Java

Java Sparkles
(Complete Logical Programming Guide)

SRINIVAS GARAPATI

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113

Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Contents

S No Topic Page Num

01 Formatting Output 02
02 Scanner Class – Reading input 05
03 Basic Programs 08
04 If Block Programs 13
05 If Else Block Programs 15
06 If Else If Block 19
07 Nested If Block 22
08 Loops Introduction 26
09 For Loop Programs 27
10 While Loop Programs 33
11 Break & Continue 42
12 Switch Case 43
13 Do While Loop 45
14 Nested For Loop 46
15 Range Based Programs 48
16 Pattern Programs 51
17 Methods 80
18 Recursion 82
19 Menu Driven Programs 84
20 Arrays 88
21 Two Dimensional arrays 112
22 Strings 118

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 1
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Formatting Output

Introduction: It is important to format the output before display the results to end user.
Proper formatting makes the user more understandable about program results.

We always display results in String format. To format the output, we concatenate the
values such as int, char, double, boolean with messages (string type) as follows:

Syntax Example
int + int = int 10 + 20 = 30
String + String = String “Java” + “Book” = JavaBook
“10” + “20” = 1020
String + int = String “Book” + 1 = Book1
“123” + 456 = 123456
String + int + int = String “Sum = “ + 10 + 20 = Sum1020
String + (int + int) = String “Sum = “ + (10 + 20) = Sum30
String + double = String “Value = “ + 23.45 = Value = 23.45
String – int = Error

Practice Codes

class Pro1
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int a=10;
System.out.println("a value is : " + a);
}
}
Output: a value is : 10

class Pro2
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int a=10, b=20 ;
System.out.println(a + " , " + b);
}
}
Output : 10, 20

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 2
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

class Pro3
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int a=10, b=20 ;
System.out.println("a = " + a + ", b = " + b);
}
}
Output : a=10, b=20

class Pro4
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=10, b=20 ;
System.out.println("a = " + a + "\n" + "b = " + b);
}
}
Output: a=10
b=20

class Pro5
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String name = "Amar" ;
String course = "Java" ;
String book = "Crackles";
System.out.println(name + " practice " + course + " from " + book);
}
}
Output: Amar practice Java from Crackles

class Pro6
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int id = 101 ;
String name = "Amar" ;
double salary = 38000 ;
S.o.P("ID = " + id + "\nName = " + name + "\nSalary = " + salary);
}
}
Output: ID = 101
Name = Amar
Salary = 38000

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 3
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

class Pro7
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int amt = 3000;
int num = 102 ;
S.o.p("update account set bal = bal + " + amt + " where num = " + num);
}
}
Output: update account set bal = bal + 3000 where num=102

class Pro8
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String lang = "Java";
System.out.println("'" + lang + "' tutorial");
}
}
Output: ‘Java’ tutorial

class Pro9
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int id = 101 ;
String name = "amar" ;
double salary = 35000 ;
S.o.p("insert into employee values(" + id + ",'"+name+"',"+salary+")");
}
}
Output: insert into employee values(101, 'amar' , 35000)

class Pro10
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String lang = "Java";
System.out.println("\"" + lang + "\" is awesome");
}
}
Output: “Java” is awesome

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 4
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Reading input - Scanner Class

Scanner Class:
 Using java library class Scanner, we can read input like integers, characters, strings,
double values from the user.
 Different methods to read different values such as nextInt(), next(), nextDouble()…
 We need to specify the Keyboard(System.in) while creating Scanner class object.
o Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
 We access all the methods using object reference name.

Reading integer value: nextInt() method read and returns an integer value
import java.util.Scanner;
class ReadInt {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter integer : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
System.out.println("n value is : " + n);
}
}

Output: Enter integer : 10

n value is : 10

Reading Boolean value: nextBoolean() method returns Boolean value that we entered
import java.util.Scanner;
class ReadBoolean {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter boolean value : ");
boolean b = scan.nextBoolean();
System.out.println("b value is : " + b);
}
}

Output: Enter Boolean value : true

b value is : true

Reading String: using next() method we can read single word string from the user
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 5
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter your name : ");
String name = scan.next();
System.out.println("Hello : " + name);
}
}

Output: Enter your name: Amar

Hello : Amar

Reading character: There is no method in Scanner class to read single character, hence we read
first character of String to read single character as follows
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter character : ");
char ch = scan.next().charAt(0);
System.out.println("Input character is : " + ch);
}
}

Output: Enter character : A

Input character is : A

Reading multi-word String: nextLine() method can read string includes spaces
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter string with spaces : ");
String s = scan.nextLine();
System.out.println("Input String is : " + s);
}
}

Output : Enter string with spaces : This is core concept

Input String is : This is core concept

InputMismatchException: A runtime error occurs if the user enters invalid input instead of
expected. We use exception handling process(try-catch) to display the error message.
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 6
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
try{
System.out.print("Enter integer : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
System.out.println("Input n value : " + n);
}
catch (InputMismatchException e){
System.out.println("Exception : Please enter integer only");
}
}
}

Output: Enter integer : abc

Exception : Please enter integer only.

Read Employee details and print:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter Emp details : ");
int id = scan.nextInt();
String name = scan.next();
double salary = scan.nextDouble();
System.out.println("Details : " + id + ", " + name + ", " + salary);
}
}

Output : Enter Emp details :

101
Amar
53000
Details : 101, Amar, 53000.0

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 7
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Basic Programs in Java

Find the average of two numbers:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num1= 5 , num2 = 3;
int avg = (num1+num2)/2;
System.out.println("Average : " + avg);
}
}
Output: Average : 4

Find the Sum of Square and Cube of a Number:

class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a = 5;
int sq = a*a;
int cu = a*a*a;
int sum = sq + cu;
System.out.println("Square of : " + a + " is : " + sq);
System.out.println("Cube of : " + a + " is : " + cu);
System.out.println("Sum is : " + sum);
}
}
Output: Square of : 5 is : 25
Cube of : 5 is : 125

Perform Arithmetic Operations:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter two integers : ");
int a = scan.nextInt();
int b = scan.nextInt();
System.out.println(a + " + " + b + " = " + (a+b));
System.out.println(a + " - " + b + " = " + (a-b));
System.out.println(a + " * " + b + " = " + (a*b));
System.out.println(a + " / " + b + " = " + (a/b));
System.out.println(a + " % " + b + " = " + (a%b));
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 8
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Output: Enter two integers :

5
2
5+2=7
5–2=3
5 * 2 = 10
5/2=2
5%2=1

Print Last Digit of given Number:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter a number : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int d = n%10;
System.out.println("Last digit of " + n + " is " + d);
}
}

Output: Enter a number : 123

Last digit of 123 is 3

Remove Last Digit of Given Number

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter a number : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
n = n/10;
System.out.println("After remove last digit : " + n);
}
}

Output: Enter a number : 123

After remove last digit : 12

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 9
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Find the Sum of First N Natural Numbers:

Formula: n(n+1)/2
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n ;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter n value : ");
n = scan.nextInt();
int sum = n*(n+1)/2;
System.out.println("Sum of First " + n + " numbers : " + sum);
}
}
Output: Enter n value : 5
Sum of First 5 numbers : 15

Calculate Total Salary of Employee:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter basic salary : ");
double basic = scan.nextDouble();
double hra = 0.25*basic;
double ta = 0.2*basic;
double da = 0.15*basic;
double total = basic + hra + ta + da ;
System.out.println("Total Salary : " + total);
}
}
Output: Enter basic salary : 25000
Total Salary : 40000

Find the Third Angle in Triangle:

 Sum of angles of a triangle is 180 degrees
 If two angles given, then third angle become -> c = 180 – (a+b)
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a, b, c;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter two angles of triangle: ");

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 10
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

a = scan.nextInt();
b = scan.nextInt();
c = 180 - (a + b);
System.out.println("Third angle is : " + c);
}
}
Output: Enter two angles of triangle :
40
65
Third angle is : 75

Swap two Numbers:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=5, b=3;
System.out.println("Before Swap : " + a + ", " + b);
int temp=a;
a=b;
b=temp;
System.out.println("After Swap : " + a + ", " + b);
}
}

Output: Before Swap : 5, 3

After Swap : 3, 5

Swap two numbers without third variable:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=5, b=3;
System.out.println(“Before Swap : “ + a + “, “ + b);
a = a+b;
b = a-b;
a = a-b;
System.out.println(“After Swap : “ + a + “, “ + b);
}
}
Output: Before Swap : 5, 3
After Swap : 3, 5

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 11
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Display Amount based on Quantity: Accept the rate for a dozen bananas and the
quantity required to determine the cost:
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
double cost, quantity, amount;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter cost for dozen bananas: ");
cost = scan.nextDouble();
System.out.println("Enter quantity : ");
quantity = scan.nextDouble();
amount = quantity/12 * cost ;
System.out.println("Amount is : " + amount);
}
}
Output: Enter cost for dozen bananas : 40
Enter quantity : 60
Amount is : 200.0

Program to convert days to years weeks and days:

years = days / 365.
weeks = (days – (year * 365)) / 7.
days = days – ((years * 365) + (weeks * 7)).

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int days, years, weeks;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter days : ");
days = scan.nextInt();
years = (days / 365);
weeks = (days % 365) / 7;
days = days - ((years * 365) + (weeks * 7));
System.out.println(years+" years " + weeks + " weeks " + days + " days");
}
}
Output: Enter days : 500
1 years 19 weeks 2 days

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 12
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

If Block Programs

If Block: It is used to execute a block of instructions if the condition is valid.

Syntax Flow Chart

if(Condition)
{
If-block-logic;
}

Program to give 15% discount on bill if the bill amount is greater than 5000
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter bill amount : ");
double bill = scan.nextDouble();
if(bill > 5000){
double discount = 0.15 * bill;
bill = bill - discount;
}
System.out.println("Final bill to pay : " + bill);
}
}

Output: Enter bill amount : 6000

Final bill to pay : 5400.0

Program to give 20% bonus on salary if the employee has more than 5 years of
experience:
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter salary : ");
double salary = scan.nextDouble();

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 13
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

System.out.println("Enter experience : ");

int exp = scan.nextInt();
if(exp>5){
double bonus = 0.2*salary;
salary = salary + bonus ;
}
System.out.println("Salary to pay : " + salary);
}
}

Output: Enter salary : 30000

Enter experience : 7
Salary to pay : 36000

Program to give 200 rupees cash back if the customer pay minimum 50% amount
of credit bill:
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Credit card bill amount : ");
double bill = scan.nextDouble();
System.out.println("Enter amount to pay : ");
double amount = scan.nextDouble();
double min = 0.5*bill;
int cashback = 0;
if(amount >= min){
cashback = 200 ;
}
System.out.println("Thank you for payment of : " + amount);
System.out.println("Your cash back is : " + cashback);
}
}

Output: Enter Credit car bill amount : 20000

Enter amount to pay : 12000
Thank you for payment of : 12000
Your cash back is : 200

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 14
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

If Else Block Programs

Else Block: It executes when the given condition of if block fails. Else block is optional for
if block. Else block cannot be defined without IF block.
Syntax Flow Chart

if(Condition)
{
If-stats;
}
else
{
Else-stats;
}

Program to check the input number is Positive or Negative:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter an integer : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
if(n>=0)
System.out.println("Positive number");
else
System.out.println("Negative number");
}
}
Output: Enter an integer: 5
Positive Number

Check the input number is Even or Odd:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter number : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
if(n%2==0)
System.out.println("Even number");

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 15
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

else
System.out.println("Not even number");
}
}
Output: Enter number: 7
Not even number

Program to Check Person can Vote or Not:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter age : ");
int age = scan.nextInt();
if(age>=18)
System.out.println("Eligible for Vote");
else
System.out.println("Wait " + (18-age) + " more years to vote");
}
}
Output: Enter age: 13
Wait 5 more years to vote

Program to find the biggest of two numbers:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter 2 numbers : ");
int a = scan.nextInt();
int b = scan.nextInt();
if(a>b)
System.out.println("a is big");
else
System.out.println("b is big");
}
}
Output: Enter 2 numbers:
10
20
b is big

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 16
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to check the character is Vowel or Not

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter character : ");
char ch = scan.next().charAt(0);
if(ch=='a' || ch=='e' || ch=='i' || ch=='o' || ch=='u')
System.out.println("Vowel");
else
System.out.println("Not vowel");
}
}
Output: Enter character: g
Not vowel

Program to check the character is Alphabet or Not:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter character : ");
char ch = scan.next().charAt(0);
if((ch>='A' && ch<='Z') || (ch>='a' && ch<='z'))
System.out.println("Alphabet");
else
System.out.println("Not an Alphabet");
}
}
Output: Enter character : 3
Not an Alphabet

Program to Check Login details are Correct or Not:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter user name : ");
String user = scan.next();
System.out.println("Enter password : ");
int pwd = scan.nextInt();

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 17
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

if(user.equals("logic") && pwd==1234)

System.out.println("Login Success");
else
System.out.println("Error : Invalid login");
}
}
Output: Enter user name : logic
Enter password : 1111
Error : Invalid login

Program to Check the Number between 30 and 50 or not:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter number between 30 and 50 : ");
int num = scan.nextInt();
if(num>=30 && num<=50)
System.out.println("Valid number entered");
else
System.out.println("Invalid number entered");
}
}
Output: Enter number between 30 and 50 : 54
Invalid number entered

Check the input year is Leap year or Not:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter year : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
if((n%400==0) || (n%4==0 && n%100!=0))
System.out.println("Leap year");
else
System.out.println("Not a leap year");
}
}
Output: Enter year : 1996
Leap year

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 18
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

If Else If block

If else If: The if-else-if ladder statement executes only block among multiple we defined
based on valid condition.
Syntax Flow Chart
if(condition1){
Statement1;
}
else if(condition2){
Statement2;
}
else if(condition3){
Statement3;
}
else{
Statement4;
}

Check the Number is Positive or Negative or Zero

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter n value : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
if(n>0)
System.out.println("Positive num");
else if(n<0)
System.out.println("Negative num");
else
System.out.println("Zero");
}
}
Output: Enter n value : -13
Negative num

Check the Character is Alphabet or Digit or Symbol

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter character : ");

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 19
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

char ch = scan.nextLine().charAt(0);
if((ch>='A' && ch<='Z') || (ch>='a' && ch<='z'))
System.out.println("Alphabet");
else if(ch>='0' && ch<='9')
System.out.println("Digit");
else
System.out.println("Special Symbol");
}
}
Output: Enter character: 0
Digit

Program to check the input year is Leap or Not:

Leap Year rules:
 400 multiples are leap years : 400, 800, 1200, 1600….
 4 multiples are leap years: 4, 8, 12, … 92, 96…
 100 multiples are not leap years: 100, 200, 300, 500, 600…
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter year : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
if((n%400==0))
System.out.println("Leap year");
else if(n%4==0 && n%100!=0)
System.out.println("Leap Year");
else
System.out.println("Not leap year");
}
}
Output: Enter year: 1996
Leap year

Program to find Biggest of Three Numbers:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter a, b, c values : ");
int a = scan.nextInt();
int b = scan.nextInt();
int c = scan.nextInt();

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 20
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

if(a>b && a>c)

System.out.println("a is big");
else if(b>c)
System.out.println("b is big");
else
System.out.println("c is big");
}
}
Output: Enter a, b, c values :
10
30
20
b is big

Program to Calculate current bill based on units consumed:

0-100 -> 0.80 per unit
101-200 -> 1.2 per unit
201-300 -> 1.5 per unit
above 300 -> 1.8 per unit

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter number of units : ");
int units = sc.nextInt();
double bill=0.0;
if(units>=0 && units<=100)
bill = units*0.8;
else if(units>100 && units<=200)
bill = 80 + (units-100)*1.2;
else if(units>200 && units<=300)
bill = 200 + (units-200)*1.5;
else
bill = 350 + (units-300)*1.8;
System.out.println("Total bill amount : " + bill);
}
}
Output: Enter number of units: 150
Total bill amount : 140.0

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 21
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Nested If Block
Nested If: Defining if block inside another if block.
Syntax Flow Chart
if(condition){
if(condition){
if-if-Stat;
}
else{
if-else-stat;
}
}
else{
if(condition){
else-if-stat;
}
else{
else-else-stat;
}
}

Nested If Programs
Check Even Number or Not only if it is Positive
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter number : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
if(n>0){
if(n%2==0)
System.out.println("Even number");
else
System.out.println("Not even number");
}
else{
System.out.println("Negative number given");
}
}
}
Output: Enter number: 5
Not even number

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 22
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Biggest of two only if the two numbers or not equal

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter a, b values : ");
int a = scan.nextInt();
int b = scan.nextInt();
if(a!=b){
if(a>b)
System.out.println("a is big");
else
System.out.println("b is big");
}
else{
System.out.println("a and b are equal");
}
}
}
Output: Enter a, b values : 10
20
b is big

Program to check the person can donate blood or not

Requirements: Age between 18 to 60 and Weight must be greater than 50
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter age : ");
int age = scan.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter weight : ");
int weight = scan.nextInt();
if(age>=18 && age<=60){
if(weight>=50)
System.out.println("Can donate blood");
else
System.out.println("Under weight");
}
els
System.out.println("Not suitable age");
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 23
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Output: Enter age : 25

Enter weight : 49
Under weight

Display Student Grade only if the student passed in all Subjects

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter marks of 3 subjects : ");
int m1 = scan.nextInt();
int m2 = scan.nextInt();
int m3 = scan.nextInt();
if(m1>=40 && m2>=40 && m3>=40){
int avg = (m1+m2+m3)/3;
if(avg>=60)
System.out.println("Grade-A");
else if(avg>=50)
System.out.println("Grade-B");
else
System.out.println("Grade-C");
}
else{
System.out.println("Student failed");
}
}
}
Output: Enter marks of 3 subjects:
45
56
67
Grade-B

Check the Triangle is Equilateral or Isosceles or Scalene

Equilateral: All sides are equal a==b==c
Isosceles: Any two sides are equal a==b or a==c or b==c
Scalene: No sides are equal a != b != c
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter 3 sides of triangle : ");
int a = scan.nextInt();

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 24
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

int b = scan.nextInt();
int c = scan.nextInt();
if(a==b && b==c)
System.out.println("Equilateral");
else if(a==b ||a==c||b==c)
System.out.println("Isosceles");
else
System.out.println("Scalene");
}
}
Output: Enter 3 sides of triangle :
70
70
40
Isosceles

Display days for the specified month

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter Month number : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
if(n>=1 && n<=12){
if(n==2)
System.out.println("28 days / 29 days");
else if(n==4 || n==6 || n==9 || n==11)
System.out.println("30 days");
else
System.out.println("31 days");
}
else{
System.out.println("Invalid month number");
}
}
}
Output: Enter Month number : 2
28 days / 29 days

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 25
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Introduction to Loops

Loop: A Block of instructions execute repeatedly as long the condition is valid.

Note: Block executes only once whereas Loop executes until condition become False

Java Supports 3 types of Loops:

1. For Loop
2. While Loop
3. Do-While Loop

For Loop: We use for loop only when we know the number of repetitions. For example,
 Print 1 to 10 numbers
 Print Array elements
 Print Multiplication table
 Print String character by character in reverse order

While loop: We use while loop when we don’t know the number of repetitions.
 Display contents of File
 Display records of Database table

Do while Loop: Execute a block at least once and repeat based on the condition.
 ATM transaction: When we swipe the ATM card, it starts the first transaction. Once the
first transaction has been completed, it asks the customer to continue with another
transaction and quit.

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 26
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

For Loop
for loop: Execute a block of instructions repeatedly as long as the condition is valid. We
use for loop only when we know the number of iterations to do.

Syntax Flow Chart

for(init ; condition ; modify)

{
statements;
}

for(start ; stop ; step)

{
statements;
}

Program to Print 1 to 10 Numbers

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i=1 ; i<=10 ; i++){
System.out.println("i val : " + i);
}
}
}

Program to Print 10 to 1 numbers

class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i=10 ; i>=1 ; i--){
System.out.println("i val : " + i);
}
}
}

Program to display A-Z alphabets

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (char ch='A' ; ch<='Z' ; ch++){
System.out.print(ch + " ");
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 27
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to Print 1 to N numbers

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter n val : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
System.out.println("i val : " + i);
}
}
}

Program to display A-Z alphabets with ASCII values

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (char ch='A' ; ch<='Z' ; ch++){
System.out.println(ch + " : " + (int)ch);
}
}
}

Program to display ASCII character set

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i=0 ; i<256 ; i++)
System.out.println(i + " : " + (char)i);
}
}

Find Sum of First N numbers

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter n value : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int sum=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; ++i)
sum = sum+i;
System.out.println("Sum of first " + n + " numbers is : " + sum);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 28
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to Find Factorial of Number

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter n value : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int fact=1;
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; ++i){
fact = fact*i;
}
System.out.println("Factorial of " + n + " is : " + fact);
}
}

Program to display Multiplication table

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter table number : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
for (int i=1 ; i<=10 ; ++i){
System.out.println(n + " x " + i + " = " + (n*i));
}
}
}

Print Even Numbers from 1 to 10

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i=1 ; i<=10 ; ++i){
if(i%2==0){
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}
}

Find Sum of Even Numbers in Java

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 29
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

System.out.print("Enter range : ");

int n = scan.nextInt();
int sum=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
if(i%2==0)
sum=sum+i;
}
System.out.println("Even numbers sum : " + sum);
}
}

Program to print factors of given number

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter n value : ");
int n = sc.nextInt();
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
if(n%i==0)
System.out.println(i + " is a factor");
}
}
}

Program to count factors of given number

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter n value : ");
int n = sc.nextInt();
int count=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
if(n%i==0)
count++;
}
System.out.println("Factors count is : " + count);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 30
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to check the input number is Prime or Not

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter n value : ");
int n = sc.nextInt();
int count=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
if(n%i==0)
count++;
}
if(count==2)
System.out.println("Prime Number");
else
System.out.println("Not a Prime Number");
}
}

Program to find the sum of factors of given number

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter n value : ");
int n = sc.nextInt();
int sum=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
if(n%i==0)
sum=sum+i;
}
System.out.println("Sum of Factors : " + sum);
}
}

Program to check the input number is Perfect or Not

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 31
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

System.out.print("Enter n value : ");

int n = sc.nextInt();
int sum=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<n ; i++){
if(n%i==0)
sum=sum+i;
}
if(n==sum)
System.out.println("Perfect Number");
else
System.out.println("Not a Perfect Number");
}
}

Program to print Fibonacci series

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter number of factors in series : ");
int n = sc.nextInt();
int a=0, b=1, c;
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
System.out.print(a + " ");
c=a+b;
a=b;
b=c;
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 32
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

While Loop
While loop: Execute a block of instructions repeatedly until the condition is false. We
use while loop only when don’t know the number of iterations to do.

Syntax Flow Chart

while(condition)
{
statements;
}

Program to Display Last Digit of given number

 When we divide any number with 10 then last digit will be the remainder.
 1234%10 -> 4
 1005%10 -> 5
 200%10 -> 0
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int d = n%10;
System.out.println("Last digit is : " + d);
}
}
Output: Enter Num : 1234
Last digit is : 4

Program to remove the last digit of number:

 When we divide any number with 10 then it gives quotient by removing last digit
 1234/10 -> 123
 1000/10 -> 100
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 33
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

int n = scan.nextInt();
n = n/10;
System.out.println("After removing last digit : " + n);
}
}
Output: Enter Num : 1234
After removing last digit : 123

Display digits of a number in reverse order:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
while(n!=0){
System.out.println(n%10);
n=n/10;
}
}
}
Output: Enter Num : 234
4
3
2

Program to Count the digits in given number

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int count=0;
while(n!=0){
n=n/10;
count++;
}
System.out.println("Digits count : " + count);
}
}
Output: Enter Num : 1234
Digits count : 4

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 34
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Display sum of the digits in the given number

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int sum=0;
while(n!=0){
sum = sum + n%10;
n=n/10;
}
System.out.println("Sum of digits : " + sum);
}
}
Output: Enter Num : 1234
Sum of digits : 10

Program to display the sum of even digits:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int sum=0, r;
while(n>0){
r = n%10;
if(r%2==0){
sum = sum+r;
}
n = n/10;
}
System.out.println("Sum of Even digits are : " + sum);
}
}
Output: Enter Num : 12345
Sum of Even digits are : 6

Program to count the number of 0 digits in the given number:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 35
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int count=0, r;
while(n>0){
r = n%10;
if(r==0){
count++;
}
n = n/10;
}
System.out.println("Zero's count : " + count);
}
}
Output: Enter Num : 10005
Zero’s count : 3

Program to display the first digit of given number:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
while(n>=10){
n = n/10;
}
System.out.println("First Digit : " + n%10);
}
}
Output: Enter Num : 2345
First Digit : 2

Program to Find the Sum of First and Last digits of given number
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int first = n%10;
n=n/10;

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 36
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

while(n>=10){
n = n/10;
}
int last = n%10;
System.out.println("Sum of First & Last Digits : " + (first+last));
}
}

Output: Enter Num : 1234

Sum of First & Last Digits : 5

Program to reverse the given number

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int rev=0, r;
while(n>0){
r = n%10;
rev = rev*10 + r;
n = n/10;
}
System.out.println("Reverse Number is : " + rev);
}
}

Output: Enter Num: 5342

Reverse Number is : 2435

Palindrome Number: The number become same when we reverse is called Palindrome number
Examples: 121, 1001, 123321
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int rev=0, r, temp=n;
while(n>0){

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 37
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

r = n%10;
rev = rev*10 + r;
n = n/10;
}
if(temp==rev)
System.out.println("Palindrome Number");
else
System.out.println("Not Palindrome Number");
}
}
Output: Enter Num : 1221
Palindrome Number

Program to display highest digit in the number

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int r, large=0;
while(n>0){
r = n%10;
if(r>large){
large = r;
}
n = n/10;
}
System.out.println("Larger Digit is : " + large);
}
}
Output: Enter Num: 38953
Larger Digit is : 9

Check the given 3 digit number is Armstrong Number or not :

Sum of cubes of individual digits equals to the same number
Example: 153 -> 1^3 + 5^3 + 3^3 = 153
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 38
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

int n = scan.nextInt();
int temp, sum=0, r;
temp=n;
while(n>0){
r = n%10;
sum = sum + r*r*r;
n = n/10;
}
if(temp==sum)
System.out.println("ArmStrong Number");
else
System.out.println("Not an ArmStrong Number");
}
}
Output: Enter 3 digit num : 145
Not an Armstrong Number

Program to check the given number is Armstrong number or not:

Armstrong Number: Sum of its own digits raised to power number of digits

Examples : 153 = 1^3 + 5^3 + 3^3 = 153

1634 = 1^4 + 6^4 + 3^4 + 4^4 = 1634

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n, r, sum=0, temp, c=0, s, i;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
n = scan.nextInt();
temp=n;
while(n>0){
n=n/10;
c++;
}
n=temp;
while(n>0){
r = n%10;
s=1;
for(i=1 ; i<=c ; i++){
s = s*r;
}
sum = sum + s;

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 39
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

n = n/10;
}
if(temp==sum)
System.out.println("ArmStrong Number");
else
System.out.println("Not an ArmStrong Number");
}
}

Output: Enter Number : 153

Armstrong Number

Program to find Sum of Digits till Single Digit:

9657 -> 9+6+5+7 -> 27 -> 2+7 -> 9
import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num, sum, dig;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
num = scan.nextInt();
System.out.print(num + "->");

while(num/10!=0){
sum = 0;
while(num!=0){
dig=num%10;
sum+=dig;
num/=10;
}
System.out.print(sum + "->");
num=sum;
}
}
}

Output: Enter Num: 9657

9657 -> 27 -> 9 ->

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 40
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

ADAM Number: Take a number then square it then reverse it then find its square root then
reverse. If the given number equals to the final number then it is called ADAM.
 Take the number (12)
 Square the number (144)
 Reverse the number(441)
 Square root of number (21)
 Reverse the number(12)

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num, temp, r1, r2, sq, rev1 = 0, rev2 = 0;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Num : ");
num = scan.nextInt();
temp = num * num;
System.out.println("Square of the num : " + temp);
while (temp != 0){
r1 = temp % 10;
rev1 = rev1 * 10 + r1;
temp = temp / 10;
}
System.out.println("Reverse Num : " + rev1);
sq = (int)Math.sqrt(rev1);
System.out.println("Sqrt num : " + sq);
while (sq != 0){
r2 = sq % 10;
rev2 = rev2 * 10 + r2;
sq = sq / 10;
}
System.out.println("Reverse Num : " + rev2);
if (rev2 == num)
System.out.println(num + " is an Adam number");
else
System.out.println(num + " is not an Adam number");
}
}
Output: Enter Num: 12
12 is an Adam number

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 41
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Break and Continue

break: A branching statement that terminates the execution flow of a Loop or Switch
case.
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i=1 ; i<=10 ; i++){
if(i==5){
break;
}
System.out.print(i + " ");
}
}
}
Output: 1 2 3 4

Break statement terminates the flow of infinite loop also:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
while(true){
System.out.print("Loop");
break;
}
}
}
Output: Loop prints infinite times

Continue: A branching statement that terminates the current iteration of loop execution.
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i=1 ; i<=10 ; i++){
if(i==5){
continue;
}
System.out.print(i + " ");
}
}
}
Output: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 42
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Switch case
Switch: It is a conditional statement that executes specific set of statements(case) based on
given choice. Default case executes if the user entered invalid choice. Case should terminate
with break statement.

Syntax FlowChart

switch(choice)
{
case 1 : Statements ;
break
case 2 : Statements ;
break
......

case n : Statements ;
break
default: Statements ;
}

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter character(r, g, b) : ");
char ch = sc.next().charAt(0);
switch(ch){
case 'r' : System.out.println("Red");
break;
case 'g' : System.out.println("Green");
break;
case 'b' : System.out.println("Blue");
break;
default : System.out.println("Weird");
}
}
}
Output: Enter character(r, g, b): g
Green

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 43
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Arithmetic Operations using Menu options:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("1.Add");
System.out.println("2.Subtract");
System.out.println("3.Multiply");

System.out.print("Enter your choice : ");

int ch = sc.nextInt();

int a=0, b=0;

if(ch>=1 && ch<=3)
{
System.out.println("Enter 2 nums : ");
a = sc.nextInt();
b = sc.nextInt();
}
switch(ch)
{
case 1 : System.out.println("Sum : " + (a+b));
break;
case 2 : System.out.println("Difference : " + (a-b));
break;
case 3 : System.out.println("Product : " + (a*b));
break;
default: System.out.println("Invalid choice");
}
}
}

Output : 1. Add
2. Subtract
3. Multiply
Enter your choice : 2
30
10
Difference : 20

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 44
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Do-While Loop
do-while: Executes a block at least once and continue iteration until condition is false.

Syntax Flow Chart

do
{
statements;
} while(condition);

Check Even numbers until user exits:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
char res='n';
do{
System.out.print("Enter num : ");
int n = sc.nextInt();
if(n%2==0)
System.out.println(n + " is even");
else
System.out.println(n + " is not even");

System.out.print("Do you want to check another num (y/n) : ");

res = sc.next().charAt(0);
}while (res == 'y');
}
}
Output: Enter num : 5
5 is not even
Do you want to check another num (y/n) : y
Enter num : 6
6 is even
Do you want to check another num (y/n) : n

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 45
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Nested For Loop

Nested for loop: Defining for loop inside another for loop. We used nested loops to
process two-dimensional data such as patterns, matrix type arrays, range based
programs, sorting, remove duplicates in arrays, display duplicate count of each element
in array and so on.

Syntax Flow chart

for(init1 ; condition1 ; modify1)

{
for(init2 ; condition2 ; modify2)
{
Statements;
}
}

Number of iterations in Nested loop is equals to “outer loop iterations multiplied by inner
loop iterations”.
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int count=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
count++;
}
}
System.out.println("Number of Iterations : " + count);
}
}
Output : Number of Iterations : 25

Nested while loop: Defining while loop inside another while loop
while(cond1){
while(cond2){
statements;
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 46
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Example:
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int count=0;
int i=1;
while(i<=5){
int j=1;
while(j<=5){
count++;
j++;
}
i++;
}
System.out.println("Number of Iterations : " + count);
}
}

Output : Number of Iterations : 25

If break statement executes inside the inner loop, it terminates the flow of Inner loop only
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i=1 ; i<=4 ; i++){
for (int j=1 ; j<=4 ; j++){
if(i==j)
break;
System.out.println(i+","+j);
}
}
}
}

Output: 2, 1
3, 1
3, 2
4, 1
4, 2
4, 3

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 47
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Range Based Programs

Program to display even numbers in the given range

import java.util.*;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter range : ");
int range = sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("Even Numbers in the given range :");
for(int n=1 ; n<=range ; n++){
if(n%2==0)
System.out.print(n + " ");
}
}
}
Output: Enter range : 10
Even Numbers in the given range : 2 4 6 8 10

Program to print factorial for numbers 2 to 7

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for(int n=2 ; n<=7 ; n++){
int fact=1;
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
fact=fact*i;
}
System.out.println("Factorial of " + n + " is : " + fact);
}
}
}
Output: Factorial of 2 is : 2
Factorial of 3 is : 6
…..

Program to display multiplication tables in the given range

import java.util.*;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Lower Limit : ");
int lower = sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter Upper Limit : ");

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 48
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

int upper = sc.nextInt();

for(int n=lower ; n<=upper ; n++){
System.out.println("Table : " + n);
for (int i=1 ; i<=10 ; i++){
System.out.println(n + " x " + i + " = " + (n*i));
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Program to display Prime numbers in the given range

import java.util.*;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Lower Limit : ");
int lower = sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter Upper Limit : ");
int upper = sc.nextInt();

System.out.println("Prime Numbers from " + lower + " to " + upper);

for(int n=lower ; n<=upper ; n++){
int count=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
if(n%i==0)
count++;
}
if(count==2)
System.out.println(n);
}
}
}

Program to display Perfect numbers in the given range

import java.util.*;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Lower Limit : ");
int lower = sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter Upper Limit : ");

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 49
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

int upper = sc.nextInt();

System.out.println("Perfect Numbers from " + lower + " to " + upper);

for(int n=lower ; n<=upper ; n++){
int sum=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<n ; i++){
if(n%i==0)
sum=sum+i;
}
if(n==sum)
System.out.println(n);
}
}
}

Program to display Palindrome numbers in the given range

import java.util.*;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Lower Limit : ");
int lower = sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter Upper Limit : ");
int upper = sc.nextInt();

System.out.println("Palindrome Numbers from " + lower + " to " + upper);

for(int n=lower ; n<=upper ; n++){
int temp=n;
int rev=0, r=0;
while(temp!=0){
r=temp%10;
rev=rev*10+r;
temp=temp/10;
}
if(rev==n)
System.out.println(n);
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 50
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Programs
Pattern:
 Representation of data in two-dimensional format (rows and columns)
 We use nested loops to print patterns.
 We can print patterns with numbers, characters, starts, symbols
 Patterns can be in different shapes like triangle, rectangle, half triangle, pyramid
and so on.

Basic Number Patterns

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
12345 for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
12345
System.out.print(j);
12345
12345 }
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
11111 for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
22222
System.out.print(i);
33333
44444 }
55555 System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
***** for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
*****
System.out.print("*");
*****
***** }
***** System.out.println();
}
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
54321 for (int j=5 ; j>=1 ; j--){
54321
System.out.print(j);
54321
54321 }
54321 System.out.println();
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 51
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
55555 for (int j=5 ; j>=1 ; j--){
44444
System.out.print(i);
33333
22222 }
11111 System.out.println();
}
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
10101 for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
10101
System.out.print(j%2);
10101
10101 }
10101 System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
11111 for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
00000
System.out.print(i%2);
11111
00000 }
11111 System.out.println();
}

Basic Character Patterns

Pattern Logic
for(char x='A' ; x<='E'; x++){
AAAAA for(char y='A' ; y<='E' ; y++){
BBBBB
System.out.print(x);
CCCCC
DDDDD }
EEEEE System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
ABCDE for(char x='A' ; x<='E'; x++){
ABCDE for(char y='A' ; y<='E' ; y++){
ABCDE
System.out.print(y);
ABCDE
ABCDE }
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 52
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
for(char x='E' ; x>='A'; x--){
EEEEE for(char y='E' ; y>='A' ; y--){
DDDDD
System.out.print(x);
CCCCC
BBBBB }
AAAAA System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for(char x='E' ; x>='A'; x--){
EDCBA for(char y='E' ; y>='A' ; y--){
EDCBA
System.out.print(y);
EDCBA
EDCBA }
EDCBA System.out.println();
}

Basic Patterns with Conditions

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
{
$$$$$
for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
#####
$$$$$ if(i%2==0)
##### System.out.print("#");
$$$$$ else
System.out.print("$");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
{
$#$#$
for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
$#$#$
$#$#$ if(j%2==0)
$#$#$ System.out.print("#");
$#$#$ else
System.out.print("$");
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 53
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
int k=1;
12345 for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
67891
for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
23456
78912 System.out.print(k++%10);
34567 }
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
{
11111
for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
12345
33333 if(i%2==0)
12345 System.out.print(j);
55555 else
System.out.print(i);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
{
55555
for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
54321
33333 if(i%2==0)
54321 System.out.print(j);
11111 else
System.out.print(i);
}
System.out.println();
}

Patterns Plus Cross Swastika

Pattern Logic
+++++++ for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++)
+++++++ {
+++++++
for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++)
+++++++
+++++++ {
+++++++ System.out.print("+");
+++++++ }
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 54
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+++++++ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ +
if(i==1||i==7||j==1||j==7)
+ +
+ + System.out.print("+");
+ + else
+ + System.out.print(" ");
+++++++ }
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(i==4||j==4)
+
+++++++ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ System.out.print(" ");
+ }
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+++++++ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ + +
if(i==1||i==4||i==7||j==1||j==4||j==7)
+ + +
+++++++ System.out.print("+");
+ + + else
+ + + System.out.print(" ");
+++++++ }
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(i==j)
+
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ System.out.print(" ");
+ }
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 55
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
+ for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(j==8-i)
+
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ +
if(i==j || j==8-i)
+ +
+ System.out.print("+");
+ + else
+ + System.out.print(" ");
+ + }
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + + + + + + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ + + +
if(i==1||i==7||j==1||j==7||i==j||j==8-i)
+ + + +
+ + + System.out.print("+");
+ + + + else
+ + + + System.out.print(" ");
+ + + + + + + }
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
++++ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if((i==1 && j<=4) || j==4 || (i==7 && j>=4))
+
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ System.out.print(" ");
++++ }
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 56
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
+ for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(i==4||(j==1 && i>=4) || (j==7 && i<=4))
+++++++
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
++++ + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ +
if(i==4||(j==1 && i>=4) || (j==7 && i<=4) ||
+++++++
+ + (i==1 && j<=4) || j==4 || (i==7 && j>=4))
+ + System.out.print("+");
+ ++++ else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Patterns – All Digits

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + + + + for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
+ +
if(i==1||i==7||j==1||j==5)
+ +
+ + System.out.print("+");
+ + else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
+ +
if(j==4-i || j==3 || i==7)
+ +
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ System.out.print(" ");
+ + + + + + + }
System.out.println();

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 57
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
+
if(i==1||i==4||i==7||(j==5&&i<=4)||(j==1&&i>=4))
+ + + + +
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
+
if(i==1||i==4||i==7||j==5)
+ + + + +
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
+ for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ +
if(j==5 || i==5 || j==6-i)
+ +
+ + + + + + + + System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
+
if(i==1||i==4||i==7||(j==1&&i<=4)||(j==5&&i>=4))
+ + + + +
+ System.out.print("*");
+ else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 58
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
+
if(i==1||j==1||i==4||i==7||(j==5&&i>=4))
+ + + + +
+ + System.out.print("*");
+ + else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + + + + + for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
+
if(i==1||j==7-i)
+
+ System.out.print("*");
+ else
+ System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
+ +
if(i==1||i==4||i==7||j==1||j==5)
+ + + + +
+ + System.out.print("*");
+ + else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=5 ; j++){
+ +
if(i==1||i==4||i==7||(j==1&&i<=4)||j==5)
+ + + + +
+ System.out.print("*");
+ else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 59
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Patterns – All Alphabets

Pattern Logic
+ for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=9 ; j++){
+ +
if((j==6-i)||(i==3&&j>=3&&j<=7)||(j==4+i))
+ + + +
+ + System.out.print("+");
+ + else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
+ + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ +
if((j==1)||(i==1&&j<=6)||(i==4&&j<=6)||(i==7&&j<=6
+ + + +
+ + )||(j==7&&i>1&&i<4)||(j==7&&i>4&&i<7))
+ + System.out.print("+");
+ + + + else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
+ + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if((i==1&&j>1)||(j==1&&i>1&&i<7)||(i==7&&j>1))
+
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
+ + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ +
if(j==1||(i==1&&j<7)||(i==7&&j<7)||(j==7&&i>1&&i<
+ +
+ + 7))
+ + + + System.out.print("+");
else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 60
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(j==1||i==1||i==4||i==7)
+ + + + +
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(j==1||i==1||i==4)
+ + + + +
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(j==1||i==1||i==7||(j==7&&i>=4)||(i==4&&j>=4))
+ + +
+ + System.out.print("+");
+ + else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
+ + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ +
if(j==1||i==4||j==7)
+ + + + +
+ + System.out.print("+");
+ + else
+ + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 61
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(i==1||j==4||i==7)
+
+ System.out.print("+");
+ else
+ + + + + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
+ + + + + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(i==1||j==4||i==j+3)
+ +
+ + System.out.print("+");
+ else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ +
if(j==1||(j==6-i)||(i==2+j))
+ +
+ System.out.print("+");
+ + else
+ + System.out.print(" ");
+ + }
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
+ for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+
if(j==1||i==7)
+
+ System.out.print("+");
+ + + + + else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 62
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
+ + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + + + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ + + +
if(j==1||j==7||(i==j&&j<=4)||(j==8-i&&j>4))
+ + +
+ + System.out.print("+");
+ + else
+ + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
+ + for (int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++){
+ + + for (int j=1 ; j<=7 ; j++){
+ + +
if(j==1||j==7||(i==j))
+ + +
+ + + System.out.print("+");
+ + + else
+ + System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Numbers Triangle Patterns

Pattern Logic
1 for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
12 {
123
for (int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++){
1234
12345 System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
1 for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
21 {
321
for (int j=i ; j>=1 ; j--){
4321
54321 System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 63
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
12345 for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--)
1234 {
123
for (int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++){
12
1 System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
12345 for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
2345 {
345
for (int j=i ; j<=5 ; j++){
45
5 System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
5 for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
54 for (int j=5 ; j>=i ; j--){
543
System.out.print(j);
5432
54321 }
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
5 for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
45 for (int j=i ; j<=5 ; j++){
345
System.out.print(j);
2345
12345 }
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
54321 for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
5432 {
543
for (int j=5 ; j>=i ; j--){
54
5 System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 64
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
54321 for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--)
4321 {
321
for (int j=i ; j>=1 ; j--){
21
1 System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
1 for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
22 {
333
for (int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++){
4444
55555 System.out.print(i);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
11111 for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
2222 {
333
for (int j=i ; j<=5 ; j++){
44
5 System.out.print(i);
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
5 for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--)
44 {
333
for (int j=i ; j<=5 ; j++){
2222
11111 System.out.print(i);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
55555 for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
4444 for (int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++){
333
System.out.print(i);
22
1 }
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 65
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
int k=1;
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
1
for (int j=1; j<=i ; j++){
23
456 System.out.print(k++);
7891 if(k>9)
23456 k=1;
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
int k=1;
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
12345
for (int j=1; j<=i ; j++){
6789
123 System.out.print(k++);
45 if(k>9)
6 k=1;
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
{
1
for (int j=i ; j<5 ; j++){
21
321 System.out.print(" ");
4321 }
54321 for (int k=i ; k>=1 ; k--){
System.out.print(k);
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
for (int j=i ; j<5 ; j++){
12345
System.out.print(" ");
1234
123 }
12 for (int k=1 ; k<=i ; k++){
1 System.out.print(k);
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 66
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
for (int j=1 ; j<i ; j++){
12345
System.out.print(" ");
2345
345 }
45 for (int k=i ; k<=5 ; k++){
5 System.out.print(k);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
for (int j=1 ; j<i ; j++){
5
System.out.print(" ");
45
345 }
2345 for (int k=i ; k<=5 ; k++){
12345 System.out.print(k);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
for (int j=1 ; j<i ; j++){
5
System.out.print(" ");
54
543 }
5432 for (int k=5 ; k>=i ; k--){
54321 System.out.print(k);
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
for (int j=i ; j<5 ; j++){
54321
System.out.print(" ");
4321
321 }
21 for (int k=i ; k>=1 ; k--){
1 System.out.print(k);
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 67
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
for (int j=1 ; j<i ; j++){
54321
System.out.print(" ");
5432
543 }
54 for (int k=5 ; k>=i ; k--){
5 System.out.print(k);
}
System.out.println();
}
Characters Triangle Patterns
Pattern Logic
for (char i='A' ; i<='E' ; i++){
A for (char j='A' ; j<=i ; j++){
AB
System.out.print(j);
ABC
ABCD }
ABCDE System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (char i='A' ; i<='E' ; i++){
A for (char j=i ; j>='A' ; j--){
BA
System.out.print(j);
CBA
DCBA }
EDCBA System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (char i='E' ; i>='A' ; i--){
ABCDE for (char j='A' ; j<=i ; j++){
ABCD
System.out.print(j);
ABC
AB }
A System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (char i='A' ; i<='E' ; i++){
ABCDE for (char j=i ; j<='E' ; j++){
BCDE
System.out.print(j);
CDE
DE }
E System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 68
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
E for (char i='E' ; i>='A' ; i--)
ED {
EDC
for (char j='E' ; j>=i ; j--){
EDCB
EDCBA System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for (char i='E' ; i>='A' ; i--){
E for (char j=i ; j<='E' ; j++){
DE System.out.print(j);
CDE
}
BCDE
ABCDE System.out.println();
}

attern Logic
EDCBA for (char i='A' ; i<='E' ; i++){
EDCB for (char j='E' ; j>=i ; j--){
EDC
System.out.print(j);
ED
E }
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
EDCBA for (char i='E' ; i>='A' ; i--){
DCBA for (char j=i ; j>='A' ; j--){
CBA
System.out.print(j);
BA
A }
System.out.println();
}

Star Triangle Patterns

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
* for (int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++){
**
System.out.print("*");
***
**** }
***** System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 69
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--){
***** for (int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++){
****
System.out.print("*");
***
** }
* System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
for (int j=i ; j<5 ; j++){
*
System.out.print(" ");
**
*** }
**** for (int k=1 ; k<=i ; k++){
***** System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
for (int j=1 ; j<i ; j++){
*****
System.out.print(" ");
****
*** }
** for (int k=i ; k<=5 ; k++){
* System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for(int i=1 ; i<10 ; i++){
if(i<=5){
*
for(int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++){
**
*** System.out.print("*");
**** }
***** System.out.println();
**** }
*** else{
** for(int k=i ; k<10 ; k++){
*
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 70
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
for(int i=1 ; i<10 ; i++)
{
if(i<=5){
for(int x=i ; x<=5 ; x++){
* System.out.print(" ");
** }
*** for(int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++){
**** System.out.print("*");
*****
}
****
*** System.out.println();
** }
* else{
for(int x=i ; x>=5 ; x--){
System.out.print(" ");
}
for(int k=i ; k<10 ; k++){
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();
}
}

Pattern Logic
for(int i=1 ; i<10 ; i++)
{
if(i<=5){
*****
**** for(int j=i ; j<=5 ; j++){
*** System.out.print("*");
** }
* System.out.println();
** }
*** else{
****
***** for(int k=5 ; k<=i ; k++){
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 71
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
for(int i=1 ; i<10 ; i++){
if(i<=5){
for(int x=1 ; x<=i ; x++){
System.out.print(" ");
}
***** for(int j=i ; j<=5 ; j++){
**** System.out.print("*");
*** }
**
System.out.println();
*
** }
*** else{
**** for(int x=i ; x<10 ; x++){
***** System.out.print(" ");
}
for(int k=5 ; k<=i ; k++){
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();
}
}

Binary Number Patterns

Pattern Logic
int k=1;
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
1
{
01
010 for (int j=1; j<=i ; j++){
1010 System.out.print(k++%2);
10101 }
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
int k=1;
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--)
10101
{
0101
010 for (int j=1; j<=i ; j++){
10 System.out.print(k++%2);
1 }
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 72
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++)
1 {
10
for (int j=1; j<=i ; j++)
101
1010 {
10101 System.out.print(j%2);
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=1 ; i<=5 ; i++){
1 for (int j=1; j<=i ; j++)
00
{
111
0000 System.out.print(i%2);
11111 }
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for (int i=5 ; i>=1 ; i--)
11111 {
0000
for (int j=1; j<=i ; j++)
111
00 {
1 System.out.print(i%2);
}
System.out.println();
}

Border Only Patterns

Pattern Logic
int n=7;
* for(int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++)
**
{
* *
* * for(int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++)
* * {
* * if(i==1 || i==n || j==1 || j==i)
* * System.out.print("*");
******** else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 73
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
int n=7;
******** for(int i=n ; i>=1 ; i--)
* *
{
* *
* * for(int j=1 ; j<=i ; j++){
* * if(i==1 || i==n || j==1 || j==i)
* * System.out.print("*");
** else
* System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
for(int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++)
{
********
for(int j=1 ; j<i ; j++){
* *
* * System.out.print(" ");
* * }
* * for(int k=i ; k<=7 ; k++){
* * if(i==1 || i==7 || k==i || k==7)
** System.out.print("*");
* else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
for(int i=1 ; i<=7 ; i++)
{
*
for(int j=i ; j<7 ; j++){
**
* * System.out.print(" ");
* * }
* * for(int k=1 ; k<=i ; k++){
* * if(i==1 || i==7 || k==1 || k==i)
* * System.out.print("*");
******** else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 74
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pyramid Patterns
Pattern Logic
int n=7;
for(int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++)
*
{
***
***** for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
******* System.out.print(" ");
********* }
for(int k=1 ; k<=2*i-1 ; k++){
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
int n=7;
for(int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++)
{
*
* * for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
* * System.out.print(" ");
* * }
********* for(int k=1 ; k<=2*i-1 ; k++){
if(i==1 || i==n || k==1 || k==2*i-1)
System.out.print("*");
else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
1 int n=7;
222 for(int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++)
33333
{
4444444
555555555 for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
System.out.print(" ");
}
for(int k=1 ; k<=2*i-1 ; k++){
System.out.print(i);
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 75
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Reverse Pyramid Patterns

Pattern Logic
int n=7;
for(int i=n ; i>=1 ; i--)
********* {
*******
for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
*****
*** System.out.print(" ");
* }
for(int k=1 ; k<=2*i-1 ; k++){
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
int n=7;
for(int i=n ; i>=1 ; i--)
{
*********
* * for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
* * System.out.print(" ");
* * }
* for(int k=1 ; k<=2*i-1 ; k++){
if(i==1 || i==n || k==1 || k==2*i-1)
System.out.print("*");
else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Pattern Logic
int n=7;
for(int i=n ; i>=1 ; i--)
{
555555555
4444444 for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
33333 System.out.print(" ");
222 }
1 for(int k=1 ; k<=2*i-1 ; k++){
System.out.print(i);
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 76
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
int r=6, c=1;
for(int i=0; i<r ; i++) {
for(int s=1; s<r-i; s++) {
1
1 1 System.out.print(" ");
1 2 1 }
1 3 3 1 for(int j=0; j<=i; j++) {
1 4 6 4 1 if (j==0 || i==0)
1 5 10 10 5 1 c=1;
else
c=c*(i-j + 1)/j;
System.out.printf("%4d", c);
}
System.out.println();
}
for (int i = 5; i >= 1; i--){
for (int j = 5 - i; j >= 1; j--){
123454321
System.out.print(" ");
1234321
12321 }
121 for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++){
1 System.out.print(j);
}
for (int j = i - 1; j >= 1; j--){
System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println();
}
Complex Pattern programs
Pattern Logic
1 int n=7;
121 for(int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
12321
for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
1234321
123454321 System.out.print(" ");
}
for(int k=1 ; k<=i ; k++){
System.out.print(k);
}
for(int l=i-1 ; i>=1 ; i--){
System.out.print(l);
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 77
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
int n=7;
for(int i=n ; i>=1 ; i--){
for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
123454321
1234321 System.out.print(" ");
12321 }
121 for(int k=1 ; k<=i ; k++){
1 System.out.print(k);
}
for(int l=i-1 ; l>=1 ; l--){
System.out.print(l);
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
int n=7;
for(int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
System.out.print(" ");
1 }
212 for(int k=i ; k>=1 ; k--){
32123 System.out.print(k);
4321234 }
543212345 for(int l=1+1 ; l<=i ; l++){
System.out.print(l);
}
System.out.println();
}
Pattern Logic
int n=7;
for(int i=n ; i>=1 ; i--){
for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
543212345
4321234 System.out.print(" ");
32123 }
212 for(int k=i ; k>=1 ; k--){
1 System.out.print(k);
}
for(int l=1+1 ; l<=i ; l++){
System.out.print(l);
}
System.out.println();
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 78
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Pattern Logic
int n=7;
for(int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
* System.out.print(" ");
*** }
***** for(int k=1 ; k<=2*i-1 ; k++){
******* System.out.print("* ");
********* }
***********
System.out.println();
*********
******* }
***** for(int i=n-1 ; i>=1 ; i--){
*** for(int j=i ; j<n ; j++){
* System.out.print(" ");
}
for(int k=1 ; k<=2*i-1 ; k++){
System.out.print("* ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 79
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Methods

Variable: is used to stores data

Method: is used to perform operations on data

Syntax Example
returntype identity(arguments) int add(int a, int b)
{ {
statements; int c=a+b;
} return c;
}

Classification of Methods: Based on taking input and returning output, methods are classified
into 4 types.
1. No arguments and No return values
2. With arguments and No return values
3. With arguments and with return values
4. No arguments and with return values

No arguments and No return values method:

Static method Instance method
class Code { class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) { public static void main(String[] args) {
Code.fun(); Code obj = new Code();
} obj.fun();
static void fun(){ }
System.out.println("fun"); void fun(){
} System.out.println("fun");
} }
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 80
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

With arguments and No return values:

Static Method Instance Method
class Code { class Code {
static void main(String[] args) { static void main(String[] args) {
Code.isEven(4); Code obj = new Code();
Code.isEven(13); obj.isEven(4);
} obj.isEven(13);
static void isEven(int n){ }
if(n%2==0) static void isEven(int n){
S.o.p(n+" is Even"); if(n%2==0)
else S.o.p(n + " is Even");
S.o.p(n+" is Not even"); else
} S.o.p(n + " is Not even");
} }
}

With arguments with return values:

Static Method Instance Method
class Code { class Code {
static void main(String[] args) { static void main(String[] args) {
int r1 = Code.add(10, 20); Code obj = new Code();
S.o.p(r1); int r1 = obj.add(10, 20);
} S.o.p(r1);
static int add(int a, int b){ }
return a+b; int add(int a, int b){
} return a+b;
} }
}

No arguments and with return values:

Static Method Instance Method
class Code { class Code {
static void main(String[] args) { static void main(String[] args) {
double PI = Code.getPI(); Code obj = new Code();
S.o.p("PI val : " + PI); double PI = obj.getPI();
} S.o.p("PI val : " + PI);
static double getPI(){ }
double PI = 3.142; double getPI(){
return PI; double PI = 3.142;
} return PI;
} }
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 81
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Recursion
Recursion:
 Calling method itself is called Recursion.
 Invoking the method from the body of same method.

Program to display 1 to 10 numbers using recursion:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Code.print(1);
}
static void print(int n){
System.out.println(n);
if(n<10)
print(n+1);
}
}

Program to display 10 to 1 number using recursion:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Code.print(1);
}
static void print(int n){
if(n<10)
print(n+1);
System.out.println(n);
}
}

Program to display Sum of First N numbers using recursion:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n=5;
int sum = Code.calc(n);
System.out.println(sum);
}
static int calc(int n){
if(n>0)
return n + calc(n-1);
else
return n;
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 82
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to display Factorial of given number using recursion:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n=5;
int f = Code.fact(n);
System.out.println(f);
}
static int fact(int n){
if(n==0)
return 1;
else
return n*fact(n-1);
}
}

Program to display Fibonacci series using recursion:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter limit : ");
int n = sc.nextInt();
for(int i=1; i<=n; i++){
System.out.print(fib(i)+" ");
}
}
static int fib(int n){
if(n==1)
return 0;
else if(n == 2)
return 1;
else
return fib(n-2)+fib(n-1);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 83
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Menu Driven Programs

Arithmetic Operations Menu Driven Program using if block:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
while(true){
System.out.println("1. Add");
System.out.println("2. Subtract");
System.out.println("3. Multiply");
System.out.println("4. Divide");
System.out.println("5. Quit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice : ");
int ch = sc.nextInt();
if(ch==1){
System.out.println("Enter 2 numbers : ");
int a=sc.nextInt();
int b=sc.nextInt();
int c=a+b;
System.out.println(a + " + " + b + " = " + c);
}
else if(ch==2){
System.out.println("Enter 2 numbers : ");
int a=sc.nextInt();
int b=sc.nextInt();
int c=a-b;
System.out.println(a + " - " + b + " = " + c);
}
else if(ch==3){
System.out.println("Enter 2 numbers : ");
int a=sc.nextInt();
int b=sc.nextInt();
int c=a*b;
System.out.println(a + " * " + b + " = " + c);
}
else if(ch==4){
System.out.println("Enter 2 numbers : ");
int a=sc.nextInt();
int b=sc.nextInt();
int c=a/b;
System.out.println(a + " / " + b + " = " + c);

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 84
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

}
else if(ch==5){
System.out.println("End of Program");
System.exit(1);
}
else{
System.out.println("Invalid Choice");
}
}
}
}
Output:
1. Add
2. Subtract
3. Multiply
4. Divide
5. Quit
Enter your choice : 4
Enter 2 numbers :
5
2
5/2=2
1. Add
2. Subtract
3. Multiply
4. Divide
5. Quit
Enter your choice : 5
End of Program

Arithmetic Operations Menu Driven Approach – Switch Case:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
while(true){
System.out.println("1. Add");
System.out.println("2. Subtract");
System.out.println("3. Multiply");
System.out.println("4. Divide");
System.out.println("5. Quit");

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 85
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

System.out.println("Enter your choice : ");

int ch = sc.nextInt();
int a=0, b=0;
if(ch>=1 && ch<=4){
System.out.println("Enter 2 numbers : ");
a=sc.nextInt();
b=sc.nextInt();
}
switch(ch){
case 1 : System.out.println(a+" + "+b+" = "+(a+b));
break;
case 2 : System.out.println(a+" - "+b+" = "+(a-b));
break;
case 3 : System.out.println(a+" * "+b+" = "+(a*b));
break;
case 4 : System.out.println(a+" / "+b+" = "+(a/b));
break;
case 5 : System.out.println("End of Program");
System.exit(1);
default: System.out.println("Invalid choice");
}
}
}
}

Arithmetic Operations Menu Driver Approach – using Methods:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
while(true)
{
System.out.println("1. Add");
System.out.println("2. Subtract");
System.out.println("3. Multiply");
System.out.println("4. Divide");
System.out.println("5. Quit");

System.out.println("Enter your choice : ");

int ch = sc.nextInt();

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 86
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

int a=0, b=0;

if(ch>=1 && ch<=4)
{
System.out.println("Enter 2 numbers : ");
a=sc.nextInt();
b=sc.nextInt();
}

switch(ch){
case 1 : add(a,b);
break;
case 2 : subtract(a,b);
break;
case 3 : multiply(a,b);
break;
case 4 : divide(a,b);
break;
case 5 : System.out.println("End of Program");
System.exit(1);
default: System.out.println("Invalid choice");
}
}
}
static void add(int a, int b)
{
System.out.println(a+" + "+b+" = "+(a+b));
}
static void subtract(int a, int b)
{
System.out.println(a+" - "+b+" = "+(a-b));
}
static void multiply(int a, int b)
{
System.out.println(a+" * "+b+" = "+(a*b));
}
static void divide(int a, int b)
{
System.out.println(a+" / "+b+" = "+(a/b));
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 87
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Arrays

Program to Find the length of given array

 ‘length’ is a pre-defined instance variable that returns length of Array.
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {4, 2, 8, 9, 1, 6, 7, 4};
System.out.println("Length is : " + arr.length);
}
}

Display first and last element of array:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {4, 2, 8, 9, 1, 6, 7, 4};
int n = arr.length;
int first = arr[0];
int last = arr[n-1];
System.out.println("First element is : " + first);
System.out.println("Last element is : " + last);
}
}

Program to display array elements

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {4, 2, 8, 9, 1, 6, 7, 5};
System.out.println("Array elements are : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<=arr.length-1 ; i++){
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}
}

For Each Loop:

 It is called Enhanced for loop in Java
 For-each loop is used to process Array or Collection elements easily.
 For-each loop process elements from start to end without using index.
 For-each loop process elements only in forward direction.

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 88
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to display element using for-each loop:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {4, 2, 8, 9, 1, 6, 7, 5};
System.out.println("Array elements using for-each loop : ");
for (int x : arr){
System.out.println(x);
}
}
}

Check the first element of Array is Even or not

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {4, 2, 8, 9, 1, 6, 7, 5};
int first = arr[0];
if(first%2==0)
System.out.println("First element is Even");
else
System.out.println("First element is not Even");
}
}

Check the sum of first and last elements in Array equals to 10 or not
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {4, 2, 8, 9, 1, 6, 7, 5};
int first = arr[0];
int last = arr[arr.length-1];
if(first+last==10)
System.out.println("Equals");
else
System.out.println("Not Equals");
}
}

Display the median value of array:

 If the length is ODD, Print middle element
 If the length is EVEN, Print average of middle 2 elements

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 89
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {6, 2, 8, 9, 1, 6, 7, 5};
int n = arr.length;
if(n%2!=0){
System.out.println("Mean : " + arr[n/2]);
}
else{
int x = arr[n/2-1];
int y = arr[n/2];
System.out.println("Mean : " + ((x+y)/2));
}
}
}

Swap array elements of specified locations:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
int n = arr.length;
System.out.println("Enter two locations from 0 to " + (n-1));
int a = scan.nextInt();
int b = scan.nextInt();
System.out.print("Before swap, the Array is: ");
for (int x : arr){
System.out.print(x + " ");
}
System.out.println();
int temp = arr[a];
arr[a] = arr[b];
arr[b] = temp;
System.out.print("After swap, the Array is: ");
for (int x : arr){
System.out.print(x + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 90
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to find the sum of array elements:

class Code{
public static void main(String[] args){
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
int sum=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
sum = sum + arr[i];
}
System.out.println("Sum of elements : " + sum);
}
}

Program to find the average of array elements

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
double sum=0;
for (int x : arr){
sum = sum + x;
}
double avg = sum/arr.length;
System.out.println("Average of array elements : " + avg);
}
}

Display Array element which are greater than average of all elements:
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
double sum=0;
for (int x : arr){
sum = sum + x;
}
double avg = sum/arr.length;
for(int x : arr)
{
if(x>avg)
System.out.println(x);
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 91
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to increase each value by one in array

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
arr[i]++;
}
System.out.println("Array elements : ");
for (int x : arr){
System.out.print(x + " ");
}
}
}

Program to print even numbers of array using for each loop:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args){
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
System.out.println("Even numbers of array : ");
for (int x : arr){
if(x%2==0)
System.out.println(x);
}
}
}

Program to display odd numbers in the array using for loop

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
System.out.println("Odd numbers of array using for loop : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]%2!=0)
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 92
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to find the sum of even numbers in the array:

class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
int sum=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]%2==0)
sum=sum+arr[i];
}
System.out.println("Sum of even numbers : " + sum);
}
}

Program Read array values from user:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter array size : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int[] arr = new int[n];
System.out.println("Enter " + n + " elements : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<n ; i++)
arr[i] = scan.nextInt();
System.out.println("Array elements are : ");
for (int x : arr)
System.out.print(x + " ");
}
}

Program to find the smallest element in the array:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {4, 2, 8, 1, 9, 6, 3, 7};
int small = arr[0];
for (int i=1 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i] < small)
small = arr[i];
}
System.out.println("Smallest element is : " + small);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 93
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Check specified element is duplicated or not in Array:

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int[] arr = {4, 2, 8, 1, 9, 6, 2, 7};
System.out.print("Enter element : ");
int ele = scan.nextInt();
int count=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i] == ele)
count++;
}
if(count==0)
System.out.println("Element Not found");
else if(count==1)
System.out.println("Element not duplicated");
else
System.out.println("Duplicated element");
}
}

Program to display array elements in reverse order

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 9, 2, 1, 8, 4, 6};
System.out.println("Reverse Array : ");
for (int i=arr.length-1 ; i>=0 ; i--){
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}
}

Print only perfect numbers in the given array

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
int n = arr[i];
int sum=0;

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 94
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

for (int j=1 ; j<n ; j++){

if(n%j==0)
sum=sum+j;
}
if(n==sum)
System.out.println(n + " is perfect");
}
}
}

Program to Display the First even number in the Array:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 9, 2, 1, 8, 4, 6};
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]%2==0){
System.out.println("First Even Number : " + arr[i]);
break;
}
}
}
}

Program to display the Last Odd Number in the array:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 9, 2, 1, 8, 4, 6};
for (int i=arr.length-1 ; i>=0 ; i--){
if(arr[i]%2!=0){
System.out.println("Last Odd Number : " + arr[i]);
break;
}
}
}
}

Program to Swap the First even number and Last odd number in the array:
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 2, 3, 8, 1, 4, 6};

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 95
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

int i, j;
for (i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]%2==0)
break;
}
for (j=arr.length-1 ; j>=0 ; j--){
if(arr[j]%2!=0)
break;
}
int temp=arr[i];
arr[i]=arr[j];
arr[j]=temp;
System.out.println("Array after swap : ");
for (i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}
}

Program to Merge 2 arrays:

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int[] a1 = {10,20,30,40};
int[] a2 = {50,60,70};
int[] merge = new int[a1.length+a2.length];
System.out.println("a1 array : " + Arrays.toString(a1));
System.out.println("a2 array : " + Arrays.toString(a2));
for (int i=0 ; i<a1.length ; i++){
merge[i] = a1[i];
}
for (int i=0 ; i<a2.length ; i++){
merge[a1.length+i] = a2[i];
}
System.out.println("Merged array : " + Arrays.toString(merge));

}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 96
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to reverse all elements in the given array without second array.
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 9, 2, 1, 8, 4, 6};
int i=0;
int j=arr.length-1;
while(i<j){
int temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = temp;
i++;
j--;
}
System.out.println("Reverse Array : ");
for (i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}
}

Program to search for an element in the array:

Linear Search:
 Linear search algorithm is used to search an element in the array.
 It is index based searching.
 It starts from index 0 and continues searching upto last index.
 If element found, it display “Element found @ location” else display error message that
“Element not found”

import java.util.Scanner ;
class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter array size : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int arr[ ] = new int[n];
System.out.println("Enter " + n + " values : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<n ; i++){
arr[i] = scan.nextInt();
}
System.out.println("Enter element to search : ");
int ele = scan.nextInt();
boolean found=false;
for (int i=0 ; i<n ; i++){

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 97
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

if(arr[i] == ele){
System.out.println("Element found at location : " + i);
found = true;
break;
}
}
if(!found)
System.out.println("Element not found");
}
}

Program to pass array as parameter to method.

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
Code.display(arr);
}
static void display(int[] x){
System.out.println("Array elements : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<x.length ; i++){
System.out.println(x[i]);
}
}
}

Program to return an array from the method

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] x = Code.getArray();
System.out.println("Array elements : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<x.length ; i++){
System.out.println(x[i]);
}
}
static int[] getArray()
{
int[] arr = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
return arr;
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 98
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to copy elements of one array into another array.

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int src[ ] = {10,20,30,40,50};
int dest[ ] = new int[src.length];
int i=0;
for( int ele : src ){
dest[i] = ele ;
i++;
}
System.out.println("Copied array : " + Arrays.toString(dest));
}
}

Program to merge two arrays

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int[] x = {10, 20, 30, 40};
int[] y = {50, 60, 70};
int[] z = new int[x.length + y.length];
for (int i=0 ; i<x.length ; i++){
z[i] = x[i];
}
for (int j=0 ; j<y.length ; j++){
z[x.length+j] = y[j];
}
System.out.println("Merged array : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<z.length ; i++){
System.out.println(z[i]);
}
}
}

Program to create Array with only even numbers from the given array:
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 2, 3, 8, 1, 4, 6, 7, 9};
int count=0;

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 99
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){

if(arr[i]%2==0)
count++;
}
int[] evens = new int[count];
int j=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]%2==0){
evens[j]=arr[i];
j++;
}
}
System.out.println("Even numbers array : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<evens.length ; i++){
System.out.println(evens[i]);
}
}
}

Program to divide the given array into 2 arrays with even numbers and odd numbers:
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 2, 3, 8, 1, 4, 6, 7, 9};
int count=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]%2==0)
count++;
}
int[] evens = new int[count];
int[] odds = new int[arr.length-count];
int x=0, y=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]%2==0){
evens[x]=arr[i];
x++;
}
else{
odds[y]=arr[i];
y++;
}
}
System.out.println("Even numbers array : ");

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 100
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

for (int i=0 ; i<evens.length ; i++){

System.out.println(evens[i]);
}
System.out.println("Odd numbers array : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<odds.length ; i++){
System.out.println(odds[i]);
}
}
}

Sort array elements and display as String:

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Arrays;
class SortArray
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Random rand = new Random();
int arr[] = new int[5];
for(int i=0 ; i<5 ; i++){
arr[i] = rand.nextInt(100);
}
System.out.println("Before sort : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
Arrays.sort(arr);
System.out.println("After sort : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
}
}

Program to search for an element using Array.binarySearch() method.

import java.util.Scanner ;
import java.util.Arrays ;
class Search
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter array size : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int arr[ ] = new int[n];
System.out.println("Enter " + n + " values : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<n ; i++){
arr[i] = scan.nextInt();
}
System.out.print("Enter element to be searched : ");
int key = scan.nextInt();

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 101
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

int result = Arrays.binarySearch(arr,key);

if (result < 0)
System.out.println("Element is not found!");
else
System.out.println("Element is found at index : " + result);
}
}

Bubble Sort Program in Java:

import java.util.Scanner ;
class Demo
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter array size : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int arr[ ] = new int[n];
System.out.println("Enter " + n + " values : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<n ; i++)
arr[i] = scan.nextInt();
System.out.println("Before sort : ");
for(int ele : arr){
System.out.print(ele + "\t");
}
System.out.println();
for (int i=0 ; i<n-1 ; i++){
for (int j=0 ; j<n-1-i ; j++ ){
if(arr[j] > arr[j+1]){
int temp = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j+1];
arr[j+1] = temp;
}
}
}

System.out.println("After sort : ");

for(int ele : arr){
System.out.print(ele + "\t");
}
System.out.println();
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 102
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Binary Search Algorithm and Program in Java:

import java.util.Scanner ;
class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter array size : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int arr[ ] = new int[n];
System.out.println("Enter " + n + " values : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<n ; i++){
arr[i] = scan.nextInt();
}
System.out.println("Enter element to search : ");
int ele = scan.nextInt();
boolean found=false;
int low=0;
int high=n-1;
while(low <= high){
int mid = (low+high)/2;
if(ele < arr[mid]){
high = mid-1;
}
else if(ele > arr[mid]){
low = mid+1;
}
else if(ele == arr[mid]){
System.out.println("Found at location : " + mid);
found = true;
break;
}
}
if(!found)
System.out.println("Element not found");
}
}

Program to display pair of elements in array whose sum equals to 10:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args){
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5};
int n=8;
for (int i=0 ; i<n-1 ; i++){
for (int j=i+1 ; j<n ; j++){

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 103
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

if(arr[i]+arr[j]==10)
System.out.println("("+arr[i]+","+arr[j]+")");
}
}
}
}

Program to replace all duplicates with 0:

class Code{
public static void main(String[] args){
int[] arr = {6, 2, 3, 1, 6, 7, 6, 3, 6, 2, 3, 2, 1};
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length-1 ; i++){
for (int j=i+1 ; j<arr.length ; j++){
if(arr[i]==arr[j])
arr[j]=0;
}
}
System.out.println("Final array is : ");
for (int x : arr)
System.out.println(x);
}
}

Program to display pair of elements whose sum is 10 (contains duplicates in array):

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {6, 3, 9, 1, 2, 8, 4, 5, 7, 6, 2, 9, 1, 4};
int n=14;
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length-1 ; i++){
for (int j=i+1 ; j<arr.length ; j++){
if(arr[i]==arr[j])
arr[j]=0;
}
for (int k=i+1 ; k<n ; k++){
if(arr[i]+arr[k]==10){
System.out.println("("+arr[i]+","+arr[k]+")");
break;
}
}
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 104
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to find the common elements from 2 arrays.

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int[] a1 = {1, 2, 5, 5, 8, 9, 5, 7, 10};
int[] a2 = {3, 6, 15, 6, 5, 4, 7, 2, 1};
System.out.println("Array1 : " + Arrays.toString(a1));
System.out.println("Array2 : " + Arrays.toString(a2));
for (int i=0 ; i<a1.length ; i++){
for (int j=0 ; j<a2.length ; j++){
if(a1[i] == (a2[j])){
System.out.println("Common element is : " + (a1[i]));
a2[j]=0;
}
}
}
}
}

Program to find the duplicates in the array

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int[] arr = {1, 2, 5, 5, 8, 9, 2, 5, 7, 1, 10, 1, 2};
System.out.println("Array : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
for (int j=i+1 ; j<arr.length ; j++){
if(arr[i]!=0 && (arr[i] == arr[j])){
System.out.println(arr[i] + " is duplicated");
arr[j]=0;
break;
}
}
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 105
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to find the second largest element in the given array:

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {4, 7, 2, 9, 3, 8, 6, 1, 5};
System.out.println("Array : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
int f=arr[0];
int s=arr[1];
if(f<s){
int t=f;
f=s;
s=t;
}
for (int i=2 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]>f){
s=f;
f=arr[i];
}
else if(arr[i]<f && arr[i]>s){
s=arr[i];
}
}
System.out.println("First Largest : " + f);
System.out.println("Second Largest : " + s);
}
}

Program to arrange even numbers to left side and odd numbers to right side of Array:
import java.util.Arrays;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {7, 2, 9, 8, 4, 1, 2, 6, 5};
System.out.println("Given array : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
int i=0;
int j=arr.length-1;
while(i<j){
while(true){
if(arr[i]%2!=0)
break;
else
i++;
}
while(true){

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 106
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

if(arr[j]%2==0)
break;
else
j--;
}
if(i<j){
int t=arr[i];
arr[i]=arr[j];
arr[j]=t;
}
i++;
j--;
}
System.out.println("Result array : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
}
}

Program to check 2 arrays are equal or not:

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] a1 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
int[] a2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
String s1 = Arrays.toString(a1);
String s2 = Arrays.toString(a2);
if(s1.equals(s2))
System.out.println("Arrays are equal");
else
System.out.println("Arrays are not equal");
}
}

Program to test the equality of 2 arrays without using pre-defined method.

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args){
int[] a1 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
int[] a2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
if(a1.length == a2.length){
boolean equal=true;
for (int i=0 ; i<a1.length ; i++){
if(a1[i] != a2[i])
equal=false;

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 107
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

}
if(equal)
System.out.println("Arrays are equal");
else
System.out.println("Arrays are not equal");
}
else
System.out.println("Arrays are not equal");
}
}

Program to find the missing number in the given array.

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9};
int start=arr[0];
for (int i=1 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(++start != arr[i]){
System.out.println("Missing number is : " + start);
break;
}
}
}
}

Program to move all zero to the end of given array

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {9, 0, 0, 4, 0, 3, 0, 2, 0};
System.out.println("Given array : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
int i=0;
int j=arr.length-1;
while(i<j){
while(true){
if(arr[i]==0)
break;
else
i++;
}
while(true){
if(arr[j]!=0)
break;

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 108
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

else
j--;
}
if(i<j){
int t = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = t;
}
i++;
j--;
}
System.out.println("Resultant array: " + Arrays.toString(arr));
}
}

Program to find the largest difference of Array elements:

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 7, 3, 8, 6, 9, 4};
System.out.println("Given array : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
int small=arr[0];
int big=arr[0];
for (int i=1 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(small>arr[i])
small=arr[i];
if(big<arr[i])
big=arr[i];
}
System.out.println("Largest Difference between elements : " + (big-small));
}
}

Program to find the index difference between smallest and largest elements:
import java.util.Arrays;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 7, 3, 8, 6, 9, 4};
System.out.println("Given array : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
int small=arr[0];
int big=arr[0];
int x=0, y=0;
for (int i=1 ; i<arr.length ; i++){

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 109
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

if(small>arr[i]){
small=arr[i];
x=i;
}
if(big<arr[i]){
big=arr[i];
y=i;
}
}
System.out.println("Index difference between Small and Large Elements : " +
Math.abs(x-y));
}
}

Program to check array contains only positive numbers or not

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {5, 7, 3, 8, 6, -4, 4};
System.out.println("Given array : " + Arrays.toString(arr));
boolean found=false;
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]<0){
found=true;
break;
}
}
if(found)
System.out.println("Array has negative elements");
else
System.out.println("Array has only positive elements");
}
}

Program to print leader elements in the array : All elements to its right must be smaller to
Leader element
import java.util.Arrays;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int arr[] = {10, 9, 14, 23, 15, 0, 9};
int size = arr.length;
for (int i=0 ; i<size ; i++) {
int j;

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 110
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

for (j=i+1 ; j<size ; j++) {

if (arr[i] <= arr[j])
break;
}
if (j==size)
System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 111
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Two Dimensional Arrays

Two-dimensional Array: 2D arrays are also called Matrix in java. 2D arrays are used to store
and process information of 2-dimensional format (rows and columns). We can create 2D array
directly using any one of the following syntax
int arr[][] = new int[][] { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 } };
or
int[][] arr = new int[][] { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 } };
or
int[] arr[] = new int[][] { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 } };
or
int arr[][] = { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 } };

Processing 2D array: We can perform all operations like reading, modifying, displaying using
nested loops.
public class Logic
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int arr[][] = new int[3][3];
System.out.println("Elements are : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<3 ; i++)
{
for(int j=0 ; j<3 ; j++)
{
System.out.print(arr[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Find the row size and column size of array:

public class Logic {
public static void main(String args[]){
int[][] test = new int[5][10];
int row = test.length;
int col = test[0].length;
System.out.println("Row size is : " + row);
System.out.println("Col size is : " + col);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 112
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Find the length of Array:

public class Logic{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int A[][] = {{10,20,30},{40,50},{70,80}};
System.out.println("Length of array : " + (A[0].length + A[1].length + A[2].length));

}
}

We can initialize the 2D array directly using assignment operator as follows:

public class Logic{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int arr[][] = { {1,2,3}, {3,4,5}, {5,6,7}};
System.out.println("Elements are : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<3 ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<3 ; j++){
System.out.print(arr[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Construct 2D matrix using end user input data:

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Logic{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Row size : ");
int m = scan.nextInt();
System.out.print("Column size : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int arr[][] = new int[m][n];
System.out.println("Enter " + (m*n) + " elements : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<m ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<n ; j++){
arr[i][j] = scan.nextInt();
}
}
System.out.println(m + "X" + n + " matrix is : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<m ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<n ; j++){

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 113
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

System.out.print(arr[i][j] + " ");

}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Find the maximum row sum:

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Logic
{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Row size : ");
int m = scan.nextInt();
System.out.print("Column size : ");
int n = scan.nextInt();
int arr[][] = new int[m][n];
System.out.println("Enter " + (m*n) + " elements : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<m ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<n ; j++){
arr[i][j] = scan.nextInt();
}
}
int row[] = new int[m];
for (int i=0 ; i<m ; i++){
int sum=0;
for(int j=0 ; j<n ; j++){
sum = sum + arr[i][j] ;
}
row[i] = sum;
}
int max = row[0];
for(int i=1 ; i<row.length ; i++){
if(max < row[i])
max = row[i];
}
System.out.println("Maximum row sum is : " + max);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 114
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Addition of 2 matrixes:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Logic{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int A[][] = new int[2][2];
int B[][] = new int[2][2];
int C[][] = new int[2][2];
System.out.println("Enter 4 elements into A : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<2 ; i++)
for(int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++)
A[i][j] = scan.nextInt();

System.out.println("Enter 4 elements into B : ");

for (int i=0 ; i<2 ; i++)
for(int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++)
B[i][j] = scan.nextInt();

for (int i=0 ; i<2 ; i++)

for(int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++)
C[i][j] = A[i][j] +B[i][j] ;

System.out.println("Added matrix is : ");

for (int i=0 ; i<2 ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++){
System.out.print(C[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Matrix multiplication:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Logic{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int A[][] = new int[2][2];
int B[][] = new int[2][2];
int C[][] = new int[2][2];
System.out.println("Enter 4 elements into A : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<2 ; i++)
for(int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++)

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 115
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

A[i][j] = scan.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter 4 elements into B : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<2 ; i++)
for(int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++)
B[i][j] = scan.nextInt();
for (int i=0 ; i<2 ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++){
C[i][j] = 0;
for (int k=0 ; k<2 ; k++ ){
C[i][j] = C[i][j] + A[i][k] * B[k][j];
}
}
}
System.out.println("Mutliplied matrix is : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<2 ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++){
System.out.print(C[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Transpose of a Matrix:
public class Logic{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int A[][] = {{10,20,30},{40,50,60},{70,80,90}};
System.out.println("Input Matrix is : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<3 ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<3 ; j++){
System.out.print(A[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
for (int i=0 ; i<3 ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<3 ; j++){
if(i<j){
int temp = A[i][j];
A[i][j] = A[j][i];
A[j][i] = temp;
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 116
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

System.out.println("Transposed Matrix is : ");

for (int i=0 ; i<3 ; i++){
for(int j=0 ; j<3 ; j++){
System.out.print(A[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Program to sort Each row in given Matrix:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[][] a = { {5, 3, 7, 2, 8}, {9, 2, 8, 4, 6}, {6, 1, 9, 7, 3} };
System.out.println("Given Matris is : ");
for(int i=0 ; i<a.length ; i++){
for(int j=0; j<a[i].length ; j++){
System.out.print(a[i][j]+ " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
for (int i=0 ; i<a.length ; i++){
for (int j=0 ; j<a[i].length-1 ; j++){
for (int k=0 ; k<a[i].length-1 ; k++){
if(a[i][k] > a[i][k+1]){
int temp = a[i][k];
a[i][k] = a[i][k+1];
a[i][k+1] = temp;
}
}
}
}
System.out.println("Sorted Matris is : ");
for(int i=0 ; i<a.length ; i++){
for(int j=0; j<a[i].length ; j++){
System.out.print(a[i][j]+ " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 117
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Strings

Can we assign character to integer variable?

We can directly assign character to integer called “Implicit Cast”. The ASCII value will store into
integer variable.
char ch = ‘A’;
int x = ch;

How to convert integer into character?

We cannot assign integer value directly to character variable. We must explicitly cast(convert)
int x = 100 ;
char ch = (char)x;

Program to Check the character is vowel or consonant

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter character : ");
char ch = scan.next().charAt(0);
if(ch=='a' || ch=='e' || ch=='i' || ch=='o' || ch=='u')
System.out.println("It is vowel");
else
System.out.println("It is not a vowel");
}
}

program to check the given character is digit or not

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter character : ");
char ch = scan.next().charAt(0);
if(ch>='0' && ch<='9')
System.out.println("It is Digit");
else
System.out.println("It is not a Digit");
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 118
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to check the character is Alphabet or not

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter character : ");
char ch = scan.next().charAt(0);
if((ch>='A' && ch<='Z') || (ch>='a' && ch<='z'))
System.out.println("It is an Alphabet");
else
System.out.println("It is not an Alphabet");
}
}

Program to check the character is special symbol or not

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter character : ");
char ch = scan.next().charAt(0);
if(!((ch>='A' && ch<='Z') || (ch>='a' && ch<='z') || (ch>='0' && ch<='9')))
System.out.println("It is a symbol");
else
System.out.println("It is not a symbol");
}
}

Program to convert upper case character to lower case character

ASCII Character Set:
A-65 a-97 0-48 *-34
B-66 b-98 1-49 #-35
… …. .. $-36
… …. .. …
… …. .. …
Z-90 z-122 9-57 …

From ASCII table:

Upper Case Character + 32 = Lower Case Character
Lower Case Character – 32 = Upper Case Character

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 119
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

import java.util.Scanner;
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Upper case character : ");
char ch = scan.next().charAt(0);
if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z'){
ch = (char)(ch+32);
System.out.println("Lower case character is : " + ch);
}
else
System.out.println("Invalid Character Entered");
}
}

Display the length of given character array

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char[] arr = {'a' , 'x' , '3' , 'm', 'x', '@' , 'p', '7', 'm', '4', '$'};
int n = arr.length;
System.out.println("Length of Array is : " + n);
}
}

Convert String object into character array: String class providing toCharArray() method for
this conversion.
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "Coding";
char[] arr = str.toCharArray();
System.out.println("Elements :");
for(char ele : arr)
System.out.println(ele);
}
}

Program to find the length of character array:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char[] arr = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'};
System.out.println("Length of array : " + arr.length);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 120
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Display First and Last characters of Array:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
char[] arr = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'};
System.out.println("First character : " + arr[0]);
System.out.println("Last character : " + arr[arr.length-1]);
}
}

Display Character array using for-each loop:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char[] arr = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'};
System.out.println("Array elements : ");
for(char ch : arr)
System.out.println(ch);
}
}

Display Character array in reverse order:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
char[] arr = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'};
System.out.println("Reverse array : ");
for (int i=arr.length-1 ; i>=0 ; i--)
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}

Display only symbols digits in character array:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char[] arr = {'a', 'b', 'c', '@', '1', '2', '3'};
System.out.println("Digits in array : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i]>='0' && arr[i]<='9')
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 121
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to count Alphabets, Digits and Symbols in the character array:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
char[] arr = {'a', 'b', 'c', '@', '1', '2', '3'};
int alpha=0, digit=0, sym=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
char ch=arr[i];
if((ch>='A'&&ch<='Z') || (ch>='a'&&ch<='z'))
alpha++;
else if(ch>='0' && ch<='9')
digit++;
else
sym++;
}
System.out.println("Alphabets : " + alpha);
System.out.println("Digits : " + digit);
System.out.println("Symbols : " + sym);
}
}

Program display length of String:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String s = "Coding";
System.out.println("Length is : " + s.length());
}
}

Program to display First and Last characters of String:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String s = "Coding";
System.out.println("First Character : " + s.charAt(0));
System.out.println("Last Character : " + s.charAt(s.length()-1));
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 122
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to print String character by character:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "Coding";
for (int i=0 ; i<=s.length()-1 ; i++){
System.out.println(s.charAt(i));
}
}
}

Program to print the String in reverse order:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "Coding";
for (int i=s.length()-1 ; i>=0 ; i--){
System.out.println(s.charAt(i));
}
}
}

Program to check the 2 strings equal or not:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1="Coding";
String s2="Code";
if(s1.equals(s2))
System.out.println("Equal");
else
System.out.println("Not equal");
}
}

Program to create reverse string from given string:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "Coding";
String rev="";
for (int i=s.length()-1 ; i>=0 ; i--){
rev=rev+s.charAt(i);
}
System.out.println("Reverse string is : " + rev);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 123
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to count Alphabets, Digits and Symbols in the given String

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "Coding@365";
int c1=0, c2=0, c3=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<=s.length()-1 ; i++){
char ch=s.charAt(i);
if((ch>='A'&&ch<='Z')||(ch>='a'&&ch<='z'))
c1++;
else if(ch>='0'&&ch<='9')
c2++;
else
c3++;
}
System.out.println("Alphabets : " + c1);
System.out.println("Digits : " + c2);
System.out.println("Symbols : " + c3);
}
}

How to check if a string is a palindrome?

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String line = "madam";
String rev = reverseString(line);
if (line.equals(rev))
System.out.println("Palindrome String");
else
System.out.println("Not a palindrome String.");
}
public static String reverseString(String str) {
String rev = "";
for (int i = str.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
rev += str.charAt(i);
}
return rev;
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 124
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to find the sum of digits in the given String:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "Coding@365";
int sum=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<=s.length()-1 ; i++){
char ch=s.charAt(i);
if(ch>='0'&&ch<='9')
sum = sum + (int)(ch-48);
}
System.out.println("String is : " + s);
System.out.println("Sum of Digits : " + sum);
}
}

Display the ASCII values of characters in the given String:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "Coding";
System.out.println(s + " ASCII values : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<s.length() ; i++){
char ch=s.charAt(i);
System.out.println(ch + " : " + (int)ch);
}
}
}

Program to convert upper case string to lower case string:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "CoDiNg@365";
String res="";
for (int i=0 ; i<s.length() ; i++){
char ch=s.charAt(i);
if(ch>='A' && ch<='Z')
res=res+(char)(ch+32);
else
res=res+ch;
}
System.out.println("Given string is : " + s);
System.out.println("Lower case String : " + res);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 125
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to display highest digit in the given String:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "coding@365";
int n=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<s.length() ; i++){
char ch=s.charAt(i);
if(ch>='0'&&ch<='9'){
int x=(int)(ch-48);
if(x>n)
n=x;
}
}
System.out.println("Higher digit in String : " + n);
}
}

Program to find the length of String array

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] arr = {"java", "jsp", "servlets", "hibernate", "springBoot"};
System.out.println("Length of array : " + arr.length);
}
}

Program to display Strings from Array:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] arr = {"java", "jsp", "servlets", "hibernate", "springBoot"};
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 126
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to display the length of each String in the array:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String[] arr = {"java", "jsp", "servlets", "hibernate", "springBoot"};
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
String s = arr[i];
System.out.println(s + " : " + s.length());
}
}
}

Program to display First and Last characters of each string in the array:
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String[] arr = {"java", "jsp", "servlets", "hibernate", "springBoot"};
for (int i=0 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
String s = arr[i];
System.out.println(s+" : "+s.charAt(0)+","+s.charAt(s.length()-1));
}
}
}

Program to display String array in reverse order:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] arr = {"java", "jsp", "servlets", "hibernate", "springBoot"};
for (int i=arr.length-1 ; i>=0 ; i--){
System.out.println(arr[i]);
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 127
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to display each String in reverse order from Array:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] arr = {"java", "jsp", "servlets", "hibernate", "springBoot"};
for (int i=0 ; i<=arr.length-1 ; i++){
String s = arr[i];
for (int j=s.length()-1 ; j>=0 ; j--){
System.out.print(s.charAt(j));
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Program to Split the String into Words:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args){
String s = "This is core java test";
String[] arr = s.split(" ");
System.out.println("String is : " + s);
System.out.println("Words count : " + arr.length);
}
}

Program to count number of words in the given string without split() method.
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "This is core java test";
int spaces=0;
for (int i=0 ; i<s.length() ; i++){
if(s.charAt(i)==' ')
spaces++;
}
System.out.println("String is : " + s);
System.out.println("Words count : " + (spaces+1));
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 128
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to check two strings are Anagrams or not:

We can say if two strings are an anagram of each other if they contain the same
characters but at different orders. For example, army & mary

import java.util.Arrays;
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1 = "army";
String s2 = "mary";
System.out.println("Check Anagram or not : "+ isAnagram(s1, s2));
}
public static boolean isAnagram(String s1, String s2){
char[] a1 = s1.toLowerCase().toCharArray();
char[] a2 = s2.toLowerCase().toCharArray();
Arrays.sort(a1);
Arrays.sort(a2);
return Arrays.equals(a1, a2);
}
}

Program to display longest word in the given String:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "This is the Longest Sentense in Java";
String[] arr = s.split(" ");
int loc=0;
int h=arr[0].length();
for (int i=1 ; i<arr.length ; i++){
if(arr[i].length()>h){
h=arr[i].length();
loc=i;
}
}
System.out.println("Longest Word is : " + arr[loc]);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 129
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to remove duplicates in the String:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "aaabbababaacccbabdcccbdddbac";
String res = "";
for (int i=0 ; i<str.length()-1 ; i++){
int j=0;
for (j=0 ; j<i ; j++){
if(str.charAt(i)==str.charAt(j))
break;
}
if(j==i)
res = res + str.charAt(i);
}
System.out.println("Given String : " + str);
System.out.println("Resultant string : " + res);
}
}

Program to print String permutations using Iterator(loop):

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "abc";
for (char x='a' ; x<='c' ; x++){
for (char y='a' ; y<='c' ; y++){
for (char z='a' ; z<='c' ; z++){
if(x!=y && y!=z && z!=x)
System.out.println(x+""+y+""+z);
}
}
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 130
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to print String permutations using Recursion:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "ABC";
permutations("", str);
}
static void permutations(String s, String rem){
if (rem == "")
return;
if (rem.length() == 0)
System.out.println(s);
for (int i=0 ; i<rem.length(); i++)
{
String n = s + rem.charAt(i);
String nrem = rem.substring(0,i) + rem.substring(i + 1);
permutations(n, nrem);
}
}
}

Program to remove spaces in String:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "This is a String";
s = s.replaceAll(" ", "");
System.out.println("Result : " + s);
}
}

Program to remove spaces in String using regular expression:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "This is a String";
s = s.replaceAll("\\s", "");
System.out.println("Result : " + s);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 131
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to remove multiple spaces in the given string:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "This is a String";
s = s.replaceAll("\\s+", " ");
System.out.println("Result : " + s);
}
}

Program to remove multiple spaces in string without using library method:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1 = "This is a String";
String s2 = "";
for (int i=0 ; i<s1.length() ; i++){
char ch = s1.charAt(i);
if(ch != ' ')
s2=s2+ch;
else{
if(s1.charAt(i+1) != ' ')
s2=s2+ch;
}
}
System.out.println("Result : " + s2);
}
}

Program to print characters specified by the number of times:

Input: abc3e2f4
Expected output: abccceeffff
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "abc3e2f4";
System.out.println("Input : " + s);
System.out.print("Output : ");
for (int i=0 ; i<s.length() ; i++){
char ch = s.charAt(i);

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 132
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

char ch1 = s.charAt(i+1);

if(ch1>='0' && ch1<='9'){
for (int j=1 ; j<=(ch1-48) ; j++){
System.out.print(ch);
}
i++;
}
else
System.out.print(ch);
}
System.out.println();
}
}

Program to swap the side-by-side characters in the given string:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1 = "abcde";
String s2 = "";
for (int i=0 ; i<s1.length() ; i+=2){
if(i+2 < s1.length())
s2 = s2 + s1.charAt(i+1) + s1.charAt(i);
else
s2 = s2 + s1.charAt(i);
}
System.out.println("Input String is : " + s1);
System.out.println("Output String is : " + s2);
}
}

Program to remove duplicates in the given String:

class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String s1 = "aaaabbaababaaabccccaaab";
String s2 = "";

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 133
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

for (int i=0 ; i<s1.length() ; i+=2){

if(!s2.contains(""+s1.charAt(i)))
s2 = s2 + s1.charAt(i);
}
System.out.println("Input String is : " + s1);
System.out.println("Output String is : " + s2);
}
}

Program to check how many times the given sub string is present:
class Code
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "abcaabcaaabcabacabcaabcaabc";
String[] arr = s.split("abc");
System.out.println("abc repeated : " + (arr.length) + " times");
}
}

Program to display the charaacter count in the given string:

Input : aaabbbaccccddacdd
Output : a-5, b-3, c-5, d-4
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "aaabbbaccccddacdd";
int[] arr = new int[256];
for (int i=0 ; i<s.length() ; i++){
arr[(int)s.charAt(i)]++;
}
for (int i=0 ; i<256 ; i++){
if(arr[i]!=0){
System.out.println((char)i + " : " + arr[i]);
}
}
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 134
 Practice @ www.onlinejavacompiler.com

Program to remove the sub string in the given String:

class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "This is Core Java String";
System.out.println("Given String : " + s);
s = s.replace("Core", "");
System.out.println("After removing Sub string : " + s);
}
}

Program to remove sub string in the given string without library method:
class Code {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1 = "This is Core Java String";
String s2 = "";
String sub = "Core";
int n=sub.length();
for (int i=0 ; i<s1.length() ; i++){
char ch = s1.charAt(i);
if(ch != sub.charAt(0)){
s2 = s2 + ch;
}
else {
String match = s1.substring(i, i+n);
i=i+n;
}
}
System.out.println("Given String : " + s1);
System.out.println("After removing Sub string : " + s2);
}
}

Contact for Online Classes: +91 – 911 955 6789 / 7306021113 Page - 135