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  • Adenovirus Infection

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    Roxanne Harmer
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    Adenoviruses are common viruses that can cause respiratory illnesses like the common cold but also other infections. They spread easily through coughing, sneezing, touching infected surfaces. Symptoms depend on site of infection but often include cold-like symptoms. While most infections are mild, infants and those with weak immune systems are at risk for serious illness. There is no vaccine but good hygiene can help prevent spread.

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    Adenoviruses are common viruses that can cause respiratory illnesses like the common cold but also other infections. They spread easily through coughing, sneezing, touching infected surfaces. Symptoms depend on site of infection but often include cold-like symptoms. While most infections are mild, infants and those with weak immune systems are at risk for serious illness. There is no vaccine but good hygiene can help prevent spread.

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    19 views2 pages

    Adenovirus Infection

    Uploaded by

    Roxanne Harmer
    Adenoviruses are common viruses that can cause respiratory illnesses like the common cold but also other infections. They spread easily through coughing, sneezing, touching infected surfaces. Symptoms depend on site of infection but often include cold-like symptoms. While most infections are mild, infants and those with weak immune systems are at risk for serious illness. There is no vaccine but good hygiene can help prevent spread.

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    Adenovirus Infection Fact Sheet

    What is adenovirus infection?

    Adenoviruses are common viruses that can cause illness in humans. Most adenovirus infections
    cause mild respiratory illness, such as the common cold. Some infections can cause other illnesses,
    such as bronchitis (inflammation of the windpipe and main airways), pneumonia (inflammation of the
    lungs), skin rash, conjunctivitis (pink eye), bladder infection, or bowel infection.

    Who gets adenovirus infection?

    Anyone can be infected by adenoviruses. Most infections are mild. Serious illness can occur in
    infants, those with weakened immune systems, or those with existing lung or heart disease.
    Outbreaks can occur where people are in close quarters.

    How is adenovirus infection spread?

    Adenoviruses spread very easily from one person to another and can survive for a long time on
    objects. The virus can spread through contact with droplets from the nose and throat of an infected
    person (e.g., during coughing or sneezing) or by touching hands, an object, or surface with the virus
    on it and then touching the mouth, nose, or eyes before hand washing. Some adenoviruses can
    spread through an infected person’s stool (e.g., during diaper changing). Adenoviruses can also
    spread through the water, such as swimming pools, but this is less common.

    What are the symptoms of adenovirus infection?

    The symptoms of adenovirus infection depend on the site of infection. Adenoviruses most often infect
    the airways leading to cold-like symptoms, including sore throat, sneezing, runny nose, cough,
    headache, chills, or symptoms of croup or bronchitis. Some people might also get a fever. Illness
    usually lasts three to five days, but serious infections can last for weeks. Complications can include
    ear infections, pneumonia, or meningitis (inflammation of the brain and spinal cord). Some
    adenoviruses cause other illnesses, such as skin rash, conjunctivitis (pink eye,) bladder infection, or
    bowel infection (e.g., diarrhea).

    How soon after exposure do symptoms appear?

    For respiratory infections, symptoms usually appear 2–14 days after exposure to the virus. For
    intestinal tract infections, symptoms usually appear 3–10 days after exposure to the virus.

    How is adenovirus infection diagnosed?

    Doctors usually diagnose adenovirus infection based on the patient’s symptoms. Laboratory tests are
    also available to identify the virus in the blood or other body fluids.

    What is the treatment for adenovirus infection?

    Treatment usually involves measures to relieve the symptoms. Doctors might recommend rest,
    drinking plenty of fluids, use of over-the-counter medicines to manage fever or discomfort, or use of
    a cool-mist humidifier. Ill persons should see a doctor if fever continues for more than a few days,
    Adenovirus Infection Fact Sheet

    symptoms worsen, breathing problems occur, or not enough fluids are being taken. Those with
    serious illness or weak immune systems might need additional treatment or hospitalization.
    Antibiotics are not used to treat adenovirus infections.

    How can adenovirus infection be prevented?

    There is no vaccine generally available to prevent adenovirus infection. Good health habits can help
    prevent adenovirus infection. These include covering the mouth and nose when coughing or
    sneezing; washing hands often with soap and water; avoiding touching the eyes, nose or mouth;
    avoiding sharing cups and eating utensils; staying home from work, school, and errands if sick; and
    avoiding close contact with people who are sick. Keeping adequate levels of chlorine in swimming
    pools is important to prevent outbreaks of conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus.

    How long can an infected person carry adenovirus?

    Adenovirus infections are most contagious during the first few days of symptoms. Some people,
    especially those with weakened immune systems, can carry the virus in their tonsils, adenoids, or
    intestines for weeks or longer. These people might not have any symptoms, but are still be able to
    spread the virus to others.

    How can I get more information about adenovirus infection?

    If you have concerns about adenovirus infection, contact your healthcare provider.
    Call your local health department. A directory of local health departments is located at
    https://www.vdh.virginia.gov/local-health-districts/.
    Visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website at
    https://www.cdc.gov/adenovirus/index.html.

    August 2018

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