MySQL Command

MySQL command-line client Commands
Below is a list of MySQL command-line client commands:
mysql -u [username] -p; # Connect to MySQL server
mysql -u [username] -p [database]; # Connect to MySQL

Server
exit; # Exit mysql command-

line client
mysqldump -u [username] -p [database] > data_backup.sql; #

Export data using mysqldump tool
mysql> system clear; # Clear MySQL screen console for

Linux
The MySQL command-line client commands are available on Linux for
clearing the MySQL screen console window, and there is no client
command available on Windows OS.
MySQL Commands for Working with Databases

Below are MySQL commands used for working with databases:
CREATE DATABASE [IF NOT EXISTS] database_name; # Create a

database in the server
SHOW DATABASE; # Show all available databases
USE database_name; # Use a database with a specified name
DROP DATABASE [IF EXISTS] database_name; # Drop a database

with a specified name
MySQL Commands for Working with Tables

Here are MySQL commands for working with tables in a database:
CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name(column_list,...); #
Create a new table
SHOW TABLES; # Show all tables in the database
DROP TABLE [IF EXISTS] table_name; # Drop a table from the

database
Commonly Used MySQL Commands

Below is a list of the most commonly used MySQL commands for
database developers and database administrators using MySQL
databases:
ALTER
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD [COLUMN] column_name;
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP [COLUMN] column_name;
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name type;
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name type NOT NULL

...;
ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE old_column_name

new_column_name type;

new_column_name type NOT NULL ...;
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name type FIRST;
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name type AFTER

another_column;

new_column_name type FIRST;
new_column_name type AFTER another_column;
ALTER TABLE table_name ALTER column_name SET DEFAULT ...;
ALTER TABLE table_name ALTER column_name DROP DEFAULT;
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD new_column_name type;
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD new_column_name type FIRST;
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD new_column_name type AFTER

another_column;
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD INDEX [name](column, ...);
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD PRIMARY KEY (column_name,...);
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP PRIMARY KEY;

SELECT
SELECT * FROM table_name;
SELECT * FROM table1, table2, …;
SELECT column_name FROM table_name;
SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name;
SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table1, table2, …;
SELECT select_list FROM table_name WHERE condition;
SELECT select_list FROM table GROUP BY column1, column2,

...;
SELECT select_list FROM table GROUP BY column_name HAVING

condition;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table_name;

SELECT DISTINCT (column_name) FROM table_name;
SELECT select_list FROM table ORDER BY column_name;
SELECT select_list FROM table ORDER BY column1 ASC [DESC],

column2 ASC [DESC];
SELECT column_name AS alias_name, expression AS alias, ...

FROM table_name;
SELECT select_list FROM table_name WHERE column LIKE

'%pattern%';
SELECT select_list FROM table_name WHERE column RLIKE

'regular_expression';
SELECT – JOIN
SELECT select_list FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON

condition;
SELECT select_list FROM table1 LEFT JOIN table2 ON

condition;
SELECT select_list FROM table1 RIGHT JOIN table2 ON

condition;
SELECT select_list FROM table1 CROSS JOIN table2;

DESCRIBE
DESCRIBE table_name;
DESCRIBE table_name column_name;

INSERT INTO
INSERT INTO table (column_list) VALUES(value_list);
INSERT INTO table (column_list) VALUES(list1), (list2),

...;
UPDATE
UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, ...;
UPDATE table_name SET column_1 = value_1, ... WHERE

condition;
UPDATE table1, table2 INNER JOIN table1 ON table1.column1 =

table2.column2 SET column1 = value1, WHERE condition;
DELETE
DELETE FROM table_name;
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;
DELETE table1, table2 FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON

table1.column1= table2.column2 WHERE condition;
INDEX
CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column,...);
DROP INDEX index_name;
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column,...);

VIEW
CREATE VIEW [IF NOT EXISTS] view_name AS select_statement;
CREATE VIEW [IF NOT EXISTS] view_name AS select_statement

WITH CHECK OPTION;
CREATE OR REPLACE view_name AS select_statement;
DROP VIEW [IF EXISTS] view_name;
DROP VIEW [IF EXISTS] view1, view2, ...;
RENAME TABLE view_name TO new_view_name;
SHOW FULL TABLES [{FROM | IN } database_name] WHERE

table_type = 'VIEW';
TRIGGER
CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name {BEFORE | AFTER} {INSERT |
UPDATE| DELETE } ON table_name FOR EACH ROW trigger_body;
SHOW TRIGGERS [{FROM | IN} database_name] [LIKE 'pattern' |

WHERE search_condition];
DROP TRIGGER [IF EXISTS] trigger_name;

PROCEDURE
DELIMITER $$ CREATE PROCEDURE procedure_name

(parameter_list) BEGIN body; END $$ DELIMITER;
DROP PROCEDURE [IF EXISTS] procedure_name;
SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS [LIKE 'pattern' | WHERE

search_condition];
FUNCTION
DELIMITER $$ CREATE FUNCTION function_name(parameter_list)

RETURNS datatype [NOT] DETERMINISTIC BEGIN -- statements
END $$ DELIMITER;
DROP FUNCTION [IF EXISTS] function_name;
SHOW FUNCTION STATUS [LIKE 'pattern' | WHERE

search_condition];
Users and Privileges
CREATE USER 'user'@'localhost';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON base.* TO 'user'@'localhost'

IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, DELETE ON base.* TO

'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON base.* FROM 'user'@'host';
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRANT OPTION FROM 'user'@'host';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('new_pass');
SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'host' = PASSWORD('new_pass');
SET PASSWORD = OLD_PASSWORD('new_pass');
DROP USER 'user'@'host';

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MySQL command-line client Commands

Below is a list of MySQL command-line client commands:

mysql -u [username] -p; # Connect to MySQL server

mysql -u [username] -p [database]; # Connect to MySQL

exit; # Exit mysql command-

mysqldump -u [username] -p [database] > data_backup.sql; #

mysql> system clear; # Clear MySQL screen console for

MySQL Commands for Working with Databases

CREATE DATABASE [IF NOT EXISTS] database_name; # Create a

SHOW DATABASE; # Show all available databases

USE database_name; # Use a database with a specified name

DROP DATABASE [IF EXISTS] database_name; # Drop a database

MySQL Commands for Working with Tables

SHOW TABLES; # Show all tables in the database

DROP TABLE [IF EXISTS] table_name; # Drop a table from the

Commonly Used MySQL Commands

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD [COLUMN] column_name;

ALTER TABLE table_name DROP [COLUMN] column_name;

ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name type;

ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name type NOT NULL

ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE old_column_name

ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE old_column_name

ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name type FIRST;

ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name type AFTER

ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE old_column_name

ALTER TABLE table_name ALTER column_name SET DEFAULT ...;

ALTER TABLE table_name ALTER column_name DROP DEFAULT;

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD new_column_name type;

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD new_column_name type FIRST;

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD new_column_name type AFTER

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD INDEX [name](column, ...);

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD PRIMARY KEY (column_name,...);

ALTER TABLE table_name DROP PRIMARY KEY;

SELECT * FROM table_name;

SELECT * FROM table1, table2, …;

SELECT column_name FROM table_name;

SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name;

SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table1, table2, …;

SELECT select_list FROM table_name WHERE condition;

SELECT select_list FROM table GROUP BY column1, column2,

SELECT select_list FROM table GROUP BY column_name HAVING

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table_name;

SELECT select_list FROM table ORDER BY column_name;

SELECT select_list FROM table ORDER BY column1 ASC [DESC],

SELECT column_name AS alias_name, expression AS alias, ...

SELECT select_list FROM table_name WHERE column LIKE

SELECT select_list FROM table_name WHERE column RLIKE

SELECT select_list FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON

SELECT select_list FROM table1 LEFT JOIN table2 ON

SELECT select_list FROM table1 RIGHT JOIN table2 ON

SELECT select_list FROM table1 CROSS JOIN table2;

DESCRIBE table_name column_name;

INSERT INTO table (column_list) VALUES(value_list);

INSERT INTO table (column_list) VALUES(list1), (list2),

UPDATE table_name SET column_1 = value_1, ... WHERE

UPDATE table1, table2 INNER JOIN table1 ON table1.column1 =

DELETE FROM table_name;

DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;

DELETE table1, table2 FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON