MAPEH 7

MUSIC • ARTS • PHYSICAL EDUCATION • HEALTH

Health – Grade 7
Quarter 4 – Module 1: Nature of Non – Communicable Diseases
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Rhea P. Muyco
Editor: Jefferson C. Ordillas
Reviewer: Joelie C. Sy
Illustrator: Cristy A. Arellano
Layout Artist: Anna Jean J. Fernandez
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Carolina T. Rivera
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Health 7
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 1
Nature and Common Non-
Communicable Diseases
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to Health Education 7 Fourth Quarter Module 1 Nature and Common Non
– Communicable Diseases!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by Officer in Charge, Schools
Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership with
the Local Government of Pasig thru its Mayor, Hon. Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The
writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the Most
Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal, social,
and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the five C’s namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Health 7 Self-Learning Module 1 on Nature and Common Non –

Communicable Diseases!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION
After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. explain non – communicable diseases based on cause and effect, signs and
symptoms, risk factors and protective factors and possible complications H7DD-
lVb-d-25

Specifically, you should be able to:

1. understand the nature of non-communicable diseases.

2. identify the cause and effect, signs and symptoms of non- communicable
diseases for a healthy life.
3. demonstrate understanding in non-communicable diseases based on cause and
effect, signs and symptoms, risk factors and possible complications on the
individual health and well – being.

PRE – TEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on your
notebook.

1. Which of the following is a non –communicable disease?

a. Cancer b. Influenza c. Malaria d. Tuberculosis

2. A chronic condition in which breathing becomes difficult.

a. Allergy b. Asthma c. Stroke d. Arthritis

3. Masses of cells that are not cancerous and do not spread.

a. Benign b. Malignant c. tumors d. Lump

4. Which of the following statements does NOT describe non –communicable

diseases?
a. Caused by pathogen
b. Consequence of unhealthy lifestyle
c. Cannot be transmitted from one person to another
d. Consequence of behavioral and hereditary factors

5. You noticed that your grandmother is experiencing sudden weight loss,

excessive thirst and lack of energy. What type of disease do you think is
evident?
a. Arthritis b. Hypertension c. Diabetes d. Kidney failure
 RECAP
In the previous quarter, you have learned about mental health,
understanding stress, common areas of stressors that affect adolescents, coping
with stress, dying and death. You also learned about types and management of
common mental disorders. In the quest for healthy living, the next chapter deals
with prevention and control of non – communicable diseases.

LESSON

Prevention and Control of Diseases and Disorders

(Non – Communicable Diseases)

Introduction:
Disease is a condition that prevents the body or mind from working
normally.
Two types of diseases
1. Communicable diseases – are illness that can be transferred or passed
from one person to another.
They are caused by pathogens like germs, bacteria, viruses, fungi, and
protozoa.
Examples: colds, pneumonia, influenza or flu, malaria, etc.
2. Non communicable or chronic diseases –are non-infectious illnesses
which may result from hereditary or lifestyle factors and not from pathogens.
Common example are heart disease and cancer that may result from
hereditary factors, improper diet, and other risk factors. Some non-
communicable diseases do not usually lead to death but are uncomfortable
and causes suffering.

Nature of Non- Communicable Diseases

Non – communicable diseases are some of the major causes of mortality in
the Philippines. Many Filipinos die every day because of heart diseases and cancer.
Diabetes, arthritis, and respiratory disorders are also a major health concerns.
That is why it is important for everyone to know the information about non-
communicable diseases and their prevention.
Non –communicable disease is a medical condition or disease:

 which is not infectious

 with long duration
 relatively slow in progress
 which a person is unaware of the disease unless or otherwise examined
 a silent killer of people
Common Non – Communicable Diseases
1. Allergy – is synonymous to hypersensitivity, which refers to an exaggerate
response to an antibody – forming substance or antigen.
Cause: Food intake, vaccine or blood transfusion, insect sting, skin contact,
or through nasal by smell.
Signs and Symptoms: Swelling of the mucus membrane, redness and
itching of eyes, impaired hearing, rashes, and headaches.
2. Asthma – is a chronic condition in which breathing become difficult.
- Hypersensitivity
- Exaggerated response to an antibody forming substance or antigen
- Not –contagious
Cause: Dust and molds, pollens, cold air, weather change, sinus infections,
stress, and certain foods.
Signs and Symptoms: Shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, chest
tightness
Protective factors:

 Do not inhale paints fumes, insecticides, and cleaning products

 Avoid products sold in aerosol cans
 Drink at least 6 to 8 glasses of water a day
 Avoid stressful situations and do not exercise too hard
 Do not smoke or avoid secondhand smoke
 Take all prescribed medications with filled stomach
 Do not go outside in extremely cold weather

3. Cardiovascular Disease – is a disease of the heart and blood vessels. This

disease is the leading cause of mortality in the Philippines.
Risk factors: Smoking, diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol, age, obesity,
physical inactivity
Ways of reducing risk of cardiovascular diseases:

 Maintain health blood cholesterol level and choose a heart-friendly

diet.
 Avoid smoking and secondhand smoke.
 Maintain a healthy blood pressure.
 Maintain a normal body weight.
 Participate in regular physical activities.

Types of Cardiovascular Disease are: Coronary heart disease; Heart

attack; Angina Pectoris; Rheumatic Fever; Heart Rhythm Abnormalities or
Arrhythmia; Congestive Heart Failure; Stroke
 Signs of stroke: According to the American Heart Association, F.A.S.T is an
easy way to remember the signs of stroke.
F – Face Drooping. Does the face sag on one side or numb? Ask the
person to smile and examine if the smile is uneven.
A – Arm Weakness. Ask the person to lift both arms. Can the person
keep arms lift up?
S – Speech Difficulty. Is the person’s speech slurred? Do you
understand what the person is saying?
T – Time to Call. If the person shows any indication of the following signs,
call for emergency and get immediate hospitalization. Remember the time
when the first signs occurred.
4. Cancer – caused by abnormal cells growing without control. As these abnormal
cells grow, they form in masses called tumors.
Ways to treat cancer through radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and
immunotherapy.
Tumors can either be:

a. Benign – masses of cells that are not cancerous and do not spread.
b. Malignant – masses of cells that are cancerous. They may spread to other
parts of the body by moving along the blood vessels or through the lymph
system. This spreading is called metastasis.

Signs and Symptoms

 Change in bowel or bladder habits

 A sore that does that not heal
 Unusual bleeding or discharge
 Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
 Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
 Obvious change in wart or mole
 Nagging cough or hoarseness
 Unexplained weight loss
 Persistent hoarseness

How can you reduce the risk of Cancer?

 Identify the signs and symptoms of cancer

 Have regular check –ups
 Avoid smoking and secondhand smoke
 Avoid too much sun exposure
 Eat fruits and vegetables
 Observe the meat you eat
 Exercise and have the right weight
 Be aware of family’s history of cancer
 Avoid drinking alcohol
 Avoid being exposed to dangerous chemical and airborne fiber
5. Diabetes or Diabetes Mellitus – a disease in which the body produces little or no
insulin at all.
Signs and Symptoms: Excessive urination (polyuria), thirst (Polydipsia), hunger
(polyphagia)

Types of Diabetes are: a. Type 1 Diabetes (“Insulin dependent diabetes”)

Signs and Symptoms: Increased thirst, frequent urination, continuous
hunger, weight loss, blurred vision, tiredness. Protective factors: Take daily
injection of insulin to stay alive, follow a special diet;
b. Type 2 Diabetes (“Non – insulin dependent”) Signs and Symptoms: Not as
noticeable as type 1 diabetes and may go undetected for many years.
Protective factors: Oral medications, program of diet and exercise;
c. Gestational Diabetes (occurs in females during pregnancies)

6. Arthritis – refers to inflammation of joints. It usually occurs during old age.

Signs and Symptoms: Joint pains, swelling, stiffness, and inflammation

Types of Arthritis are: a. Osteoarthritis – is a disease of older people. It

result from the wear and tear of joints, especially those of the hands, hips, knees,
and spine; b. Rheumatoid arthritis – causes pain and swelling in many joins
throughout the body. This can lead to deformity and crippling.

How can we manage and treat arthritis?

 Perform physical exercises

 Lose and keep a healthy weight
 Take medicine, like aspirin and some prescription medicine that will help
alleviate the pain and other symptoms
 Take hot baths that can help reduce swelling and pain.

7. Kidney or Renal Failure – is a medical condition in which the kidneys fail to

adequately filter waste product from the blood.

What are some symptoms of kidney failure?

 Changes in urination
 Swelling in legs, ankles, feet, face or hands
 Extreme skin rashes and itching
 Nausea and vomiting
 Shortness of breath, feeling cold, dizziness, and concentration problems
brought about by anemia related to kidney failure

What are the ways to diagnose kidney failure?

Kidney failure can be diagnosed through urinalysis, urine measurements,

blood samples, imaging and kidney tissue samples.
 How to prevent and manage kidney failure?

 Avoiding or limiting intake of toxic substance will help to prevent kidney

failure. A key to prevent severe kidney diseases is early detection and
aggressive intervention.
 Diabetes and high blood pressure are commonly associated with chronic
kidney diseases. Managing them with proper diet, exercise, and
medications may help prevent kidney failure.
 Severe kidney failures are treated through dialysis and kidney transplant.
These are usually on the late stages and can be lethal.

FYI…
According to the World Health Organization, non-communicable diseases or
NCDs, are by far the leading causes of death in the world, representing 63% of all
annual deaths. Non communicable diseases kill more the 36 million people each year.
Some 80% of all NCD deaths occur in low – and middle income countries.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: Concept Map

Direction: List five words that will describe the word “diseases.”

DISEASES
Activity 2: Communicable and Non – communicable Diseases
Direction: List 10 examples of communicable and non-communicable diseases.

Communicable Diseases Non – Communicable Diseases

Activity 3: Search Puzzle

Direction: Complete the word search puzzle. Use the clues to help you identify the
words. Encircle the word and write your answer on the blank provided.

B A C A L L E R G Y G
E M H W E I G H T E E
N A R C A N C E R S S
I L O O M A S S A P T
G I N L E C E L L O A
N G I D A R E N A L T
F N C U T U B O D Y I
A A D I S E A S E U O
S N A T B L O O D R N
T T I J O I N T S I A
P O L Y P H A G I A L

__________ condition that prevents the body or mind from working normally.
__________ fail to adequately filter waste product from the blood.
__________ masses of cells that are cancerous
__________ masses of cells that are not cancerous and do not spread.
__________ excessive urination
__________ refers to hunger
__________ is synonymous to hypersensitivity
__________ abbreviation way to remember the signs of stroke.
__________ abnormal cells grow, they form in masses called tumors.
__________ a diabetes occurs in females during pregnancies
 WRAP – UP
Direction: Answer the following questions. Write your answer on your notebook.

1. What is the difference between a communicable and non – communicable

disease?
2. Cancer can either be benign or malignant, explain the differences between
these two types of cancer.
3. What is Type II diabetes and what are some of the long term effects of this
illness?
4. List at least 5 risk factors of non – communicable diseases.
5. As a student, how can you prevent and control non – communicable diseases?

VALUING

The four main non – communicable diseases kill 3 in 5 people worldwide.

Cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, and diabetes.
Take care of your body. It’s the only place you have to live in.
Always remember, “Prevention is better than Cure. Especially when
something has No Cure”.

POST TEST
Complete Me!

Direction: Complete each statement by writing the missing word on your

notebook. Choose your answer on the box below.

Plaque Communicable Metastasis

Non-communicable Kidney failure Radiation therapy

1. ____________ are non-infectious illnesses which may result from

hereditary or lifestyle factors and not from pathogens.
2. Avoiding or limiting intake of toxic substance will help to prevent
____________.
3. ____________ usually performed using radiation – generating machines.
4. Spreading of cancer in the body is called ___________.
5. Coronary heart disease occurs when coronary arteries are narrowed or
blocked by waxy substance referred to as ___________.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

REFERENCES
Books:

 Physical Education & Health 7, Learner’s Material, First Edition, 2017

 Kto12 The 21st Century MAPEH in Action, Worktext in Music, Arts,
Physical Education and Health, Revised Edition 7

Online Reference:
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/JansenJacinto/grade-7-diseases-
communicable-and-noncommunicable-diseases-part-1
 RHEA P. MUYCO

WRITER

JEFFERSON C. ORDILLAS

EDITOR

CRISTY A. ARELLANO

VIDEO/POWERPOINT PRESENTER/ILLUSTRATOR

ANNA JEAN J. FERNANDEZ

VIDEO/POWERPOINT PRESENTER/LAY-OUT ARTIST

JOELIE C. SY

SCHOOL SUBJECT COORDINATOR/FOCAL PERSON/ REVIEWER

MA. AMPARO G. SILVELA

SCHOOL HEAD

NORLYN D. CONDE EdD

EDUCATION PROGRAM SUPERVISOR

MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City
Caruncho Avenue, San Nicolas Pasig City
Contact No.: (632) 8641 - 8885