To-Do List Formula - Full Summary
To-Do List Formula - Full Summary
To-Do List Formula - Full Summary
of To‐do List Formula by Damon Zahariades
I have a love‐hate rela onship with to‐do lists.
I love them because they allow me to get things off my mind and focus on one task at a me.
I hate them because they consistently make me feel like a failure. I’m not alone ‐ according to
iDoneThis (a popular produc vity app), the average person fails to complete 41% of the items on
their to‐do lists.
And I hate them because they get excessively long and clu ered with insignificant tasks.
This last “hate” is a common complaint of people who try the popular GTD (Ge ng Things Done) system.
GTD is an awesome to‐do list system for ge ng things out of your head and onto “Next ac on” lists, but
it's not great at differen a ng between high and low value tasks.
In “To‐do List Formula,” Damon Zahariades presents a method for ge ng stuff out of your head and into
a well‐organized master to‐do list system where you can quickly
iden fy your HITs (highest‐impact tasks).
I’ve condensed Zahariades’ master to‐do list system into three
acronyms (M.M.M., A.C.E., L.L.L.), which fit inside a three‐by‐
three master to‐do list system matrix.
The M.M.M. acronym explains how to sort your to‐dos, the
A.C.E. acronym explains how to write your to‐dos, and the L.L.L.
acronym explains how to label and filter your to‐dos.
M.M.M. sor ng method
Major Project Lists
Create a separate to‐do list for every major project you’re working on. A major project should take more
than a few hours to complete and include several steps –
like organizing the house, planning a trip to Hawaii, or
building a website. When you create project‐specific to‐do
lists, resistance to working on the project decreases
because you have a list of next steps in one convenient
loca on. Opening a dedicated project to‐do list to work is
like star ng a recipe with all the necessary ingredients laid
out on the counter, rather than having to search through
the fridge.
Miscellaneous List
All non‐project tasks go in the miscellaneous master list. Don't overthink it ‐ if you can’t easily connect a
task to a project, put it on the miscellaneous master list. Having a miscellaneous list lets you capture
tasks quickly and get them off your mind.
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Summary of To‐do List Formula by Damon Zahariades
Maybe List
When you add a task to your major project lists and miscellaneous list, you must assign a deadline to it.
If you’re not ready to assign a deadline to a task, or the task is unclear, put it on the “maybe list.”
Schedule me to revisit your “maybe” list once a week or month and see if you're ready to apply a
deadline to a few items and move them to a major project list or the miscellaneous list.
A.C.E. forma ng method
Every task in your master to‐do list system must have the same three‐part structure: Ac ve verb
(Commitment) ‐ Expected result.
Ac ve verb
Star ng every task with an ac ve verb makes your to‐do lists less ambiguous and more ac onable.
Compare:
Chloe’s birthday cake
Expense report
Car res
With:
Buy Chloe's birthday cake
Finish expense report
Rotate car res
The second to‐do list is simply easier to imagine. Damon Zahariades says, “The verb triggers something
in the brain, promp ng it to focus on comple ng the item.”
Commitment
Adding a me commitment to each task forces you to
consider the total me required to complete a task and
plan your day more effec vely. For example, “Meet Steve
to discuss the company rebrand” may ini ally seem like a
30‐minute task, but when you factor in the me to
prepare for the mee ng, the me it takes to get to the
mee ng, and the me to write a post‐mee ng summary
email, “Meet with Steve to discuss company rebrand” is a 90‐minute commitment.
Es mated me commitments also turn every to‐do into a fun challenge because you can’t help but
wonder: “How can I do this task quicker than the es mated me?”
Expected result
The last thing you need to ask yourself when adding a task to your master to‐do list system is, “What is
the expected result?”
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Summary of To‐do List Formula by Damon Zahariades
For example:
Buy Chloe's birthday cake (30 minutes) – Chloe has a great birthday
Finish expense report (15 minutes) – Reimbursed
Rotate car res (45 minutes) – Tires last longer
When you add expected results to tasks, the items on your
to‐do list go from things you “should” do to things you “want
to” do. Ending each task with an expected result also allows
you to easily select important tasks because you can quickly
see which tasks move you closer to your goals.
L.L.L. labeling method
Enhance your master to‐do list system by adding three labels to your tasks when possible (depending on
the to‐do list applica on you use, you may use colored flags or tags to label your tasks. If you don’t like
using labels, then create three addi onal lists):
Low Energy label: Assign a “Low Energy” label to simple tasks that require minimal
mental effort, such as simple administra ve tasks. When you don’t feel like working but
need to get stuff done, filter tasks by "low energy" and get a list of tasks you can a ack
in a zombie‐like state.
Less than 15 Minutes label: Label every task you can
complete in under 15 minutes. Labeling and hiding short
tasks will ensure you add longer, more significant tasks to
your daily to‐do list. Think of it as hiding snack food so you
don’t fill up before a nice meal at a restaurant. Labeling
tasks that take less than 15 minutes will also give you a list
of tasks you can batch execute to save me – tasks like
phone calls, errands, and emails.
The daily to‐do list
If you use the three‐by‐three master to‐do list system matrix, your tasks will be sorted, forma ed, and
filtered in a way that makes it easy to create a daily to‐do list.
Some people like to make their daily to‐do list inside a to‐do list app on their phones. Others like to use
their calendars. I like to use a simple index card and pen ‐ I put no more than seven high‐impact tasks on
the front of the index card and then write a few “less than 15 minutes” tasks on the back of the card and
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Summary of To‐do List Formula by Damon Zahariades
circle items I can batch execute. Then, I add approximate star ng mes next to each task on my card and
leave buffer me in between.
Each morning, I go back into the digital master to‐do list system on my phone to clear the completed
items before popula ng the current day’s to‐do list. This to‐do list formula keeps me calm and focused
because I know I'm not just ge ng stuff done, but ge ng the right stuff done.
Takeaway
Build a master to‐do list system using the following methods:
1. Capture your to‐dos in one of three lists: Major project (one for each major project),
Miscellaneous, Maybe. Assign a deadline to every task you add to a major project list or the
miscellaneous list.
2. Write every to‐do in your master to‐do list system using the same three‐part structure: Ac on
(Commitment) ‐ Expected result.
3. Use “Loca on,” “Low energy,” and/or “Less than 15 minutes” labels/tags to quickly filter your to‐
do list and find special items.
Each day, move no more than seven high‐impact tasks from your master to‐do list system to your current
day’s to‐do list.
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Summary of To‐do List Formula by Damon Zahariades
Key Quotes
“Most people underes mate the importance of their to‐do lists. They misjudge the
impact their lists have on their produc vity.”
“The main purpose of your to‐do list is to help you organize your tasks and projects,
and highlight the important stuff. It allows you to get everything out of your head,
where things are likely to fall through the cracks. By wri ng them down, you’ll collect
them in one place and gain a bird’s‐eye view of your biggest priori es.”
“Your task list isn’t a tool for ge ng everything done. Rather, it’s a tool that will
ensure you get the right things done.”
“41% of to‐do items are never completed. 50% of completed to‐do items are done
within a day. 18% of completed to‐do items are done within an hour. 10% of
completed to‐do items are done within a minute.” – iDoneThis
“A to‐do list without deadlines is a wish list. Nothing more. Without deadlines, we
lean toward inac on.”
“Recall Parkinson’s Law: ‘Work expands so as to fill the me available for its
comple on.’ If you choose not to assign deadlines to your to‐do items, don’t be
surprised when those items linger on your list.”
“Confronted with too many op ons, you avoid picking from among them because
doing so requires too much mental effort. Instead, you spend valuable me checking
email, visi ng Facebook, and reading news headlines, all in an a empt to sidestep
the act of deciding what to work on. The result is predictable. Your produc vity
plummets and your to‐do items, including the important ones, go unfinished.”
“Defining tasks too broadly is detrimental to their comple on. Their vagueness
ensures they linger. If you’re having trouble comple ng to‐do items, check whether
they can be broken down to smaller tasks.”
“You must a ach a specific goal to each task on your to‐do list. Know the reason each
item needs to be completed. If you neglect this step, you’ll be less mo vated to get
the item done.”
“The simplest way to get through your daily to‐do list is to assign a “why” to each
item found on it. Know the reason the item is on your list. Determine why you need to
get it done. Write the reason down next to the task.”
“All other variables being equal, the more certain we are of the outcome, the greater
the likelihood we’ll act.”
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