Centre Number Candidate Number Candidate Name

NAMIBIA SENIOR SECONDARY CERTIFICATE

AGRICULTURE ORDINARY LEVEL 4321/2

PAPER 2 2 hours
Marks 100 2017

Additional Materials: Non-programmable calculator

E L
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION TO CANDIDATES

V
• Candidates answer on the Question Paper in the spaces provided.

E
• Write your Centre Number, Candidate Number and Name in the spaces at the top of this page.

L
• Write in dark blue or black pen.
• You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.

Y
• Do not use correction fluid.
• You may use a non-programmable calculator.

R
• Do not write in the margin For Examiner’s Use.

A
Section A For Examiner’s Use

N
• Answer all questions.

I
Section A
Section B

D
Section B
• Answer any two questions.

R
• Write your answers on the answer sheets at the end of the booklet.
Question .......

O
• The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each
Question
.......
question or part question.
Total

Marker
Checker

This document consists of 18 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

Republic of Namibia
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND CULTURE

© MoEAC/DNEA 4321/2/17 [Turn over

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For
Examiner’s
SECTION A Use

1 The diagram shows farmers reclaiming land.

(a) Define the term land reclamation.

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....................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Name the process of land reclamation shown in the diagram.

....................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) List three processes that should follow after the process in the picture has
been completed.

1.....................................................................................................................

2.....................................................................................................................

3..................................................................................................................... [3]
(d) Explain how more food could be produced without reclaiming more land.

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[8]

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For
Examiner’s
2 A funnel on top of a measuring cylinder was filled with 100 g dry clay soil and Use
50 cm3 of water was added. It was allowed to drain for 15 minutes.
The result is shown in the diagram.
clay

10 cm3 water

(a) Calculate the amount of water retained in the soil after 15 minutes.

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....................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) Describe the water-holding capacity and drainage of clay soil.

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(c) Describe three effects of clay soil on plant growth.

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2.....................................................................................................................

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3.....................................................................................................................

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(d) Describe how clay soil can be made suitable for plant growth.

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For
Examiner’s
(e) Some soil samples, when moist, can be rolled into the shape of a sausage. Use
The diagram shows part of the procedure in a ‘sausage test’.

soil sample

(i) State the purpose of the ‘sausage test’.

................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii) State a soil type which will not easily form a sausage shape and
explain why.

soil type...................................................................................................

explanation..............................................................................................

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................................................................................................................ [2]
(f) Humus is a very important substance in the soil.
(i) Discuss three benefits for a farmer of having a large amount of
humus in soil.

1..............................................................................................................

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2..............................................................................................................

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3..............................................................................................................

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(ii) Suggest two ways humus can be added to a soil.

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2.............................................................................................................. [2]

[16]

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For
Examiner’s
3 The diagram can be used to explain osmosis. Use

partially
permeable
membrane

water molecule

sugar molecule
(a) Define the term osmosis.

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(b) Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of osmosis. [1]
(c) State two reasons osmosis is important to plants.

1.....................................................................................................................

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2.....................................................................................................................

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(d) A plant cell is placed in a solution that will result in water leaving the cell.
Explain what will happen to this cell if left in this solution for 30 minutes.

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For
Examiner’s
(e) Name a process in which plants Use
(i) use sunlight,

................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii) release energy from sugars,

................................................................................................................ [1]
(iii) release water vapour.

................................................................................................................ [1]

[10]

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For
Examiner’s
4 The diagram shows a fence separating cattle from crops. Use
crops

cattle
(a) Name the farming system where plants and animals are kept on one farm.

....................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Discuss the benefit of such a system to
(i) a farmer,

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(ii) animals.

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(c) Keeping animals in an enclosed area allows rotational grazing.
Discuss three benefits of a rotational grazing system.

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2.....................................................................................................................

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3.....................................................................................................................

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For
Examiner’s
(d) Describe three characteristics of the type of fence that is suitable to enclose Use
large animals.

1.....................................................................................................................

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2.....................................................................................................................

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3.....................................................................................................................

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[10]

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For
Examiner’s
5 The diagram shows the female reproductive system of an animal. Use

B
C

(a) Identify the parts labelled A, C and D.

A....................................................................................................................

C....................................................................................................................

D.................................................................................................................... [3]
(b) Write down the letter of the part in the diagram that
(i) is the site of fertilisation,

................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii) receives semen during artificial insemination,

................................................................................................................ [1]
(iii) allows sperm to enter the uterus.

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(c) Outline the importance of the hormones oestrogen and progesterone in
female animals.

Oestrogen......................................................................................................

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Progesterone.................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2]

[8]

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For
Examiner’s
6 The farmer feeds broilers and observes the body mass of each over time. Use

The table shows the growth of one broiler weighed at different ages.
age / weeks 1 2 4 6 8 10 12
body mass / (kg) 1.5 1.75 2.5 3.0 4.0 4.5 4.0

(a) Draw a line graph to show the growth of the broiler over the period, from 1
to 12 weeks of age.

[4]
(b) State the age at which the broiler should be slaughtered.
Give a reason to justify your answer.
Age................................................................................................................

Reason..........................................................................................................

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....................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) Between which ages was the greatest gain in body mass in a 2-week period?

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For
Examiner’s
(d) Suggest one factor, other than food that could reduce the weight of broilers. Use

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[8]

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For
Examiner’s
7 The following are questions that are asked by farmers when they draft farm Use
marketing and financial plans.
A B C
What quality standard do I Where am I going When will I reach
set for selling my products? to get the capital? break-even point?
E
D What are the customers’
What will the registration needs?
fee for my business be?
F
Where am I going
to sell my products?

(a) State which three of the questions, A to F, need to be considered for the
financial plan.

....................................................................................................................... [3]
(b) State two factors of production in agricultural economics.

1.....................................................................................................................

2..................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) The table shows the economic performance of a poultry farm.

number of broilers: 55
age: 12 weeks
cost of feed: N$ 320 per week
income from broiler sales: N$85 each

(i) State two other costs to the farmer to raise the broilers.

1.....................................................................................................................

2..................................................................................................................... [2]

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For
Examiner’s
(ii) Calculate the profit made by the farmer from the sale of all broilers. Use

[2]
(iii) Suggest one factor other than demand and supply that could influence
the price of the broilers.

................................................................................................................ [1]

[10]

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SECTION B

Answer any two questions.

Write your answers on the answer sheets provided at the end of the booklet.
Use labelled or annotated diagrams where they can help to make your answers
more understandable.

8 (a) Describe what is meant by the term soil erosion, what causes it, and how
can it be prevented. [6]
(b) Explain how biological and physical weathering contribute to soil formation. [6]
(c) Describe the major functions of NPK fertilisers. [3]

[15]
9 (a) Describe the functions of the four digestive chambers of a ruminant. [8]
(b) Discuss the importance of each of the following to a farm animal
(i) a balanced ration, [3]
(ii) a production ration, [2]
(iii) a maintenance ration. [2]

[15]
10 (a) Describe how crops are grown organically. [5]
(b) Discuss the contribution of agriculture to the family, the national economy
and world trade. [4]
(c) State three arguments in each case for and against genetically modified
crop production. [6]

[15]
11 (a) Describe the characteristics of a crop cultivar that will grow well to produce
a profitable harvest. [5]
(b) Describe three harmful effects of a named piercing and sucking crop pest. [3]
(c) Explain the precautions that should be taken when using farm chemicals. [7]

[15]

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For
Examiner’s
Answer Sheets for Section B Use

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For
Examiner’s
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For
Examiner’s
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