OTN Protocol

Foreword

⚫ With the continuous development of IP-based networks, the transport network is

evolving from point-to-point and ring networks to mesh networks. The network edge
tends to integrate the transport network and service network, and the vertical
structure of the network tends to flatten.
⚫ With this network development trend, the traditional WDM+SDH transmission mode
has gradually exposed its disadvantages, and the OTN networking mode has emerged.
OTN is a technology that integrates WDM ultra-large bandwidth features and rich
SDH overheads. These overheads help locate and rectify faults.

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 Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

 Understand the positions and functions of different overheads at each OTN layer
 Understand the basic functions of OTN electrical-layer overheads
 Understand the mechanism of generating OTN electrical-layer alarms and learn how to
use electrical-layer overheads to analyze and locate faults

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 Contents

1. OTN Overview

2. OTN Interface Structure and Multiplexing Mapping

3. OTN Frame Structure

4. OTN Electrical-Layer Overhead Introduction

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OTN Definition
⚫ OTN: Optical Transport Network, it is a network consisting of a group of optical NEs
connected through optical links. It can transmit, multiplex, route, manage, monitor, and
protect client signals based on optical channels (survivability).
⚫ An obvious feature of OTN is that the transmission settings of any digital client signal are
independent of customer-specific features, that is, client-independent.

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OTN Advantages
⚫ Compared with SDH and traditional WDM, OTN has the following advantages:
 Large-granularity service transmission
 Multi-service transmission
 Powerful OAM functions
 Flexible Networking Mode
 Reduced network construction and operation costs

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OTN Standard System
Device G.874 Management features of NEs on an OTN network
management G.874.1 OTN network: protocol-neutral management information model for the NE

Jitter and G.8251 Jitter and shift control on an OTN network

performance Bit error performance parameters and specifications on international channels of multiple carriers on an OTN
G.8201
network
Network G.873.1 Linear protection on an OTN network
protection G.873.2 Ring protection on an OTN network

Device functions G.798 Features of function blocks of devices on an OTN network

OTN and features G.806 Transport network device features: description methods and general functions

G.709 Interfaces on an OTN network

Structure and
G.7041 Generic frame protocol (GFP)
mapping
G.7042 Link capacity adjustment scheme (LCAS) for virtual concatenation signals

G.959.1 Physical-layer interfaces on an OTN network

Physical-layer
G.693 Optical interfaces for intra-office systems
features
G.664 Optical security rule and requirements in an optical transport system

G.872 OTN network architecture

Architecture
G.8080 ASON architecture

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 Contents

1. OTN Overview

2. OTN Interface Structure and Multiplexing Mapping

3. OTN Frame Structure

4. OTN Electrical-Layer Overhead Introduction

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OTN Electrical-layer Structure
Client(Such as STM-N,FC,IP,Ethernet,MPLS)

OPUk LO

ODUk LO

OTUk,OTUk-v OTUkV OPUk HO

OTLk.n ODUk HO

OTUk,OTUk-v OTUkV OPUCn

OTLk.n ODUCn

OTUCn
G.709-Y.1331(16)_F6-1

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OTN Optical-layer Structure
OTUCn OTUk,OTUk-v,OTUkV OTUk

OTSiG OCh-P OCh-O OTSiG-O OCh-P OCh-O

OMS-P OMS-O
OTS-O OPS
OTS-P
OSC OCC

MOTUm SOTUm
OTU OTLk.n OTU

OTSiG OTSiG OTSiG

OPS OPS OPS

MOTU SOTU SOTU G.709-Y.1331(16)_F6-2

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OTN Interface Structure (1)
⚫ MOTUm
Client

OPUk
OPUk OH Payload ODUk
ODUk TC L1 TCMOH
ODUk
ODUk PM OH
OPUk TCM1~TCM6
ODUk TC Ln
ODUk ODUk
ODUk TCM TCMOH TCMOH

OTUk OTUk
OTUk SM OH FEC

OCh-O OCh-P
OCh

OMS OMS-O
OTS COMMS

Media
OTS OTS-O

OSC G.709-Y.1331(16)_F6-3

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OTN Interface Structure (2)
⚫ MOTUm (Beyond 100G) Client
OPUCn
OPUCn OH Payload ODUCn
TCMOH
ODUCn
ODUCn MS Monitoring PMOH
OPUCn ODUCn TC L1
TCM1~TCM6
ODUCn TC Ln
ODUCn
ODUCn
ODUCn TCM TCMOH TCMOH

OTUCn
OTUCn RS Monitoring OH

FEC

OTSiG-O OTSiG
OTSiA

OMS OMS-O
OTS COMMS

Media
OTS OTS-O
G.709-Y.1331(16)-Cor.2(19)_F6-4
OSC

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OTN Interface Structure (3)
⚫ SOTU
Client

OPUk
OPUk OH Payload

ODUk
ODUk PM OH
OPUk
ODUk
ODUk TC L1 TCMOH

ODUk
ODUk TCM TCMOH
TCM1~TCM6
ODUk TC Ln
ODUk
TCMOH

OTUk OTUk
OTUk SM OH FEC

OTSi

Media
G.709-Y.1331(16)_F6-5

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OTN Interface Structure (4)
⚫ MOTU
Client

OPUk
OPUk OH
Payload

ODUk
ODUk PM OH
OPUk
ODUk
ODUk TC L1 TCMOH

ODUk
ODUk TCM TCMOH
TCM1~TCM6
ODUk TC Ln
ODUk
TCMOH

OTUk OTUk
OTUk SM OH FEC

OTSi

Media
G.709-Y.1331(16)_F6-6

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OTN Interface Structure (5)
⚫ Multi-Carrier SOTU
Client

OPUk
OPUk OH
Payload

ODUk
ODUk PM OH
OPUk
ODUk
ODUk TC L1 TCMOH

ODUk
ODUk TCM TCMOH
TCM1~TCM6
ODUk TC Ln
ODUk
TCMOH

OTUk OTUk
OTUk SM OH FEC

OTLk.n OTLk.n OTLk.n

OTLs #0 Ch #1 Ch #n-1 Ch

OTSiG OTSi OTSi OTSi

Media G.709-Y.1331(16)_F6-7

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OTN Interface Structure (6)
⚫ SOTUm
Client

OPUk
OPUk OH
Payload

ODUk
ODUk PM OH
OPUk
ODUk
ODUk TC L1 TCMOH

ODUk
ODUk TCM TCMOH
TCM1~TCM6
ODUk TC Ln
ODUk
TCMOH

OTUk OTUk
OTUk SM OH FEC

OCh OCh-O OCh-P

OCC Media G.709-Y.1331(16)_F6-8

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OTN Mapping/Multiplexing (1)
x1 Client Signal
To ODU2,3,4,ODUCn ODU0 OPU0

x1 Client Signal
To ODU2,3,4,ODUCn ODUflex OPUflex

To ODU2,3,4,ODUCn x1 Client Signal

ODU1 OPU1

ODU1
x1 x1 x2
ODU1 OPU1 ODTUG1 ODTU01 ODU0
To ODU2,3,4,ODUCn PT=20

Multiplexing Mapping G.709-Y.1331(16)_Cor.2(19)_F7.1

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OTN Mapping/Multiplexing (2)
To ODU3,4,ODUCn x1 Client Signal
ODU2 OPU2
x1
OTU2[V]
x4
x1 x1 x1 ODTU12 ODU1
ODU2 OPU2
To ODU3,4,ODUCn ODTUG2 x8 ODU0
ODTU2.1
PT=21
x[8/ts] ODTU2.ts ODUflex
x1
ODTUG2 x4 ODTU1.2 ODU1
PT=20

x1 Client Signal
To ODU3,4,ODUCn ODU2e OPU2e

Multiplexing Mapping G.709-Y.1331(16)_Cor.2(19)_F7.1

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OTN Mapping/Multiplexing (3)

To ODU4,ODUCn x1 Client Signal

ODU3 OPU3
x1
OTU3[V]
x16
x1 x1 x1 ODTU13 ODU2
ODU3 OPU3
To ODU4,ODUCn
x4 ODU1
ODTU23
ODTUG3 x32 ODTU3.1 ODU0
PT=21
x1 x3 ODU2e
ODTU3.9
x[32/ts] ODTU3.ts ODUflex

x16 ODTU13 ODU1

ODTUG3
PT=20 x4 ODTU23 ODU1
Multiplexing Mapping
G.709-Y.1331(16)_Cor.2(19)_F7.1

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OTN Mapping/Multiplexing (4)

To ODU4,ODUCn x1 x1 Client Signal

x1 ODU4 OPU4

OTU4[V] x80
x1 x1 ODTU4.1 ODU0
x1 ODU4 OPU4
To ODU4,ODUCn x40 ODTU4.2 ODU1

ODUG4
x10 ODTU4.8 ODU2
PT=21 x2 ODU2e
ODTU4.31 ODU3
x[80/ts]
ODTU4.ts ODUflex

Multiplexing Mapping

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OTN Mapping/Multiplexing (5)

x1 Null, only for PRBS

OPUCn
x1 ≤10n
OTUCn ODUCn
x10n ODU0
OPUCn x1 ODTUCn.1 ODU1
x1 x10n ODTUCn.2 ODU2
ODTUGCn ODU2e
x[2.5n] ODTUCn.8 ODU3
PT=22
xn ODTUCn.20 ODU4

ODTUCn.ts ODUflex
xMIN([20n/ts],10n)

Multiplexing Mapping

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Frame Rates and Capacity (1)
OTU Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate OTU Bit Rate Tolerance
OTU1 255/238 × 2 488 320 kbit/s
OTU2 255/237 × 9 953 280 kbit/s
OTU3 255/236 × 39 813 120 kbit/s ±20 ppm
OTU4 255/227 × 99 532 800 kbit/s
OTUCn n × 239/226 × 99 532 800 kbit/s
• The nominal rates of OTU boards are: 2 666 057.143 kbit/s (OTU1), 10 709 225.316 kbit/s (OTU2), 43 018 413.559
kbit/s (OTU3), 111 809 973.568 kbit/s (OTU4), and n × 105 258 138.053 kbit/s (OTUCn) , n indicates the wavelength
number, and n indicates the wavelength number.
• OTU0, OTU2e, and OTUflex are not defined in this protocol. ODU0 signals are transmitted through ODU1, ODU2,
ODU3, ODU4, or ODUCn signals, ODU2e signals are transmitted through ODU3, ODU4, and ODUCn signals, ODUflex
signals are transmitted through ODU2, ODU3, and ODU4 and ODUCn signals.
• The OTUk (k=1, 2, 3, 4) signal bit rate includes the FEC overhead area. The OTUCn signal rate does not include the FEC
overhead area.

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Frame Rates and Capacity (2)
ODU Type ODU Nominal Bit Rate ODU Bit Rate Tolerance

ODU0 1 244 160 kbit/s

ODU1 239/238×2 488 320 kbit/s

ODU2 239/237×9 953 280 kbit/s

±20 ppm
ODU3 239/236×39 813 120 kbit/s

ODU4 239/227×99 532 800 kbit/s

ODUCn n × 239/226 × 99 532 800 kbit/s

ODU2e 239/237×10 312 500 kbit/s

ODUflex (CBR) 239/238×Client-side signal rate

ODUflex (GFP-F) Configuring the Bit Rate ±100 ppm

ODUflex (IMP) s x 239/238 × 5 156 250 kbit/s，s = 2, 8, n × 5 with n ≥ 1

ODUflex (FlexE-aware) 103 125 000 × 240/238 × n/20 kbit/s (n = n1 + n2 + .. + np)

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Frame Rates and Capacity (3)
OPU Type OPU Nominal Bit Rate OPU Bit Rate Tolerance
OPU0 238/239 x 1 244 160 kbit/s
OPU1 2 488 320 kbit/s
OPU2 238/237 x 9 953 280 kbit/s
±20 ppm
OPU3 238/236 x 39 813 120 kbit/s
OPU4 238/227 x 99 532 800 kbit/s
OPUCn n x 238/226 x 10 312 500 kbit/s

OPU2e 238/237 x 10 312 500 kbit/s ±100 ppm

client signal bit rate tolerance, with a
ODUflex for CBR client signal bit rate maximum of 100 ppm

ODUflex for GFP-F 238/239 x ODUflex signal rate 100 ppm

ODUflex for IMP s x 5 156 259kbit/s(s=2, 8, n x 5 with n ≥ 1) 100 ppm

ODUflex for FlexE-aware 103 125 000 × 240/239 × n/20 kbit/s (n = n1 + n2 + .. + np) 100 ppm

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OTU/ODU/OPU Frame Period
OTU/ODU/OPU Type Period

ODU0/OPU0 98.354 μs
OTU1/ODU1/OPU1 48.971 μs
OTU2/ODU2/OPU2 12.191 μs
OTU3/ODU3/OPU3 3.035 μs
OTU4/ODU4/OPU4 1.168 μs
OTUC4/ODUC4/OPUC4 0.291 μs

ODU2e/OPU2e 11.767 μs

CBR client signals: 121856/client_signal_bit_rate

GFP-F Mapping client signal: 122368/ODUflex bit_rate

ODUflex/OPUflex
IMP Mapping client signal: 122368/ODUflex bit_rate

GFP-F mapped client signals: 122368/ODUflex_bit_rate

NOTE: The period is an approximated value, rounded to 3 decimal places.

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Process of Multiplexing ODU1 to ODU2
ODU1
ODU1 Payload ODU1
OH

ODTU12
ODU1 ODTU12
JOH

ODTU12 ODTU12
ODU1 ODU1 ODTUG2
JOH JOH

ODTUG2

OPU2
OPU2 Payload OPU2
OH

ODU2
ODU2 Payload ODU2
OH
G.709-Y.1331(12)_F7-2
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Process of Multiplexing ODU0-ODU4 and ODUflex to ODUCn
ODU
ODU Payload ODU
OH

ODTUCn.ts ODU
ODTUCn.ts
JOH (0,1,2,2e,3,4,flex)

ODTUCn.ts ODTUCn.ts ODTUGCn.ts

ODU ODU
JOH JOH PT=22

ODTUGCn.ts(PT=22)

OPUCn
OPUCn Payload OPUCn
OH
OPUCn ODUCn
OH
G.709-Y.1331(16)_Cor.2(19)_F7-8
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 Contents

1. OTN Overview

2. OTN Interface Structure and Multiplexing Mapping

3. OTN Frame Structure

4. OTN Electrical-Layer Overhead Introduction

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OTU Frame Structure
⚫ OTUk (k = 1, 2, 3, 4) frames are byte-based blocks with 4 x 4080.

3825
3824

4080
15
14
16
17
8
7
1

OTUk
FA
1 OH

OPUk 开销
2 OTUk
Client Signal FEC
ODUk （4 x 256 bytes）
3
OH

FA OH OTUk Client Signal k:

1 - 2.5G
ODUk OPUk 2 - 10G
3 - 40G
4 - 100G

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OTUCn Frame Structure

3824
15
14
16
17
8
7
1
FA OTU
1 OH OH

FA OH OTU OH Client Signal

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 Contents

1. OTN Overview

2. OTN Interface Structure and Multiplexing Mapping

3. OTN Frame Structure

4. OTN Electrical-Layer Overhead Introduction

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FAS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
ACT
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

字节 1 字节 2 字节 3 字节 4 字节 5 字节 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

OA1 OA1 OA1 OA2 OA2 OA2

• It is used for frame alignment. The length is 6 bytes and is located in the first row and columns 1 to 6.
F • The OA1 is 1111 0110, and the OA2 is 0010 1000.
A
S • An OTUk_LOF or ODUk_LOFLOM alarm is reported when an FAS exception is detected.

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MFAS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
ACT
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

MFAS OH Byte
MFAS （MultiFrame Alignment Signal）
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
.
.
• It is used for multiframe alignment. The length is 1 byte and is
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
located in row 1 and column 7.
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 • The value of the MFAS byte increases with the OTUk/ODUk base
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
..
.. frame sequence number. A maximum of 256 base frames are
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 included.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
• An OTUk_LOM or ODUk_LOFLOM alarm is reported when an
..
MFAS Sequences MFAS exception is detected.
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SM (1)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
ACT
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

1 2 3

TTI BIP-8
TTI （Trail Trace Identifier）
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

• The TTI is transmitted four times in each OTUk multiframe.

BDI
IAE

SAPI BEI/BIAE RES

15
16 It is a 64-byte string. The 64-byte 0 position in the
DAPI
31 multiframe is 0000 0000, 0100 0000, 1000 0000, and 1100
32
0000.
Operator
specific • The TTI is abnormal and the OTUk_TIM alarm is reported.
63

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SM (2)
⚫ Bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8)
 The OTUk BIP-8 is calculated based on bits in the OPUk (columns 15–3824) area of the OTUk
frame i, and the calculated result is inserted into the OTUk BIP-8 overhead of the OTUk frame
i+2.
1 14 15 3824

BIP8
Frame i OPUk
1 14 15 3824

Frame i+1 OPUk

1 14 15 3824

Frame i+2 OPUk

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SM (3)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES# RES JC
TCM
2 RES# TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL# RES JC
ACT#
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

Overhead Name
1 2 3
TTI BIP-8 BEI Backward Error Indication

BIAE Backward Incoming Alignment Error

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BDI
IAE

BEI/BIAE RES BDI Backward Defect Indication

IAE Incoming Alignment Error

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GCC0/RES
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES# RES JC
TCM
2 RES# TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL# RES JC
ACT#
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

1 2 1 2
GCC0 RES

Overhead Nmae
GCC0 General Communications Channel 0

RES Reserved

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PM (1)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES# RES JC
TCM
2 RES# TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL# RES JC
ACT#
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

1 2 3
TTI / BIP-8 / BEI / BDI
TTI BIP-8
• Path monitoring. The definition and functions of these parts are
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
the same as those of the OTUk SM, but the monitoring level is
BDI

SAPI BEI STAT

15
16 different. In addition, the BEI field does not support the BIAE
DAPI
31 overhead function of the SM.
32
• TTI-related alarms: ODUk_PM_TIM
Operator
specific
• BIP8-related alarms: ODUk_PM_DEG, ODUk_PM_EXC
63

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PM (2)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES# RES JC
TCM
2 RES# TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL# RES JC
ACT#
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

1 2 3
TTI BIP-8 STAT

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
• Status bit, used as a maintenance signal.
BDI

SAPI BEI STAT

15
• 001: normal channel signal
16
DAPI • 101: maintenance signal ODUk-LCK (ODUk locked)
31
32
• 110: maintenance signal ODUk-OCI (ODUk open connection
Operator
specific indication)
63 • 111: maintenance signal ODUk-AIS (ODUk all 1s)

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TCM
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES# RES JC
TCM
2 RES# TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL# RES JC
ACT#
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

TCM ACT TCM（Tandem connection monitoring）

• TCM Activation/deactivation coordination • n=1...6，there are six TCM levels.
protocol • The overheads of six TCMs have the same meaning and
• Activating or deactivating a protocol channel on are similar to those of PM.
the TCM • The six-layer TCM supports cascading, overlapping, and
• Occupies one byte. This field is reserved. nesting.

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APS/PCC/FTFL/EXP/GCC1/GCC2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES# RES JC
TCM
2 RES# TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL# RES JC
ACT#
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

APS/PCC FTFL EXP GCC1/GCC2

• Automatic protection • Fault type and fault location • Experimental channel • Provides a general
switching and protection reporting communication • Used for experiments. communication channel
communication channel channel between any two NEs in
• The specific usage is not
• Querying the status of signal the ODUk frame
limited to the standard.
failure and signal degradation structure (that is, at the
3R regeneration point).

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PSI
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES# RES JC
TCM
2 RES# TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL# RES JC
ACT#
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

0 PT
PSI
1 PT
• Payload structure identifier
Mapping and
• Identifies different OPUk signals.
concatenation
• Different values indicate different payload types. specific overhead

• The 256-byte PSI signal is aligned with the ODU multiframe.

255

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OPUk Payload Type Description
Higher Four Bits Lower Four Bits Hexadecimal Code Remarks
0000 0001 01 Experimental mapping
0000 0010 02 Asynchronous CBR mapping
0000 0011 03 Bit-synchronous CBR mapping
0000 0100 04 ATM mapping
0000 0101 05 GFP mapping
0000 0110 06 Virtual concatenation signal
0001 0001 11 Bit flow mapping that does not use byte timing
0010 0000 20 ODU multiplexing structure
0101 0101 55 Unavailable
0110 0110 66 Unavailable
1000 xxxx 80-8F Reserved for private use
1111 1101 FD NULL test signal mapping
1111 1110 FE PRBS test signal mapping
1111 1111 FF Unavailable

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Evolution of OTN Overhead Bytes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES# RES JC
TCM
2 RES# TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL# RES JC
ACT#
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 OSMC RES RES JC
PM and
2 RES TCM EXP TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 EXP RES JC

3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC

4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO PJO

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 Quiz

1. (Multiple-answer question) Which of the following statements about OTN frame structure and byte
overhead is false? ()
A. Four ODU1 channels can be multiplexed into one ODU2 frame. Therefore, the size of an ODU2 frame is four
times that of an ODU1 frame.

B. When an FAS exception is detected, an OTUk_LOF or ODUk_LOFLOM alarm is reported.

C. GCC0 provides a general communication channel between two OTUk terminations, and GCC1/GCC2 provides a
general communication channel between any two NEs in the ODUk frame structure.

D. The section monitoring overhead is similar to the path monitoring overhead. The section monitoring overhead
monitors the OTUk layer and the channel monitoring overhead monitors the ODUk layer.

46 Huawei Confidential
 Summary

⚫ This chapter describes the OTN frame structure, including the interface structure,
mapping and multiplexing, and definition and application of overhead bytes at
different layers.

47 Huawei Confidential
Thank you. 把数字世界带入每个人、每个家庭、
每个组织，构建万物互联的智能世界。
Bring digital to every person, home, and
organization for a fully connected,
intelligent world.

Copyright©2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All Rights Reserved.

The information in this document may contain predictive

statements including, without limitation, statements regarding
the future financial and operating results, future product
portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that
could cause actual results and developments to differ materially
from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements.
Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose
only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei
may change the information at any time without notice.