August 2014

Tax bulletin

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited

Tax bulletin | 1
 Highlights
BIR Issuances

• Revenue Memorandum Circular (RMC) No. 61-2014 circularizes the revocation

of BIR Ruling No. DA (OSL-A1) 001-2008 dated October 17, 2008, which
declared that creditable withholding taxes (CWT) are covered by the Tax
Amnesty Program (TAP) under Republic Act (RA) No. 9480 for 2005 and prior
years. (Page 3)

• Revenue Memorandum Order (RMO) No. 29-2014 prescribes the format

and procedures for issuing certifications on the existence of outstanding tax
liabilities of taxpayers. (Page 4)

BSP Issuances

• Circular No. 842 prescribes the required reports under the BaseI III Risk-Based
Capital Adequacy Framework for Universal and Commercial Banks and their
Subsidiary Banks and Quasi-Banks. (Page 5)

• Circular No. 843 provides for the establishment and implementing guidelines of
the Libyan Dinar (LYD) Currency Exchange Facility (CEF). (Page 5)

• Circular No. 844 prescribes the guidelines for the cross-selling of collective
investment schemes and other amendments to Circular No. 801 on the Revised
Cross-Selling Framework. (Page 7)

SEC Issuances

• SEC Memorandum Circular (MC) No. 16 prescribes the guidelines for

corporations and partnerships on amending their principal office address in
their articles of incorporation whenever they move to a new location. (Page 9)

• SEC MC No. 17 requires all exchanges, transfer agents, broker dealers,

investment houses, investment companies, investment company advisers, and
other covered institutions under the supervision of the SEC, to participate in
and support the activities of the Money Laundering/Terrorist Financing (ML/
TF) National Risk Assessment (NRA) Working Group or its various sub-working
groups. (Page 9)

SEC Opinions

• Foreign stockholders of an educational institution that is 60% Filipino are not

allowed to become members of the Board of Directors or Trustees, nor to be
elected as chairman of said governing body. (Page 10)

• A foreign corporation, which has actively participated in government bidding

and which enters into a contract with a domestic corporation, is considered
engaged in business in the Philippines and is required to obtain a license from
the SEC. (Page 11)

• A corporation registered with the SEC whose certificate of registration has been
revoked is considered automatically dissolved, and there is no more need for
the SEC to issue any Certificate of Dissolution. (Page 11)

2 | Tax bulletin
 BLGF Opinion

• Homeowners’ associations are not subject to local business tax (LBT) on

association dues, membership fees and other assessment/charges collected
from its members and other entities, provided that such income and dues shall
be used for the cleanliness, safety, security and other basic services needed
by the members, including the maintenance of the facilities of their respective
subdivisions or villages. They are, however, subject to regulatory fees and
charges. (Page 12)

Court Decisions

• Satellite airtime service fees paid to a non-resident foreign corporation are

considered income from sources within the Philippines that are subject to final
withholding tax (FWT). (Page 12)

• Foreign exchange gains derived by a contact center from currency hedging

contracts are not attributable to its registered activity, hence, are not covered
by the Income Tax Holiday (ITH) incentive. (Page 13)

 
BIR Issuances

RMC No. 61-2014 circularizes the Revenue Memorandum Circular No. 61-2014 dated July 28, 2014
revocation of BIR Ruling No. DA
(OSL-A1) 001-2008 dated October 17, • On October 17, 2008, BIR Ruling No. DA (OSL-A1) 001-2008 was issued, which
2008, which declared that CWT are basically ruled that the failure to withhold CWT is covered by the TAP under RA
covered by the TAP under RA No. 9480 No. 9480, and that it is the failure to withhold final withholding taxes that is not
for 2005 and prior years. covered by the TAP.

• BIR Ruling No. (OSL-A1) 001-2008 is revoked for lack of legal basis and lack of
jurisdiction of the issuing officer, for the following reasons:

1. Section 8(a) of RA No. 9480 and RMC No. 19-2008 provide that the tax
amnesty shall not extend to withholding agents with respect to their tax
liabilities;

2. RMC No. 69-2007 also provides that the TAP covers all national internal
revenue taxes such as income tax, estate tax, donor’s tax and capital
gains tax, value added tax, other percentage taxes, excise taxes and
documentary stamp taxes, except withholding taxes AND taxes passed
on and already collected from the customers for remittance to the
BIR, these taxes/funds being considered as funds held in trust for the
government.

The use of the word “taxes” in the second item - i.e., “taxes passed on and
already collected” - indicates that the second item is of a different class
than the first item - i.e., withholding taxes.

The phrase “taxes passed on and already collected from the customers
for remittance to the BIR” cannot be interpreted to refer to withholding
taxes in light of the decision of the Supreme Court in Asia International
Auctioneers vs. Commissioner of Internal Revenue (G.R. No. 179115,
September 26, 2012). In this case, the Court declared that the only
“taxes that may be passed on” are indirect taxes, which will not include
withholding taxes. Indirect taxes, like VAT and excise tax, are different
from withholding taxes. To distinguish, in indirect taxes, the incidence of

Tax bulletin | 3
 taxation falls on one person, but the burden thereof can be shifted or passed
on to another person, such as when the tax is imposed on goods before
reaching the consumer who ultimately pays for it. On the other hand, in
case of withholding taxes, the incidence and burden of taxation fall on the
same entity, the statutory taxpayer. The burden of taxation is not shifted to
the withholding agent who merely collects, by withholding, the tax due from
income payments to entities arising from certain transactions and remits
the same to the government. Due to this difference, the deficiency VAT and
excise tax cannot be “deemed” as withholding taxes merely because they all
fall under the category of indirect taxes.

3. BIR Ruling No. DA (OSL-A1) 001-2008, being one of first impression, should
have been signed by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue (CIR). Section
7 of the Tax Code provides that the CIR cannot delegate the power to issue
rulings of first impression.

Prior to BIR Ruling No. DA (OSL-A1) 001-2008, the Bureau did not have the
opportunity to rule on the issues raised in the said ruling. Since the ruling is
one of first impression, the CIR should have reviewed and issued the same.
The Assistant Commissioner of the Legal Service did not have the authority
to issue BIR Ruling No. DA (OSL-A1) 001-2008.

RMO No. 29-2014 prescribes the format Revenue Memorandum Order No. 29-2014 dated July 25, 2014
and procedures for issuing certifications
on the existence of outstanding tax • All revenue offices shall strictly use the prescribed forms to cover and prepare
liabilities of taxpayers. requests for certification on the existence of tax liabilities, and certifications on
the status of cases pending legal or judicial resolution.

• The prescribed forms are divided into 2 portions: the upper portion contains
the pertinent information for the request for certification, which shall be
accomplished by the head of the requesting revenue office. The lower portion
contains the details of the certification, to be accomplished by the concerned
revenue office which determines the existence of the outstanding tax liabilities, or
the status of cases pending legal or judicial resolution.

• The accomplished form shall be transmitted by the heads of the requesting and
issuing revenue offices, respectively, using their e-mail addresses created by the
BIR.

• At the option of the heads of the revenue offices concerned, the prescribed form
may be affixed with their signature, scanned, and transmitted to the addressee
through their official email. For this purpose, it shall be the responsibility of the
head of the revenue office to ensure that only valid and authentic certifications
are transmitted to the requesting office using his/her official email account.

• The issuing revenue office shall send the prescribed form, with the duly-
accomplished lower portion containing the requested certification, within 24
hours after receipt receiving the email from the requesting revenue office.

• The certifications issued by all revenue offices concerned shall be valid only for
one month from date of issue.

• The above requirements shall not apply to certifications requested by and issued
directly to taxpayers or other offices outside the BIR.

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 BSP Issuances

Circular No. 842 prescribes the required BSP Circular No. 842 dated July 25, 2014
reports under the BaseI III Risk-Based
CAR for Universal and Commercial • Banks and quasi-banks which are subsidiaries of universal/commercial banks
Banks and their Subsidiary Banks and shall submit a report of their risk-based capital adequacy ratio (CAR):
Quasi-Banks.
1. On a solo basis (head office plus branches), within 15 banking days after the
end of reference quarter; and

2. On a consolidated basis (parent bank plus subsidiary financial allied

undertakings, but excluding insurance companies), within 30 banking days
after the end of reference quarter.

• All universal and commercial banks as well as their subsidiary banks and quasi-
banks shall be subject to all other reporting requirements (i.e., BaseI III Capital
Adequacy Summary Report) under the BaseI III risk-based capital as may be
prescribed by the BSP.

• Failure to submit and late submission shall be subject to applicable penalties

under the Manual of Regulations for Banks, the Manual of Regulations for Non-
Bank Financial Institutions, and existing regulations.

• The Circular shall take effect 15 calendar days following its publication either in
the Official Gazette or in a newspaper of general circulation.

[Editor’s Note: Circular No. 842 was published in Malaya on August 8, 2014.]

Circular No. 843 provides for the BSP Circular No. 843 dated August 7, 2014
establishment and implementing
guidelines of the LYD CEF. • Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) and their family members who returned
from Libya shall be eligible to avail of the Currency Exchange Facility (CEF) at a
maximum amount equivalent to not more than PHP20,000.00 per person. Only
Libyan Dinar (LYD) considered as legal tender in Libya may be converted to PHP.

• The BSP and Authorized Agent Banks (AABs) shall use as reference rate the
latest available rate at the time of exchange and disseminated by the BSP
Treasury Department. The BSP shall purchase LYD from AABs at the same rate
at which the AABs purchased the LYD in accordance with the reference rate on
the date of AABs’ purchase.

• The facility shall be open from 29 May 2014 and will be available for 4 months
from the effectivity date of the Circular.

• Exchange through an authorized representative is allowed only in cases of

physical incapacity or death of the eligible person. The following may be an
authorized representative: (a) legal spouse, (b) child, (c) parent, or (d) brother/
sister.

• The person concerned or his authorized representative shall fill out the CEF
Conversion Slip and submit the following documents:

1. For exchange by the person concerned:

• Original passport or travel document issued by the Philippine Embassy

in Tripoli, with exit stamp by authorities from Libya or other countries
that served as exit points for repatriation; or

Tax bulletin | 5
 • Certified true copy of the travel document in cases where the
original copy is required to be surrendered to another Philippine
government agency. The copy must be signed by an authorized
official of said government agency.

2. For exchange through an authorized representative:

• Documents under item 1 above;

• Proof of identity of the representative, which may consist of:

(a) One valid photo-bearing ID issued by the Philippine government

or private entities registered with or supervised/regulated by the
BSP, SEC or Insurance Commission; or
(b) Similar IDs issued by the foreign government in case the
authorized representative is a non-Philippine resident.

• In case of physical incapacity of the eligible person:

(a) Name/s of OFW/family member/s and representative;

(b) Relationship of representative to OFW/family member/s; and
(c) Reason/s for appointing a representative, with medical
certificate.

• In case of a deceased returnee:

(a) Letter from representative indicating the name/s of OFW/family

member/s and representative and circumstance/s of the OFS/
family member’s death;
(b) Proof of filiation;
(c) Copy of death certificate or report of death;

• Other additional documentary proof/s as may be required by the

BSP/AABs.

• AABs, particularly those with branch offices at Philippine international

airports, shall extend their banking hours to accommodate those who wish to
avail of the facility. All bank branch offices located at airports/seaports shall
post signage(s)/public advisory(ies) about the CEF program in conspicuous
places.

• AABs shall not collect any kind of service fee from those availing of the
program.

• AABs shall submit to the BSP the Consolidated Summary of Purchases under
the CEF, together with copies of Conversion Slips, within 3 banking days from
the end of reference week.

• The currency purchased by AABs under the CEF shall be surrendered to the
BSP within 10 banking days from purchase.

• The Circular shall take effect 2 days after publication.

[Editor’s Note: Circular No. 843 was published in The Philippine Star and in the
Philippine Daily Inquirer on August 9, 2014.]

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Circular No. 844 prescribes the BSP Circular No. 844 dated August 11, 2014
guidelines for the cross-selling of
collective investment schemes and other • The amended Statement of Principles is focused on providing an enabling
amendments to Circular No. 801 on the environment for cross-selling activities, and defines the responsibilities of banks
Revised Cross-Selling Framework. for managing the attendant risks and upholding consumer protection.

• The important terms with amended definitions include:

1. Cross-selling means the presentation and/or sale of a financial product,

other than a bank’s own financial product, to a bank client inside bank
premises through written or verbal communications.

2. Financial conglomerate refers to a group of interrelated entities providing

significant services in at least 2 different financial sectors (banking,
securities and insurance). A banking group is subsumed within the context
of a financial conglomerate. A financial product provider must have been
disclosed and reported as part of the group structure pursuant to Section
6(a)(1) of Circular No. 749 dated 27 February 2012.

3. Financial product of an allied undertaking refers to financial products

created by a financial product provider belonging to the same financial
conglomerate.

4. Financial product provider means a financial entity which creates the

financial product. The financial product provider should be regulated or
supervised by the BSP, the SEC or the Insurance Commission.

5. Investment risk refers to the potential loss of the principal amount (either
full or partial) invested by the investor. It also refers to the possibility of not
achieving targeted rates of return for a given investment transaction.

• Financial products which may be cross-sold inside bank premises now includes
collective investment schemes (CIS) of financial product providers belonging to
the same financial conglomerate. These refer to:

1. Mutual funds registered with the SEC;

2. Unit Investment Trust Funds (UITFs); and
3. Variable Unit-Linked life insurance policies (VULs).

• The new Subsection X172.6 contains the requirements applicable to cross-

selling of CIS. It requires banks to ensure that CIS as financial products comply
with the regulations of the government bodies governing their issuance.
Financial product providers must observe the following minimum practices:

1. Product Highlight Sheet (PHS). Potential clients must be provided with a

PHS, which summarizes the key information of the financial product which
will be material to the proper understanding by the client of the product, its
features and risks.

2. Client Suitability Assessment (CSA). A CSA of each client shall be

undertaken prior to the acquisition of an investment product. The CSA
should determine the client’s understanding of, tolerance for and capacity in
managing various risks.

3. Investment Policy Statement (IPS). The IPS formalizes the investment

philosophy of the client as well as any investment directive of the client with
respect to the handling of his investible funds.

Tax bulletin | 7
 4. Disclosure of Conflict of Interest. Financial product providers should
disclose any material information which can give rise to an actual or
potential conflict of interest to the client. Financial product providers
should take all reasonable steps to ensure fair dealings with the client.

5. Standard Disclosure Statement. All promotional materials, PHS and

contracts of CIS should contain the following standard disclosure
statement:

“This is not a deposit product. Earnings are not assured and principal
amount invested is exposed to risk of loss. This product cannot be sold
to you unless its benefits and risks have been thoroughly explained. If
you do not fully understand this product, do not purchase or invest in
it.”

• Subsection X172.8 on Authority to Cross-Sell provides that, for initial financial
products for cross-selling, the application letter shall be accompanied by the
following:

1. Notarized Secretary’s Certificate on the approval of the board of directors

of the cross-selling of financial products; and

2. Notarized Certification signed by the bank’s President/Country Officer and

Compliance Officer on the bank’s compliance with pertinent banking laws,
rules and regulations on cross-selling.

Once approved, the bank may continuously undertake cross-selling activities

unless otherwise ordered by the Monetary Board. Approval of subsequent
applications is delegated to the SES Subsector Head, except for the CIS
financial products, approval of which is delegated to the Deputy Governor,
SES. All approvals under delegated authority are subject to confirmation by
the Monetary Board.

The Monetary Board may suspend cross-selling activities whenever a bank

no longer meets the original conditions of the approval, and/or by virtue of
any subsequent issuances by the BSP governing the conduct of cross-selling
activities. The bank may re-submit an application to enter into cross-selling
arrangements only when the Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management,
Earnings, Liquidity and Sensitivity to Market Risk (CAMELS) composite rating
or its equivalent is at least “3” in the latest report of examination or any noted
major supervisory concerns have been satisfactorily addressed.

• Subsection X172.9 on Complaints Handling now provides that the bank and
the financial product provider are jointly responsible for the resolution of
complaints arising from cross-selling transactions.

• Rediscounting privileges or access to BSP credit facilities are no longer

automatically suspended in case of violation, but may be imposed when the
Monetary Board deems appropriate and allowed by law considering the gravity
of the offense.

• The Circular shall take effect fifteen (15) days following its publication either
in the Official Gazette or in a newspaper of general circulation.

8 | Tax bulletin
 • Within 30 days from effectivity, banks shall review all existing cross-selling
arrangements and determine compliance with the revised rules and report all
deviations to the BSP. All financial products approved for cross-selling prior to
the effectivity of the Circular shall be given 1 year within which to comply with
the requirements of the new Circular.

[Editor’s Note: Circular No. 844 was published in Malaya Business Insights on August
15, 2014.]

SEC Issuances

SEC MC No. 16 prescribes the guidelines SEC Memorandum Circular No. 16 dated May 29, 2014
for corporations and partnerships on
amending their principal office address • For Corporations:
in their articles of incorporation
whenever they move to a new location. 1. If a corporation or partnership indicates a general principal office address
(e.g., a city, town, municipality or “Metro Manila”), it is required to file
amended Articles of Incorporation (AOI) or Articles of Partnership (AOP) to
specify their complete address.

2. If a corporation indicates a specific and complete principal office address

in its AOI and has moved to another location within the same city or
municipality:

• The corporation is not required to file amended AOI;

• The corporation must declare its new or current specific address on
its General Information Sheet (GIS) within 15 days from transfer to its
new location; and
• The corporation is not precluded from filing amended AOI to indicate
its new location within the same city or municipality of its former
address.

3. If a corporation indicates a specific and complete principal office address in

its AOI and has moved to another location in another city or municipality:

• The corporation must file amended AOI to indicate its new location in
the other city or municipality.

• For Partnerships:

1. Considering that a partnership has no obligation to file the GIS, it is

required to file amended AOP every time it transfers to a new location
within the same city or municipality, or to a new location in another city or
municipality.

[Editor’s Note: SEC MC No. 16 was published in the Manila Bulletin and Manila Times
on August 15, 2014.]
SEC MC No. 17 requires all exchanges,
transfer agents, broker dealers,
investment houses, investment SEC Memorandum Circular No. 17 dated August 20, 2014
companies, investment company
advisers, and other covered institutions • The National Risk Assessment (NRA) is an organized and systematic effort
under the supervision of the SEC, to to identify and evaluate the sources and methods of money laundering and
participate in and support the activities terrorist financing (ML/TF), and weaknesses in the anti-money laundering/
of the ML/TF NRA Working Group or its counter-terrorist financing systems, and other vulnerabilities that have an
various sub-working groups. impact, either direct or indirect, on the country conducting the assessment.

Tax bulletin | 9
 • The ML/TF NRA Working Group is headed by the Anti-Money Laundering Council
(AMLC) and is participated in by various government agencies, including the SEC.

• The ML/TF NRA Working Group and its various sub-working groups are
currently in the process of gathering data and information in order to conduct a
comprehensive assessment of the national ML/TF risks.

• SEC MC No. 17 directs all exchanges, transfer agents, broker dealers, investment
houses, investment companies, investment company advisers, and other covered
institutions under the supervision of the SEC to furnish the following information
or data and to provide such other information as may be required by the ML/TF
NRA Working Group or its various sub-working groups:

1. Information for Threat Analysis

2. Information for National Combatting Ability Analysis
3. Information for Specific Sectors
4. Information for Product Analysis

• For Banking, Securities and Insurance Sector

• For Other Financial Institutions/DNFBPs (Casinos, Real Estate, Lawyers,
Dealers in Precious Metals and Other Stones, Remittance Agents,
Accountants and Others)

5. Information for Financial Inclusion Products/ Services

[Editor’s Note: SEC MC No. 17 was published in the Business Mirror and The Philippine
Star on August 27, 2014.]

SEC Opinions

SEC-OGC Opinion No. 14-20 dated August 5, 2014

Foreign stockholders of an educational Facts:

institution that is 60% Filipino are not
allowed to become members of the P School is an educational institution, the primary purpose of which is to “offer
Board of Directors or Trustees, nor to be technical and vocational education and training, specifically by operating a course-
elected as chairman of said governing based language tutorial center catering to foreign and Filipino students, regardless
body. of educational background.” P School is 60% owned by Filipinos and 40% owned by
Japanese nationals.

Issue:

Can the Japanese stockholders of P School sit as members of the Board of Directors
of the school in proportion to their shareholdings?

Ruling:

No, foreigners are not allowed to become members of the Board of Directors/Trustees
of educational institutions. Neither can a foreigner be elected as chairman of said
governing body.

As a rule, the Anti-Dummy Law provides that the election of foreigners to the board
of directors may be allowed as long as the corporation is not engaged in a wholly
nationalized activity, and only in proportion to their share in the capital of such
corporation. However, said provision shall not apply to educational institutions which
are governed by Article XIV of the Constitution, which provides that the control and
administration of educational institutions shall be vested in citizens of the Philippines.

10 | Tax bulletin
 SEC-OGC Opinion No. 14-21 dated August 5, 2014

A foreign corporation, which has Facts:

actively participated in government
bidding and which enters into a A Co. is a foreign corporation organized and existing under the laws of Belgium. After
contract with a domestic corporation, is undergoing required bidding projects, A Co. entered into a contract with a wholly-
considered engaged in business in the owned government corporation (GOCC) for an Automated Fare Collection System
Philippines and is required to obtain a (AFCS). A Co. has not engaged in any other business activity within the Philippines
license from the SEC. other than the said AFCS project.

Issue:

Is A Co. required to obtain a license to do business in the Philippines?

Ruling:

Yes, A Co. actively participated in a government bidding process for a government

project, and having done so is considered to be doing business in the Philippines. This
is in line with its main business of selling, designing and installing automated ticketing
and fare collection machines and equipment.

Further, the contract entered into by A Co. provides that the duration of the whole
work is to be completed in 22 months, which exceeds the 180-day period as provided
in the Foreign Investments Act (FIA). In the absence of any statement to the contrary,
there is reasonable presumption that the representatives and agents of A Co. will be
in the Philippines from the commencement until its end of the project.

SEC-OGC Opinion No. 14-22 dated August 8, 2014.

A corporation registered with the Facts:

SEC whose certificate of registration
has been revoked is considered T Co. is a corporation duly registered with the SEC. In 2003, the SEC issued an order
automatically dissolved, and there is revoking T Co.’s certificate of registration for non-filing of its annual reports. T Co.
no more need for the SEC to issue any filed for a petition to lift order of revocation, but this request was denied by the SEC
Certificate of Dissolution. in 2014.

Issue:

Is T Co. automatically dissolved upon revocation of its certificate of registration?

Ruling:

Yes, the effect of the Order of Dissolution is automatic in that there is no more need
for the SEC to issue any Certificate of Dissolution. Once a corporate franchise is
revoked, the corporation is dissolved.

However, T Co. may still undergo the process of liquidation by disposing its remaining
assets even beyond the period of liquidation. The 3-year period under Section 122
of the Corporation Code should not, however, be construed to prevent a corporation
from pursuing activities which would complete the final liquidation of a dissolved
corporation.

If the 3-year extended life of T Co. has expired without a trustee or receiver having
been expressly designated by the corporation within that period, the board of
directors itself may be permitted to continue as “trustees” by legal implication to
complete the corporate liquidation. Thus, the surviving Board of Directors may act or
appoint themselves as “trustees” for T Co. in order to carry out the liquidation of the
corporation.

Tax bulletin | 11
 BLGF Opinion

BLGF Opinion dated August 4, 2014

Homeowners’ associations are not Facts:

subject to LBT on association dues,
membership fees and other assessment/ The Chief of the Business Permits and Licensing Office of Muntinlupa City
charges collected from its members seeks clarification on the imposition of local business tax (LBT), licenses and
and other entities, provided that such fees on homeowners’ associations on the association dues, membership fees
income and dues shall be used for the and other assessment/charges collected from its members and other entities.
cleanliness, safety, security and other
basic services needed by the members, Issues:
including the maintenance of the
facilities of their respective subdivisions 1. Are homeowners’ associations subject to LBT on association dues,
or villages. They are, however, subject membership fees and other assessment/charges collected from its
to regulatory fees and charges. members and other entities?
2. Are homeowners’ associations subject to licenses and fees?

Ruling:

1. No. Homeowners’ associations are not subject to LBT on association

dues, membership fees and other assessment/charges collected from its
members and other entities.

Section 18 of RA No. 9904 (Magna Carta for Homeowners and

Homeowners’ Associations and For Other Purposes) provides that “in
recognition of the associations’ efforts to assist the LGUs in providing
such basic services, association dues and income derived from
rentals of their facilities shall be tax-exempt.” As such, association
dues, membership fees and other assessment/charges collected by
homeowners’ associations, regardless of whether such associations
are non-stock/non-profit or not, are exempt from LBT. However, such
exemption is subject to the condition that such income and dues shall
be used exclusively for the cleanliness, safety, security and other basic
services needed by the members, including the maintenance of the
facilities within the respective subdivisions or villages.

2. Yes. Homeowners’ associations are subject to regulatory fees and charges

imposed under the police powers of the local government units, as there
is no law which provides for exemption from such fees and charges.

Court Decisions

Aces Philippines Cellular Satellite Corporation vs. Commissioner of

Internal Revenue
CTA (2nd Division) Case 8567 promulgated July 23, 2014

Satellite airtime service fees paid to a Facts:

non-resident foreign corporation are
considered income from sources within Respondent CIR assessed Petitioner Aces Philippines Cellular Satellite
the Philippines that are subject to FWT. Corporation (Aces) for, among others, deficiency final withholding tax (FWT)
for taxable year 2006. The CIR alleged that Aces is liable for the 35% [now
30%] FWT on the satellite airtime fees paid to Aces International Limited (AIL),
a non-resident foreign corporation.

12 | Tax bulletin
 Aces protested the assessment and argued that it is not liable for deficiency
FWT because the payments to AIL arise from satellite airtime services rendered
outside the Philippines. Aces further argued that even assuming that services
are rendered within the Philippines, it should only be subject to 7.5% FWT for
the use of AIL’s equipment. The CIR denied the protest. Aces filed a Petition for
Review with the Court of Tax Appeals (CTA).

Issue:

Are the satellite air time service fees paid by Aces to AIL considered income from
sources within the Philippines that are subject to 35% [now 30%] FWT?

Ruling:

Yes. Section 28(B)(1) of the Tax Code provides that income of a non-resident
foreign corporation from all sources within the Philippines is subject to 35% (now
30%) income tax. The important factor that determines the source of income
of personal services is not the residence of the payor, or the place where the
contract for service is entered into, or the place of payment, but the place
where the services were actually rendered. The source or origin of income is
determined by the situs where the activity or service was performed.

The activity that produces the income is the undertaking of providing satellite
communication time to be delivered by AIL and utilized by Aces and its
subscribers in the Philippines. Services include the use of satellite airtime for
voice or data calls but exclude satellite utilization time for call setup, unanswered
calls and incomplete call. Thus, the activity that produced the income took place
in the Philippines. The evidence presented by Aces is insufficient to support
its claim that the service fees paid to AIL should be considered as income from
sources outside the Philippines.

Moreover, the 7.5% FWT under Section 28(B)(4) of the Tax Code will not apply
since Aces failed to present evidence to prove that the fee paid to AIL is for the
use of equipment. The agreement presented did not stipulate that the payment
of satellite airtime fees is for the rental or use of the satellite equipment of AIL.

Aegis PeopleSupport, Inc. [formerly PeopleSupport (Philippines), Inc.]

vs. Commissioner of Internal Revenue
CTA (En Banc) Case EB 996 promulgated August 4, 2014

Foreign exchange gains derived by a Facts:

contact center from currency hedging
contracts are not attributable to its Petitioner Aegis PeopleSupport, Inc. (Aegis) is a PEZA-registered company which
registered activity, hence, are not was granted the ITH incentive on its registered activity to engage in establishing
covered by the Income Tax Holiday (ITH) a contact center to provide outsourced customer care services and business
incentive. process outsourcing. Aegis filed with Respondent Commissioner (CIR) a claim
for tax credit or refund of erroneously paid income tax on foreign exchange gains
realized from its hedging contracts.

As the CIR failed to act on the claim, Aegis filed a Petition for Review with the
CTA. Aegis argued that the foreign exchange gain is covered by its ITH incentive,
since the income was realized from the sale of US dollars earned through the
performance of its registered activity of establishing and operating a contact
center, and the purchase of Philippine pesos needed to pay operational expenses.

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 The CTA First Division denied the claim on the ground that Aegis’ foreign exchange
gain derived from its hedging activities is not effectively connected with its
registered activity. Aegis filed an appeal with the CTA En Banc.

Issue:

Are the foreign exchange gains derived by Aegis from currency hedging contracts
attributable to its registered activity and covered by the ITH incentive?

Ruling:

No. The ITH incentive does not necessarily include all kinds of income which Aegis
may receive during the period of entitlement. To enjoy the incentive granted under
applicable laws, the income must be effectively related with the conduct of its
registered trade or business.

While Aegis may have showed that it derived service fees in US dollars from its
clients, and these dollars were used to purchase Pesos to pay for the ordinary and
necessary expenses of its customer-support business, the foreign exchange gains
derived from its hedging contracts are not related to its registered activity as a
contact center.

Aegis’ hedging activity involves the sale of specified amounts of dollars to the bank
on pre-determined dates and at pre-determined exchange rates. The said hedging
activity is outside of its registered activity as a contact center. Accordingly, the ITH
on its registered activity may not be extended to the said foreign exchange gains.

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SGV | Assurance | Tax | Transactions | Advisory

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This publication contains information in summary form and is therefore intended
© 2014 SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co. for general guidance only. It is not intended to be a substitute for detailed
All Rights Reserved. research or the exercise of professional judgment. Neither SGV & Co. nor
APAC No. 10000031 any other member of the global Ernst & Young organization can accept any
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