Vedic Maths

A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VEDIC MATHEMATICS ON COMPUTATIONAL
SKILLS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Anila T R, II B.Ed Mathematics

Mount Carmel College of Teacher Education for Women, Kottayam
Abstract
Vedic Mathematic is an Indian ancient system of mathematical calculations or techniques developed

in the year of 1957 with 16 Sutra’s (formulae) and 13 sub-Sutra’s (subformulae). In this study
conducted among secondary school students to analyse the effect of Vedic Mathematics on
computational skills by Experimental single group method . A set of mathematical questions are
distributed to students before and after adopting Vedic mathematics techniques. The operations
involve subtraction from powers of 10, squaring of numbers ending with five, squaring of numbers
near to the powers of 10, and multiplication by 11. This study result showed that Vedic mathematics
techniques significantly reduce the time required for completing some basic mathematical
calculations among secondary school students. The study findings contributes to actual research of
Vedic mathematics and techniques to improve the speed of calculations especially while writing any
competitive examinations.
Keywords
Vedic Mathematics Sutras, Computational skills, Secondary school students, Nikhilam, Ekadhikena
purvena, Yuvadunam, Dwandwa yoga
Introduction
Veda is Sanskrit word which means “Knowledge”. Vedic mathematics is the name given to Indian
ancient system of mathematics. The system is based on 16 Vedic sutras, which are set of word
formulae describing steps or logic involved while solving whole range of mathematical problems,
which are considered as very difficult in traditional method. Vedic mathematics was initially
rediscovered from Indian scriptures between the years 1911 to 1918 and fully developed in 1957 by
Jagadguru Sri Bharathi Krishna Thirthaji Maharaja, a scholar of Sanskrit, Mathematics and
Philosophy.
Real beauty and effectiveness of Vedic Mathematics cannot be fully appreciated without actually
practising them. One can then see that it is perhaps the most refined and efficient mathematical
system possible.
Need and Significance

Students use calculators and mobile phones to do subtraction from powers of 10, squaring of
numbers ending with 5, squaring of numbers near to the powers of 10, and multiplication by 11.
Those are elementary mistakes and create aversion to Mathematics. Since, it is a complex situation
for Mathematics learning, we opted for Vedic Mathematics to show that the “new”, easier, more
interesting procedures may interest students.
Objectives of the Study
1) To study the Vedic Mathematics techniques for subtraction from powers of 10, squaring of
numbers ending with 5, squaring of near to the powers of 10 and multiplication by 11.
2) To study the effectiveness of instruction using Vedic Mathematics on computational skills of

secondary school students
Methodology
The study is based on ‘Experimental-single group pre-test, post-test design’ conducted among
secondary school students. A sample of 10 secondary school students was used for this purpose. A
pre-test and post- test was conducted using the same set of questions before and after teaching
Vedic Mathematics techniques on computational skills. The Vedic techniques used in this study
involve;
1) Nikhilam rule
2) Ekadhikena purvena
3) Yuvadunam
4) Dwandwa yoga
Analysis and Interpretation

The data obtained were analysed using the statistical method “average” and interpreted. The
summary of the result obtained is illustrated in the given figure:
0:28:48
0:25:55
0:23:02 Average time taken for Pre-test
0:20:09 Average time taken for Post-test
0:17:16
0:14:24
0:11:31
0:08:38
0:05:45
0:02:52
0:00:00
Set 1 Set 2 Set 3 Set 4
Findings and Conclusion
The major findings of the study were:
1) Vedic technique for subtraction from powers of 10 is four times faster than the usual subtraction
method.
2) Squaring of numbers ending with 5 using Vedic technique gives answer 15 times faster.
3) Squaring of numbers near to the powers of 10 in Vedic method gives solution five times faster
than ordinary squaring method.
4) A five times faster solution is obtained for multiplication by 11 in Vedic technique compared to
ordinary multiplication.
Vedic Mathematics is an ancient Indian mathematics system developed based on 16 formulae and
sub formulae which is originally referred in Sanskrit as sutras. In order to become expert in Vedic
mathematics techniques a person requires continuous practice and a very good interest. This study
found that Vedic mathematics techniques significantly reduce the time required for completing
some basic mathematical calculations among secondary school students. From the responses it is
found that in worst case at least two minute can be saved, if we adopt Vedic mathematics
techniques for solving problems of basic mathematical operations. Wish this study could play an
active role in actual research of Vedic mathematics and techniques to improve the speed of
calculations especially while writing any competitive examinations.
References
1) VedicMaths.Org (2004), http://www.vedicmaths.org

2) Kaur.(2017). Vedic Mathematics: Improving Speed of Basic Mathematics. Journal of Emerging
Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR). , Volume 4, Issue 12

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A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VEDIC MATHEMATICS ON COMPUTATIONAL

SKILLS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Anila T R, II B.Ed Mathematics

Vedic Mathematic is an Indian ancient system of mathematical calculations or techniques developed

Need and Significance

2) To study the effectiveness of instruction using Vedic Mathematics on computational skills of

Analysis and Interpretation

0:23:02 Average time taken for Pre-test

0:20:09 Average time taken for Post-test

1) VedicMaths.Org (2004), http://www.vedicmaths.org

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