rate of fission.
D It heats up the water in the secondary circuit to produce steam.
ABCD
3 Fluorescent tube lamps (FTLs) are commonly used in offices, schools and at home. In recent
years, LED lamps in the form of FTLs have been developed. In such LED lamps, a large
number of LED elements are uniformly arranged inside a glass envelope (Fig 3.1). They can
replace old FTLs as they can fit into ordinary FTL fixtures.
A Red
B Orange ABCD
C Yellow
D Green
4.2 The diagram below shows the cross sections of two coherent bundles of optical fibres P and Q.
The two bundles have the same cross-sectional area, but Q has more and finer fibres.
P Q
4.4 The sound intensity level at a distance 5 m from a speaker is 80 dB. Given that the intensity I is
related to the distance r from the speaker by I r –2, what is the drop in sound intensity level if
you move to 10 m from the speaker?
A 3 dB
B 6 dB ABCD
C 74 dB
D 77 dB
4.5 The ultrasound B-scan image below shows a kidney stone (bright spot).
kidney
stone
4.7 In the X-ray image of the lungs below, the circled grey area shows that there is an irregular
mass in the lungs.
corrective lens
50 cm away
from the eye
Figure 4.1
(ii) State the type of the corrective lens and find its power. (3 marks)
(c) John plans to receive a laser surgery to correct this eye defect. To determine whether John
is suitable for the surgery, the doctor measures the thickness of John’s cornea using
ultrasound scans. Figure 4.2 below shows the A-scan display of John’s eye.
READINGS
21.74
21.74
21.74
21.74
21.74
21.74
21.74
AL(mm)21.74
AC(mm)3.27
L(mm)4.29
| . . . . | . . . . | . . . . | . . . . | . . . . | . . . . | . . . . |
V(mm)14.18
. . . . | AVG.AL21.74
SD0.00
t1 t2
Figure 4.2
(i) The two peaks of signals from the front and the back of cornea are detected at
time t1 = 4.96 s and time t2 = 5.67 s respectively. Determine the thickness of the
retina. The speed of sound is 1532 m s–1. (2 marks)
(ii) Two transducers of different frequencies are available. One emits ultrasound of
0.75 MHz and the other emits ultrasound of 8 MHz. Explain which transducer is
suitable for the scan. (2 marks)
END OF PAPER
= p = mv de Broglie formula
3 RT
A5. 2NA molecular kinetic energy D5. R = R1 + R2 resistors in series
EK =
1 1 1
D6. R R1 R2 resistors in parallel
= +
Δv Δp
B1. m force D7. P = IV = I2R power in a circuit
Δt Δt
F= =
force on a moving charge in a
B2. moment = F d moment of a force D8. F = BQv sin
magnetic field
gravitational potential force on a current-carrying
B3. EP = mgh D9. F = BIl sin
energy conductor in a magnetic field
1 2 μ0 I
mv magnetic field due to a long
B4. 2 kinetic energy D10. 2 πr straight wire
EK = B=
μ 0 NI
magnetic field inside a long
B5. P = Fv mechanical power D11.
l solenoid
B=
v
2
ΔΦ
B6. centripetal acceleration D12. N induced e.m.f.
r Δt
a= =r 2
=
Gm 1 m2 Vs Ns ratio of secondary voltage to
Newton’s law of
B7. r 2 D13. Vp Np primary voltage in a
gravitation
F= transformer
λD fringe width in
C1. a E1. N = N0ekt law of radioactive decay
double-slit interference
y =
diffraction grating t 1 ln 2
C2. d sin = n E2. 2 k half-life and decay constant
equation
=