InterCOH2021 Abstract MSotelo

Experimental and numerical study of a cylinder passing through fluidized
natural mud
Marco S. Sotelo1, Djahida Boucetta1, Bart Brouwers1,2 and Guillaume Delefortrie1,2
1
Maritime Technology Division, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium E-mail: Marco.Sotelo@ugent.be
2
Department of Mobility and Public Works, Flanders Hydraulics Research, Antwerp, Belgium
1. Introduction study the overall behaviour of the system. The following

Navigation in shallow water over a thin layer of mud is a tests will be with natural mud.
common problem in many ports and waterways around
the world. Previous works demonstrated that sailing close 2.2 CFD simulations
or in contact with a mud layer changes drastically the Different analytical and numerical models have been
manoeuvrability of the vessels generally leading to a proposed to describe the thixotropic behaviour of natural
dangerous conditions (Delefortrie et al., 2007). However, mud and cohesive materials (Mewis & Wagner, 2009). In
due to the complex rheological behaviour of natural mud, this work, the updated numerical model proposed by
in many experimental and theoretical publications the Toorman (Toorman et al., 2014) is used to validate the
mud has been treated as a Newtonian fluid (Delefortrie & interphase interaction. The developed solver is
Vantorre, 2016; Doctors et al., 1996). To better implemented in the open source software OpenFOAM.
understand the behaviour of ships sailing in real mud
enviroments more research is required. The purpose of
this work is to study the behaviour of bluff bodies passing
through a layer of fluidized natural mud. As a first step,
extensive trials are conducted to predict the
hydrodynamic reactions on the body for different depth
and velocities. The resultant forces and moments are
recorded and accumulated as database. Additionally, Figure 1: Velocity field around a cylinder in the air-mud
CFD computations are performed using a newly inter-phase.
developed solver dedicated to specific cohesive material
applications (Toorman et al., 2014). The obtained 3. Conclusions
numerical results are compared to model tests and the The final conclusions and comparison of the experimental
overall outcome will give a better insight on the results will discussed in the final version of the paper.
phenomena.
References
2. Methodology Delefortrie, G., & Vantorre, M. (2016). Ship
The main scope of this work is the experimental study of manoeuvring behaviour in muddy navigation areas:
a cylinder passing through a layer of fluidized natural state of the art. Proceedings of the 4th International
mud. The test program is currently carried out at Flanders Conference on Ship Manoeuvring in Shallow and
Hydraulics Research with the support of the Research Confined Water with Special Focus on Ship Bottom
Foundation – Flanders (FWO). The test consists in towing Interaction, Hamburg, Germany
a cylinder of 200 mm diameter along a 560 mm wide Delefortrie, G., Vantorre, M., Verzhbitskaya, E., &
channel filled with natural mud, very similar to the work Seynaeve, K. (2007). Evaluation of safety of
presented by (Toorman et al., 2015). The cylinder will be navigation in muddy areas through real-time
towed at different velocities and distances from the maneuvering simulation. Journal of Waterway, Port,
bottom of the channel. With this tests it is expected to Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 133(2), 125–135.
capture the reaction forces acting on the cylinder for Doctors, L., Zilman, G., & Miloh, T. (1996). Influence of
different conditions with natural mud. a bottom mud layer on the resistance of marine
vehicles. Ship Technology Research, 43(2), 51–61.
2.1 Experimental phase Mewis, J., & Wagner, N. J. (2009). Thixotropy. In
The experimental facilities consists in a channel of 18.5 Advances in Colloid and Interface Science (Vols. 147–
m long, 560 mm wide with a depth up to 560 mm. This 148, Issue C, pp. 214–227). Elsevier.
channel is equipped with 2 sets of for pressure sensors to Toorman, E., Liste, M., Heredian, M., Rocabado, I., &
monitor the pressure evolution in the fluid layers (water Vanlede, J. (2014). CFD Nautical Bottom- Rheology
and mud). Additionally, a set of 5 probes are installed to of fluid mud and its modeling (Issue WL Rapporten
monitor the pore pressure in the mud layer. Mud sampling 00_048).
will be performed after every run. The sample will be Toorman, E., Vandebeek, I., Liste Muñoz, M., Heredia,
characterized by a measurement protocol to monitor the M., Rocabado, I., Vanlede, J., Delefortrie, G.,
internal evolution of the mud layer. The object to be Vantorre, M., & Meersschaut, Y. (2015). Drag on an
towed will be a cylinder of 200 mm diameter. The object towed through a fluid mud layer: CFD versus
carriage is equipped with 3 load cells plus a torque sensor experiment. INTERCOH2015: 13th International
and 6 pressure sensors to record the reaction forces in the Conference on Cohesive Sediment Transport
cylinder throughout the tests. Due to the high blockage Processes. Leuven, Belgium, 7-11 September 2015,
ratio, the first series of tests will be with water only to 74(1997), 114–115.

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Experimental and numerical study of a cylinder passing through fluidized

1. Introduction study the overall behaviour of the system. The following

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