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Railroad Construction and Operating Regulations (EBO)

EBO
Date of issue: 08.05.1967 Full
citation:
"Railway Construction and Operation Regulations of May 8, 1967 (BGBl. 1967 II p. 1563), as last amended by
Article 2 of the Ordinance of April 5, 2019 (BGBl. I p. 479)."
Status: Last amended by Art. 2 V v. 5.4.2019 I 479
Footnote
(+++ text reference as of: 1.1.1982 +++)

(+++ For requirements based on the EinigVtr see EBO Annex EV +++)
Caption: V also applies in Berlin according to V 930-1-2 v. 15.11.1984 I 1369
Table of contents
First Section
General
Scope of application §1
General requirements §2
Exceptions, permits §3
Border operating lines and through lines § 3a
Second section
railroad facilities
Explanation of terms §4
Gauge §5
Track curve §6
Track inclination §7
Load capacity of the superstructure and structures §8
Regular light room §9
Track spacing § 10
Level crossings § 11
Crossings of railroads at the same level § 12
Platforms, ramps § 13
Signals and switches § 14
Line block, train control § 15
Telecommunications equipment § 16
Examination and monitoring of the railroad facilities § 17
Third section
vehicles
Classification, definitions § 18
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Wheelset loads and vehicle weights per unit length § 19

Wheelset spacing and curvature § 20
Wheels and wheel sets § 21
Limitation of vehicles § 22
Brakes § 23
Pulling and pushing devices § 24
Free spaces and components at the vehicle ends § 25
(omitted) § 26
(omitted) § 27
Equipment and addresses § 28
(omitted) §§ 29 to 31
Acceptance and examination of the vehicles § 32
Vehicle installations requiring monitoring § 33
Fourth section
Railway operation
Concept, type and length of trains § 34
Braking the trains § 35
Assembling the trains § 36
Equipping the platoons with first aid resources § 37
Driving order § 38
Train sequence § 39
Driving speed § 40
(omitted) § 41
Shunting, restraint shoes § 42
Securing stationary vehicles § 43
(omitted) § 44
Manning the traction units and trains § 45
(omitted) § 46
Section Five
Personnel
Operating officials § 47
Requirements for operating officials § 48
Training, examination § 54
Sixth section
Safety and order in the territory of railroad facilities
Entering and using the railroad facilities and vehicles § 62
Conduct in the area of railroad facilities § 63
Damaging the railroad and actions disturbing its operation § 64
Railroad employees § 64a
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Administrative Offenses § 64b

Section Seven Final
Provisions
Transitional regulation § 65
Entry into force § 66
Attachments
1 Regular light room
2 Determination of the boundary line
3 Determination of the limit line for overhead contact line
4 Track spacing
5 -
6 Wheels and wheel sets
7 Reference line G1
8 Reference line G2
9 Vehicle dimensions restriction
10 Pulling and pushing devices
11 Spaces to be kept free at the vehicle ends
Input formula
On the basis of Section 3 (1) of the General Railway Act of March 29, 1951 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 225),
as amended by the Act of August 1, 1961 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 1161), in conjunction with Section 1 of
the Ordinance authorizing the Federal Minister of Transport to issue ordinances on
in the field of railroads of September 28, 1955 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 654) is hereby decreed with the consent
of the Federal Council:
First Section
General
§ 1 Scope
(1) This Ordinance applies to standard-gauge railroads. It does not apply to the construction,
operation or use of railroad facilities of a non-public railroad infrastructure company.
(2) The lines are divided into main lines and branch lines according to their importance. The decision as to which
lines are main lines and which are branch lines is made by
1. for federal railroads, the respective company,
2. for railroads that are not part of the federal rail network (non-federal railroads), the
competent state authority.
(3) The provisions of this Ordinance printed in full width of one page shall apply to mainline and
branchline railroads,
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A service of the Federal Ministry of Justice and the Federal Office of Justice - www.gesetze-im-internet.de
those on the left half of a page only for main lines. the one on the right half of a page only for branch lines.
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-
(4) The regulations for new buildings also apply to comprehensive conversions of existing railroad
facilities and rolling stock; they are also to be taken into account in maintenance and renewal.
§ 2 General requirements
(1) Railroad installations and vehicles must be such that they meet the requirements of safety and order.
These requirements are deemed to be met if the railroad installations and vehicles comply with the
comply with the provisions of this Ordinance and, in so far as this Ordinance does not contain any express
provisions, with recognized rules of technology.
(2) It is permissible to deviate from the recognized rules of technology if at least the same level of safety is
demonstrated as would be the case if these rules were observed.
(3) The provisions of this Ordinance shall be applied in such a way as to enable the use of railroad facilities and
vehicles by disabled persons and the elderly, as well as children and other persons with difficulties of use,
without any particular difficulty. For this purpose, railroads are obliged to draw up programs for the design of
railroad facilities and vehicles with the aim of achieving the widest possible accessibility for their use. This
includes the establishment of an operational program with the appropriate vehicles, the setting of which shall be
announced in the respective train. The programs are drawn up after consultation with the umbrella organizations
of associations recognized under Section 15(3) of the Act on Equal Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities.
The railroads shall send the programs via their supervisory authorities to the Federal Ministry responsible for the
register of target agreements. The competent supervisory authorities may permit exceptions to sentences 2 and
3.
(4) Instructions for the proper construction and maintenance of railroad facilities and rolling stock, as well as
for the performance of safe operations, may be issued by
1. for federal railroads and for railroad undertakings established abroad, the Federal Railway
Authority,
2. for non-federally owned railroads, the competent state authority.
§ 3 Exceptions, permits
(1) Exceptions may allow

1. from all provisions of this ordinance to take into account special circumstances.
a) for federal railroads and for railroad undertakings established abroad, the Federal Ministry of
Transport and Digital Infrastructure; the competent Land authorities shall be informed if the unity
of the railroad system is affected;
b) for non-federally owned railroads, the competent state authority in consultation with the
Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure,
2. otherwise, to the extent that exceptions are expressly provided for in the provisions of this
Ordinance with reference to this paragraph,
a) for federal railroads and for railroad undertakings based abroad, the Federal Railway
Authority,
b) for the non-federally owned railroads, the competent supervisory authority.
(2) Permits provided for in the provisions of this Regulation with reference to this paragraph shall issue
1. for federal railroads and for railroad undertakings based abroad, the Federal Railway Authority,
§ 3a Border operating lines and through lines
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(1) On border operating lines and through lines, the corresponding regulations of the neighboring state may be
applied instead of the regulations of the second to fifth sections, with the exception of § 11.
(2) In order to ensure safe and fluid railroad operations on border operating lines and through lines, the
railroad infrastructure company may allow the operating language of the adjacent foreign railroad
infrastructure company as a second operating language in addition to German.
(3) On border operating lines and through lines on which the railroad infrastructure company has approved
a second operating language in addition to German, train controllers must be able to communicate orally
and in writing in German and in the second approved operating language, each at level B 1 of the Common
Languages*.
European Framework of Reference for
(4) On border operating lines and through lines, by way of derogation from paragraph 3, the local agreements
concluded between the railroads, the competent authorities or the States on the use of the language of a
neighboring State existing until the expiry of December 2, 2015 may continue to be applied.
* Official note: This reference framework is published under the title "Common European Framework of Reference for
Languages: learning, teaching, assessment", 2013, Klett-Langenscheidt Verlag, Munich.
Second section
railroad
facilities
§ 4 Definitions
(1) Railroad facilities are all properties, structures and other facilities of a railroad which, taking into
account the local conditions, are necessary for the handling or securing of passenger or freight traffic by
rail. This also includes ancillary operating facilities and other facilities of a
Railroad, which enable or promote loading and unloading, as well as access and egress. There are railroad
facilities of stations, open track and other railroad facilities. Vehicles do not belong to railroad facilities.
(2) Stations are railroad facilities with at least one switch where trains may start, end, switch or turn. The
boundary between the stations and the open track is generally defined by the entry signals or trapezoidal
boards, otherwise by the entry points.
(3) Block sections are track sections into which a train may only enter if they are free of vehicles.
(4) Block stations are railroad facilities that delimit a block line. A block station can be set up as a station,
branch station, transfer station, connecting station, stopping point, halt or covering station at the same time.
(5) Branch points are free line block points where trains can pass from one line to another.
(6) Transfer points are block points of the open track where trains can transfer to another track of the
same line.
(7) Connecting points are railroad installations on the open track where trains can run on a connected track as
a shunting run without the block line being released for another train. Alternate connection points are
connection points where the block line can be released for another train.
(8) Stopping points are railroad facilities without switches where trains are allowed to stop, start or end according to
schedule.
(9) Stops are branch points or connection points that are locally connected to a stop.
(10) Covering points are railroad facilities of the open track, which secure the railroad operation especially at
movable bridges, crossings of railroads, track intersections and construction sites.
(11) Main tracks are the tracks used by trains on a scheduled basis. Continuous main tracks are the main
tracks of the open line and their continuation in the stations. All other tracks are secondary tracks.
§ 5 Gauge
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(1) The track gauge is the smallest distance between the inner surfaces of the rail heads in the range from 0 to
14 mm below the top of the rail (SO).
(2) The basic gauge dimension is 1,435 mm.
(3) The track width must not be greater than

1,465 mm in main tracks, 1,470 mm;
1,470 mm in sidings;
it must not be smaller than 1,430 mm.
(4) In curves with radii less than 175 m, the track width must not be less than the following values:
Curve radii Gauge
m mm
under 175 up to 150 1.435
under 150 to 125 1.440
under 125 up to 100 1.445
§ 6 Track curve
(1) The radius of curves in continuous main tracks in new constructions should not be
less than300 m 180 m
amount.
(2) As a rule, the direction of continuous main tracks may only change steadily. Where necessary,
transition curves are to be provided.
(3) In the curves of continuous main tracks, the outer rail must generally be higher than the inner rail (cant).
The cant shall be determined in accordance with the condition of the superstructure, the design of the vehicles
and the load and its securing; it shall not exceed 180 mm, taking into account deviations occurring during
operation.
(4) Any change in superelevation shall be mediated by a superelevation ramp whose slope shall not exceed
1:400. 1:300.
§ 7 Track inclination
(1) The longitudinal slope on the open roadway for new buildings should be
12.5v.d. 40v.d.
not exceed.
(2) The longitudinal gradient of station tracks, excluding shunting tracks and those station tracks where freight
trains are broken up or formed by gravity, shall not exceed 2.5v.d. for new construction.
(3) Changes of inclination in main tracks are to be rounded out.
§ 8 Load capacity of the superstructure and structures
(1) The superstructure and structures shall be capable of accommodating vehicles with the respective
approved axle load and vehicle weight per unit length at the approved speed, but not less than vehicles
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with a wheelset load of 18 t and a vehicle with a wheelset load of 16 t and a vehicle weight per unit
weight per unit length of 5.6t/m. length of 4.5 t/m. Exceptions to these minimum values are
permissible (§ 3 Para. 1 No. 2).
(2) In the case of new construction and renewal of connected track sections, the superstructure must be
constructed in such a way that it can withstand wheelset loads of
at least 20 t preferably 18 t
can record.
(3) Structures must be designed for wheel set loads of at least 25 t and for vehicle weights per unit
length of 8 t/m during new construction and renewal. Structures under tracks on which
exclusively urban rapid transit systems may be designed for lower loads, but at least for wheelset loads of 20 t
and for vehicle weights per unit length of 6 t/m.
§ 9 Standard clearance
(1) The standard clearing space is the space belonging to each track and shown in Annex 1. The standard
clearing consists of the space enclosed by the respective boundary line and additional spaces for structural
and operational purposes.
(2) The limit line encloses the space required by a vehicle, taking into account horizontal and vertical
movements as well as track position tolerances and minimum distances from the overhead contact line. The
dimensions of the boundary line shall be calculated in accordance with Annexes 2 and 3.
(3) Solid objects may protrude into the areas of the standard clearance space marked in Annex 1 (Figure 1
areas A and B) and into the space for rolling wheels (Figure 2 area C) under the conditions specified therein;
existing entries in the standard clearance space may be retained. However, the space enclosed by the
boundary line must be kept clear; this does not apply to tracks with facilities for cleaning and repairing
vehicles, provided the tracks are used only for these purposes.
(4) On tracks with conductor rails, a space must be kept clear on both sides for the passage of pantographs,
the size of which depends on local and operational conditions.
(5) The overhead contact line may project into the space enclosed by the boundary line; this also applies to
the conductor rail. The minimum heights specified in Annex 3 No. 3 apply to the contact wire; exceptions are
permissible (Section 3 (1) No. 2).
§ 10 Track spacing
(1) The track spacing is the distance from center to center of adjacent tracks; it shall be at least equal to
the dimensions specified in Appendix 4 No. 1 or 2.
(2) On open track, the track spacing must be at least 4.00 m for new construction and extensive
reconstruction; for tracks on which only light railroads operate, a reduction in the
track spacing down to 3.80 m is permissible. Existing track spacing of 4.00 m - 3.80 m for urban rapid transit
systems - and less may not be reduced.
(3) In stations, the track spacing must be at least 4.00 m - except in the case of transfer tracks - and at least
4.50 m in the case of new buildings. Existing track spacing of 4.50 m and less may not be reduced; exceptions
are permitted (Section 3 (1) No. 2). Continuous main tracks without intermediate platforms may be routed
through the station at the track spacing of the open line. If the track spacing of the open line is increased, the
track spacing in the station may remain in place until the track facilities are reconstructed.
(4) The track spacing specified in paragraphs 2 and 3 shall be increased for tracks with radii less than 250
m in accordance with Annex 4 No. 3.
(5) For the duration of construction work, the track spacing may be reduced to the dimensions specified in
Annex 4 No. 1 or 2 if the necessary safety measures have been taken.
§ 11 Level crossings
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(1) Level crossings are crossings of railroads with roads, paths and squares at the same level.
Crossings used only for internal service traffic and crossings for passengers are not considered level
crossings.
(2) Level crossings are not permitted on

lines with a permitted speed of more than
160 km/h.
(3) At level crossings, rail traffic has priority over road traffic. The priority is to be marked by erecting St.
Andrew's crosses (Annex 5, Fig. 1). This is not necessary at level crossings of
1. Field and forest roads, if the level crossings are sufficiently visible,
2. Footpaths,
3. Private roads without public traffic, which are marked as such,
4. other roads and paths over sidings, if the level crossings are kept clear of road traffic by
guards for the passage of railroad vehicles.
(4) The St. Andrew's crosses shall be placed at the points in front of which road vehicles and animals must
stop when the level crossing may not be crossed.
(5) At level crossings in port and industrial areas, the installation of St. Andrew's crosses may be dispensed
with if St. Andrew's crosses with the additional sign "Port area, rail vehicles have priority" or "Industrial area,
rail vehicles have priority" are installed at the entrances. This does not apply to level crossings that are
technically secured in accordance with paragraph 6.
(6) Level crossings are marked by

1. Light signals (Annex 5, Figure 2) or flashing lights (Annex 5, Figure 4) or
2. Light signals with half-barriers (Annex 5 Fig. 3) or flashing lights with half-barriers (Annex 5 Fig. 5) or
3. Light sign with barriers (Annex 5 Fig. 3) or
4. Barriers
technically secured, as far as no other securing is permitted below. Flashing lights and flashing lights with half-
barriers should no longer be used as new technical fuses.
(7) Level crossings may be secured

1. in case of light traffic (paragraph 13) by the
overview of the railroad line (paragraph 12) or
in case of lack of overview of the railroad line
on single-track railroads by audible signals of
railroad vehicles (paragraph 18), if the speed
of railroad vehicles at the level crossing is
not more than 20 km/h - at level crossings of
field and forest roads not more than 60
km/h;
2. in the case of moderate traffic (paragraph 13) and
single-track railroads, by the overview of the
railroad line in conjunction with audible signals
of the railroad vehicles (paragraph 18) or, in the
absence of an overview of the railroad line - with
special permission (§ 3 paragraph 2) - by audible
signals of the railroad vehicles, if the speed of
the railroad vehicles is
at the level crossing not more than 20 km/h - at
level crossings of field and forest roads not more
than 60 km/h.
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(8) Level crossings over branch lines may be

secured in the same way as level crossings
over branch lines (paragraph 7).
(9) Railroad crossings of pedestrian and bicycle paths may be made safe by overlooking the railroad track
(paragraph 12) or by audible signals of railroad vehicles (paragraph 18). In addition
must may
Circulation barriers or similarly acting devices must be installed.
(10) Level crossings from private roads

1. without public traffic, which are marked as
without public traffic, marked as such, may be such, may be secured
secured at a speed of railroad vehicles at the level
crossing not exceeding 140 km/h a) by the overview of the railroad line
(paragraph 12) or
a) by the overview on the railroad line (paragraph
12) and degrees or b) by audible signals of railroad vehicles
(paragraph 18), if their speed at the
b) through closures in conjunction with an intercom level crossing is 60 km/h or less, or
system to the responsible operating official.
c) by means of terminations in
connection with an intercom system
to the responsible operating official
or
d) - with special permission (§ 3 par. 2) - by
degrees;
2. with public traffic in port and industrial areas

may be secured in case of light and moderate
traffic (paragraph 13)
a) through the overview or
b) by closures, if the speed of railroad vehicles
at the level crossing is 20 km/h or less.
Closures (e.g. barrier beams, gates) are to be kept closed by the person who is responsible for traffic safety; with
special permission (§ 3 Para. 2), they are only to be kept closed.
(11) Securing in accordance with paragraphs 6 to 10 is not required if the level crossing is secured by
guards. The guard must stop the road users by signaling until the first railroad vehicle has reached
approximately the middle of the road.
(12) The overview of the railroad line is available if the users of the road, when behaving correctly, can overlook
the railroad line due to the visibility conditions to such an extent and at such a distance that they can safely
cross the level crossing or stop in front of it when exercising the care required in traffic.
(13) Level crossings have

1. light traffic, if, in addition to other traffic, they are usually crossed by no more than 100 motor vehicles
in a day,
2. moderate traffic if, in addition to other traffic, they are usually crossed by more than 100 up to 2,500
motor vehicles in one day,
3. heavy traffic, if, in addition to other traffic, they are usually crossed by more than 2,500 motor vehicles
in one day.
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(14) If level crossings have a higher traffic volume during certain seasons or on certain days, in deviation
from the classification in paragraph 13, they must be secured accordingly; if they have a lower traffic
volume, they may be secured accordingly during these times.
(15) The closing of the barriers - except call barriers (paragraph 17) - shall be coordinated with the road
traffic
1. by light signals or
2. by direct or indirect sight of the barrier guard or
3. in case of light or moderate traffic by audible signs.
(16) Level crossings with barriers - with the exception of call barriers (paragraph 17) and barriers on footpaths
and cycle paths - must be directly or indirectly visible from the operating point. This is not necessary if the
closing of the barriers is coordinated with the road traffic by means of light signals and the clearance of the
level crossing is determined by technical devices.
(17) Call barriers are barriers that are kept closed permanently or during certain times and are opened upon
request of the road user, if this is possible without danger. Call barriers are to be equipped with an intercom
system if the barrier keeper cannot see the level crossing from the operating point.
(18) Signal boards shall be erected in front of level crossings in front of which audible signals of railroad
vehicles must be given in accordance with paragraphs 7 to 10.
(19) A level crossing whose technical protection has failed must - except in the case of auxiliary trains in
accordance with Section 40 (6) - be secured by guards in accordance with paragraph 11. A train manned by the
driver alone may, after it has stopped and the path users have been warned by a warning signal, proceed
through the level crossing without being secured by guards.
§ 12 Crossings of railroads at the same level
(1) New crossings of railroads at the same level may not be created outside stations or the main signals of
branch stations. Exceptions are permitted for temporary crossings (§ 3 Par. 1 No. 2).
(2) How to operate at grade crossings of railroads determine

1. for federal railroads, the Federal Railway Authority,
§ 13 Platforms, ramps
(1) In the case of new construction or extensive reconstruction of passenger platforms, the platform edges
should generally be set at a height of 0.76 m above the top of the rails; heights of less than 0.38 m and more
than 0.96 m are not permitted. Platforms at which only light rail vehicles stop should be set at a height of 0.96
m above the top of the rail. In track curves, the superelevation shall be taken into account.
(2) Fixed objects on passenger platforms (columns and the like) must be at least 3.00 m from the center of the
track up to a height of 3.05 m above the top of the rail. In the case of existing installations with low traffic, the
3.00 m dimension may be undercut to 2.70 m; exceptions to this minimum dimension are permissible (Section
3 (1) No. 2).
(3) On platforms on tracks with a speed of more

than 160 km/h, the areas to be kept clear during
passage shall be marked; if the speed exceeds 200
km/h, precautions shall be taken to ensure that no
passengers are on the platforms in the danger zone.
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(4) Provision shall be made for the protection of passengers who have to cross crossings (§ 11 Para. 1
Sentence 2). In the case of tracks running at a speed of more than
160 km/h, crossings are not permitted.
(5) Side ramps on which freight cars with outward-opening doors are to be loaded or unloaded must not be
higher than 1.10 m. The height must not exceed 1.00 m if outward-opening boarding doors of passenger cars
have to be opened there. The height must not exceed 1.00 m if outward-opening boarding doors of passenger
coaches have to be opened there. Other side ramps for loading or unloading cars may be up to 1.20 m above the
top of the rail, except on main tracks.
(6) For the duration of construction work, the provisions of paragraphs 1, 2, 4 sentence 2 and paragraph 5 may
be deviated from if the necessary safety measures are taken.
§ 14 Signals and switches
(1) If the provisions of this Ordinance require the use of signals, only the signals prescribed in the Railway
Signalling Regulations may be used. Corresponding displays in the driver's cab are equivalent to the
signals on the track; they may replace the signals on the track.
(2) The entrances to stations are

to be secured by main signals (entry signals) at an
entry speed of more than 50 km/h. Exceptions are permitted (§ 3 Par. 1 No. 2).
(3) The exits from stations are

at an exit speed of more than 60 km/ h
to be secured by main signals (exit signals). Exceptions are permitted (§ 3 Par. 1 No. 2).
(4) The basic position for main signals is the "train stop" position. Another position is permissible
1. for main signals in line sections with automatic line blocking,
2. for main signals of operating points which are not involved in the control of the train sequence
for a longer period of time or in regularly recurring periods of time.
are. Are,
3. for entry signals in train control operation.
(5) Block stations, branch stations, transfer stations and track intersections are marked by main signals.
to be secured. to be secured if driving there at more than 60 km/h -
when driving over points against the point at more
than 50 km/h. Exceptions are permitted (§ 3 para. 1
no. 2).
(6) Movable bridges shall be locally secured by signals in such a manner that the signals are locked in the stop
position while the bridge is unlocked and that the bridge cannot be unlocked when the signals are in the travel
position.
(7) Crossings at the same level of two railroads subject to this Ordinance shall be secured by main signals in
mutual dependence. If one of the railroads is not subject to this Ordinance, the approval (§ 3 para. 2) of the
crossing shall determine whether and how it is to be secured.
(8) Lying on the open track

Switches Switches that are driven against the tip at more
than 50 km/h,
and associated track crossings are to be secured by signals. Connecting points can also be secured by
signals of adjacent train following points, if there is dependency between connecting points, edge
protection devices and signals.
(9) Points that
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with more than 50 km/h

The signals of the remotely controlled switches, which are used by passenger trains against the head, must be
dependent on the signals valid for train operation in such a way that the signals can only be set to the running
position if the switches for the route are correctly positioned and closed (signal dependency). In this connection,
remotely set points which are used by passenger trains against the head must be fixed or individually secured
against being switched under the train.
(10) If the signal dependency of switches, which are used by trains against the point, is temporarily removed
or
impaired, or if non-signal-dependent switches, with the
exception of drop switches, are used by passenger
trains at speeds of more than 40 km/h up to a
maximum of 50 km/h against the head,
they shall be technically secured or guarded.
(11) For
Passenger trains Passenger trains traveling at more than 50 km/h,
flank protection measures must be taken.
Flank protection for tracks used at speeds of more
than 160 km/h must be provided in stations and at
connecting points by means of protective switches.
(12) With the entry signals and the main signals on the free track are approach signals
if the speed in the braking distance in front of the main signal
exceeds 60 km/h. If this does not require a
distant signal, the braking distance must be
marked by a signal panel.
Exceptions are permitted (§ 3 para. 1 no. 2).
(13) The distance between the main signal and the associated distant signal shall be at least as large as the
permitted maximum braking distance (§ 35 Para. 4). Shorter approach signal distances are permissible if
this is due to
local reasons cannot be avoided; in the case of shortening by more than 5%, special brake boards must be
erected for the respective existing advance signal distance (braking distance).
(14) The main signal "Slow speed" is replaced by the approach signal "Expect slow speed".
to announce. to be announced when driving at more than 60 km/h
from the distant signal.
This may be waived for exit signals at passing sidings on which no through traffic is permitted.
(15) For switches not connected to a track diagram interlocking, a basic position must be determined if
travel over these switches can endanger travel on the main tracks.
(16) Switches in main tracks must be equipped with turnout signals if they are not dependent on the
signals valid for train travel
are. are or are generally not kept closed. With adequate
lighting, turnout signals are not required.
(17) A boundary sign must be provided between converging tracks, up to which a track may be occupied
without endangering vehicles in the neighboring track. The minimum track spacing at the boundary sign is
given in Annex 4. In unfavorable local conditions, another marking may be used instead of the boundary
sign.
§ 15 Line block, train control
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(1) On railroads with a particularly dense train

sequence, the signal for entering a block section
must be located under the closure of the next
block section.
(2) Routes with signals prescribed by § 14 and on which more

than 80 km/h is allowed,
must be equipped with train control systems that can automatically bring a train to a stop and monitor
unauthorized starting against signals that indicate a stop.
Lines with signals prescribed according to § 14, on
which
1. several trains run at the same time and
2. passenger train traffic takes place or more than
50 km/ h are permitted,
must be equipped with train control systems that can
bring a train to a halt automatically. Train control lines
where the requirements of sentence 2 numbers 1 and
2 are met shall be equipped with technical devices by
which a train can be brought to a halt automatically.
Exceptions to sentence 2 and sentence 3 are
permitted in accordance with § 3 (1) number 2.
(3) Lines on which more than 160 km/h are permitted
must be equipped with train control systems by which
a train can be automatically brought to a stop and
also guided.
(4) For other lines, the competent railroad supervisory authorities may prescribe equipment with train control or
technical devices if local conditions or a particular hazardous situation so require.
§ 16 Telecommunications equipment
(1) Train following points

and train dispatching centers
are to be connected by telecommunication systems. Barrier guards and trackside telephones shall be connected to
the link.
Exceptions are permitted (§ 3 para. 1 no. 2).
(2) On lines without a

line block device,
which are used by
passenger trains or
be used by trains traveling at more
than 60 km/h,
telephone train announcements shall be recorded by means of voice recorders. Exceptions are permitted (§ 3
Para. 1 No. 2).
(3) Trackside telephones shall be installed on open track where necessary.
(4) Lines used by passenger trains shall be equipped with train radio equipment. The following must be
equipped with train radio equipment
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1. Routes on which more than 160 km/h

are permitted,
2. Lines without line blocking devices, on which

a) Passenger trains or
b) Trains with more than 60 km/h
traffic. Exceptions are permitted (§ 3 Par. 1 No. 2).
(5) Platforms on tracks that are used at

speeds of more than 160 km/h should
be equipped with loudspeaker systems.
§ 17 Examination and monitoring of railroad facilities
(1) The railroad facilities are to be inspected on a scheduled basis to ensure that they are in proper
condition. The type, scope and frequency of the inspection must be based on the condition and load of the
railroad facilities and the permitted speed.
(2) Hazardous locations shall be monitored so that operational hazards can be identified in a
timely manner and countermeasures can be taken.
Third section
vehicles
§ 18 Classification, Explanation of Terms
(1) Vehicles are divided into regular vehicles and auxiliary vehicles according to their intended purpose.
Regular vehicles must comply with the following construction regulations. Secondary vehicles need only
comply with these regulations to the extent necessary for the special purpose they are intended to serve.
(2) The standard vehicles are differentiated according to traction units and wagons.
(3) Traction units are divided into locomotives, railcars and small locomotives.
(4) The traction units are either operated directly or are controlled. Control is the regulation of motive and
braking power by a control device from a leading vehicle or by remote control.
(5) The cars are divided into passenger coaches and freight cars. Passenger coaches include passenger
coaches, luggage coaches, car coaches and mail coaches. Freight cars also include freight train baggage cars.
§ 19 Wheelset loads and vehicle weights per unit length
(1) For stationary vehicles with wheelset spacings not less than 1,500 mm, wheelset loads are
up to 18 tI up to 16
t and vehicle weights per length unit
up to 5.6 t/m Ibis to 4.5 t/m
permissible. Higher wheelset loads and vehicle weights per unit of length are permissible if they can be safely
absorbed by the superstructure and the structures. In the case of wheelset spacings of less than 1,500 mm, the
permissible wheelset loads and vehicle weights per unit of length shall be restricted in accordance with the
load-bearing capacity of the superstructure and structures.
(2) The wheelset load is the proportion of the total load attributable to one wheelset, and the vehicle
weight per unit length is the proportion of the total load attributable to 1.00 m of vehicle length
(length measured over buffers).
§ 20
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§ 21 Wheels and wheel sets
(1) The wheels and wheelsets of the vehicles must be designed and mounted in such a way that track
curves with a radius of 150 m and a track gauge of 1,435 mm can be traversed without any problems. The
wheels of a wheelset must have wheel flanges and must not be laterally displaceable on the wheelset shaft;
exceptions are permitted for gauge change wheelsets (§ 3 Para. 1 No. 2).
(2) The dimensions of Annex 6 apply to wheels and wheelsets. Deviations from this are permitted if it can be
demonstrated that the wheels and wheelsets safely guide the vehicles on the track.
(3) In the case of wheels made in one piece, the minimum thickness of the wheel rim must be marked by a
groove turned in on the outer face (Annex 6).
(4) In the case of new wagons to be built without bogies, the distance between the end wheelsets must be at
least 4,500 mm and the ratio of wheelset distance to overall length - measured over the buffers that are not
pressed in - must be at least 45 : 100.
(5) For cars without bogies first placed in service by May 28, 1967, and not used in international traffic, the
distance between end wheelsets must be at least 3,000 mm.
§ 22 Limitation of vehicles
(1) For the dimensions of vehicles to be used freely in international traffic, the reference line G 1 according to
Annex 7 shall apply, and for the dimensions of other vehicles, the reference line G 2 according to Annex 8 shall
apply. The reference line according to Figure 3 of Annex 8 may only be used for wagons with special approval
(§ 3 Para. 2).
(2) For vehicles in special areas of operation of long-distance high-speed traffic and urban high-speed
railroads, exceeding the dimensions of the reference lines is permissible with special approval (§ 3 para. 2).
(3) For the calculation of the vehicle dimensions, the dimensions of the reference lines shall be
restricted in accordance with Annex 9.
(4) For lowered pantographs, the reference line on which the vehicle is based applies. Current collectors in
working position must
1. comply with the limit line for overhead contact lines (Annex 3) or
2. on tracks with conductor rail remain within the space specified in § 9 Para. 4.
(5) Signaling devices and rearview mirrors may not exceed the width of the vehicle by more than 50 mm on either side.
(6) Sand spreaders and web scrapers are allowed to protrude into the space swept by the wheels.
(7) Brake components acting directly on the rail and brake blocks may project into the space swept by the
wheels if they are located in the area between the wheelsets of a bogie and do not impair the effectiveness
of shunting devices.
(8) It must be possible to suspend or screw in uncoupled screw and line couplings in such a way that they do
not extend lower than 140 mm above the top edge of the rail.
§ 23 Brakes
(1) The vehicles - with the exception of small locomotives - must be equipped with a continuous
automatic brake. This must be in any order with the brake designs of those railroads
cooperate on whose tracks the vehicles pass. For a limited number of freight cars is enough to equip with brake
pipe.
(2) A continuous brake is self-actuating if it becomes effective at any unintentional interruption of

the brake line.
(3) Vehicles carrying passengers shall have easily visible and accessible emergency braking handles by which
emergency braking can be initiated. The emergency braking device may be of such a nature,
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that an initiated emergency braking can be cancelled. On light rail vehicles, it is permissible for the actuation
of an emergency brake handle outside platform areas to trigger only an indication in the driver's cab.
(4) Traction units and other leading vehicles must have a hand brake or a self-locking brake (e.g. spring brake).
For small locomotives, a foot brake that can be locked in the brake position is sufficient.
(5) The wagons must be equipped with hand brakes in sufficient number. (6)
(7)
(8)
§ 24 Pulling and pushing devices
(1) Vehicles must have spring-loaded traction and impact devices at both ends.
(2) Vehicles that remain permanently connected during operation are considered to be only one vehicle with
regard to the equipment with towing and buffing devices. More than two vehicles may only be permanently
connected without the interposition of spring-loaded traction and impact devices with special approval (§ 3
Para. 2).
(3) Vehicles shall normally be equipped with screw couplings and buffers in accordance with Appendix 10;
other towing and buffing devices are permitted on vehicles for special purposes.
(4)
(5)
(6)
§ 25 Free spaces and components at the vehicle ends
(1) The vehicles must be designed in such a way that safe coupling is possible. The spaces required for this
purpose (Annex 11) shall, in the case of vehicles with screw couplings and side buffers, be provided by fixed
parts must be free when the drawgear is in the center position; elastically deformable parts of the transition
devices and connecting lines may project into these spaces. In the area below the buffers, no fixed parts may
obstruct access.
(2) Fixed parts at the ends of the vehicles must be at least 40 mm away from the joint plane of the fully
depressed buffers. This may be deviated from if dangerous contact of the vehicles is excluded.
(3) Steps on the sides of the vehicle must be at least 150 mm from the joint plane of the fully depressed
buffers.
(4) The end faces of freight cars must be fitted with supports to accommodate the end signaling equipment,
provided that the cars are suitable for this purpose. On the other vehicles, the ends are generally to be fitted
with two fixed end signals, otherwise with two signal supports. If necessary, steps and handles must be
provided for attaching the signaling equipment.
§§ 26 and 27 (omitted)
§ 28 Equipment and addresses
(1) Traction units and other leading vehicles must have the following equipment:
1. Devices for giving audible signals,
2. Railroad cleaners,
3. Speed Indicator,
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4. Train control system by means of which a train can be brought to a halt automatically and, in the case of
vehicles with a permissible speed of more than 30 km/h, an impermissible approach against signals
indicating a stop can be monitored if the vehicles operate on lines with train control system in
accordance with Section 15 (2), first sentence,
4a. Train control system by which a train can be brought to a halt automatically if the vehicles operate on
lines with train control system in accordance with Section 15 (2) sentence 2,
4b. technical device by which a train can be brought to a stop automatically, if the vehicles operate
on lines with technical devices according to § 15 (2) sentence 3,
4c. Train control or technical device by which a train can be brought to a stop automatically, if the vehicles
operate on lines with train control or technical devices on which such equipment has been prescribed in
accordance with § 15 (4),
5. Train control system by which a train can be automatically brought to a stop and also guided if the
permissible speed of the vehicles is more than 160 km/h,
6. Safety drive circuit that responds at speeds of 20 km/h and above and automatically causes the train
or shunting run to stop if the driver is unfit for duty. On existing small locomotives, this equipment is
only required if the vehicle is to be occupied in trains with the driver or operator alone,
7. Train radio equipment when
a) the permissible speed of the vehicles is more than 100 km/h or
b) the vehicles operate on routes pursuant to § 16 par. 4 no. 2,
8. Spark arrestors and lockable ash pans if solid fuels are burned.
(2) Passenger car boarding doors must be fitted with safe-acting locking devices. Outward-opening boarding
doors in the side walls of passenger carriages must have locking devices in which the slamming of the door
automatically causes a double lock. The double lock must be provided by two separate locks or by a lock that
closes in two stages. In the case of new passenger carriages, the locking devices must also be such that the
doors cannot be opened from the inside during travel, except in an emergency; passenger carriages put into
service for the first time after 1 January 1970 must be fitted with such locking devices at the next inspection.
(3) Openings of boarding doors must be equipped with guards inside passenger cars to prevent fingers
from being trapped.
(4) Remotely operated or automatically closing doors must be designed in such a way that their operation
does not endanger persons.
(5) Side sliding doors of baggage carts and baggage compartments must be secured against unintentional
closing of the doors. The opening to be kept clear must be at least 300 mm.
(6) Glass panes in new passenger coaches to be built must be made of safety glass.
(7) Vehicles must be constructed and equipped in such a way as to make it more difficult for fires to start and
spread.
(8) Vehicles in which persons are transported must have sufficient exit facilities for emergencies.
(9) A warning against leaning out must be affixed to the side windows of passenger train cars and freight
train baggage cars that are set up to be opened.
(10) Passenger coaches operating on lines with overhead electric lines must be equipped in such a way that it
is not necessary to climb onto the roof or onto steps and ladders at a height for work that regularly occurs
during operation, such as attaching the signaling equipment or filling the water tanks.
(11) There must be two coupler handles under each head end of a freight car.
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(12) Wagons should have at least one step and a handle for shunters on each long side.
(13) The regulations for passenger car equipment also apply to railcars where necessary.
(14) Vehicles must bear the markings and signs required for operation, maintenance and occupational safety.
§§ 29 to 31 (omitted)
§ 32 Acceptance and inspection of vehicles
(1) New vehicles may not be put into operation until they have been accepted (§ 3 Para. 2).
(2) Vehicles are to be inspected on a scheduled recurring basis.
(3) The type, scope and frequency of the examination in accordance with paragraph 2 shall depend on the
condition and extent of use of the railroad vehicles. Unless a maintenance organization certificate is required
for the maintenance of railroad vehicles or the organization responsible for maintenance has made other
specifications for maintenance, an examination shall be carried out at least every six years. In such cases, the
period between two consecutive inspections may be extended several times up to one year to a maximum of
eight years if it is determined that the condition of the vehicle permits this.
(4) Evidence of vehicle inspections shall be provided.
§ 33 Vehicle installations requiring monitoring
(1) Steam boilers, pressure vessels and other systems requiring inspection that are permanently connected
to a vehicle must be of an approved design; they must be inspected prior to commissioning and at regular
intervals. Type approval is not required for beverage dispensing systems and elevator systems.
(2) Steam boilers permanently connected to the vehicle shall be subjected to a scheduled periodic internal
inspection every three years; this period may be extended to a maximum of four years if the condition of the
steam boilers permits. An internal inspection is required prior to return to service if the steam boiler has been
out of service for more than two years. An external inspection shall be performed in each calendar year,
except in the case of locomotive steam boilers and heating steam boilers with automatic control.
(3) By water pressure are to be tested

1. Locomotive steam boiler
a) during testing before commissioning,
b) during the internal examination,
c) after boiler work that may affect operational safety,
2. Other steam boilers

a) during testing before commissioning,
b) at least every 9 years,
c) after boiler work that may affect operational safety,
d) before restarting the boiler if it has been out of service for more than two years.
(4) The inspections and time extensions must be carried out by authorized experts; in simple cases, they may
be carried out by experts in the case of pressure vessels and other systems requiring inspection.
(5) The following are admitted as experts

1. the engineers who are recognized as experts by the Federal Railway Authority or by the
competent state authority,
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2. Experts of the Technical Inspection Associations and the Technical Inspection Offices.
(6) Records of inspections and extensions of time must be kept. The date of the last internal inspection
must be affixed to steam boilers.
Fourth section
Railway
operation
§ 34 Concept, type and length of trains
(1) Trains are the units consisting of standard vehicles moved by machine power and individually running
traction units that are transferred to the open track. Suitable auxiliary vehicles may be treated as trains or
placed in trains.
(2) Reversible trains are trains controlled from the driver's cab at the head, whose traction units maintain their
place in the train when changing direction.
(3) Shunted trains are trains whose traction units do not run at the head and are not controlled from the
head.
(4) Trailing trains are trains whose traction units run at the head or are controlled from the head and are
followed by another traction unit that is not controlled from the head.
(5) Two traction units that are to be shunted must always be coupled together. More than two traction units
may not be used for pushing. On downhill gradients, traction units that are to be pushed on must be coupled
to the train.
(6) Trains must carry signals that indicate the end and, in darkness and uncertain weather, the top.
Exceptions to the requirement to signal the end of the train are permitted (§ 3 Para. 1 No. 2).
(7) Trains are divided into passenger trains and freight trains. For the purposes of this Ordinance, freight trains
carrying passengers are passenger trains, except in the case of Section 40 (2) No. 1. Military freight trains are
not considered passenger trains for the purposes of this Ordinance even if they are manned by troops, except
in the case of Section 14 (10). In addition, the railroad administrations shall determine which trains are
passenger trains and which are freight trains.
(8) A train may not be longer than its braking conditions, train and buffing equipment, and rail facilities
permit. Passenger trains may only be longer than the platforms if the safety of passengers is ensured by
operational instructions.
§ 35 Braking the trains
(1) Trains with a permissible speed of more than 50 km/h must be operated with continuous braking.
(2) The braking conditions of a train must ensure that the train can be brought to a stop within the permissible
braking distance; they are determined with the aid of the brake tables.
(3) The brake boards are approved

1. for federal railroads from the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure,
2. for non-federally owned railroads, by the competent state authority.
(4) The maximum permissible braking distances are

1 000 m. I700 m.
For certain lines, the authorities referred to in paragraph 3 may also allow braking distances exceeding 1 000 m
or 700 m. Special braking distances apply to trains operated with train control in accordance with Section 15
(3).
(5) Railroad administrations shall draw up special regulations on braking on lines with a gradient exceeding
40 percent and submit them for approval to the supervisory authorities referred to in paragraph 3.
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(6) The last or penultimate vehicle of a train must have an active brake. If the last vehicle does not have a
working brake, it should not be occupied by passengers.
(7) Before a train running with continuous brakes leaves the initial station, a brake test shall be carried out. The
brake test shall be repeated as often as the driver's cab is changed or the train is added to or separated from,
unless vehicles are only detached at the end. Exceptions are permitted for trains that remain unchanged during
several journeys (§ 3(1)(2)).
§ 36 Assembling the trains
(1) The wheelset load and the vehicle weight per unit length of the vehicles must not be greater than that
permitted for the railroad line to be traveled.
(2) Wagons connected only by the load must be placed in the rear part of the train. Wagons over which the
same load extends and wagons with unusual coupling must not run immediately in front of or behind wagons
occupied by passengers.
(3) Wagons with dangerous goods, which are marked accordingly, are to be placed and transported on
trains using special precautions.
(4) Wagons belonging to railroad undertakings established abroad may only be placed in trains if they comply
with the provisions concerning the technical unit in the railroad system. This may only be deviated from with
the consent of the authorities mentioned in § 3 par. 1 no. 2.
§ 37 Equipping the platoons with first aid resources
Passenger trains must be equipped with first aid equipment. Exceptions are permitted (§ 3 Para. 1 No. 2).
§ 38 Driving regulations
On double-track railroads, the right-hand side is to be used. This can be deviated from
1. in stations and in the introduction of line tracks into stations,
2. between a station and a branch or connecting station, or an adjacent station connected to only one of
the two line tracks,
3. for track change operation,
4. in case of blocking or occupation of the right track,
5. for work trains and work cars,
6. for auxiliary trains,
7. for returning sliding locomotives,
8. for secondary vehicles.
§ 39 Train sequence
(1) The sequence of the trains is controlled by train control points, the order by train reporting points, which
are always also train control points. The dispatcher is responsible for the train sequence. Locally unmanned
train control points must be assigned to a dispatcher.
(2) In train control mode, the train run is controlled via

Train running reporting points regulated. The train leader is
responsible for the train run.
(3) On railroads with a permitted speed of more than 30 km/h, trains may only follow each other at intervals
between the train-following points; in single-track operation, the track may not be occupied by a train in the
opposite direction until the next passing point. This may be deviated from in the event of disruptions or track
closures,
Furthermore, when driving at a visual distance and
during train control operation, if safety is ensured by
operational
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instructions or is ensured by technical equipment.
(4) The entry, exit or transit of a train may only be permitted if its track is clear. If, in the event of a
malfunctioning track vacancy detection system, it is not possible to determine by visual inspection that the track
is clear, or if the entry track ends in a stub track or occupied track, safety must be ensured by operational
instructions or technical equipment.
In train control operation, the train driver may be
assigned the track inspection for the next train -
without reporting to the train manager.
(5) Trains may pass stop signals only with a special order.
(6) The approach of trains shall be announced to the barrier guards and posts (§ 11 par. 11).
(7) If communication between train-following units is disturbed, a train may be let off with instructions to proceed
with caution if it can be assumed that the train ahead has arrived at the next train-following unit and that a
counter-train is not to be expected on the same track.
(8) Track sections on which the permitted speed must be reduced shall be marked by signals or
announced in writing.
(9) Impassable track sections are to be sealed off, even if no train is expected.
(10) Regular vehicles, which are not carried in trains, and auxiliary vehicles may only be used with the
knowledge of the neighboring train reporting offices,
in the case of train control operation, with the approval of the
train conductor,
be allowed onto the free track. Their approach must be announced to the barrier guards and posts (§ 11 par. 11).
§ 40 Driving speed
(1) The maximum speed at which a train may travel (permissible speed) depends on
1. the design of the individual vehicles,
2. the type and length of trains (§ 34),
3. the braking conditions (§ 35),
4. the track conditions,
5. the operational conditions
and from the provisions of the following paragraphs.
(2) The permissible speed is

1. for passenger trains with continuous brake
250 km/h, 100 km/h,

if the line and leading vehicles are equipped with if the conditions set forth in §§ 5, 6, 11, 15 paragraph
train control (§ 15 Paragraph 3, § 28 Paragraph 1,
1 Number 5) and this is effective, or 160 km/h if the § 16(1) and 35(4) applicable to main lines are
line and leading vehicles are equipped with train complied with, otherwise 80 km/h; by way of
control (§ 15 Paragraph 2 Sentence 1, § 28 derogation, the permissible speed shall be 50
Paragraph 1 Number 4) and this is effective, km/h if the train control system of the line or of
otherwise 50 km/h; the leading vehicle is temporarily ineffective or, in
the case of train control operations, safety is
temporarily not ensured by technical equipment;
2. for freight trains with continuous brake
120 km/h, 80 km/h;
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if the line and leading vehicles are equipped with by way of derogation, the permissible speed is
train control (§ 15 Paragraph 2 Sentence 1, § 28 50 km/h if the train control of the line or the
Paragraph 1 Number 4) and this is effective, leading vehicle is temporarily ineffective or, in
otherwise 50 km/h; the case of train control operation, safety is
temporarily not ensured by technical equipment;
3. for trains without continuous brake 50 km/h.
(3) The permissible speed is 50 km/h when

1. leading locomotives run with the tender in front; exceptions are permitted (§ 3 Para. 1 No. 2);
2. other leading traction units as well as control cars must exceptionally be operated from the rear driver's
cab and the front driver's cab is occupied by an operations officer who can bring the train to a stop;
3. the safety drive circuit is disturbed in the case of single-man leading vehicles.
(4) Shunted trains are allowed to travel at a maximum

speed of 30 km/h, over level crossings without technical protection (cf. § 11
Para. 3) at a maximum speed of 20 km/h.
(5) Trailing trains may travel at a maximum speed of 60 km/h. If the trailing traction unit is connected to
the continuous brake, the train may travel at a maximum of 80 km/h.
(6) Auxiliary trains (e.g. equipment wagons, auxiliary locomotives) may also run during service lines if their
speed is 50 km/h or less. Level crossings with open barriers and with lights or flashing lights that are remotely
monitored or not switched on may be driven through at a maximum speed of 10 km/h without being secured
by guards.
(7) In track curves the speed may be
v= Square root of r/11.8 x (u + u(deep)f)

v= Speed in km/h
r= Radius of arc in m
u= Superelevation in mm.
u(deep)f = Camber deficiency in mm
The cant deficiency shall be determined depending on the nature of the superstructure, the design of the
vehicles and the load and its securing; it shall not exceed 150 mm.
(8) Exceptions to the above provisions are permitted for test runs (trial trains) (§ 3 Para. 1 No. 2), with the
exception of the provision in Para. 6.
§ 41
(omitted)
§ 42 Shunting, restraint shoes
(1) Shunting movements that may endanger a train movement or another shunting movement must not
be carried out.
(2) Shunting on the entry track beyond the entry signal is generally prohibited. If this cannot be avoided in
individual cases, written permission must be obtained from the dispatcher or train controller.
At stations without entry signals, shunting beyond the entry switch or trapezoidal board is permitted if safety is
ensured by operational instructions.
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(3) The height of the stop blocks must not exceed 125 mm above the top edge of the rail.
§ 43 Securing stationary vehicles
(1) Stationary vehicles must be secured against unintentional movement if safety so requires.
(2) Traction units must be supervised as long as they are capable of movement by their own power and are
not specially secured against unintentional movement.
§ 44
(omitted)
§ 45 Manning of traction units and trains
(1) Working locomotives must be manned by a driver during the journey; controlled locomotives (Section 18
(4)) may be unmanned. In the case of small locomotives, the driver's duties may also be performed by a
small locomotive operator.
(2) The driver must remain in the front driver's cab during the journey in the case of traction units with two
driver's cabs, and at the head of the train in the case of traction units controlled from a leading vehicle. He need
not change the driver's cab during shunting movements or short reversing movements; remote-controlled
shunting movements may be unmanned.
(3) Unless otherwise specified in paragraphs 4 and 6, leading vehicles in trains shall also be manned by a
train attendant if they do not have an effective safety driving circuit.
The train driver shall participate in track and signal observation and, if necessary, bring the train to a stop.
(4) Working steam locomotives shall be staffed with a stoker where necessary.
(5) In the occupied special driver's cabins of traction units and control cars, no one other than the persons
authorized to do so on duty may ride without the permission of the competent authorities.
(6) The foremost vehicle of pushed trains must be manned by an operations officer. This may be deviated
from in the case of a short setback. The operations officer must communicate with the driver of the train.
be able to communicate and carry signaling devices to warn road users of level crossings without technical
protection.
(7) Passenger trains shall be staffed with at least one conductor, unless the conductor's operational duties are
assumed by another operating official or by technical equipment. They may operate without a conductor if the
closing of the car doors is coordinated with the passenger exchange.
and the fact that the car doors are closed is indicated to the driver before departure or determined by him in simple
conditions.
§ 46
(omitted)
Section Five
Personnel
§ 47 Operating officials
(1) For the purposes of this ordinance, operating officials are persons who serve as
1. Lead or supervise in the maintenance of rail facilities and operation of the railroad,
2. Operational inspectors and technical railroad inspectors,
3. Dispatcher, train dispatcher, supervisor, and train dispatcher,
4. Heads of technical services of the external railroad service and other supervisors in the field of these
services,
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5. Switchman and yardmaster,

6. Car inspection and brake officials,
7. Track and barrier attendants,
8. Train attendant,
9. Locomotive drivers, including operators of small locomotives and drivers of auxiliary vehicles,
10. Stoker and locomotive attendant.
(2) Operating officials are required to ensure the safe and punctual operation of the railroad. They shall wear a
correctly indicating watch, if required.
(3) Operations officers shall be assigned in the number necessary to safely conduct operations.
(4) Written or electronic instructions shall be made available to operating officials regarding their
official duties.
(5) Personnel records shall be maintained on each operating official.
(6) Railroads shall establish regulations governing the working hours and rest periods of operating officials,
unless statutory or collectively agreed regulations governing the organization of working hours apply. The
regulations must at least comply with the statutory regulations on the organization of working hours.
§ 48 Requirements for operating officials
(1) Operating officers must be at least 18 years old, but train drivers must be at least 20 years old.
(2) Operating officers shall be physically fit and free from such diseases and medical conditions as may
constitute a hazard to operating safety. Physical fitness shall also include adequate eyesight, hearing, and, in
the case of officers whose duties require the recognition of colored signals, color vision. Whether these
conditions are met shall be determined by a physician appointed by the railroad administration.
(3) The operating officials must

1. without or with visual aids (glasses, contact lenses) have a Snellen visual acuity of at least 0.5 in one eye
and at least 0.3 in the other eye,
2. understand colloquial speech at least five meters in one ear and at least three meters in the other ear.
(4) Locomotive drivers, operators of small locomotives, drivers of auxiliary vehicles, stokers, and locomotive
attendants whose visual acuity, without or with visual aid, falls below 0.5 in one eye for the first time may
remain in their jobs if the reduction in visual acuity is not due to a progressive eye condition.
(5) Railroads shall monitor that vision, color vision, and hearing are present as required in paragraphs 2
through 4.
(6) Operating officers must have the special qualities required by their service; this may be determined by
fitness examinations.
(7) Exceptions to the requirements specified in paragraphs 1, 3 and 4 are permissible in the case of special
circumstances or simple operating conditions (§ 3 Para. 1 No. 2).
§ 54 Training, examination
(1) Operating officers shall be provided with the knowledge and skills to properly perform their duties.
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(2) The railroads shall satisfy themselves of the existence of the required knowledge and skills by means
of examinations or in any other suitable manner. Evidence of this shall be kept.
(3)
Sixth section
Safety and order in the territory of railroad facilities
§ 62 Entering and using railroad facilities and vehicles
(1) The railroad facilities and vehicles may be entered or used by persons who are not officially
authorized to do so only to the extent that they serve general traffic use or a special usage relationship
entitles them to do so.
(2) It is not permitted to stay within the tracks unless this is necessary for the performance of official duties or
has been authorized within the framework of a usage relationship.
(3) Level crossings of private roads without public traffic, marked as such, may be used only by those
authorized to do so and only under the conditions specified for them. Special attention must be paid when
approaching and using these level crossings.
(4) Level crossings of private ways with public traffic may be created and left to public traffic by persons only if
they have agreed on this with the railroad operator and carry out safety measures incumbent upon them.
§ 63 Conduct in the area of railroad facilities
(1) Boarding and alighting is permitted only at the designated places and only on the designated side of the
vehicles.
(2) A sufficient distance must be kept from the tracks. Closed barriers at crossings for travelers are considered
to prohibit crossing the tracks, even if the barriers are placed between or behind the tracks.
(3) While a vehicle is in motion, it is prohibited to open the exterior doors, enter or exit the vehicle, step on
the running boards, or stand on the platforms unless specifically permitted.
(4) It is forbidden to throw objects from the cars that can hurt someone or damage a thing.
(5) In the event of an unscheduled stop, passengers may disembark only with the consent of the train crew.
They must follow their instructions for further behavior.
§ 64 Damaging the railroad and acts disrupting its operation
It is prohibited to damage or contaminate railroad facilities, operating equipment or vehicles, to open barriers or
other safety devices without permission, to create obstacles to travel or to carry out other actions that disrupt or
endanger operations.
§ 64a Railway employees
The provisions of sections 62 to 64 shall not apply to railroad employees in the performance of their duties.
§ 64b Administrative Offences
(1) It is an administrative offence within the meaning of Section 28 of the General Railway Act for anyone who wilfully
1. (omitted)
2. enters or exits a vehicle on a side not designated for this purpose or at a location not designated for this
purpose,
- Page 26 from 51 -
3. enters or exits a vehicle, steps on a running board, or remains on a platform without express permission
while the vehicle is moving,
4. contaminates a railroad installation, a piece of operating equipment or a vehicle, or
5. gets off the train at an unscheduled stop without the consent of the train crew or does not follow
instructions of the train crew for further behavior.
(2) It is also an administrative offence within the meaning of Section 28 of the General Railway Act for
anyone who intentionally or negligently
1. enters or uses a railroad facility or vehicle without official authorization to the extent that it does not
serve the general use of traffic or to the extent that no special usage relationship entitles him to do so,
2. is within the tracks without being required to perform official duties or being permitted to do so
under an occupancy agreement,
3. an exterior door opens as long as the vehicle is moving,
4. throws an object out of the car that is likely to injure another person or damage an object,
5. opens a barrier or other safety device without authorization, creates an obstacle to travel or performs
any other act that disrupts or endangers operations, or
6. creates a level crossing of a private road with public traffic and opens it to public traffic without
having agreed on this with the railroad operator or without having carried out the safety measures
incumbent upon him.
(3) Responsibility for the prosecution and punishment of administrative offences pursuant to paragraphs
1 and 2 shall be transferred in the area of federal railroads to the federal police authority designated in
the statutory order pursuant to Section 58 (1) of the Federal Police Act.
§ 65 Transitional provision
Lines that do not meet the requirements of § 15 (2) on December 1, 2012 shall be retrofitted by the end of
December 31, 2014. Until the equipment requirements pursuant to Section 15 (2) are met, the railroads shall
take other measures to ensure safe operation.
§ 66
§ 66 Entry into force
(1) This Ordinance shall enter into force on May 28, 1967.
(2) On the same day shall cease to be in force

1.
2.
3. the Railway Enabling Ordinance (EBefVO) of August 22, 1957 (Federal Law Gazette II p. 1234).
The qualification requirements for the personnel of the railroads covered by the Railway Construction and
Operation Regulations for Narrow-Gauge Railways (BOS) of June 25, 1943 (Reichsgesetzbl. II p. 285) are
governed by §§ 48 to 54 and § 60 para. 3 of this Ordinance until a new regulation comes into force.
Footnote
§ 66 para. 2 no. 3 sentence 2 Italics: Now ESBO v. 25.2.1972 933-11
Final formula
The F e d e r a l M i n i s t e r o f Transport
Annex 1 (to § 9)
(Reference: BGBl I 1991, No. 30 Annex p. 2 - 5)
- Page 27 from 51 -
Figure 1
Standard
lightroom
in straight lines and curves

with radii of 250 m and more
The dimensions refer to the Lower part of the border line

line connecting the rail top see picture 2
edges (SO) in the nominal
position; the center line is
perpendicular to the
connecting line.
- Page 28 from 51 -
To Fig. 1
Area A:
The cantilevering of structures is permitted if required for railroad operations (e.g. platforms, ramps,
shunting equipment, signal systems), as well as cantilevering during construction work if the necessary
safety measures have been taken.
Area B:
Collapses during construction work are permissible if the necessary safety measures are taken.
1) For tracks on which only light rail vehicles operate, the dimensions may be reduced by 100 mm. In
tunnels as well as immediately adjacent cut-in areas, the reduction of half the width of the standard
clearance to 1900 mm is permissible, provided that special escape routes are available. The inclination
of the slopes does not change.
2) For tracks on which mainly light rail vehicles run, 960 mm.
3) The boundary lines are based on the reference line G 2, the standard value so= 0.4 of the
inclination coefficient of a vehicle and the following structural influence quantities:
great small
borderline borderline
Radius (r) 250 m ₒₒ

Superelevation (u) 160 mm 50 mm
Excess deficit (uf) 150 mm 50 mm
Track width (l) 1470 mm 1445 mm
Fillet radius for change of inclination (ra) 2000 m 2000 m
Lifting reserve 50 mm 50 mm
Rail wear 10 mm 10 mm
For tracks with overhead line additionally:

Pantograph working height 5600 mm 5600 mm
Minimum distance from the overhead 150 mm 150 mm
line (15 kV AC)
4) The limit lines for overhead contact lines are based on the inclination coefficient so= 0.225 of a
traction unit and half the width dimension of a pantograph of 975 mm.
To picture 1
Table 1
Dimensions of the standard clearance for overhead contact line in track curves with radii of 250 m and more
Current Nominal Minimum Half minimum width b Bevel

type
- Page 29 from 51 -
voltage heig in the working height range of the The corners

ht Current collector via SO
≤ 5300 over 5300 over 5500 over 5900

up to up to up to c d
a 5500 5900 6500
kV mm
Alternate- 15 5200 1430 1440 1470 1510 300 400
electricity 25 5340 1500 1510 1540 1580 335 447
Equal- up to 5000 1315 1325 1355 1395 250 350
1,5
electricity 5030 1330 1340 1370 1410 250 350
3
Table 2
Increase of the standard clearance in track curves with radii below 250 m
Arc radius Required increase of half width dimensions
of the standard of the standard

clear space clear space
on the inside of the on the outside of the For
sheet arch overhead
line
m mm
250 0 0 0
225 25 30 10
200 50 65 20
190 65 80 25
180 80 100 30
150 135 170 50
120 335 365 80
100 530 570 110
Intermediate values may be switched on in a straight line.
Image 2
Lower part of the border line
Dimensions in millimeters
a) for tracks on which all vehicles are allowed to travel
- Page 30 from 51 -
b) for tracks used exclusively by vehicles complying with the reference line of Annexes 7 and 8, Figs. 2
a ≥ 150 mm for immovable objects that are not firmly connected to the rail.
a ≥ 135 mm for immovable objects that are firmly connected to the rail.
b = 41 mm for devices guiding the wheel on the inner face. b ≥ 45 mm at
level crossings and crossings (§ 11 par. 1)
b ≥ 70 mm for all other cases.
z = corners that may be rounded.
The height dimensions of the boundary lines refer to the connecting line of the rail top edges (SO) in actual position
(taking into account rail wear).
Area C:
Space for the wheels to roll through. The space may be used for the installation of facilities and equipment if
their purpose requires it (e.g. shunting equipment).
Annex 2 (to § 9)
Determination of the boundary line
(Reference: BGBl. I 1991, No. 30 Annex p. 6 - 9)
- Page 31 from 51 -
1 The half-width dimensions of the boundary line for fixed installations shall be calculated by adding the
following horizontally acting influence quantities:
1.1 Half width dimension of reference line G 2; enlargements of the reference line for vehicles in accordance
with § 22 para. 2 are to be taken into account.
1.2 Exceeding of the reference line resulting from the displacement due to the position of a vehicle in the
track curve and taking into account the track gauge (overhang).
1.3 Displacement from quasi-static lateral inclination resulting from a vehicle standing on a track with cant or
traveling on a track curve with cant deficiency, taking into account only the value that exceeds the portion of 50
mm already included in the reference line.
1.4 Random shifts from
a) Track position irregularities,

b) Vibrations due to the interaction between vehicle and track and
c) the influence of asymmetry up to 1 degree, resulting from the construction and adjustment
tolerances of the vehicles and uneven load distribution.
Here, the low probability of simultaneous occurrence of all unfavorable influences may be taken into account.
2 The displacements according to 1.2 to 1.4 may also be determined according to the following tables for
speeds up to 160 km/h:
2.1 Projection (to 1.2)
2.1.1. for radii of 250 m and more
Throat
mm
Radius
m Gauge Gauge
≤ 1445 mm ≤ 1470 mm
250 20 33
300 18 30
400 14 27
500 13 25
600 11 24
800 10 22
1000 9 21
2000 7 20
3000 6 19
ₒₒ 5 18
2.1.2 for radii less than 250 m
Radius Throat
m mm
- Page 32 from 51 -
Inside sheet Outside of arch

225 55 60
200 85 95
190 95 110
180 110 130
170 130 145
150 165 195
120 365 395
100 560 600
For heights up to 400 mm above SE, the table values may be reduced by 5 mm.
Re 2.1.1 and 2.1.2:

2.2 Displacement from quasi-static lateral inclination (to 1.3)
*)
Displacement
Height of In case of excess increase or excess increase
the reference shortfall mm
line 50 75 100 130 150 160
mm mm
4680 0 28 56 90 112 123
3835 0 23 45 72 89 98
3530 0 21 41 65 81 89
1170 0 5 9 15 18 20
≤ 400 0 0 0 0 0 0

*) With a slope coefficient s = 0.4
2.3 Random displacement (to 1.4)
Displacement
Height of With track not fixed with fixed track When the track is fixed
the reference and there is an
line overheight or
transverse height error
≤ 5 mm
a b a b a b
mm mm
4680 110 140 106 137 78 116
3835 91 114 85 110 62 93
3530 84 104 78 100 57 84
1170 37 40 21 25 14 19
- Page 33 from 51 -
≤ 400 30 31 6 6 2 3
a: On the inside of the sheet

b: On the outside of the curve and in straight track
3 The height dimensions of the boundary line - except in the range ≤ 125 mm - are to be calculated from
the height dimensions of the reference line G 2 and
3.1 to enlarge in the range ≥ 3530 mm in order to
a) the influence of the change of longitudinal slope and

b) the uplift reserve for the maintenance of the track,
3.2 in the range ≤ 1170 mm to be reduced by
a) the influence of the change of longitudinal slope and

b) the wear of the rails and the sinking of the track during operation.
Re 3.1 and 3.2:

The influence of the change of longitudinal slope is calculated as follows:
50 000
ra [mm]
ra = fillet radius in m
4 For the height dimensions of the boundary line in the range ≤ 125 mm, Annex 1 Fig. 2 applies.
5 Aerodynamic influences must be taken into account at speeds of more than 160 km/h.
Annex 3 (to § 9)
Determination of the limit line for overhead contact line
1 The half-width dimensions of the boundary line with overhead contact line are to be calculated by adding
the following horizontally acting influencing variables:
1.1 Half width dimension of the pantograph,
1.2 Oscillation of the current collector,
1.3 Deflection of the pantograph in the track curve,
1.4 Displacement due to the position of a vehicle in the track curve and taking into account the track gauge
(overhang),
1.5 Displacement from quasi-static lateral inclination resulting from a vehicle standing in a track with cant or
running in a track curve with cant deficiency, taking into account only the value exceeding the portion of 66 mm
already included in 1.2,
1.6 Random displacements from track position irregularities; here the low probability of
simultaneous occurrence of all unfavorable influences may be taken into account.
- Page 34 from 51 -
1.7 Minimum distance from the overhead line
Rated voltage Fromstand

*)
kV mm
Alternating current 15 150 (100)
Alternating current 25 220 (150)
Direct current 1,5 35 (25)
Direct current 3 50 (35)
*) The values in brackets may only be applied when the pantograph is temporarily approaching
stationary components.
2 The displacements according to 1.2 to 1.6 may also be determined according to the following tables for
speeds up to 160 km/h:
2.1 Vibration and deflection (to 1.2 and 1.3)
Working height of the pantograph Displacement

*)
mm mm
6500 170
5000 110

2.2 Overhang for radii of 100 m and more (to 1.4)
Throat
mm
Radius
m Gauge Gauge
≤ 1445 mm ≤ 1470 mm
100 43
120 39
150 34
200 30
250 15 28
300 13 26
400 11 24
500 10 23
600 9 22
800 8 21
1000 8 20
2000 6 19
3000 6 18
- Page 35 from 51 -
ₒₒ 5 18
2.3 Displacement from quasi-static lateral inclination (to 1.5)
*)
Displacement
Working height of In case of excess increase or excess increase
the pantograph shortfall mm
66 100 130 150 160
mm mm
6500 0 31 58 76 85
5000 0 23 44 57 64

2.4 Random shifts (to 1.6)
Working height of the Displacement

pantograph
With track not fixed with fixed track When the track is fixed
and there is an
overheight or
transverse height error
≤ 5 mm
mm mm
6500 99 95 32
6000 92 87 29
5500 85 80 27
5000 79 73 25
Intermediate values may be switched on in a straight
line. 3 Minimum contact wire height above rail top edge
Rated voltage Heigh

kV t mm
Alternating current 15 4950
Alternating current 25 5020
Direct current 1,5 4850
Direct current 3 4865
Annex 4 (to § 10)

Track spacing
- Page 36 from 51 -
1 The minimum track spacing shall be calculated by adding half the width dimensions of the boundary lines.
2.1 The minimum track spacing may also be determined as follows:
Radius Minimum track distance at a speed of km/h
160 140 120 100 80 70 60 50 40 30

m m
2100 3,50 3,50 3,50 3,50 3,50 3,50 3,50 3,50 3,50 3,50
1600 3,54 3,50 ▼
1300 3,58 3,53 3,50
1100 3,61 3,56 3,51
950 3,59 3,53 ▼
850 3,61 3,55 3,50
700 3,59 3,53 ▼
600 3,62 3,55 3,50
500 3,59 3,52 ▼
450 3,61 3,54 3,50 ▼
400 3,55 3,52 3,50 ▼
300 3,61 3,56 3,52 3,50 ▼
250 3,60 3,55 3,51 3,50 ▼
225 3,63 3,58 3,56 3,50
200 3,71 3,66 3,62 3,62
180 3,80 3,74 3,69 3,68
2.2 If the outer track has a greater cant (ua) than the inner track (ui), the minimum track spacing must be
increased by
3,53
•( ua - ui ) [mm]
1,50
3 For radii less than 250 m, the track spacing of 4.00 m and 3.80 m (Section 10(2)) and of 4.00 m and 4.50 m
(Section 10(3)) shall be increased as follows:
Radius Magnification
m mm
250 0
225 55
200 120
180 180
170 215
- Page 37 from 51 -
150 305
120 700
100 1100
Annex 5 (to § 11)
Image 1 St.
Andrew's
cross
1. If the St. Andrew's cross is to apply only to road traffic in a

branching direction, this must be indicated by an additional sign
with a black arrow.
2. On tracks with electric catenary, the St. Andrew's crosses shall
have a flashing arrow in the center.
3. Deviations from the height dimension "~ 1 000" are
permissible in built-up areas or in confined
conditions.
Figure 2
Light sign
Color sequence YELLOW-RED
- Page 38 from 51 -
1. If light signs are to apply only to road traffic in a branching

direction, they must be in the form of arrows. On footpaths, the
light signs may be provided with pedestrian symbols.
2. Alarm clocks or other audible signs may be used in addition to
the light signs.
3. On multi-track lines, light signals are to be used only in conjunction
with half-barriers or barriers.
4. In built-up areas or in confined spaces, the St. Andrew's cross may
be placed next to or above the traffic signal. The St. Andrew's
cross may be dispensed with in the case of light signals for
footpaths.
See also explanations on Fig. 1
Image 3
Light sign with half barrier or barrier
- Page 39 from 51 -
1. The barrier arms must be sufficiently visible as long as they are moved or closed.
2. The hatches shall be vertical; they may be slanted until renewal.
3. Half-barriers block only the access to the level crossing; their length shall be such that the road user
can clear the level crossing without hindrance.
See also explanations for Figs. 1 and 2
Figure 4
Red flashing
light
1. In addition to the flashing light, alarm clocks or other audible signs may be used.
2. In built-up areas or in cramped conditions, the St. Andrew's cross may be rotated 90° (transversely)
above the flashing light and deviate from the height dimension "~ 2650".
3. A flashing light in the shape of an arrow indicates that it is only valid for road traffic in the direction of the arrow.
4. For special flashing lights on footpaths, signal screens with a height of 400 mm and a width of 500 mm
are permitted. St. Andrew's crosses may be dispensed with in accordance with § 11 Par. 3.
5. On multi-track lines, level crossings with staggered traffic may be secured by flashing lights in
conjunction with a yellow illuminated sign "2 trains" mounted in the signal screen and alarms or other
audible signs. The additional safety devices become effective if and as long as the level crossing remains
closed to another train.
- Page 40 from 51 -
See also explanations on Fig. 1
Image 5
Red flashing light with half barrier
See explanations for Figs. 1, 3 and 4
Annex 6 (to § 21)

Wheels and wheel sets
Measuring circle
Designation Minimum Maximum
diameter of the
dimension
wheels
> 840 ) 1 426
1 4101
Gauge (SR) ----------- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - --
- -
- 1 426
840 to 330 1 4151
)
Distance of the inner > 840 1 3572

)
1 3632
)
Face area (AR) 840 to 330 1 3592

)
1 3632
)
Wheel tire/wheel rim width (BR) ≥ 330 1303

)
1334
) 150 1404
)
Flange thickness (Sd) > 840 20 224) 33
- Page 41 from 51 -
840 to 330 27,5 33

> 760 26 36
Flange height (Sh)
760 to 330 32 38
Thickness of the
wheel tire in the
≥ 330 25 355) -
measuring circle
plane (Rd)
Flange dimension (qR) ≥ 330 6,
56) -
1) For intermediate wheelsets, the minimum dimension is 1395 mm
2) Nominal dimension 1360 mm
3) 133 mm, if beam track brakes are to be effective
4) Vehicles in international traffic
5) Passenger coaches in international traffic
6) Measure for assessing the wear of the wheel flange flanks
- Page 42 from 51 -
Annex 7 (to § 22)
Reference line G 1
for vehicles which are also used in cross-border traffic
- Page 43 from 51 -
can be used
Figure 1
Lower part of the

reference line
see pictures 2 and 3
Image 2
Reference line for the lower parts of the vehicles (except
occupied passenger cars).
- Page 44 from 51 -
Image 3
Reference line for the lower parts of occupied passenger
cars
Annex 8 (to § 22)
- Page 45 from 51 -
Reference line G 2
for vehicles that are not used in international traffic
Image 1
- Page 46 from 51 -
* Permissible height for vehicle parts from Lower part of reference line See
which steam can escape Figs. 2 and 3
Image 2
Reference line for the lower parts of the vehicles
Image 3
Reference line for the lower parts of vehicles that are not allowed to run over tracks whose facilities are
dimensioned according to the limit line for fixed installations as per Annex 1 Figure 2 letter b (humps,
shunting facilities).
- Page 47 from 51 -
Annex 9 (to § 22)

Vehicle dimensions restriction
(Reference: BGBl. I 1991, No. 30 Annex p. 26)
1. For the calculation of the vehicle dimensions, the dimensions of the reference lines (Annex 7
and 8) must be restricted to take into account the influences from:
1.1 the horizontal displacements resulting from the transverse clearances between the vehicle body
and the wheelsets and from the position of the wheelsets in the track curve and in the straight
line,
1.2 the change in vehicle height due to wear and tear,
1.3 the vertical deflections,
1.4 of the vertical displacements resulting from the position of the vehicle in crest and hull
fillets,
1.5 the quasi-static lateral inclination resulting from standing in a track with 50 mm cant or from
running in a track curve with 50 mm cant deficiency, and
1.6 the asymmetry exceeding 1 degree resulting from the construction and adjustment tolerances of
the vehicle and the intended load.
2. The above restrictions may be reduced as follows:
- Page 48 from 51 -
l = track gauge; the track gauge is to be taken as 1.465 m; for

wagons with bogies in the track borrow l = 1.435 m
Annex 10 (to § 24)

Pulling and pushing devices
- Page 49 from 51 -
1. The buffer disks must be dimensioned in such a way that the buffers cannot engage one behind
the other when passing through the track curves referred to in Section 21 (1).
2. The buffer head on the left as seen from the front of the vehicle must be curved. If both buffer
heads are curved, the radius of curvature shall not be less than 1 500 mm.
- Page 50 from 51 -
3. Buffer pads must cover a circle with the diameter of 370 mm, which may be flattened by 15 mm at the
top and bottom.
Annex 11 (to § 25)

Spaces to be kept free at the vehicle ends
- Page 51 from 51 -

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Railroad Construction and Operating Regulations (EBO)

Date of issue: 08.05.1967 Full

Status: Last amended by Art. 2 V v. 5.4.2019 I 479

(+++ text reference as of: 1.1.1982 +++)

Caption: V also applies in Berlin according to V 930-1-2 v. 15.11.1984 I 1369

Wheelset loads and vehicle weights per unit length § 19

Administrative Offenses § 64b

(1) Exceptions may allow

§ 3a Border operating lines and through lines

(2) The basic gauge dimension is 1,435 mm.

(3) The track width must not be greater than

it must not be smaller than 1,430 mm.

(3) Changes of inclination in main tracks are to be rounded out.

§ 8 Load capacity of the superstructure and structures

(2) Level crossings are not permitted on

(6) Level crossings are marked by

(7) Level crossings may be secured

(8) Level crossings over branch lines may be

Circulation barriers or similarly acting devices must be installed.

(10) Level crossings from private roads

2. with public traffic in port and industrial areas

(13) Level crossings have

§ 12 Crossings of railroads at the same level

(2) How to operate at grade crossings of railroads determine

(3) On platforms on tracks with a speed of more

§ 14 Signals and switches

(2) The entrances to stations are

(3) The exits from stations are

(8) Lying on the open track

(9) Points that

with more than 50 km/h

§ 15 Line block, train control

(1) On railroads with a particularly dense train

(2) Routes with signals prescribed by § 14 and on which more

(1) Train following points

(2) On lines without a

(3) Trackside telephones shall be installed on open track where necessary.

1. Routes on which more than 160 km/h

2. Lines without line blocking devices, on which

(5) Platforms on tracks that are used at

§ 17 Examination and monitoring of railroad facilities

§ 19 Wheelset loads and vehicle weights per unit length

§ 21 Wheels and wheel sets

(2) A continuous brake is self-actuating if it becomes effective at any unintentional interruption of

§ 24 Pulling and pushing devices

§ 25 Free spaces and components at the vehicle ends

§ 28 Equipment and addresses

§ 32 Acceptance and inspection of vehicles

(2) Vehicles are to be inspected on a scheduled recurring basis.

(4) Evidence of vehicle inspections shall be provided.

§ 33 Vehicle installations requiring monitoring

(3) By water pressure are to be tested

2. Other steam boilers

(5) The following are admitted as experts

§ 35 Braking the trains

(3) The brake boards are approved

(4) The maximum permissible braking distances are

§ 36 Assembling the trains