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English For The Bar

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Notes: English for the Bar lecture by Atty.

Santiago-Leynes

1. Use transitional devices or discourse markers. I.e.


2. “Advice” ay noun. “Advise” ay verb. Pagmagsasagot “I will advise my client to…”
3. Do not use “Irregardless”
4. A contract (or a notarial book) is “entered into”
5. Beware on the use of “On all fours”. It is an idiom that can be used in answering if the bar
problem is exactly the same. Use “similar” if the facts are merely just similar.
6. Do not use generic terms such as law. Use “Civil Law” “Labor Law”, etc.
7. If the answer is too long, it is best to separate different thoughts.
8. “The Court” has (kase singular ang Court)
9. Reasons behind the law keywords – “The purpose of the law is” “The law is designed to” “It is
intended to shield”
10. Jurisdiction – “The case is beyond the ambit of the jurisdiction of the…” “It is within the ambit of
the…”
11. Emphasizing Case Doctrines/Jurisprudence – “Elementary is the rule that…” “It is hornbook
doctrine in (i.e. Civil Law) that…” “The cardinal rule in (i.e. labor law) is that…”
12. Referring back to the case – “Applying the said law/doctrine in the instant case…”
13. Concluding Words – “Taken all together…” “Finally” “Hence” “As a necessary consequence”
Lexical Bundles
Citing Law – “No less than the 1987 Constitution provides for the…” “According to the…”
Flow

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