Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 11 views

    Paper 6 Notes

    Uploaded by

    abdul
    1. The document lists many potential errors and disturbances that could occur during physics experiments related to measurements of mass, density, force, moment, work, pressure, light, waves, voltage, current, and resistance. 2. It then provides precautions that could be taken to avoid common errors like parallax error, ensuring precise tools are used, taking multiple measurements, and controlling variables like temperature. 3. Examples include leveling measurement tools with the eye, using timers with sufficient precision, oscillating pendulums multiple times, and using thin materials to reduce refraction when taking light measurements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Paper 6 Notes

    Uploaded by

    abdul
    11 views9 pages
    1. The document lists many potential errors and disturbances that could occur during physics experiments related to measurements of mass, density, force, moment, work, pressure, light, waves, voltage, current, and resistance. 2. It then provides precautions that could be taken to avoid common errors like parallax error, ensuring precise tools are used, taking multiple measurements, and controlling variables like temperature. 3. Examples include leveling measurement tools with the eye, using timers with sufficient precision, oscillating pendulums multiple times, and using thin materials to reduce refraction when taking light measurements.

    Original Title

    PAPER 6 NOTES

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The document lists many potential errors and disturbances that could occur during physics experiments related to measurements of mass, density, force, moment, work, pressure, light, waves, voltage, current, and resistance. 2. It then provides precautions that could be taken to avoid common errors like parallax error, ensuring precise tools are used, taking multiple measurements, and controlling variables like temperature. 3. Examples include leveling measurement tools with the eye, using timers with sufficient precision, oscillating pendulums multiple times, and using thin materials to reduce refraction when taking light measurements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xls, pdf, or txt
    11 views9 pages

    Paper 6 Notes

    Uploaded by

    abdul
    1. The document lists many potential errors and disturbances that could occur during physics experiments related to measurements of mass, density, force, moment, work, pressure, light, waves, voltage, current, and resistance. 2. It then provides precautions that could be taken to avoid common errors like parallax error, ensuring precise tools are used, taking multiple measurements, and controlling variables like temperature. 3. Examples include leveling measurement tools with the eye, using timers with sufficient precision, oscillating pendulums multiple times, and using thin materials to reduce refraction when taking light measurements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xls, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    PAPER 6 NOTES

    Abdul Wahhab Azam

    ERRORS and DISTURBANCES


    Measurments Mass Weight and Density Force Moment Work
    Parallax error: Parallax error: when taking Spring and extension Parallax error
    When taking measurement from scale either not linear in the Didn’t measure the
    Measurement from rule or flask or beaker spring extension distance of object
    Scale either rule or Didn’t read bottom of meniscus experiment from pivot from the
    Flask or Beaker for liquids other than mercury Metre rule not center or apparent
    Didnt read meniscus oflike for water when measuring uniform/straight center of mass of
    of mercury from top volume Test load doesn’t the object
    because it is curved Precision error have the weight you Rule tipping over
    Didn’t read bottom of thought it had Rule sliding off pivot
    meniscus for liquids or mass off rule
    other than mercury Mass placed on top
    Timer/Stopwatch not of the rule
    precise enough Rule not straignt
    Pendulum not or uniform
    oscillated more than Test load not exactly
    one time of the weight it was
    Didn't use tenticks expected to have
    instead used 1 tick
    in tickertape timer
    Used a small scale
    for big value and big
    one for small
    (precision error)
    Rule not straight or
    uniform
    Measuring cylinder
    on slanted surface
    Measuring cylinder
    scale not precise
    Water lost by
    splashing or left on
    object in sinking
    experiment to find
    volume or the object
    may have absorbing
    abilities
    Pressure Light Waves Voltage Current and Resistance
    Refraction error in Refraction error in Parallax error when mesuring
    reflection of rays reflection experiment voltage and current
    experiment or if or any other Refraction error glass was too
    watching through a having a clear object thick and c aused refraction
    clear object Image formed when reading value from a
    Pins less than 5cm couldn’t be measured voltmeter and ammeter
    away from each other because of small Heating of wire during the
    in ray tracing size of it experiment can influence the
    experiment resistance
    Pins too thick for the Width of sliding contact on the
    ray tracing variable resistor may cause error
    experiment
    Blunt pencil used to
    draw rays in the ray
    tracing experiment
    Difficulty in aligning
    the pins in a ray
    tracing experiment
    Hand/Rule covering
    the image formed
    Pins not vertical
    Power Heat capacity Heat transfer Sound Electricity
    Didn’t read mercury reading of the Stopwatch/Timer Parallax error when
    meniscus from top thermometer wasn’t wasn’t precise measuring voltage
    Reading of the made stable before enough or current
    thermometer wasn’t measuring the Components placed
    made stable before temperature in different positions
    measuring the Thermometer bulb can cause results to
    temperature was touching walls vary
    Thermometer bulb of the container The length of the
    was touching the mostly a beaker wire wasn’t measured
    walls of the container filled with water accurately not to the
    mostly a beaker The atmospheric nearest millimeter
    filled with water temperature was The length at which
    The atmospheric changing during the crocodile clip
    temperature was measuring the was attached is
    changing while temperature during not accurately
    measuring the the experiment measured and noted
    temperature during Didn’t read mercury and the placement
    the experiment meniscus from top or in otherwords grip
    Didn’t stir the liquid Didn’t stir the liquid of the crocodile clip
    before measuring the before measuring the isnt precise enough
    temperature temperature is covering less/more
    Draught can change than what was
    results expected of it to
    Thickness of the
    insulation isnt
    noticable
    Miscellaneous
    Didn't repeat the
    experiment only
    did one time

    ’t measured
    PAPER 6 NOTES
    Abdul Wahhab Azam

    PRECAUTIONS
    Measurements Mass Weight and Density Force Moment Work
    To avoid the Parallax Level eye with scale when Level eye with scale
    error always read taking measurements to avoid to avoid Parallax error
    scale by levelling it Parallax error Measure from center
    with eye not from Always read bottom of meniscus of mass the
    top or bottom for water when measuring the perpendicular
    Read Meniscus of Volume of an object or liquid distance between
    Mercury from top Always use a PRECISE scale the object and pivot
    because it is curved Try to Pivot the rule
    like a mini dome on it's center of mass
    Read the Menicus so that it doesn’t tip
    of liquid other than over
    Mercury from the Try to have a rule
    bottom it is shaped with enough friction
    like a bowl to not slide off the
    Always use a Timer/ pivot and the masses
    Stopwatch that can to not slide off it
    match the level of It is preffered to hang
    precision of the the mass instead of
    experiment the placing it directly on
    experiment may the rule
    only need a precision
    of minutes or a
    precision of millisecs
    Always oscillate the
    pendulum more than
    1 time (atleast 10)
    when measuring
    time period for 1
    always take average
    Use more than 1
    tick for tickertape
    timer
    Always use a precise
    scale by using a
    bigger one for big
    values and smaller
    for small ones
    Place measuring
    cylinder on vertical
    smooth surface
    Pressure Light Waves Voltage Current and Resistance
    Use a thin mirror Use thin mirror when To avoid Parallax error when
    for reflection carrying out any measuring the voltage or current
    experiments to experiment of from a voltmeter ot ammeter
    avoid multiple reflction or when keep eye level with scale
    distorted reflections seeing through clear Glass of ammeter or voltmeter
    Pins or any object objects should be thin to avoid refraction
    that they’ve given you Use a transparent Don’t let too much current flow
    should be at least and small scale for in the wire which can cause the
    5cm away from each small images resistance to be changed by
    other for accurate ray heating and influencing the
    tracing experiment results
    Use thin fine tip The sliding contact on the
    pencil for ray tracing variable resistor should be
    experiment thin for greater accuracy
    view bottom of pins Difficult to measure/intepolate
    in ray tracing reading(s) between graduations
    Use thin pins for ray Tap the meter glass in case the
    tracing experiment needle sticks
    Mirror too thick for
    the ray tracing
    experiment
    Use a translucent
    screen and view from
    behind
    Use the darkest room
    and the brightest
    image for the image
    forming experiment
    Move the lens slowly
    back and forth to
    find the sharpest
    image
    The object lens and
    screen should be
    vertical for lens
    experiment
    Object and center of
    lens should be of the
    same height
    Mark the center of
    the lens on it's holder
    or gripper
    Clamp rule should be
    fixed to the bench
    Pins must be vertical
    Move lense near to
    object to make image
    more clear
    Power Heat capacity Heat transfer Sound Electricity
    Read meniscus of Make reading of Stopwatch/Timer Don’t touch the wire
    Mercury from top thermometer stable should be precise Put components on
    Make the reading of before using it exact same position
    the thermometer thermometer bulb to get same results
    stable before using it musnt touch the Use a precise scale
    to measure the walls of the container to measure length of
    temperature so that Atmospheric temp the length at which
    any other temp wont should be kept the crocodile clip is
    influence the result constant placed at the wire
    Thermometer should Read mercury should be measured
    not touch the walls of thermometer using a precise scale
    the container mostly meniscus from the and then note it
    a beaker with water top The grip of the
    so that the reading Stir the liquid to crocodile clip should
    isnt influenced regulate the temp be precisely known
    Atmospheric temp Draughts should be it musnt be less or
    should be kept same avoided when trying more covering than
    during the whole to match results what is needed
    experiment so that Thickness of the
    results are accurate insulation can affect
    Stir the liquid to the results
    regulate the temp Thermometer depth
    before measuring must be kept
    constant for greater
    accuracy and
    reliability
    Miscellaneous
    Repeating the
    experiment increases
    its accuracy

    You might also like