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    Eye Anatomy

    Uploaded by

    Vince Daymiel
    The eye sits in the orbit, which contains six extraocular muscles that move the eye. The sclera covers the eyeball and the tear film, composed of three layers, keeps the front of the eye lubricated. The cornea and lens focus light into the eye, with the cornea providing 70% of the eye's focusing power and the lens providing 30%. Light passes through the vitreous humor and strikes the retina, where it is converted to electrical signals sent to the brain via the optic nerve. The retina contains rods for peripheral vision and cones for central vision and color perception.

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    Eye Anatomy

    Uploaded by

    Vince Daymiel
    51 views2 pages
    The eye sits in the orbit, which contains six extraocular muscles that move the eye. The sclera covers the eyeball and the tear film, composed of three layers, keeps the front of the eye lubricated. The cornea and lens focus light into the eye, with the cornea providing 70% of the eye's focusing power and the lens providing 30%. Light passes through the vitreous humor and strikes the retina, where it is converted to electrical signals sent to the brain via the optic nerve. The retina contains rods for peripheral vision and cones for central vision and color perception.

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    The eye sits in the orbit, which contains six extraocular muscles that move the eye. The sclera covers the eyeball and the tear film, composed of three layers, keeps the front of the eye lubricated. The cornea and lens focus light into the eye, with the cornea providing 70% of the eye's focusing power and the lens providing 30%. Light passes through the vitreous humor and strikes the retina, where it is converted to electrical signals sent to the brain via the optic nerve. The retina contains rods for peripheral vision and cones for central vision and color perception.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    51 views2 pages

    Eye Anatomy

    Uploaded by

    Vince Daymiel
    The eye sits in the orbit, which contains six extraocular muscles that move the eye. The sclera covers the eyeball and the tear film, composed of three layers, keeps the front of the eye lubricated. The cornea and lens focus light into the eye, with the cornea providing 70% of the eye's focusing power and the lens providing 30%. Light passes through the vitreous humor and strikes the retina, where it is converted to electrical signals sent to the brain via the optic nerve. The retina contains rods for peripheral vision and cones for central vision and color perception.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Eye Anatomy: Parts of the Eye and How We See

    To understand the diseases and conditions that can affect the eye, it helps to understand
    basic eye anatomy. Here is a tour of the eye starting from the outside, going in through the
    front and working to the back.

     Eye Anatomy: Parts of the Eye Outside the Eyeball


    The eye sits in a protective bony socket called the orbit. Six extraocular muscles in the
    orbit are attached to the eye. These muscles move the eye up and down, side to side,
    and rotate the eye.

    The extraocular muscles are attached to the white part of the eye called the sclera. This
    is a strong layer of tissue that covers nearly the entire surface of the eyeball.

    The layers of the tear film keep the front of the eye lubricated.
    Tears lubricate the eye and are made up of three layers. These three layers together are
    called the tear film. The mucous layer is made by the conjunctiva. The watery part of
    the tears is made by the lacrimal gland. The eye’s lacrimal gland sits under the outside
    edge of the eyebrow (away from the nose) in the orbit. The meibomian glandmakes the
    oil that becomes another part of the tear film. Tears drain from the eye through the tear
    duct.

    The Front of the Eye


    Light is focused into the eye through the clear, dome-shaped front portion of the eye
    called the cornea.
    Behind the cornea is a fluid-filled space called the anterior chamber. The fluid is
    called aqueous humor. The eye is always producing aqueous humor. To maintain a
    constant eye pressure, aqueous humor also drains from the eye in an area called
    the drainage angle.
    Behind the anterior chamber is the eye’s iris (the colored part of the eye) and the dark hole in
    the middle called the pupil. Muscles in the iris dilate (widen) or constrict (narrow) the pupil to
    control the amount of light reaching the back of the eye.
    Directly behind the pupil sits the lens. The lens focuses light toward the back of the eye. The
    lens changes shape to help the eye focus on objects up close. Small fibers called zonules are
    attached to the capsule holding the lens, suspending it from the eye wall. The lens is
    surrounded by the lens capsule, which is left in place when the lens is removed
    during cataract surgery. Some types of replacement intraocular lenses go inside the capsule,
    where the natural lens was.
    By helping to focus light as it enters the eye, the cornea and the lens both play important roles
    in giving us clear vision. In fact, 70% of the eye's focusing power comes from the cornea and
    30% from the lens.
    The Back of the Eye
    The vitreous cavity lies between the lens and the back of the eye. A jellylike substance
    called vitreous humor fills the cavity.
    Light that is focused into the eye by the cornea and lens passes through the vitreous onto
    the retina — the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of the eye.
    A tiny but very specialized area of the retina called the macula is responsible for giving
    us our detailed, central vision. The other part of the retina, the peripheral retina,
    provides us with our peripheral (side) vision.

    The retina has special cells called photoreceptors. These cells change light into energy
    that is transmitted to the brain. There are two types of photoreceptors: rods and cones.
    Rods perceive black and white, and enable night vision. Cones perceive color, and
    provide central (detail) vision.
    The retina sends light as electrical impulses through the optic nerve to the brain. The
    optic nerve is made up of millions of nerve fibers that transmit these impulses to the
    visual cortex — the part of the brain responsible for our sight.

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