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Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences (ISSN: 2582-3183)
Volume 3 Issue 6 June 2021

Case Report
Surgical Correction of Umbilical Hernia in Buffalo Calf: A Case Report
Dhurba DC1* and Ranjana Ranabhat2

Received: May 12, 2021
1
Veterinary Hospital and Livestock Service Expert Center, Hetauda, Makawanpur,
Published: May 24, 2021
Nepal
© All rights are reserved by Dhurba DC and
2
United Veterinary Center, Hetauda, Makwanpur, Nepal
Ranjana Ranabhat.
*Corresponding Author: Dhurba DC, Veterinary Hospital and Livestock Service
Expert Center, Hetauda, Makawanpur, Nepal.
Abstract
A four month old male buffalo calf with the history of bulge type swelling found at the point of umbilicus was brought to United
Veterinary Center, Hetauda, Makawanpur, Nepal. Clinical examination revealed a reducible type small bulge mass with 4 fingers length
and 3 fingers breadth hernial ring. Other clinical parameters were within the normal physiological limit. The case was corrected
surgically by means of herniorrhaphy.
Keywords: Buffalo Calf; Bulge Type Swelling; Umbilicus; Herniorrhaphy
Introduction correction [8]. But if the hernia is greater than 5 cm then the
surgical correction (herniorrhaphy) is the treatment of choice for
Hernia is the protrusion of an organ or tissue outside the
abdominal cavity through natural or an abnormal opening [1]. A the correction of umbilical hernia [6].
discontinuation of the abdominal wall at the region of umbilicus

Case Presentation
resulting protrusion of the abdominal contents in to hernia sac is
known as umbilical hernia [5]. Some hernias are reducible, means A male buffalo calf of 4 months was brought to United Veterinary
hernial mass can be returned to their normal location through Center, Hetauda with the history of bulge type swelling found at
hernial ring while non-reducible type of hernia cannot pushed the point of umbilicus. According to owner bulge mass was present
back [1]. Hernia may be congenital or acquired [7]. In calf, umbilical since birth and which tends to increase in size with age. The
hernia is commonly present due to failure of the normal closure palpation at the site of swelling confirmed that the herinal mass is
of umbilical ring [4]. From such incomplete closure of umbilical reducible type. The size of hernial ring was 4 fingers length and 3
ring the abdominal contents like intestine, omentum comes out fingers breadth. Clinical parameters such as heart rate, respiratory
[3]. Acquired cause of umbilical hernia includes weak abdominal rate and temperature were within normal physiological range. No
wall (imperfect occlusion of umbilicus), deep wound, abscess, any other behavioral changes were noticed.
increased intra-abdominal pressure due to straining, constipation
or diarrhoea, violent exercise etc [2]. Surgical correction
The calf was restrained on right lateral recumbence. Cranial

This condition can be diagnosed by external digital palpation,
paravertebral regional nerve block was done by using 2%
clinical observation, or ultrasonography [4]. There are different
lignocaine. Then, the site of incision (umbilical area) was prepared
methods for the correction of umbilical hernia such as ligation
for aseptic surgery by shaving, scrubbing, washing with Salvon®
of hernia sac, suturing of hernia ring, use of clamps and surgical
Citation: Dhurba DC and Ranjana Ranabhat. “Surgical Correction of Umbilical Hernia in Buffalo Calf: A Case Report”. Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 3.6
(2021): 33-35.
34
(Cetrimide 3% and Chlorhexidine gluconate 1.5% solution). At

operative site 2% lignocaine was infiltrated locally. After proper
analgesia the animal was controlled in dorsal recumbency and
about 7 cm long longitudinal midline incision was made over
swelling mass. The skin was detached from subcutaneous tissues
and the incision was continued through abdominal muscles and
peritoneum avoiding blood vessels.
A part of small intestine was found as hernial content. Gently

Figure 1: Swelling at the point of umbilicus.
the intestine was repositioned into abdominal cavity through the
umbilical ring. The hernial ring was closed by overlapping mattress
suture after freshened the edges of hernial ring. Absorbable
suture material (No. 2 catgut) was used to close the opening. The
subcutaneous layer was sutured with No 2 catgut and skin with
Nylon in interrupted suture pattern.
Recommended post-operative care
Systemic antibiotic:
• Penstrip-400® (Procaine penicillin G-200000 IU + Dihydro-

Figure 2: Midline longitudinal incision at the site of hernia.
streptomycin-200 mg per ml)
Sig. 1 ml/kg body weight, OD, I/M × 5 days.
Analgesic:
• Meloxin-I® (Meloxicam- 5 mg/ml per ml)
Sig. 1 ml/10 kg body weight, BID, I/M × 3 days.
Topical antibiotic:
• Nebanol® (Neomycin sulphate BP 5 mg +Bacitracin Zinc BP

250 IU per gram)
Figure 3: Interrupted skin suturing.
Sig. Apply on wound BID x 5 days.
Fly repellent and wound healing spray:
• Skin heal®
Sig. Apply TID × 5 days.
Regular dressing with 5% povidone iodine for 10 days.
Finally, on 12 day post-operative complete healing was recorded

and the skin suture were removed on the same day.
Figure 4: Recovered calf.
(2021): 33-35.
35
Conclusion
In a male buffalo calf the umbilical hernia was corrected
successfully with herniorrhaphy. After proper diagnosis, timely
operation and good post-operative care is major for the correction
of umbilical hernia.
Conflict of Interest
The author declare that there is no any conflict of interest.
Bibliography
1. Alkhilani M A. “Abdominal Hernia in A Mesopotamia Buffalo
calf”. Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences 12.1 (2019).
2. Greber Deborah., et al. “Occurrence of congenital disorders in

Swiss sheep”. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 55.1 (2013): 1-7.
3. Haben Fesseha MVSc. “Umbilical Hernia in Cross Holstein Frie-

sian Calf and its Surgical Management: A Case Report”. Her-
nia 5 (2020): 6.
4. Haile Y., et al. “A study on the prevalence of umbilical hernia in

calves in and around Gondar Town, North Gondar, North West
Ethiopia”. International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Ani-
mal Husbandry 2.2 (2017): 11-15.
5. Iqbal U., et al. “Surgical Correction of Umblical Hernia in Non-

descript Buffalo Calf-A Case Study”. Biomedical Letters 5.1
(2019): 15-17.
6. Kumar Vineet., et al. “Acellular dermal grafts for the recon-

struction of umbilical/ventral hernias in buffalo calves”. Vet-
erinary Practitioner 13.1 (2012): 12.
7. Radostits Otto M., et al. “Veterinary Medicine E-Book: A text-

book of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats”.
Elsevier Health Sciences (2006).
8. Sutradhar Bibek Chandra., et al. “Comparison between open

and closed methods of herniorrhaphy in calves affected with
umbilical hernia”. Journal of Veterinary Science 10.4 (2009):
343.
Volume 3 Issue 6 June 2021

© All rights are reserved by Dhurba DC and Ranjana
Ranabhat.
(2021): 33-35.

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Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences (ISSN: 2582-3183)

Volume 3 Issue 6 June 2021

Surgical Correction of Umbilical Hernia in Buffalo Calf: A Case Report

Dhurba DC1* and Ranjana Ranabhat2

Keywords: Buffalo Calf; Bulge Type Swelling; Umbilicus; Herniorrhaphy

discontinuation of the abdominal wall at the region of umbilicus

The calf was restrained on right lateral recumbence. Cranial

(Cetrimide 3% and Chlorhexidine gluconate 1.5% solution). At

A part of small intestine was found as hernial content. Gently

Recommended post-operative care

• Penstrip-400® (Procaine penicillin G-200000 IU + Dihydro-

Sig. 1 ml/kg body weight, OD, I/M × 5 days.

• Meloxin-I® (Meloxicam- 5 mg/ml per ml)

Sig. 1 ml/10 kg body weight, BID, I/M × 3 days.

• Nebanol® (Neomycin sulphate BP 5 mg +Bacitracin Zinc BP

Fly repellent and wound healing spray:

Sig. Apply TID × 5 days.

Regular dressing with 5% povidone iodine for 10 days.

Finally, on 12 day post-operative complete healing was recorded

2. Greber Deborah., et al. “Occurrence of congenital disorders in

3. Haben Fesseha MVSc. “Umbilical Hernia in Cross Holstein Frie-

4. Haile Y., et al. “A study on the prevalence of umbilical hernia in

5. Iqbal U., et al. “Surgical Correction of Umblical Hernia in Non-

6. Kumar Vineet., et al. “Acellular dermal grafts for the recon-

7. Radostits Otto M., et al. “Veterinary Medicine E-Book: A text-

8. Sutradhar Bibek Chandra., et al. “Comparison between open

Volume 3 Issue 6 June 2021

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