HOLIDAY HOMEWORK

SESSION-2023-2024

SUBJECT- ENGLISH

CLASS 10th

Holiday Home Work Summer is a time to relax, be productive and to get ahead. As important as it is to
rest and enjoy, it is also important to continue to learn. You can spend your time as you wish but make
sure that along with enjoying and relaxing make this summer a time to learn new things, exploring the
opportunities available. To enhance your learning, we have planned activities to keep your skills sharp
and concepts clear.

Use your energy and give a vent to your creativity.

It will surely enhance your learning process. Relax, enjoy, have lots of fun and come back refreshed.

Let’s Start …

SECTION A- READING

1. Read the passage given below.

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family
responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is
sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you
can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The
recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more
than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day.

2. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one
hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20
minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to
bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy
or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink
caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on
quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.

3. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting
screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to
create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a
bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with
night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the
day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up
your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to
bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.

On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer the following questions.

(i) According to the author, what, from the following can be an obstacle for a good night’s sleep?

(a) Regular physical activity.

(b) Stress and anxiety.

(c) Absence of light in bedroom

(d) Weary and tiredness.

(ii) Select the option that suitably completes the dialogue with reference to paragraph 2. Zaid: Waking
up late on weekends is my favourite thing to do! But I always have problem sleeping early for the next
Monday morning. Sid: That’s because you’re not consistent! we should ……………………

(a) Limit the difference in our sleep schedule to three hours.

(b) Be habitual of sleeping anytime irrespective of our sleep schedule.

(c) Limit the difference in our daily sleep schedule to bare minimum.

(d) Sleep late every night to develop a uniform sleep schedule.

(iii) Choose the option that best conveys the message in - ‘you might not be able to control the factors.’
(a) Family responsibilities and stress are human created problems.

(b) Humans cannot control their sleep patterns and cycles.

(c) Factors like a good night’s sleep can be out of control even with good habits.

(d) Factors like illness and stress can sometimes be inevitable.

(iv) What qualities do people with a healthy sleep schedule display? Choose one option from the
following:

(a) Going to bed with a dependable routine daily.

(b) Promoting screen-time right before going to bed.

(c) Consuming caffeine and heavy diet before sleep time.

(d) Taking long afternoon naps

(v) Select the option with the underlined words that can suitably replace elusive (paragraph 1).
(a) That museum is famous for exclusive art pieces that can fetch millions in auctions.

(b) What he does with his art is tricky to copy, which is why it is so unique.

(c) She is delusional to think that everything will be alright even if she does nothing for a change.

(d) They are saying that this is the most expensive display of their gallery to this date.

(vi) An idiom is a word or phrase that isn't meant to be taken literally and usually has a cultural meaning
behind it. From the options given below, select an Idiom that appears in the para 2.

(a) sleep-wake cycle (b) soothing music (c) dark and quiet (d) wreak havoc

(vii) Select the qualities from paragraph 3, that the author wants us to imbibe to develop a healthy sleep
pattern.

(1) Being relaxed. (2) Hyper active. (3) Using laptops before bed. (4) Spending time outside. (5) Using
earplugs

(a) (1), (2) and (5) (b) (1), (3) and (4) (c) (1), (4) and (5)

(d) (1), (3) and (5)

(viii) Which of the following is shown by the exposure to light just before bedtime?

(a) It can promote better sleep.

(b) It will always keep you awake every time.

(c) It makes it more challenging to fall asleep.

(d) You will instantly fall asleep

(ix) What does the writer advise, in paragraph 2?

(a) Avoid being active too close to bedtime.

(b) Read or listen to soothing music.

(c) Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting screens.

(d) Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep.

(x) Choose the option that lists the quote best expressing the central idea of the passage.

(a) My life has the tendency to fall apart when I'm awake, you know? — Ernest Hemingway

(b) Sleep, those little slices of death — how I loathe them. — Edgar Allan Poe

(c) How sleep the brave, who sink to rest, By all their country's wishes blest! — William Collins
 (d) Sleep is that golden chain that ties health and our bodies together. — Thomas Dekker

(xi) What would be an ideal room environment to promote a good night’s sleep?

(a) cool, busy and silent

(b) cool, dark and quiet

(c) calm, dark and warm

(d) cold, damp and quiet

SECTION B -WRITING

2. World Environment Day Activity Let’s nurture the nature so that we can have a better future. Hurray!
its time to celebrate the World Environment Day on 5th June. Write an Article on the same in around
120 – 150 words to make this world a beautiful place to live in and protect our environment by following
the three R’s – Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.

3. Suppose that you were on a morning walk and caught in a heavy storm, how did you manage to save
yourself. Compose a story within 100 words

4. Write a story on the basis of the cue given below.

It was karl's first day at the new school. He was feeling very nervous. He stood in a corner and watched
the students laughing and talking excitedly. When he saw four senior students advancing towards him,
he...

5. Be a poet, now compose a poem and identify the figure of speech also. Two lines have been
composed for you-

Moon moon come and shine

SECTION C-WRITING

6. Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow.

The house—the only one in the entire valley—sat on the crest of a low hill. From this height one could
see the river and the field of ripe corn dotted with the flowers that always promised a good harvest. The
only thing the earth needed was a good downpour or at least a shower. Throughout the morning Lencho
—who knew his fields intimately—had done nothing else but see the sky towards the north-east

(i) Based on the detail of the house’s location, how can it best be described?

(a) majestic (b) imposing (c) solitary (d) unique

(ii) The field of corn dotted with flowers means that:
(a) not a single flower was bigger than a dot. (b) the flowers were scattered across. (c) the flowers were
shaped like dots. (d) the flowers had shrunk in size.
 (iii) Lencho wished for a downpour or a heavy shower. Pick the option that correctly lists the correct
match for kinds of rain.

1. Heavy rain- (i) Light rain that falls in very fine drops.

2. Thunderstorm -(ii) Very heavy rain, tropical rain.

3. Drizzle -iii) It comes down quite strongly and a person gets wet very quickly.

4. Torrential rain- (iv) Really heavy drenching rain that comes very suddenly.

5. Downpour- (v) Is a violent, short-lived weather disturbance associated with lightening thunder and
strong, gusty winds.

(a) 1-(ii), 2-(iv), 3-(v), 4-(i), 5-(iii)

(b) 1-(iv), 2-(i), 3-(iii), 4-(v), 5-(i)

(c) 1-(v), 2-(iii), 3-(iv), 4-(ii), 5-(i)

(d) 1-(iii), 2-(v), 3-(i), 4-(ii), 5-(iv)

(iv) Which quote supports the idea in the given extract?

(a) “Farming is a profession of hope.”
(b) “I would rather be on my farm than be emperor of the world.”
(c) “Farming looks mighty easy when your plough is a pencil, and you’re a thousand miles from the corn
field.”
(d) “Those too lazy to plough in the right season will have no food at the harvest.”

7. Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow.

“We, who were outlaws not so long ago, have today been given the rare privilege to be host to the
nations of the world on our own soil. We thank all of our distinguished international guests for having
come to take possession with the people of our country of what is, after all, a common victory for
justice, for peace, for human dignity.”                (i) The guests at the
spectacular ceremony are being called distinguished because :
(a) they have been invited as guests to attend it. (b) they are eminent world leaders witnessing it. (c) they
are visiting the country for this purpose. (d) they have resumed diplomatic relations with the country.

(ii) It is a victory for ‘human dignity’. Pick the option that lists the correct answer for what ‘human
dignity’ would include.

(a) (i) equality, (ii) liberty, (iii) indecency

(b) (i) liberty, (ii) indecency, (iii) self-respect

 (c) (i) immorality, (ii) self-respect, (iii) equality (d) (i) equality, (ii) liberty, (iii) self-respect (iii) (iii) Why
does the speaker say that it is a ‘rare privilege’? He says this as they have:

(a) been deprived of this honour.

(b) seldom been given this honour.

(c) experienced it for the first time.

(d) been chosen over other countries, for this honour.

8. Short Answer Type Questions: [20-30 words]

a. Why had Lencho been looking at the sky towards the northeast?
b. What were Lencho‘s feelings when the hail stopped?
c. Where did the inauguration ceremony of the first African President, Nelson Mandela take place?
d. What does Mandela mean by the phrase ‘rainbow gathering'?
e. “The sight of the food maddened him.” What does this suggest? (His First Flight)
f. What did the parents of the seagull do when the young seagull failed to gather up courage to fly?
9. Long Answer Type Questions: [100-120 words]

a)Why was Nelson Mandela overwhelmed with a sense of history? How did he succeed in ending the
apartheid regime in South Africa?

b) Why and when did the narrator say that ‘everything’ was going well, it was an easy flight’? (Black
Aeroplane)

c) you agree that the story ‘Black Aeroplane’ is a mystery? Justify.

d) What were Lencho’s feelings when he found the letter with money in it ? What did he do after
opening the letter ? What did the postmaster do to keep the faith of Lencho ?

10. An Art Integrated Project on Adman and Nicobar /Lakshadweep

a) Project on Adman & Nicobar /Lakshdweep integrated with Delhi

b) Prepare An Art Integrated Project file, related to Adman & Nicobar, describe its ‘ Culture,Religion,
Festival and Visiting places’ .
c) The project should be completely handwritten, minimum 20 pages and maximum no limit. A proper
format should be followed; the project file must include these:
 Topic of the project (cover page)
 Acknowledgement
 Certificate
 Index
 Aim of the project
 Ground work/Field Work/Research
 Learning Outcome
 Bibliography

Note:- The project should always include pictures, maps, cartoons and newspaper articles wherever
necessary.

According to the CBSE guidelines, all environment friendly material is to be used.

 RAVINDRA PUBLIC SCHOOL
Holiday Homework For Summer Vacation [Class - 10th]
Session : 2023-24
Subject – Mathematics [Chapter-1,2 & 3]

An Art Integrated Project Work On Delhi-Lakshadweep

Topic : ‘Delhi-Lakshadweep’

 Give a brief overview of two Union Territories in India – Delhi and Lakshadweep. The
overview must cover their population, economic growth rate, Literacy rate and
applications of different kinds of graphs.
 Collect the population data of Delhi and Lakshadweep for the years from 1901 to 2011
and draw the bar graphs on the same graph paper showing the variation in the
population for both.
 Based on the above population data, draw a pie chart to represent the sex ratio and
literacy rate using different colours to highlight the key points..
 Collect the data of normal rainfall in both Delhi and Lakshadweep for the years from
2002 to 2017 and draw a histogram for both to compare the rainfall variations. Also
form the histogram write the conclusions that, what are regions having minimum and
maximum rainfall?
 Draw a table for showing the salient features of the main islands of Lakshadweep and
compare these features with Delhi.

Note :
1. Use A4 size sheets for your project work and coloured A4 size sheets for the bar
graph, histogram and pie chart.
2. The project should be completely handwritten, minimum 20 pages and maximum no
limit. The number of pages depends on your topic. A proper format should be
followed, the project file must include these :
 Introduction
 Acknowledgement
 Certificate
 Index/Content
 Aim of the project
 Ground work/Field work/Research
 Conclusion
 Bibliography
1. The HCF of a and b is 5 and their LCM is 200. Find the product ab .
(a) 200 (b) 1000 (c) 500 (d) 2000
3 2 4 5
2. If p=a b and q=a b , a and b are prime numbers. What is the HCF of p and q ?
(a) a 3 b 2 (b) a 2 b 4 (c) a 3 b 5 (d) a 4 b5
3. Compute the missing entries in the following factor-tree :

(a) 20 and 40 (b) 30 and 10 (c) 42 and 21 (d) 22 and 44

4. Check whether 12 ,15 can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n .
n n

5. The area of the triangle formed by the lines y=x , x=6 and y=0 is
(a) 36 sq. units (b) 18 sq. units (c) 9 sq. units (d) 72 sq.
units
6. The value of k for which the lines 5 x+ 7 y=3 and 15 x+ 21 y=k coincide is
(a) 9 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 18
7. The value of k for which the system of equations kx − y=2 and 6 x−2 y=3 has a unique
solution
(a) 3 (b) ≠ 3 (c) ≠ 0 (d) ¿ 0
8. The pair of linear equations y=0 and y=−5has
(a) One solution (b) two solutions (c) Infinitely many solutions (d) no
solution.
9. If α and β are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial 3 x 2−5 x−2, then evaluate
2 2
(i) α +β (iii) α 4 + β 4
2 2
3 3 α β
(ii) α +β (iv) +
β α

10. If the product of two zeros of polynomial p ( x ) =2 x 3 +6 x 2−4 x+ 9 is 3 , find its third zero.
11. If α , β , γ be zeros of polynomial 6 x 3 +3 x2−5 x +1, then find the value of α −1 + β−1+ γ −1.
12. Find the values of k for which the system of equations kx − y=2∧6 x −2 y =3 has (i) a
unique solution (ii) no solution
Is there a value of k for which the system of equations has infinitely many solutions?
13. For what value of k the system of equations has no solution?
3 x+ y=1∧( 2 k −1 ) x + ( k −1 ) y=2 k +1
14. For what value of k , will the system of equations x +2 y =5∧3 x +ky −15=0 has (i) a
unique solution (ii) no solution?

15. If α and β are zeros of polynomial p ( x ) =x 2−5 x +6 , then find the value of α + β−3 αβ .
16. If one root of the polynomial p ( y )=5 y 2+ 13 y+ m is reciprocal of the other, then find the
value of m .
17. If α , β are zeros of quadratic polynomial f ( x )=2 x 2−5 x+ 7, find a polynomial whose
zeros are 2 α +3 β and 3 α + 2 β .
18. If α and β are zeros of quadratic polynomial 6 y 2−7 y +2, find a quadratic polynomial
1 1
whose zeros are and .
α β
19. For what value of k the system of equations has a unique solution(Intersecting lines):
(i) x−ky =2∧3 x +2 y=−5
(ii) 2 x−3 y=1∧kx+ 5 y =7
(iii) 2 x+ ky=1∧5 x−7 y =5
20. For what value of k the system of equations has infinitely many solutions (Coincident
lines):
(i) 5 x+ 10 y =k ∧10 x + 4 y=3
(ii) ( k −3 ) x+3 y =k∧kx +ky=12
21. For what value of k the system of equations has no solution (Parallel lines):
(i) 3 x−4 y+ 7=0∧kx +3 y −5=0
(ii) 2 x−ky +3=0∧3 x +2 y−1=0

22. Find the values of k for which the system of equations kx − y=2∧6 x −2 y =3 has (i) a
unique solution (ii) no solution
Is there a value of k for which the system of equations has infinitely many solutions?
23. Find the greatest number that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving remainders 7, 11 and
15 respectively.
24. Find the greatest number of 6 digits exactly divisible by 24, 15, 36.

25. The LCM of two numbers is 14 times their HCF. The sum of LCM and HCF is 600. If one
number is 280, then find the other number.
26. Using prime factorisation method, find the HCF and LCM of 30, 72 and 432. Also show
that HCF × LCM ≠ Product of the numbers.
27. For what value of k the system of equations has no solution?
3 x+ y=1∧( 2 k −1 ) x + ( k −1 ) y=2 k +1
28. For what value of k , will the system of equations x +2 y =5∧3 x +ky −15=0 has (i) a
unique solution (ii) no solution?
1 1
29. A fraction becomes when 1 is subtracted from the denominator and it becomes
3 4
when 8 is added to its denominator. Find the fraction.
30. The sum of a two digit number and the number formed by interchanging its digits is 110.
If 10 is subtracted from the first number, the new number is 4 more than 5 times the
sum of the digits in the first number. Find the first number.

31. Points A and B are 70 kmapart on a highway. A car starts from A from A and another
car starts from B simultaneously. If they travel in the same direction, they meet in 7
hours, but if they travel towards each other, they meet in one hour. Find the speed of
the two cars.

32. Students of a class are made to stand in rows. If one student is extra in each row, there
would be 2 rows less. If one student is less in each row, there would be 3 rows more.
Find the number of students in the class
33. There are some students in the two examination halls A and B . To make the number of
students equal in each hall, 10 students are sent from A to B. But if 20 students are sent
from B to A , the number of students in A becomes double the number of students in
B . Find the number of students in the two halls.

34. A two digit number is 3 more than 4 times the sum of its digits. If 18 is added to the
number, the digits are reversed. Represent this situation algebraically and graphically.
Case Study Problem
35. Teachers and students of class X of a school had gone to Nandan Kannan for study tour.
After visiting different places of Nandan Kannan, lastyly, they visited bird’s sanctuary
and deer park. Rohan is a clever boy and keen observer. He put the question to his
friends “How many birds are there and how many deer are there (at particular time) in
Nandan Kanna? ”Rahul’s friend, Nishith gave the correct answer as follows :
‘Nishith answered that total animals have 1000 eyes and 1400 legs’

(i) If x and y be the number of birds and deer respectively, what is the equation of
total number of eyes ?
 (a) x + y=1000 (b) x + y=500 (c) x− y =1000 (d) x− y =500
(ii) What is the equation of total number of legs?
(a) 2 x+7 y =70 (b) x +2 y =500 (c) x +2 y =700 (d) 2 x− y=500
(iii) How am y birds are there in the Zoo?
(a) 1000 (b) 5000 (c) 300 (d) 200
(iv) How many deer are there in the Zoo?
(a) 500 (b) 200 (c) 300 (d) 700
(v) The total number of animals (birds and deer) is
(a) 1000 (b) 700 (c) 500 (d) 30

Activity 1 : Perform the activity to represent the solutions of two linear equations
on the same graph paper and write the procedure as well.

Activity 2 : Perform the activity to find the nature of roots of a quadratic equation
and write the procedure as well.

RAVINDRA PUBLIC SCHOOL

Class – X (2023-24)
Holiday Homework (SCIENCE)

General Instructions
1. Holiday Homework divided into three sections.
 Section A(Creative Hands-on with Art Integration)
 Section B (Practical File Work)
 Section C (Assignment based on the covered syllabus)
2. All Sections are compulsory.

SECTION A (Creative Hands-on with Art Integration)

1. Topic: An updated Ornithology of Delhi & Lakshadweep Island

Source to be used: Internet, PDF provided by teacher
Skills enhanced – Linguistic-verbal Intelligence, Intrapersonal Intelligence,
Interpersonal Intelligence, Naturalistic Intelligence, Visual/Spatial.
Description: Make a project report on an updated Ornithology (study of
birds) of Delhi & Lakshadweep Island. Project should be creatively and
 aesthetically done in A-4 size sheets. Prepare the project report including the
following points :
 Introduction
 Current surveys
 Investigation/sight records with field notes from research paper.
 Record of bird species confined to the region.
 List of extinct species.

Section B (Practical File Work)

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata.

2. Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration.

3.Study of the following properties of acetic acid (ethanoic acid):

i) Odour

ii) solubility in water

iii) effect on litmus

iv) reaction with Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate

4.Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast and Hydra with
the help of prepared slides.

5.Identification of the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (Pea, gram or red
kidney bean).

Section C (Assignment)
LIFE PROCESSES
1 Autotrophic organism include
(a) bacteria and virus
(b) bacteria and fungi
(c) green plants and some bacteria
(d) green plants and all bacteria
2 A gland not associated with the alimentary canal is
(a) liver (b) salivary glands
(c) pancreas (d) adrenal

3 Which of the following are chiefly digested in the stomach?

(a) Carbohydrates (b) Proteins
(c) Lipids (d) Fats

4 Large intestine in man mainly carries out

(a) absorption
(b) assimilation
(c) digestion of fats
(d) digestion of carbohydrates

5 The part of the digestive system where no digestion takes place is

(a) ileum (b) stomach
(c) mouth (d) oesophagus

6 The fermentation of glucose by yeast normally yields

(a) alcohol, CO2 and 36 ATP
(b) CO2, H2O and 36 ATP
(c) alcohol, CO2 and 2ATP
(d) lactic acid, CO2 and 2 ATP

7 A large quantity of one of the following is removed from our body by lungs:
(a) CO2 and H2O (b) CO2 only
(c) H2O only (d) ammonia

8 In respiration, air passes through

(a) Pharynx → nasal cavity → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles
(b) Nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles
(c) Larynx → nasal cavity → pharynx → trachea
(d) Larynx → pharynx → trachea → lungs

9 A biochemical compound that readily combines with oxygen and distributes it

throughout
the human body is
(a) water (b) urea
(c) haemoglobin (d) acetylcholine
10 Which of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Deoxygenated blood is poured into right atrium of heart.
(b) The excretory units of flatworms are flame cells.
(c) Human kidney has about 1 million nephridia
(d) Tracheids and vessels are non-living conducting tissues.

11 The filtration units of kidneys are called

(a) ureter (b) urethra
(c) neurons (d) nephrons

12. In human alimentary canal, name the site of complete digestion of various
components of food. Explain the process of digestion.

13. (a) What is the role of HCl in our stomach?

(b) What is emulsification of fats?
(c) Which protein digesting enzyme is present in pancreatic juice?

14. Explain the process of breakdown of glucose in a cell

(a) in the presence of oxygen,
(b) in the absence of oxygen.

15. (a) “The breathing cycle is rhythmic whereas exchange of gases is a continuous
process”. Justify this statement.
(b) What happens if conducting tubes of circulatory system develops a leak? State
in brief, how could this be avoided?
(c) How opening and closing of stomata takes place?

16. In single celled organisms’ diffusion is sufficient to meet all their requirements
of food, exchange of gases or removal of wastes but it is not in case of
multicellular organisms. Explain the reason for this difference.

17.(a) State three common features of respiratory organs of animals.

(b) Write two points of difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic
respiration.

18. (a) Name two different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in
various organisms.
(b) Write any two differences between the two ways of oxidation of glucose in
organisms.
19 (a) Describe the mechanism of breathing in human beings.
(b) (i) Under normal conditions, what is the rate of breathing per minute?
(ii) Why does the rate of breathing increase by 20 to 25 times during vigorous
exercise?

20. Explain the process by which inhalation occurs during breathing in human
beings.

21. How does gaseous exchange take place in Amoeba?

22. What are stomata and lenticels? What is their role in respiration?

23.How does gaseous exchange take place in fish?

24. Draw a diagram of human respiratory system and label on it:

(a) Diaphragm (b) Larynx (c) Alveoli (d) trachea (e)Bronchioles

25. In mammals and birds why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and de-
oxygenated blood?

26. Mention the three kinds of cells present in blood. Write one function of each.

27. List the three kinds of blood vessels of human circulatory system and write
their functions in tabular form.

28. Draw a diagram of the front view of human heart and label any six parts
including at least two, that are concerned with arterial blood supply to the heart
muscles.

29.Observe the experimental set up and answer the questions given below.
Note that the bell jars are inverted over the plants after the plants are kept in dark
for 72 hours. Also, the set-up is air tight. The set-up is kept in sunlight for a few
hours and then starch test is done on leaves of both plants.
1. What is the aim of this experiment?
2. Why are the plants to be kept in the dark for 72 hours?
3. What is the role of KOH in this experiment?

30. Observe the experimental setup given below and answer the following
questions.

(i) Identify the liquids labelled as A and B.

(ii) Why is the leaf supposed to be first boiled in A and then in B?
(iii) Can the leaf be boiled in B directly over the flame of the burner? Give reason.

31.Our body needs to remove the wastes that build up from cell activities and from
digestion. If these wastes are not removed, then our cells can stop working and we
can get very sick. The organs of excretory system consist of a pair of kidneys, a
pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra. Each kidney is made up of nearly
one million complex tubular structures called nephrons.
The formation of urine involves various processes that take place in the different
parts of the nephrons. Each nephron consists of a cup- shaped upper end called
Bowman’s capsule containing a bunch of capillaries called glomerulus. Bowman’s
capsule leads to tubular structure, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle and
distal convoluted tubule which ultimately join the collecting tubule.

The following substances are the excretory products in animals. Choose the least
toxic form.
A. Urea
B. Uric acid
C. Ammonia
D. All of these

2. Glomerular filtrate is first collected by

A. Distal convoluted tubule
B. proximal convoluted tubule
C. Bowman’s capsule space
D. loop of Henle

3. The outline of principal events of urination is given below in random order.

I) stretch receptors on the wall of urinary bladder send signals to the CNS.
II) The bladder fills with urine and become distended.
III) Micturition (voiding out urine)
IV) CNS passes on motor messages to initiate the contraction of smooth muscles of
bladder and simultaneous relaxation of urethral sphincter.
The correct sequence of the events is
A. I → II → III→ IV
B. IV → III → II→ I
C. II → I→ IV → III
D. III → II→ I→ IV

4. Urine formation occurs through

A. Ultrafiltration, reabsorption, secretion.
B. Secretion, osmosis, ultrafiltration and reabsorption.
C. Only filtration and absorption.
D. Only osmosis and secretion.

ASSERTION REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

Following questions consists of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
B. Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
C. Assertion is true but reason is false.
D. Assertion is false and reason is true.

1)Assertion: Kidneys perform a dual function in our body.

Reason: Selective reabsorption occurs in the glomerulus.
2) Assertion: Mammals and birds have four chambered hearts.
Reason: Mammals and birds are warm blooded.

3) Assertion: Mammals has double circulation.

Reason: Higher energy need due to endothermy (warm blooded).

4)Assertion: Veins have valves.

Reason: The pressure for the flow is far lesser compared to arteries.

5)Assertion: Kidneys purify blood.

Reason: Renal vein has more Oxygen than renal artery.

6)Assertion: Arteries always carry oxygenated blood.

Reason: Arteries transport blood from the heart to different parts of the body.

7)Assertion: The left atrium and left ventricle are completely separated from the
right atrium and the right ventricle.
Reason: Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood never mix with each other inside the
heart.

8)Assertion: In plants gaseous exchange takes place by the opening and closing of
guard cells.
Reason: The exchange of gases occurs across the surface of stem, roots and leaves.

9)Assertion: The Alveoli provide a surface where exchange of gases takes place.
Reason: The Alveolar blood vessels transport oxygenated blood to all the cells of
the body.

10)Assertion: Tracheal cartilage is present in the throat.

Reason: The larynx plays an important role in human speech

RAVINDRA PUBLIC SCHOOL

Holiday Homework For Summer Vacation [Class - 10th]
Session : 2023-24
Subject – Physics [Chapter-10 & 12]
1. Of the two bulbs in a house, one glows brighter than the other. Which of the two has a
larger resistance?
 (a) The dim bulb (b) the brighter bulb (c) both have the same resistance (d) becomes
four times
2. Unit of electric power may also be expressed as :
(a) Volt metre (b) kilowatt hour (c) watt second (d) joule second
3. A student plots V −I graph for three samples of nichrome wire with resistances R1 , R 2
and R3 . Choose from the following the statement that holds true for this graph.

(a) R1=R 2=R3 (b) R1 > R2 > R3(c) R1 < R2 < R3 (d) R2 > R1 > R3
4. For a spherical mirror focal length ' f ' and radius of curvature ' R ' are correlated as :
R 1
(a) f =R (b) f =2 R (c) f = (d)
2 R
5. A ray of light AM is incident on a concave mirror as shown below. Then which of the
following ray diagrams is correct for the incident ray?

6. In a convex mirror for any position of the object in front of mirror, the image formed is
(a) Between P and F (b) virtual and erect (c) diminished (d) all of
these
 7. Focal length of a convex lens is 25cm. Its power is
(a) + 4 D (b) −4 D (c) −0.4 D (d) 0.4 D
8. Two lenses of power +12 D and −2 D are placed in contact. The focal length of the
combination is
(a) +10 cm (b) +12.5 cm (c) +16.6 cm (d) +8.3 cm
9. Focal length of a plane mirror is
(a) 0 (b) ∞ (c) it does not have any focal length (d) none of the
above.
10. The refractive index of glass is 1.5. What is meant by this statement?
11. Define the power of a lens and hence define one diopter.
12. If the magnification of a mirror is +1. What does this signify?
13. Draw ray diagrams for a concave mirror when the object is placed :
(i) Between its pole and focus
(ii) Between its centre of curvature and focus point

14. Define the term absolute refractive index.

(i) The absolute refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this
statement?
(ii) Refractive indices of media A, B, C and D are given below :

Media A B C D

Refractive index 1.33 1.44 1.52 1.65

In which of these four media is the speed of light (i) minimum, and (ii) maximum? Find
refractive index of medium C with respect to medium B.

15. An object 4.0cm in size, is placed 25.0cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length
1.0cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a
sharp image? Find the nature and the size of the image.

In the following assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Choose the
correct answer out of the following choices

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and the reason is correct explanation of
the assertion.
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but and Reason (A) is true
16. Assertion (A) : Concave mirrors are used in headlight of vehicles and searchlights.
Reason (R) : Because concave mirror always forms a virtual and erect image.
17. Assertion (A) : Power of a concave lens is always negative.
Reason (R) : Because the focal length concave lens is always positive.

18. Case Study Based Question :

Analyse the following observation table showing variation of image-distance (v) with
object-distance ( u ) in case of a convex lens and answer the questions that follow without
doing any calculations

S.No. Object-distance u(cm) Image-distance v(cm)

1 −100 +25

2 −60 +30

3 −40 + 40

4 −30 +60

5 −25 +100

6 −15 +120

(i) What is the focal length of the convex lens? Give reason to justify your answer.
(ii) Write the serial number of the observation which is not correct. On what basis
have you arrived at this conclusion?
(iii) Select an appropriate scale and draw a ray diagram for the observation at
S.No.2. Also find the approximate value of magnification.

19. The maximum resistance which can be made using four resistors each if 2 Ω is
(a) 2 Ω (b) 4 Ω (c) 8 Ω (d) 16 Ω

In the following assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Choose the
correct answer out of the following choices

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and the reason is correct explanation of
the assertion.
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
 (d) Assertion (A) is false but and Reason (A) is true

20. Assertion (A) : The metals and alloys are good conductor of electricity.
Reason (R) : Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin and it is not a good conductor of
electricity.
21. Assertion (A) : Stretching a wire to triple of its length, makes its resistivity three times.
l
Reason (R) : R=ρ
A
22. Assertion (A) : The connecting wires are made of copper.
Reason (R) : The electrical conductivity of copper is high.

23. State the factors on which the resistance of a cylindrical conductor depends. How will
resistance of a conductor change if it is stretched so that its length is doubled?
24. Write joule’s law of heating. Two lamps, one rated 100W ; 220V and the other 601w ;
220V are connected in parallel to electric mains supply. Find the current drawn by two
bulbs from the line if the supply voltage is 220V.
25. In the given circuit, calculate (i) total resistance of the circuit, and (ii) current shown by
ammeter.

26. A torch bulb is rated 5V and 500mA. Calculate its (i) power (ii) resistance and (iii) energy
consumed when it is lighted for 4 hours.
27. A wire is 1.0m long, 0.2mm in diameter and has a resistance of 10 Ω . Calculate the
resistivity of its material.
28. Find the equivalent resistance across the two ends A and B of this circuit.

29. There are two ways in which resistors can be combined in a circuit as shown below:
 These are the series and parallel combinations. In series combination, the current
through each resistor remains same while in parallel combination the potential across
each resistor is same.
(i) What is the potential difference across a combination of a resistor in series?
(ii) In a series combination of resistors, what is the current through each resistor?
(iii) If resistors are connected in parallel (in the diagram) have a value of 15W, what
is the net resistance?
(iv) If 5 resistors, each of value 2.0 ohm are connected in series, what will be the
resultant resistance?
30. Write any differences between a real image and virtual image.

Activity : Activity to perform the refraction of light through a triangular glass

prism. Write the procedure and conclusion part as well.

Ravindra Public School

Assignment (Holiday Homework)
Class-X (2023-24)
Subject- Social Studies

1)Choose the correct option:-

1.1) Who, among the following formed a secret society, called ‘Young Italy’ ?
(a) Otto Von Bismarck
(b) Giuseppe Mazzini
(c) Metternich
(d) Johann Gottfried Herder

1.2) Which one of the following types of government was functioning in France before the revolution of
1789 ?
(a) Dictatorship
(b) Military
(c) Body of French Citizen
(d) Monarchy

1.3) Who, among the following, was the architect of the process of ‘National Unification’ of Prussia ?
(a) Matternich
(b) Guiseppe Mazzini
(c) Victor Emmanuel
(d) Otto von Bismarck

1.4) Choose the incorrect statement.

(a) Belgium and Sri Lanka are democracies
(b) Both of them dealt with the question of power-sharing similarly
(c) In Belgium, leaders realised that unity of the country was possible only by respecting the feelings and
interests of all communities

1.5) Choose the incorrect statement.

(a) Belgium and Sri Lanka are democracies
(b) Both of them dealt with the question of power-sharing similarly
(c) In Belgium, leaders realised that unity of the country was possible only by respecting the feelings and
interests of all communities

1.6) Who elects the community government in Belgium?

(a) People belonging to one language community only
(b) By the leader of Belgium
(c) The citizens of the whole country
(d) The community leaders to Belgium
1.7) Life expectancy at birth means:
(a) average expected length of life of a person at the time of birth
(b) average expected length of life of a person at the time of death
(c) average expected length of a child at the time of birth
(d) None of the above

1.8) Which one of the following is the most important attribute while comparing the level of development
of various countries?
(a) Population
(b) Social status of the people
(c) Political status
(d) Per capita income

1.9) Underemployment occurs when people:

(a) do not want to work
(b) are working in a lazy manner
(c) are working less than what they are capable of doing
(d) are not paid for their work

. 2) The following questions consist of two statements — Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true
2.1) Assertion (A) : Laterite has been derived from the Latin word ‘later’ which means brick.
Reason (R) : The Forest soil develops under tropical and subtropical climate with alternate wet and dry
season.
2.2) Assertion(A): Initially Napoleon was welcomed by people but later people lost faith in him.
Reason(R): Increased taxation, censorship, forced conscription into the French armies created hostile
situation.

3) What development promises?- Different people , Different goals.

4)Answer the following questions in (30 – 40) words:-

4.1) Mention any two features of the Napoleonic Code.
4.2) Name the countries which met in Vienna in 1815 for the Vienna Congress.
4.3) Name the countries which met in Vienna in 1815 for the Vienna Congress.
4.4) How can you say that resources are not free gifts of nature?
4.5) What is meant by sustainable development?

4.6) Why was Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit convened in 1992?

4.7) What is meant by a community government?
4.8) Name the ethnic communities of Sri Lanka.
4.9) What is the feature of a good democratic government?
4.10) What is meant by the average income?
4.11) Why is per capita income of different countries calculated in dollars and not in their own currencies
by the World Bank?
4.12) Which countries are called rich countries as per the World Development Report, 2012?
5)Answer the following questions in (100-120) words:-
5.1) ‘Napoleon was a great administrator’. Explain the statement in the light of the changes he brought
about in France.
5.2) How did nationalism develop through culture in Europe? Explain.
5.3) Explain the contribution of Giuseppe Mazzini in spreading revolutionary ideas in Europe.
5.4) Explain the contribution of Otto von Bismarck in German unification.
5.5) What is Agenda 21?
5.6) Mention any two human activities which are responsible for the process of soil erosion. Explain the
two types of soil erosion mostly observed in India.
5.7) What is meant by land degradation? Write five human activities which are mainly responsible for
land degradation in India.
5.8) ‘Belgium and Sri Lanka dealt with the question of power sharing differently’. Explain.
5.9) Explain the four forms of participation in government under modern democratic system.
5.10) With the help of examples show two groups who may have different notions of development.
5.11) ‘Money cannot buy all the goods and services that one needs to live well.’ Explain.

6) Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
Frederic Sorrieu prepared a series of four prints visualizing his dream of a world made up of ‘democratic
and social Republics’, as he called them. The first print of the series shows the peoples of Europe and
America – men and women of all ages and social classes – marching in a long train, and offering homage
to the Statue of Liberty as they pass by it. Artists of the time of the French Revolution personified Liberty
as a female figure. She bears the torch of Enlightenment in one hand and the Charter of the Rights of Man
in the other. On the earth in the foreground of the image lie the shattered remains of the symbols of
absolutist institutions. In Sorrieu’s utopian vision, the peoples of the world are grouped as distinct nations,
identified through their flags and national costume. Leading the procession, way past the Statue of
Liberty, are the United States and Switzerland, which by this time were already nation-states.
France, identifiable by the revolutionary tricolour, has just reached the statue. She is followed by the
peoples of Germany, bearing the black, red and gold flag.
6.1) Who was Frederic Sorrieu?
6.2) Describe the word ‘absolutist’.
6.3) Which of the following is correct with respect to “utopian vision”?
1. Homogenous society
2. Monarchical society
3. Ideal society
4. All are correct

7) Picture based question:-

Which of the following event is described in the image?
a)Signing of Treaty of Vienna.
b) Finding if Young Europe in berne 1833.
c) Giuseppe Mazzini unifying Italy.
d) none of the above

Map work: Locate and label the following on the political map of India:-
(i)Major soil Types
(ii) Water Resources : Dams - Salal,Bhakra Nangal,Teheri,Rana Pratap Sagar,Sardar Sarover ,Hirakud,
Nagarjuna Sagar,Tungabhadra.

Art integrated activity:-

Prepare a project file with following details:
The total length of the project report should not be more than 10 and 12 written pages of. A-4 size
sheet .
 Every student has to compulsorily undertake a project on “Consumer Awareness and
Rights”
: The content must cover the following:
• Meaning of Consumer Awareness
• Forms of Consumer Exploitation / Malpractices
• Factors causing exploitation of the Consumers
• Enactment of COPRA 1986 and its benefits
• Role of WTO in protection of Consumers
• Rights and Duties of the Consumers
• Consumer Protection Measures

Collect the information and make a PPT on the tourist place, religion, festival etc. of “Delhi Vs
Andaman & Nicobar / Lakshadweep”.
 Introduction
 Similarities and dissimilarities between the integrated states, consider following points-
 List of tourist places
 Festivals celebrated in the respective states.
 Traditional cusines.
 Religion