ANNUAL REPORT

2016-17

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION
www.mdws.gov.in

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2
Contents
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 Sl. No. Chapter Page No.
Abbreviations i-iii
Executive Summary vi-vii
1 About the Ministry 1-3
1.1 National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) 1
1.2 Swachh Bharat Mission-(Gramin) 1
1.3 Vision 2
1.4 Goal 2
1.5 Objectives 2
1.6 Strategic Plan 3
1.6.1 By Year 2017 3
1.6.2 By Year 2019 3
1.6.3 By Year 2022 3
2 National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) 5-30
2.1 National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) 5-18
2.1.1 Components of the NRDWP 6
2.1.2 Criteria for fund allocation 7
2.1.3 Paradigm Shifts in Rural Drinking Water Sector 7
2.1.4 Current Status 9
2.1.5 Funding in rural water supply 9
2.1.6 Financial performance under NRDWP 10
2.1.7 New initiatives in the 12th Five Year Plan 12
2.1.8 Physical Performance under NRDWP 14
2.1.9 Rising expectations: Goal 14
2.1.10 Annual Action Plans (AAPs): Planning for 2016-17 15
2.1.11 Planning for Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP), Tribal Sub 15
Plan (TSP), Left Wing Extremist (LWE) affected and Minority
Concentrated Districts (MCDs)
2.1.12 Solar dual pumps in Integrated Action Plan (IAP) districts 17
2.1.13 Progress of NRDWP in North Eastern States 18
2.2 Water Quality (WQ) activities 19-30
2.2.1 Setting up of International Centre for Drinking Water Quality 19
(ICDWQ)
2.2.2 Scheme for providing safe drinking water supply through community 19
water purification plants in fluoride and arsenic affected rural
habitations in the country
2.2.3 Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance 21
2.2.4 Water Quality Testing Laboratories 23
2.2.5 Achievements in tackling water quality affected habitations: 23
2.2.6 Hydro-geo-morphological (HGM) maps 25
2.2.7 Assistance to the States on Rural Drinking Water Treatment 28
Technologies
2.2.8 Mitigation of Japanese Encephalitis/Acute Encephalitis (JE/AES) 28
2.2.9 NABL accreditation of laboratories 29
 Sl. No. Chapter Page No.
2.2.10 Support Activities and Monitoring & Evaluation Framework 30
3 Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) 31-74
3.1 Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) 32
3.2 Activities of the SBM-G in North Eastern States 46
3.3 Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP), Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) 48
3.4 Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) 49
3.5 Inter Ministry & Inter-sector collaboration 50
3.6 Convergence of SBM(G) with others Scheme 56
3.7 Monitoring and Evaluation (M & E) under SBM(G) 59
3.8 Human Resource Development (HRD) 61
3.9 Research and Development (R & D) 64
4 Review Meeting/Important conferences/Exhibitions 67
4.1 Review Meetings with State Ministers and Secretary Conference 67
4.2 Information & Communication Technology (ICT) Initiatives 67
5 Administration 75-78
5.1 Organisation 75
5.2 New initiatives taken in the Ministry 76
5.3 Vigilance and RTI/Grievances Redressal Machinery 76
5.4 Progress of Hindi work during 2016-17 77
6 Annexure I to XI 80-101
Annex – I Organization Chart of the Ministry 81
Annex – II(a) Partially Covered Habitation (2015-16) 82
Annex –II(b) Quality Affected Habitation(2015-16) 83
Annex – III(a) Partially Covered Habitation (2016-17, till 31.12.2016) 84

Annex – III(b) Quality Affected Habitation (2016-17, till 31.12.2016) 85

Annex-IV Sanctioned strength of regular posts in the Ministry 86

Annex- V physical progress under SBM(G) during 2015-2016 87
Annex-VI physical progress under SBM(G) during 2016-2017 (upto 88
December, 2016)
Annex-VII State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2015-16 89
Annex- VIII State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2016-17 90
Annex- IX State/UT-wise , ODF declared Villages, GPs, Blocks and District 91
Annex- X Total and SCs /STs IHHLs achievement during 2016-17 upto 31.12- 92
2016
Annex- XI (Report No.28 of 2015- Performance Audit of Total Sanitation 93
Campaign/ Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan Laid in Parliament on 8th
December, 2015)
 Abbreviations

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Abbreviations
AAP Annual Action Plan
APL Above Poverty Line
ARWSP Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme.
ADB Asian Development Bank.
ASHA Accredited Social Health Activist
AES Acute Encephalitis Syndrome
BCC Behaviour Change Communication
BP Block Panchayat
BPL Below Poverty Line
BRC Block Resource Centre
CCDU Communication and Capacity Development Unit
CGWB Central Ground Water Board
CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
CRSP Central Rural Sanitation Programme
CBO Community Based Organization
CPGRAMS Centralized Public Grievances Redressal and Monitoring System
DDP Desert Development Programme
DDWS Department of Drinking Water & Sanitation
DPAP Drought Prone Areas Programme
DRDA District Rural Development Agency
DWSM District Water and Sanitation Mission
ECBI External Capacity Building Initiatives.
EPC Engineering, Procurement & Construction.
FTK Field Test Kits
GoI Government of India
GP Gram Panchayat
GSDA Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency
HADP Hill Areas Development Programme
HGM Hydro-geo-morphological Maps
HRD Human Resource Development
HH Hearing Handicapped.
IAP Integrated Action Plan

i
IRC International Resource Centre
ICDWQ International Centre for Drinking Water Quality
IITF India International Trade Fair
IEC Information, Education & Communication
IHHL Individual Household Latrine
IMIS Integrated Management Information System
IWMP Integrated Watershed Management Programme
IT Information Technology
JE Japanese Encephalitis
KRC Key Resource Centre
IPCD liters per capita per day
LWE Left Wing Extremism
LSK Lump-sum Turn Key
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
MGNREGS Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Generation Scheme
MPR Monthly Progress Report
MNRE Ministry of New & Renewable Energy.
MDG Millennium Development Goal
MIS Monitoring Information System
MCD Minority Concentrated Districts
MVS Multi Village Scheme
MDWS Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
MHM Menstrual Hygiene Management
NEERI National Environment Engineering Research Institute
NES North Eastern States
NFHS National Family Health Survey
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NIC National Informatics Centre
NRDWP National Rural Drinking Water Programme
National Rural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance
NRDWQM & SP
Programme.
NRHM National Rural Health Mission

ii
NRSC National Remote Sensing Centre
NSSO National Sample Survey Organization
NWP National Water Policy
O&M Operation & Management
ODF Open Defecation Free
OLIC Official Language Implementation Committee
O&M Organisation& Management.
OH Orthopedically Handicapped
PC Production Centre
PHED Public Health Engineering Department
PRI Panchayati Raj Institution
R&D Research & Development
R & DAC Research & Development Advisory Committee
RGNDWM Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission
RSM Rural Sanitary Mart
SCSP Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan
SP Swachhta Pakhwada
SAP Swachhta Action Plan
SIP Swachh Iconic Place
SSS Swachh Swastha Sarvatra
SWSM State Water & Sanitation Mission
SBM(G) Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
SHG Self-help Group
SSA Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
TSC Total Sanitation Campaign
UNICEF United Nations Children Fund
UT Union Territory
WSP Water and Sanitation Programme
WSSO Water and Sanitation Support Organisation
ZP Zila Panchayat

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iv
Hon’ble Prime Minister addressing Indosan 2016

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Executive Summary
National Rural Drinking Water access to tap water. In addition, the Ministry
Programme (NRDWP) has taken special steps to address the issue
The importance of ensuring adequate and of water quality in the schemes. A sub-mission
safe drinking water to a nation’s population is programme is being implemented that aims
paramount. With that aim the National Rural to eliminate the problems of water quality, by
Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) was 2020, in about 28,000 habitations affected by
started in 2009, to ensure water availability Arsenic and Fluoride. In the next phase, the
in terms of potability, adequacy, convenience, MoDWS will focus on other contaminants such
affordability and equity. as nitrate, salinity, iron.

The Ministry is currently focusing on To strengthen Integrated Water Resources

tightening supervision of implementation of Management, the Ministry is coordinating the
the programme at the Central level. There is implementation of new Under Graduate and
renewed focus on achieving 100% Piped Water Post Graduate courses focused on holistic
Supply to households in a time bound manner water management at engineering colleges in
through intensive monitoring of the water Madhya Pradesh. These will then be scaled
supply schemes. Consequently, the Ministry across of the country.
has upgraded its Integrated Management Swachh Bharat Mission –
Information System (IMIS) and the focus Gramin
has shifted from habitation wise monitoring Access to safe sanitation and ending of the
approach to a scheme wise one. practice of open defecation is critical for India,
Efforts are underway to strengthen the as it has been linked with several health
implementation of the NRDWP, make it more issues, especially among children. According
outcome oriented and focused on sustainability. to various studies, lack of safe sanitation is a
To ensure that desired outcomes are achieved significant contributor to under five mortality,
in quicker time frame, the Ministry has and is responsible for the physical and cognitive
recommended priority financing of schemes stunting of over 40% of India’s children.
which are in advanced stages of completion This is not allowing a large proportion of our
(those which are 75% and above complete children to achieve their full potential, and is an
and those which are 50%-75% complete). impediment in the overall development of the
country. Open defecation is also a threat to the
About 77 percent of rural habitations in India
safety and dignity of women.
have achieved a fully covered (FC) status (40
litres per capita per day), under the NRDWP, With the aim of achieving an Open Defecation
and 55 percent of the rural population have Free (ODF) and clean India by 2nd October

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2019, the Hon’ble Prime Minister launched the ‹‹ Launch of Swachh Sangrah, a central
Swachh Bharat Mission, focusing on outcomes knowledge management portal
of ODF, instead of outputs of toilet construction.
‹‹ Several national and state level events
The Mission is centered on behavior change
and workshops for BDOs, collectors
and community participation, with the aim of
and Principal Secretaries on sanitation,
making sanitation “everyone’s business”.
technology and Solid and Liquid Waste
Since launch, remarkable progress has been Management
made in accelerating rural sanitation coverage
‹‹ SwachhApp and real-time dashboard are
and creating ODF communities. The rural
available in public domain
sanitation coverage that stood at just 42% at
the start of the Mission, is now over 60%. In ‹‹ National Level Monitors and Independent
FY 2016-17 alone, rural sanitation coverage Verification Agency for central verification
has seen an increase of over eight percentage
2. Inter-Ministerial collaborations
points. As on 1st February 2017, a total of
1,51,451 villages, 85 districts and three states ‹‹ Over 50 Ministries motivated preparing
have been declared ODF (up from 53,973 a Swachhta Action Plan (SAP) with a
villages, 9 districts and one state at the start of budget line
FY 2016-17).
‹‹ 100 Swachh Iconic Places (SIP) to attain
Following are some of the important initiatives the highest levels of Swachhta
undertaken by the Ministry in FY 2016-17:
‹‹ Swachh Swastha Sarvatra, a collaboration
1. Capacity building, knowledge sharing with Ministry of Health and Family
and monitoring: Welfare Collaboration with Department
of School Education and Literacy to
‹‹ T
rainings in Community Led Total
include a chapter on sanitation in schools
Sanitation (CLTS) through Virtual
curriculum and co-curricular activities
Classrooms
‹‹ Collaborations with Ministry of Petroleum
‹‹ Young professionals (Zila Swachh Bharat
and Ministry of Road Transport and
Preraks) are being deployed in all districts
Highways for improving sanitation along
of India sponsored by a leading private
highways
sector philanthropic organization

‹‹ All villages along the banks of the Ganga

being prioritized to be made ODF by 31st
March 2017

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 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION
www.mdws.gov.in
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 1 About
the Ministry
The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation of the First Five Year Plan of the Government
is the nodal Ministry for the overall policy, of India. The Government of India introduced
planning, funding and coordination of the a structured scheme in the form of the Central
flagship programmes of the Government of Rural Sanitation Programme (CRSP) in
India viz. the National Rural Drinking Water 1986 primarily with the objective of providing
Programme(NRDWP) for rural drinking water access to sanitation for all. From 1999, a
supply and the Swachh Bharat Mission “demand driven” approach under the “Total
(Gramin) [SBM(G)] for sanitation in the country. Sanitation Campaign” (TSC) that emphasized
Information, Education and Communication
1.1 National Rural Drinking (IEC), Human Resource Development (HRD),
Water Programme Capacity Development activities to increase
The National Rural Drinking Water Programme awareness among rural Indians andgeneration
(NRDWP) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of demand for sanitary facilities was started.
aimed at providing adequate and safe drinking The “Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan” (NBA) the
water to the rural population of the country. successor programme of the TSC, was
The NRDWP focuses on the creation of the launched from 1.4.2012, and aimed at creating
infrastructure, ensuring service delivery and Nirmal villages. Though these programmes
sustainability of water supply schemes. This has had their successes, there still remained a
resulted in the provision of significant additional large portion of the rural population which did
resources for the water sector. In addition, the not have access to toilets.
NRDWP has created an environment for the
development of infrastructure and capacities The Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) was
for the successful operation of drinking water launched on 2nd October, 2014 by the Hon’ble
supply schemes in rural areas. Prime Minister of India, Shri Narendra Modi.
The focus of the new programme is to move
1.2 Swachh Bharat Mission towards a ‘Swachh Bharat’ by providing
(Gramin) flexibility to State governments (sanitation
Intervention in the rural sanitation sector in India being a State subject), to decide on their
was initially started in the year 1954 as a part implementation policy and mechanisms, taking

1
into account State-specific requirements. at petrol pumps along National Highways - to
This is to enable States to develop an name a few.
Implementation Framework that can utilise the
1.3 Vision of the Ministry
provisions under the Mission effectively and
of Drinking Water and
maximize the impact of the interventions as
Sanitation
per local requirements and conditions.
Safe and adequate drinking water and access
1.2.1 Swachh Bharat Mission (Co- to improved sanitation for all, at all times in
ordination)
rural India.
Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation
(MDWS) has been assigned the additional 1.4 Goal
task of coordinating and convening for the ‹‹ To provide every person with adequate
whole Swachh Bharat Mission. The agenda safe water for drinking, cooking and other
under this role is constantly growing in recent domestic basic needs on a sustainable
months and several special initiatives are basis.
being taken up under this role.Swachhta
‹‹ Attain a clean and Open Defecation Free
Action Plans (SAPs) are being developed
India by 2nd October 2019.
for each Ministry and Department. Swachhta
Pakhwada is being observed by all Ministries 1.5 Objectives
and Departments as per a calendar and a) Enable all households to have access to
under a format. Swachh Iconic Places safe and adequate drinking water within
(SIPs) have been planned and implemented. a reasonable distance.
This additional role requiresmassive social b) Enable communities to monitor their
mobilization and rigorous Inter-Ministry, Inter drinking water sources.
-sector and centre-state coordination. Some c) Ensure potability, reliability, sustainability,
of the coordination work has fast developed convenience, equality and consumers’
into full-fledged projects and programmes, preference with regard to drinking water
monitored by PMO/Cabinet Secretary. MDWS supply. These are to be the guiding
principles while planning for a community
is working with Ministry of Human Resource based water supply system.
Development on school sanitation and student
d) Provide drinking water facility, especially
and curriculum integration; with Ministry of
piped water supply, to Gram Panchayats
Health and Family Welfare to develop Swachh that have achieved ODF status on priority.
PHCs; with Ministry of Women and Child
e) Ensure all government schools and
Development for Swachh Anganwadis and
anganwadis have access to safe drinking
for greater women’s role in Swachh Bharat water.
Mission; with Ministry of Railways for clean
f) Development of conducive environment
railway stations, trains and tracks; and with
for Panchayati Raj Institutions and
Ministry of PNG and Ministry of Road and local communities to manage their own
Transport to create segregated toilet facilities drinking water sources and systems in

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 their villages. 1.6.1 By Year 2017

g) Cover all rural households with sanitation (a) Drinking Water Facilities
facilities in each Gram Panchayat, with an To ensure that
incentive for constructing and using toilet
‹‹ At least 50% of rural households
given to BPL households, identified APL
are provided with adequate and
households including SC/ST, physically
safe piped water supply with at least
handicapped, small and marginal farmers 35% household connections;
and women-headed households.
‹‹ All services meet set standards
h) Follow a cohesive approach of dealing in terms of quality and number of
with sanitation and water supply which hours of supply every day.
would progressively lead to a Swachh
1.6.2 By Year 2019
Bharat and ensure running water
availability to all Government School (a) Rural Sanitation facilities
To attain an Open Defecation Free India
toilets.
by 2nd October 2019.
i) Massive Information Education and
Communication campaigns to promote 1.6.3 By Year 2022

behaviour change and ensure use, (a) Drinking water facilities

sustainability and adequate ‘Operation & To ensure that

Maintenance’ (O&M) of toilets.
‹‹ A
t least 90% of rural households
j) Take up Solid and Liquid Waste are provided with adequate and
Management in all Gram Panchayats. safe piped water supply with at least
80% household connections;
1.6 Strategic Plan
‹‹ A
ll services meet set standards
The Strategic Plans for drinking water supply in terms of quality and number of
and sanitation in rural areas have the following hours of supply every day.
timeline:

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National Rural Drinking
Water Programme (NRDWP)

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 2 National Rural Drinking Water
Programme (NRDWP)
‘Rural drinking water supply’ is a State subject Phase-I of the programme was implemented
and it is also included in the Eleventh Schedule from 2005-06 to 2008-09, the Phase-II was
of the Constitution amongst the subjects that implemented from 2009-10 to 2011-12. Rural
may be entrusted to Panchayats by the States. drinking water is one of the six components of
Thus, the participation of the Panchayati Raj this programme.
Institutions in the rural drinking water supply
2.1 National Rural Drinking
sector is an important area of focus.
Water Programme
Government of India’s major intervention in (NRDWP):
water sector started in 1972-73 through the A revised Programme, the National Rural
Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP), was
(ARWSP) for assisting States/UTs to accelerate launched on 01.04.2009. NRDWP is a centrally
the coverage of drinking water supply in sponsored scheme aimed at providing
‘problem villages’. A Technology Mission adequate and safe drinking water to the rural
was introduced in 1986, with focus on water population of the country. This has resulted in
quality, appropriate technology intervention, the provision of significant additional resources
human resource development support. The to the sector and created an environment for
mission was subsequently renamed as the the development of infrastructure and capacity
Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission for the sustainable supply of safe drinking
(RGNDWM) in 1991. In 1999-2000, Sector water in rural areas.
Reform Projects was started to involve the
Subsequently, the NRDWP was modified in
community in planning, implementation,
2012.Focusing on the redressal of the water
management and monitoring of drinking water
quality related problems, arsenic and fluoride-
schemes which was scaled up in 2002 as the
affected habitations have been accorded
Swajaldhara Programme.
priority, followed by iron, salinity, nitrate and
In 2005, a campaign was launched by the other contaminants. To ensure that habitations
Government of India as a programme to build once provided with drinking water supply
rural water supply infrastructure. While the infrastructure do not slip back and face drinking

5
water problem; sustainability of drinking water sources and systems has been accorded high
priority. To achieve drinking water security at village/ habitation level, conjunctive use of water
i.e. judicious use of rainwater, surface water and ground water has been promoted.

2.1.1 Components of the NRDWP

a) The distribution of allocation under various components at the Central level is as under :
Allocation / NRDWP Central Centre-State sharing pattern
Components Allocation
NE States 10 % As per next table
Other States / UT 73 % As per next table
90:10 for Himalayan States
DDP Area States 10 %
60:40 for others
90:10 for NE and Himalayan States
Water Quality
5% 100:0 for UT
(Earmarked)
50:50 for others
90:10 for NE and Himalayan States
Natural Calamities 2% 100:0 for UT
60:40 for others
Total 100 %

b) Component, Purpose, Distribution and Centre-State Sharing pattern of the NRDWP at the
State level.

Component Purpose Distribution Center-State

of State Sharing pattern
NRDWP
allocation
For providing safe and adequate
drinking water supply to un-served, 90:10 for NE
‹‹
Coverage 47%
partially served and slipped back and Himalayan
habitations States
To provide safe drinking water to
Quality 20%
water quality affected habitations. 100:0 for UT
‹‹
Operation and For expenditure on running, repair
15%
Maintenance and replacement costs of drinking 50:50 for others
‹‹
(Maximum)
(O&M) water supply projects.
To encourage States to achieve
drinking water security at the local 10% 90:10 for NE
‹‹
Sustainability
level through sustainability of (Maximum) and Himalayan
sources and systems. States
Support activities like awareness
Support 5%
generation, training etc. 100:0 for UT
‹‹
Water Quality
For monitoring and surveillance of
Monitoring and 3% 60:40 for others
‹‹
water quality in habitations
Surveillance
Total 100 %

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2.1.2 Criteria for fund allocation

Allocation of the NRDWP funds is carried out on the basis of coverage, quality, sustainability,
O&M, support and WQM&S. The criteria to be followed for fund allocation in the States is as
follows:
Criteria Weightage (in %)
Rural population as per census 40
Rural SC and ST population as per census 10
States under DDP, DPAP, HADP and special category hill
40
States in terms of rural areas
Rural population managing rural drinking water supply schemes
10
weighted by a Management Devolution Index
Total 100
The 10% of the NRDWP budget is allocated to States with Desert Develop Programme (DDP)
areas on the same criteria. The Natural Calamities component is allocated on the basis of
recommendations of Central teams that visit the States in the wake of natural calamities. The
5% Earmarked Water Quality component is allocated to the States on the basis of distribution of
quality affected habitations (with 75% weightage) and high priority districts affected with cases
of JE / AES (25%).

2.1.3 Paradigm Shifts in Rural Drinking Water Sector

Drinking Water Supply Programme& Policies at a Glance
Year Event
The Environment Hygiene Committee (1949) (Bhor Committee) recommended
1949 the provision of safe water supply to cover 90 per cent of India’s population in a
timeframe of 40 years.
1950 The Constitution of India specifies water as a State subject.
National Rural Drinking Water Supply Programme was launched with technical
1969 support from UNICEF and Rs.254.90 crore was spent during this phase with 1.2
million bore wells dug and 17,000 piped water supply schemes provided.
Introduction of the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) by the
1972-73
Government of India to assist States and Union Territories to accelerate the pace
of coverage of drinking water supply.
India as a party to the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade
1981 (1981-1990) declaration sets up a national level Apex Committee to define policies
to achieve the goal of providing safe water to all villages.
The National Drinking Water Mission (NDWM) launched to accelerate the process
1986
of coverage of the country with drinking water.

7
 First National Water Policy drafted by Ministry of Water Resources giving first
1987
priority to drinking water supply.
The National Drinking Water Mission (NDWM) renamed as Rajiv Gandhi National
1991
Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM).
The 73rd Constitution Amendment makes provision for assigning the responsibility
1994
of providing drinking water to the Panchayati Raj Institutions.
• Formation of separate Department of Drinking Water Supply in the Ministry
of Rural Development, Govt. of India.
• For ensuring sustainability of the systems, steps are initiated to institutionalize
community participation in the implementation of rural drinking water supply
schemes through sector reform. Sector Reform ushers in a paradigm shift
from the ‘Government-oriented supply-driven approach’ to the ‘People-
1999 oriented demand driven approach’. The role of the government reoriented
from that of service provider to facilitator.
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) as a part of reform principles initiated in 1999 to
ensure sanitation facilities in rural areas with the specific goal of eradicating the
practice of open defecation. TSC gives strong emphasis on Information, Education
and Communication, Capacity Building and Hygiene Education for effective
behavioural change with involvement of PRIs, CBOs, and NGOs
• Scaling up of sector reform initiated in the form of Swajaldhara Programme.
The National Water Policy revised; priority given to serving villages that did
not have adequate sources of safe water and to improve the level of service
2002 for villages classified as only partially covered.
India commits to the Millennium Development Goals to halve the proportion of
people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation by
2015, from 1990 levels.
The Government of India launches the Bharat Nirman Program, with emphasis
on providing drinking water within a period of five years to 55,069 uncovered
2005 habitations, habitations affected by poor water quality and slipped back habitations
based on 2003 survey. Revised sub Mission launched as component of ARWSP
for focused funding of quality affected habitations.
2007 Pattern of funding under Swajaldhara changed: 50:50 Centre-State shares.
National Rural Drinking Water Programme launched from 1/4/2009 by modifying
2009 the earlier Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme and subsuming earlier
sub Missions, Miscellaneous Schemes and mainstreaming Swajaldhara principles.
Department of Drinking Water Supply renamed as Department of Drinking Water
2010
and Sanitation

8
 Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation upgraded as to the Ministry of
2011
Drinking Water and Sanitation
Twelfth five - year plan focusing on piped water supply with 55 LPCD, earmarking
2012
of 5% funds for coverage of quality affected as well as 60 JE/AES affected districts
Launch of special Programme to address the rural water supply and sanitation
2013
issues of four low income States with collaboration of World Bank.
2014 Focus on Innovationsin rural drinking water
Focus on reforms in NRDWP to make it more outcome. Performance linked
2016 financing of the programme while keeping in mind that States with limited revenues
and average performance are not left behind as well.

2.1.4 Current Status recommended, amongst others, the following

Under the Eleventh Five Year Plan, it was initiatives
decided that the major issues which need (i) the need to increase drinking water
tackling during this period are sustainability, supply service levels in rural areas from
water availability and supply, poor water quality, 40 LPCD (litres per capita per day) to 55
centralized versus decentralized approaches LPCD;
and financing of O&M, cost on equitable basis
with full consideration to ensure equality in (ii) focus on piped water supply, and
regard to gender, socially and economically (iii) Combined focus on drinking water supply
weaker sections of the society, school children, and sanitation.
socially vulnerable groups such as pregnant
and lactating mothers, specially disabled and 2.1.5 Funding for Rural Water Supply
senior citizens etc. The provision/allocation of funds by the Central
and State Governments for Rural Drinking
For the Twelfth Plan period, the Working
Water Supply since the First Five -Year Plan is
Group on Domestic Water and Sanitation has shown in the following table and graph.

Investment in Rural Drinking Water Plan Periods Rs. in Crores

80000
Centre
70000 State

60000

50000

40000

30000

20000

10000

0
X
II st II nd III rd IV th V th VI th VII th VIII th IX th XI th XII th
th(2002-
(1956-61) (1951-56) (1961-66) (1969-74) (1974-79) (1980-85) (1985-90) (1992-97) (1997-02) (2007-12) (2012-17)
07)
0 0 0 34.1 157.17 895.38 1905.64 4139.74 8454.57 16254.42 39191 68786
3 30 48 208 348 1530.17 2471.53 5084.44 10773.11 15102.42 49000

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Physical Progress under NRDWP in Twelfth Plan period (2012-13 to 2016-17)
Year-wise coverage status of Habitations
based on service norm of delivery of 40 litres per capita per day (LPCD)
Total Fully Covered Partially Covered Quality Affected
As on
Nos. Nos. % Nos. % Nos. %
01.04.12 16,66,075 12,31,411 73.9 3,30,504 19.8 1,04,160 6.3
01.04.13 16,92,251 11,61,018 68.6 4,48,439 26.5 82,794 4.9
01.04.14 16,96,664 12,49,695 73.6 3,68,463 21.7 78,506 4.6
01.04.15 17,13,303 12,70,199 74.1 3,76,343 22.0 66,761 3.9
01.04.16 17,14,528 13,06,580 76.2 3,36,871 19.7 71,077 4.1
31.12.16 17,14,528 13,23,079 77.2 3,22,925 18.8 68,524 4.0

‹‹ In the last five years (12th five year plan industry, most of them are beyond
period) from 01.04.2012 till 31.12.2016, the direct control of implementing
the percentage of fully covered agencies of the States.
habitations has increased from 73.9%
‹‹ In the above period, partially covered
to 77.2% (i.e. net increase of 91,668 Nos.
habitations have decreased from 19.8%
of Fully Covered habitations).
to 18.8%.
The following challenges have led to a
‹‹ In the above period, quality affected
slower than expected growth
habitations have decreased from 6.3%
(a) The depletion of ground water to 4.0%.
level due to excessive extraction
by competitive sector such as 2.1.6 Financial progress under the NRDWP
Agriculture / Industry, The financial allocations to the ministry and
expenditure by the States under NRDWP since
(b) Reduction of water bodies and its
2005-06 are as under:
storage capacity due to silting,
‹‹ Financial performance at the national
(c)
Successive droughts and
level is assessed in terms of the fund
inconsistent rains,
releases made under the programme.
(d) Pollution of water bodies because The budget estimates (BE), revised
of increased use of pesticides estimates (RE) and releases under the
/ fertilizers and effluents from 11thand 12th Five-Year Plans are as under:

10
 12000 10500 9700
9250
10000 9000 8500
8000
8000 7300
6400
6000 4560 4373
4060
4000
2000
0
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17*
Budget Estimates 4050 5200 6500 7300 8000 9000 9350 10500 11000 11000 2611 5000
Revised Estimates 4060 4560 6400 7300 8000 9000 8500 10500 9700 9250 4373
Expenditure 4098 4560 6442.76 7298.79 7989.72 8986.74 8493.15 10489.05 9697.27 9242.76 4369.55 3397.65
Expenditure in % of RE 100 100 100 99.98 99.87 99.85 99.91 99.89 99.97 99.92 99.92 67.95

During 2015-16, a revised allocation of Rs. The financial projection at the national level
4,373 crore was provided. Out of this, Rs. for utilization of funds for the remaining three
4369.55 crore was released to States i.e. months (Jan – Mar) of current financial year
utilized at the national level. would be Rs. 2,352.35 crore to accomplish the
proposed final allocation of Rs. 5,750 Crore.
For 2016-17, the BE allocation was Rs. 5,000
Crore. Subsequently, in the revised estimate, a ‹‹ Utilization of funds by the States inthe
sum of Rs. 6,000 Crore has been provisioned corresponding period is tabulated as
for the NRDWP. So far, Rs. 3,397.65 crore have under:
been released to the States as on 31.12.2016.

Expenditure in Rs. Crore of NRDWP Funds

12000
10489
9700
10000 8987 9242.76
8493
7990
8000 7299
6442
6000 5315.75
4560
4098
4000
2207.17
2000

0
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17*
Expenditure 4098 4560 6442 7299 7990 8987 8493 10489 9700 9242.76 5315.75 2207.17

* Upto 31.12.2016

11
Out of the total amount budgeted for the States stand posts.
in the focus areas of Support Activities and in
‹‹ Commencement of the National Water
Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance,
Quality Sub-Mission focused on provision
during 2016-17; an amount of Rs. 237.50 crore
of clean drinking water to Arsenic and
has been allocated under the Support Fund of
Fluoride affected habitations. The Sub-
which Rs. 130.36 crore has been released;
Mission will be monitored intensively
while under WQM&S Rs. 142.48 crore has
through its dedicated website and
been allocated and Rs. 74.57 crore released;
dashboard.
and under Water Quality earmarked funds,
Rs. 237.50 crore has been allocated and Rs. ‹‹ Intensified focus onincreasing
51.98 crore has been released till 31.12.2016. household connections through
extensive IEC (Information Education &
2.1.7 New initiatives in the 12th Five Year Communication).
Plan
‹‹ Solar Energy based Dual Pumps for ‹‹ Enhancement of service levels for rural
Piped Water Supply Scheme (PWSS): water supply from the present norm of
The Ministry in collaboration with 40 LPCD to 55 LPCD for designing of
National Clean Energy Funds (NCEF) systems commensurate to availability of
has supported the installation of 10,000 water sources and funds.
solar energy based dual pumps PWSS in ‹‹ All new drinking water supply schemes to
remote habitations targeted for Integrated be designed, estimated and implemented
Action Plan Districts (IAP). The initiative to take into account life cycle costs and
has been successful and 15,400 solar not just per capita costs.
energy based dual pumps PWSS are
being supported with assistance from ‹‹ Participative planning and implementation
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy of integrated water resource management
(MNRE) in 2016-17 in remote areas practices through water budgeting and
across all States wherein the electricity both supply side and demand side
supply has not reached yet, or it is planning.
irregular.  ‹‹ Earmarking of funds for coverage of
‹‹ Focus is on surface water based schemes SC and ST population concentrated
rather than on hand pumps / tube wells / habitations.
ground water based schemes.This will ‹‹ Priority water supply to LWE areas,
decrease the pressure on ground water Minority areas.
extraction and also ensure potability of
‹‹ ISO 9001:2008: The Ministry of Drinking
water.
Water & Sanitation has been awarded ISO
‹‹ Focus on piped water supply through 9001:2008 certification on 27/09/2015.

12
‹‹ Ministry has implemented e-office aspects and overall satisfaction
dispensing the movement of documents level among the rural population.
and files in physical forms increasing the
‹‹ Strengthening Integrated Water
transparency, accountability and speed
of the work. Resource Management:

‹‹ Third party evaluation of functionality ‹‹ Following the directions of the

of schemes: PMO, a Committee under the
convenorship of Secretary, MDWS
‹‹ Through NITI Aayog, a study has
was formed. The Committee,
been conducted to understand
which consisted of Government
the performance of 50 completed
drinking water supply schemes and Domain experts, deliberated

from 6 States covering at least on various issues pertaining

10 schemes from areas affected to Integrated Water Resource
by Arsenic / Fluoride. The study Management and charted a way
will also assess the model of forward. The committee, in order
Operations & Maintenance, levels to broaden the scope of holistic
of tariff collection, methods of water water education decided to look
treatment, levels of quality and into Integrated Water Resource
status of source of water. There Management and Water education
are encouraging feedback and also
in the country.
some concern.
‹‹ The Committee decided to focus on
‹‹ Further, the Ministry has assigned
strengthening water management
the task of assessing the
and recommended the formation
functionality of the schemes (Single
of a Sub-Committee. The Sub-
Village Schemes & Multi Village
Schemes) to the Quality Council Committee dealing with the
of India (QCI). QCI will study the Rewa Engineering College has
ongoing water supply schemes in prepared draft curricula for, an
5,600 villages and report the on undergraduate subject on IWRM
ground functionality vis-à-vis the as a part of the Civil Engineering
existing data reported on the IMIS. degree; two post-graduate courses

‹‹ Similarly, the Ministry has hired the on Water Engineering and Water
services of a professional agency Management respectively. The
for a regular assessment of ongoing curricula will be implemented at
water supply schemes (National Rewa Engineering College by the
Level Monitoring), service delivery end of March 2017.

13
2.1.8 Physical Performance under the at coverage of 12,978 partially covered and
NRDWP
2,517 quality affected habitations.
For the year 2015-16, against the target of
coverage (40 lpcd) of 47,080 partially covered Considering the current trend of physical
and 9,111 quality affected habitations, the performance, a total of 4,326 partially covered
achievement stood at coverage of 39,399 habitations and 840 quality affected habitations
partially covered and 8,125 quality affected
are estimated to be covered further during
habitations.
remaining three months (Jan-Mar) of the
For the year 2016-17 (till 31 st
December financial year 2016-17.
2016), against the target of coverage of
44,023 partially covered and 12,812 quality The State-wise details are at Annexure-II (a), II
affected habitations, the achievement stood (b), III (a) and III (b).

Rural Habitation Coverage

60000

50000

40000

30000

20000
Target
10000
Coverage
0
2015-16 2016-17* 2015-16 2016-17* 2015-16 2016-17*
Partially Partially Quality Quality
Total Total
Covered Covered Affected Affected
Target 47080 44023 9111 12812 56191 56835
Coverage 39399 12978 8125 2517 47524 15495
* Achievement as on 31.12.2016

2.1.9 Rising
Expectations: Goal
The Ministry’s goal is to
assist the States in meeting
the rising expectations of
the rural people for better
standards of service
delivery in rural drinking
water supply as shown in
the Water Ladder below.

14
2.1.10 Annual Action Plans (AAPs): 2.1.11 Strategy for Scheduled Caste Sub-
Planning for 2016-17 Plan (SCSP), Tribal Sub Plan (TSP),
From the year 2010-11, the State-wise Left Wing Extremist (LWE) affected
and Minority Concentrated Districts
discussions on the Annual Action Plan (AAP) (MCDs)
with each State were carried out. In this
process, States prepared their AAPs, detailing Provision for SCs and STs
the activities that they proposed to take The NRDWP has special provisions to
up during the year, and the financial costs ensure coverage of the Scheduled Caste
that these proposals would entail. Detailed and Scheduled Tribe population with potable
discussions on the State AAPs for 2016-17 water supply. In the criteria for fund allocation
were held in the month of March, 2016 among to States under the NRDWP, the rural SC and
representatives of the Ministry of Drinking ST population of the State has a weightage
Water & Sanitation, Government of India and of 10%. Thus States with higher SC and ST
the State government officials. population get a higher allocation of NRDWP
From the year 2012-13 onwards, the on- funds.
line formats for Annual Action Plan got fully
established and were widely accepted by the
States/UTs. This has resulted in decentralized
outlook to the Annual Plans from the States.
Subsequent to the discussions, modifications
were suggested in the AAPs and action points
identified. States released funds, after their
AAP was prepared and the target habitations
identified on the online IMIS. On the basis of the
AAPs, the States executed the activities under
the NRDWP during the year. The process of
preparing, discussing and implementation To ensure that adequate funds are utilized by
of the AAPs for the NRDWP, provided a the States in SC and ST concentrated areas,
framework for proper targeting and monitoring for the year 2016-17, Rs. 1320 crore (22% of
of the funds provided by the Government of total allocation of Rs. 6000 crore) is earmarked
India. The AAP along with online reporting of for expenditure for SCs and Rs. 600 crore
achievements by the States in the Integrated (10% of total allocation of Rs. 6000 crore) is
Management Information System of the earmarked for expenditure for STs. Out of the
Ministry has significantly strengthened the above mentioned amounts, as on 31.12.2016,
effectiveness of the NRDWP in achieving the Rs.906.61 crore has been released to States
goal of providing safe drinking water for all the for coverage of SC and ST populations.
rural areas of the country.

15
 concentrated habitations, 2,91,577 are Fully
Covered, 59,229 are Partially Covered and
12,880 are quality affected. In 2016-17, 9942
ST concentrated habitations were targeted for
coverage and out of which 8252 habitations
have been covered till 31.12.2016.

The progress in the coverage of SC and ST

concentrated habitations is being intensively
monitored through the Integrated Management
Information System (IMIS) of the Ministry. To
accomplish the above, MDWS has upgraded
its website and IMIS for improving the data
capture and data analysis capabilities.

Provision for minorities

While there is no earmarking of NRDWP
funds for expenditure in minority concentrated
districts, attention is given to coverage of such
habitations in the planning process.

Out of the total 2,34,757 habitations in the

Minority Concentrated Districts (MCDs)
identified by the Ministry of Minority Affairs, as
on 01.04.2016, a total of 1,57,595 habitations
As on 01.04.2016, out of the total 2,05,490 are Fully Covered, 64,621 are Partially Covered
SC concentrated habitations in the country, and 12,541 are Quality affected. In 2016-
1,57,119 habitations are Fully Covered, 39,208 17, 8,579 habitations have been targeted for
are Partially Covered and 9,163 are Quality coverage and 3,376 habitations covered with
affected. In 2016-17, 8,154 SC concentrated potable drinking water supply till 31.12.2016.
habitations were targeted for coverage and
Progress of NRDWP in LWE
3,419 habitations were covered with potable
affected districts
drinking water supply till 31.12.2016.
There are 88 districts which are now
As on 01.04.2016, out of the total 3,63,686 ST categorized as LWE affected districts and

16
identified for the Integrated Action Plan (IAP).
Funds are provided under the IAP to the
District Administration of these districts for
taking up developmental schemes including
water supply projects.

In addition, under the NRDWP, State

Governments have in their Annual Action Plans
prioritized taking up rural water supply projects
in these districts.

2.1.12 Solar dual pumps in Integrated

Action Plan (IAP) districts
The Ministry is collaborating with the National
Clean Energy Fund (NCEF) to install solar
dual pumps in 88 Integrated Action Plan (IAP)
districts of the country. The cost of one solar dual
pump unit is about approx. Rs 5 lakh. The fund
sharing pattern between MDWS and States is
40(NCEF):30 (NRDWP Central):30(NRDWP
State).

Under the Solar Powered dual pump scheme,

a 900 Watt Solar energy based submersible
pump is installed in the bore well which is also
As on 01.04.2016, out of the 17.14 lakh
fitted with a hand pump. The pumped water is
rural habitations in the country, there are
stored in a 5000 litre tank, which is then used
3,43,591 habitations in IAP districts. Out of
to provide piped water supply to each house
these, 2,74,571 habitations are fully covered
through taps.
(79.91%). 59,829 habitations (17.41%) are
partially covered. Further 9,191 habitations This scheme suffices requirement of drinking
(2.67%) are quality affected. water needs of 250 persons. Hand pump is kept
as a standby in the same bore well to ensure
In 2016-17, under the NRDWP, Rs. 271.99
availability of uninterrupted water supply to
crores have been released to State
the population in case of any problems with
governments to IAP districts, targeting 7,294
the solar powered pump. Under this scheme,
habitations for coverage. As on 31.12.2016,
10,571 Nos. solar pumps have been installed.
8001habitations have been covered.

17
 Solar dual pump
2.1.13 Progress of NRDWP in North Eastern States
Under the NRDWP, focus is on the development of infrastructure in the North Eastern States
by providing 10% of national budget allocation to these States. In 2015-16, an amount of Rs.
437.30 crore was provided for rural drinking water supply in the North Eastern States.

State Total rural Status of Coverage Target 2016-17 Achievement

Habitation (As on 01.04.2016) as on 31.12.2016
Fully Partially Quality Partially Quality Partially Quality
Covered Covered Affected covered affected covered affected
Habitation Habitation Habitation Habitation Habitation Habitation Habitation
Arunachal
7577 2849 4673 55 177 11 23 2
Pradesh
Assam 88099 55875 23447 8777 1090 662 98 65
Manipur 2868 2241 627 0 50 0 76 0
Meghalaya 10475 1674 8791 10 100 10 21 0
Mizoram 738 447 291 0 35 0 7 0
Nagaland 1530 731 756 43 38 16 108 0
Sikkim 2084 731 1353 0 40 0 10 0
Tripura 8723 4276 518 3929 41 524 8 131
Total 122094 68824 40456 12814 1571 1223 351 198

18
2.2 Water Quality (WQ) contracted to the construction agency by
activities CPWD, Kolkata and the work is underway. The
estimated civil, structural and electrical costs
2.2.1 Setting up of International Centre for
for the ICDWQ is Rs 96 crore.
Drinking Water Quality (ICDWQ)
The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, 2.2.2 Scheme for providing safe drinking water
Government of India, is setting up an supply through community water purification
International Centre for Drinking Water Quality plants in fluoride and arsenic affected rural
(ICDWQ) at Joka, Diamond Harbour Road, habitations in the country
Kolkata. ICDWQ has been registered as a
The Ministry has prepared a Strategy Plan to
Society under the Societies Registration Act,
provide safe drinking water to 90% of the rural
1860 in New Delhi. The ICDWQ would be fully
population of the country preferably through
funded and administered under the overall
surface water based piped water supply
guidance of the Ministry of Drinking Water and
schemes by the year 2022 as a long-term
Sanitation, Government of India. The proposal
sustainable solution, subject to availability
was approved by Government of India in 2013.
of funds. The National Rural Drinking Water
The basic aim of the Society is to work Programme (NRDWP) funds for supplying
in the area of identification, mitigation and “safe” drinking water in contaminated areas are
management of drinking water quality related being utilized by the States as a policy, mostly
problems in India and abroad, with a focus on for alternate safe Piped Water Supply (PWS)
arsenic and fluoride and to provide inputs for schemes including Multi-village schemes
policy level decision making under the National (MVS).
Rural Drinking Water Programme and in
The Ministry has informed all the States to
the rural drinking water sector in general.
commission surface water based piped water
The Centre will focus mainly on research and
supply schemes in all water quality affected
development activities, assessment of various
habitations as a long term sustainable solution.
treatment technologies, training of people,
However, since commissioning of Piped Water
networking with all related organizations,
Supply projects may take 3-5 years and the
promotion of doctoral and post-doctoral
rural people cannot be put to risk of consuming
studies on drinking water quality issues etc.
contaminated water during this period, all
It will cater to both Rural and urban areas in
States have been advised to install community
India. In addition, the Centre will also assist
water purification plants, in reported arsenic
other Countries in case of need.
and fluoride affected habitations by March
Executive Council (EC) of ICDWQ, in its 4th 2017. This is being done as a short term
meeting held on 24th Aug 2015, decided to immediate measure for providing 8-10 LPCD
hand over the complete design, construction (litre per capita per day) of safe water for
and development activities of ICDWQ to drinking and cooking purposes only.
CPWD, Kolkata. The task has been sub-

19
Since the allocation of the Ministry was reduced habitations and in 188 fluoride affected
during 2015-16, NITI Ayog has released Rs habitations using these funds. Progress on this
1000 crore as a one-time Central assistance aspect will be reviewed continuously and will
for this purpose which also includes funds for improve considerably by March’ 2017.
last mile connectivity of piped water supply
As informed by the States, so far, 8,226 number
schemes in Rajasthan and West Bengal, which
of Community Water Purification Plants, mostly
are respectively affected most by fluoride and
using Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology, have
arsenic contaminations in drinking water.
been reported installed till 31.12.2016 under
Against the funds released with the NRDWP. Most of the RO Plants have been set
recommendation of NITI Aayog, States have up in States of Karnataka (7073) followed by,
not yet updated their information into the online Rajasthan (250), Punjab (245), and Andhra
IMIS (Format-C-40A). As on 31/12/2016, Pradesh (212). Few snapshots of these plants
community water purification plants have been are shown below:
commissioned only in 35 arsenic affected

Fluoride Removal Plant based on Nano-technology,

installed in Thirumanlareddy Palli Vedullacheruvu Gram
Panchayath, Veligandla Block, Prakasam District in
Andhra Pradesh State

Solar Energy based Arsenic Removal Plants installed in Solar Energy based Arsenic Removal Plants installed
Maniktala Mathpara habitation, Sutia gram panchayath, in Gangapur habitation, Mahula-II Gram Panchayat,
Bishnupur village, Gaighata block, North 24 Paraganas Bhabta village, Beldanga block, Murshidabad district
district in West Bengal State in West Bengal State

20
View of RO based Community water purification plant
in Chankoi village, Saroya block, SBS Nagar district of
Punjab State

Solar Energy based Electrolytic Defluoridation plant in View of RO based Community water purification plants
Sargapur village, Seoni District, Madhya Pradesh State in Bodli village, Gehlewal block, Machiwara district of
Punjab State

2.2.3 Water Quality Monitoring & survey, importance of environmental

Surveillance sanitation, etc.
In order to develop the understanding and
2. In each Gram Panchayat,training five
appreciation of safe and clean drinking water
grass root workers, which may be ASHA
amongst rural communities and to enable
workers, Anganwadi workers, science
them to carry out tests to determine the quality
teachers, high school girl children,
of drinking water, the National Rural Drinking
panchayat members, retired army
Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance
officials, etc.
Programme (NRDWQM&SP) was launched in
February, 2006. The programme was aimed at 3. In addition to 5 Gram Panchayat workers,
empowering rural communities by the following 2 persons at the State level, 4 persons
activities: at the District and 5 persons at the Block
1. Creating awareness through Information, level are also to be trained.
Education & Communication (IEC)
4. Provision of water testing kit for each
activities to address ownership of the
Gram Panchayat.
systems, health hazards due to poor
drinking water quality, hygiene, sanitary For the above mentioned purposes, 100%

21
financial assistance has been provided to the
States. Fromthe inception of the Programme No. of FTKs chemical
= 3,523
till 31/12/2016, 4.99 lakh chemical kits, distributed
119.52 lakh bacteriological vials have been
purchased/ supplied, 44.63 lakh rural drinking No. of bacteriological vials
= 2.22 lakh
water sources were tested by using these kits distributed/ Processed
and 34.84 lakh persons (including Grass root
workers in GPs, block & district officials) have No. of persons trained on
= 1.45 lakh
been trained in different States to carry out the using FTKs
water quality tests as per on-line data reported
by the States on IMIS. This helps in keeping No. of Sanitary surveys
= 1,06,251
surveillance on the quality related aspects conducted
of drinking water sources.With effect from
1.4.2009, NRDWQM&SP has been subsumed No. of sources tested using
= 3.71 lakh
in the NRDWP.From 2011-12, a separate FTKs
component of Water Quality Monitoring
Surveillance has been created, for which 3% It is expected that by March’ 2017, about five
of NRDWP funds are allocated. lakh water sources would be tested by the local
people using FTKs and bacteriological vials.
During 2016-17, the following achievements
have been made (till 31.12.2016)

Demonstration of water quality testing by Field Test Kit (FTKs) in Gujarat State

22
 A view of NABL accredited Advanced Drinking water
quality testing laboratory in Mohali, Punjab

Use of Field Test Kit (FTKs) by villagers in Gujarat State

2.2.4 Water Quality Testing Laboratories

The Ministry also provides support in set NABL accredited Vadodara district water quality testing
up of and strengthening of district level and laboratory, Gujarat
sub-divisional laboratories in the States. As
on 31.12.2016, 27 State level laboratories,
729 district laboratories, 279 Block level
laboratories, 1,117 Sub divisional laboratories
and 88 mobile testing laboratories have been
set up by the States/ UTs using funds from 3%
NRWDP funds (on 100% central assistance),
from their own resources and from other
sources. States have carried out testing of
NABL accredited Guntur district water quality testing
21.25 lakh water samples during 2016-17 in laboratory, Andhra Pradesh
these laboratories as reported on IMIS of the 2.2.5 Achievements in addressing water
Ministry as on 31.12.2016. quality affected habitations:
During 2016-17, States had targeted to tackle
All States have been asked to set up district
12,812 quality affected habitations of which
level water quality testing laboratories by
2,553 habitations have been covered till
March’ 2017 wherever such facility is not
31.12.2016. States have been requested to
available. It is expected that by March’ 2017,
cover all the remaining arsenic and fluoride
26 lakh drinking water sources/samples will be
affected rural habitations by March 2017 by
tested.

23
implementing either short term measures to rural habitations covering quality affected
(community water purification plants) or by habitations enroute. Telangana is implementing
implementing long term measures (piped water Telangana Water Supply Grid Project (Mission
supply schemes). The sustainable solution for Bhagiratha) which will cover all their fluoride
water quality affected habitations is to provide affected habitations. States of West Bengal
Piped Water Supply (PWS) preferably using and Madhya Pradesh are also executing mega
safe surface based drinking water sources. water supply projects. Selected snapshots of
Many States have planned Mega Water mega water supply projects are shown below:
Supply Schemes to provide drinking water

Surface Water based scheme in Falta-Mathurapur area in South 24 Paraganas district, West Bengal for arsenic
affected habitations

Execution of Telangana Water Supply Grid Project (Mission Bhagiratha) Construction of Jack Well at SRSP
Reservoir in Telangana State

24
2.2.6 Hydro-Geo-Morphological (HGM) maps through National Remote Sensing Centre,
The Ministry has completed the preparation Hyderabad. Using these maps, States can
of hydro-geo-morphological maps (prospect identify sites for groundwater sources for water
maps without water quality layer) for the supply systems and locations for constructing
entire country. The 4,898 maps on 1:50,000 recharge structures to improve sustainability of
scale have been prepared to assist the States existing water supply sources.

Execution of Telangana Water Supply Grid Project: Construction of Water Treatment Plant at Karimnagar District
in Telangana State

Execution of Telangana Water Supply Grid Project: Laying of pipeline in Mahabubnagar District in Telangana State

25
Creation of GIS (Geographical Information System) layers and a view of the HGM maps of Barhait Block of
Jharkhand State

26
27
Details of Ground Water Committee under the chairmanship of Padma
Prospects Maps Vibhusan Prof. R. A. Mashelkar, Ex. DG-
Ground Water prospect maps have been handed CSIR, and Government of India to recommend
over to States to help them in identifying correct innovative technologies in the field of Rural
sites for production wells and sustainability Drinking Water & Sanitation. The technologies
structures for artificial groundwater recharge. and innovations were vetted by the Standing
Use of these maps along with geo-physical Committee on Technologies on Water and
studies are likely to cut down the failure of bore Sanitation chaired by Prof. R. A. Mashelkar,
wells/ tube wells drastically and also help in in- Ex. DG-CSIR.
situ dilution of certain chemical contaminants. The committee has till daterecommended
The States have been advised to generate about 40 technologies for adoption (30 for
water quality data on a random basis but on drinking water and 10 for sanitation). However,
uniform parameters in each district during the technologies vetted by Prof. Mashelkar
pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons for Committee are only suggestive in nature for the
the same drinking water sources selected. States because the final Decision on choice of
Subsequently the data needs to be sentalong technologies resides solely with the States.
with the GPS coordinates of the source and To assist the States in getting familiarized with
the depth of tube-well so that ground water the latest technologies pertaining to Rural
quality GIS layer could be inserted into the Drinking Water and Sanitation, the Ministry
HGM maps. Many States are in advanced also organized exhibitions, which wereformally
stage of ground water quality mapping (i.e. inaugurated by the Hon’ble Minister for Drinking
insertion of Ground water quality layer in HGM Water and Sanitation and the Hon’ble Minister
maps) and few States are in the process of of State for Drinking Water and Sanitation.
providing relevant data to NRSC. Preparation
of Prospect Maps has been completed and 2.2.8 Mitigation of Japanese Encephalitis/
Acute Encephalitis (JE/AES)
preparation of Water Quality Maps isongoing.
JE/AES was reported from 171 endemic
The Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation
districts in 17 States of India.The National
(MoDWS) signed a Memorandum of
Programme on Prevention and Control of
Understanding (MoU), with Central Ground
Japanese Encephalitis/Acute Encephalitis
Water Board and National Remote Sensing
Syndrome (JE/AES) was started by the Ministry
Centre on 21st September 2015 for joint use
of Health & Family Welfare, Government of
of Geo-spatial Technology in Aquifer Mapping
India. The Health Ministry had identified 60
and Management.
high priority JE/AES districts in five States -
2.2.7 Assistance to the States on Rural Assam, Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and
Drinking Water Treatment Technologies West Bengal, as indicated below:
The Ministry constituted a High Level Technical

28
S. Name of the Number of high powder.
No. State priority JE/AES
districts 7. Disinfecting of all public drinking water
1 Assam 10 sources.
2 Bihar 15
3 Tamil Nadu 5 8. Generation of awareness among the
4 Uttar Pradesh 20 people to consume only safe drinking
5 West Bengal 10 water and also inculcate the habit of
Total 60
boiling water before consuming.
The Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation
9. Apart from these, household based piped
provides funds under the NRDWP-WQMS
water supply schemes from alternate safe
Earmarked Funds (bacteriological) (25% of
surface/ground water sources could also
NRDWP-5% Special Water Quality funds) for
be taken up by States on priority basis as
the high priority districts identified by Ministry
the long term sustainable solution under
of Health & Family Welfare (MoH &FW). A set
67% NRDWP-Coverage and Quality
of detailed guidelines have also been issued
funds.
by the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation
indicating the activities to be undertaken. Major The Ministry has also made a special provision
activities required to be taken up for provision on its online IMIS to monitor the progress of
of safe drinking water in JE/AES affected utilization of NRDWP-WQMS Earmarked
districts are as under: - (bacteriological) funds in the affected States.

1. Sanitary inspection of all sources in the As reported by the States on IMIS of the Ministry
affected areas. as on 31.12.2016, States have spent Rs 44.63
crore (i.e. 58.39 %) of 76.43 crore released to
2. Raising of hand pump platforms.
JE/AES States affected under Water Quality
3. Plugging all the leaks and cracks in the Earmarked (bacteriological) funds.
hand pump platforms and casing pipe.
2.2.9 NABL accreditation of laboratories
4. Proper Solid and Liquid Waste
The Ministry convened a National Orientation
management with clearing of soakage
Workshop for NABL (National Accreditation
pits and drainage channel attached to the
Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories)
hand pumps.
accreditation of Drinking Water Quality Testing
5. Conversion of shallow public hand pumps laboratories on April 10, 2015. Thereafter,
into India Mark-II hand pumps. four Regional level workshopswere organized
to train the identified professionals for NABL
6. Drilling of deep tube-wells, energizing
accreditation.
them with 1 hp motor and pumping water
into stand posts (with at least 4 taps) NABL accreditation of the identified laboratories
constructed nearby and adding bleaching would be taken up in a phased-wise manner.

29
During Phase-I, 30 laboratories from different 2.2.10 Support Activities and Monitoring &
States have been identified for NABL Evaluation Framework:
accreditation. During 2015-16, the Ministry 2.2.10.1 Research and Development Projects
has requested the States to get at-least one
Research and Development in Water &
laboratory accredited by NABL. After reviewing
Sanitation Sector are being promoted
the achievements, during 2016-17, the Ministry
bysanctioning grants-in-aids to premier
has requested that the larger States to get four
research & development Organizations,
laboratories accredited by NABL and smaller
Universities, Colleges, and Autonomous
States to get two laboratories accredited by
Organizationsbased on the recommendations
NABL at the earliest so that the success can be
of Research & Development Advisory
replicated for other laboratories in due course
Committee (RDAC). During 2016-17, the total
of time.
number of ongoing research and development
Till date, 37 applications have been filed projects in Water and Sanitation Sector were
by States for NABL accreditation for State/ twenty one (21) and six (6) respectively. In
district water quality testing laboratories. Out Drinking Water Sector, five (5) projects have
of these, 23 laboratories have been given been completed, 08 (eight) are under process
NABL accreditation and process is ongoing in for formal closure and remaining eight (08)
another 13 laboratories. The proposal of NABL are under progress. In Sanitation Sector, four
accreditation for Dimapur district water quality (04) projects are under process of closure and
testing laboratory has been put on hold as the remaining 02 (two) are under progress.
corrective actions of NCs suggested by NABL
2.2.10.2 Information, Education and
have not been implemented till date.
Communication (IEC)
Under the NRDWP, the major focus has been
providing potable drinking water to all the
population within their premises in the rural
India. To make people aware of the hazards
of the various contaminants in the drinking
water, benefits of saving and judicious use of
the drinking water, Public Service broadcasts
have been organized by the Ministry. These
have been released over All India Radio
and its regional network, Pvt. FM Channels,
Doordarshan and its Regional Channels and
also in the Pvt. Cable and Satellite channels.

A national level workshop was organized on

Towards NABL Accreditation: View of final assessment 3rd January 2017 by the Honorable Minister
of laboratory by officials of NABL in SAS Nagar in State
of Punjab. of Rural Development, Panchayati Raj and

30
Drinking Water and Sanitation, Shri Narendra Unit (CCDU), Public Health Engineering
Singh Tomar. The workshop was focused Departments (PHEDs), Panchayati Raj
on development of a strategy for ensuring Institutions (PRIs), Non-governmental
sustainable 100% Piped Water Supply to Organizations (NGOs) and community
households. organizations on issues and challenges of
NRDW Programme. Key Resource Centres
2.2.10.3 Key Resource Centres (KRCs)
are identified by Ministry of Drinking Water
The Ministry has identified institutions /
& Sanitation based on the track record of
organizations having domain knowledge
national standing, experience, previous work
and expertise in water and selected them
and involvement of the concerned institutions/
as National Key Resource Centres (KRCs).
organizations in the rural drinking water sector.
National Key Resources Centres (NKRC) are
key institutions engaged in capacity building, In total there are 54 Key Resource Centres
reorientation of different stakeholders, in recognized by Ministry of Drinking Water
dissemination of knowledge and information, & Sanitation. Out of these, 11 KRCs work
documentation of best practices etc. to achieve exclusively for drinking water, 7 for sanitation
the sectoral goal of drinking water security in and capacity building and 36 work for both
rural areas. drinking water and sanitation. A total of 29
KRCs provide technical guidance to State Training Programmes and 6 National/Regional
Water & Sanitation Missions (SWSM), Workshops have been taken-up in the year
Communication & Capacity Development 2016-17.

31
 3 Swachh Bharat Mission
(Gramin)
3.1 Swachh Bharat Mission effectiveness of the Programme is predicated
(Gramin) upon generating demand for toilets leading
to their construction and sustained use by
3.1.1 Background
all the household members, leading to Open
The Government launched Swachh Bharat Defecation Free (ODF) communities and
Mission (Gramin) on 2nd October , 2014 villages.It also aims to promote better hygiene
to accelerate efforts to achieve universal behaviour amongst the population and improve
sanitation coverage, improve cleanliness and cleanliness by initiating Solid and Liquid Waste
eliminate open defecation in India by 2nd Management (SLWM) projects in the villages
October 2019.The program is considered of the country. This is to be bolstered with
India’s biggest drive to improve sanitation, adequate implementation capacities in terms
hygiene and cleanliness in the country. The of trained personnel, financial incentives and

32
systems and procedures for planning and making the campaign a Jan Andolan,
monitoring. The emphasis is on stronger focus converging other development schemes with
on behaviour change interventions including sanitation to promote sustainability and having
interpersonal communication; strengthening a robust monitoring and evaluation system to
implementation and delivery mechanisms measure both outputs and outcomes.
down to the GP level; and giving States
In order to address the above challenges, a
flexibility to design delivery mechanisms that
number of measures have been taken/being
take into account local cultures, practices,
taken. These include:
sensibilities and demands.A strong focus is also
on mainstreaming sanitation among various ‹‹ Focus on behavior change: Community
stakeholders – government departments, civil based collective behavior change
society, corporate sector - making it everyone’s has been mentioned as the preferred
business and responsibility. approach, although the States are free
to choose the approach best suited
Hon’ble MOS(DWS), Shri Ramesh C. Jigajinagi
to them. Focus is also on creation of
expressing his views in a National workshop
completely ODF villages, rather than
on Solid and Liquid Waste Management at
only on construction of individual toilets.
Tiruvanataiepuram, Kerala.
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela.Sh.
Sh.Parmeshwaran
Parameswaran
This entails triggering the entire village
Iyer, Secy (DWS) and Sh. Saraswati Prasad,
into changing their behavior rather than
Additional Secretary and others were present.
dealing individually with beneficiaries.
Sanitation is mainly a behavioural issue. It
‹‹ The programme provides flexibility to
involves change of mindset amongst people
the States in implementation. This is
to stop open defecation and to adopt safe
essential, given the vast socio-economic-
sanitation practices. Since this requires
cultural diversity of India, and also from
engagement of community and skill in
the point of view of promoting innovations.
facilitation, the process takes some time.
The challenges pertain to capacity building at ‹‹ There is a greater emphasis on
scale of the implementing machinery in inter- capacity building at scale, especially in
personal communication, continuing focus community approaches and programme
on community involvement and collective management. Various initiatives are being
(i.e. village as a whole) behaviour change, taken to reach out to all the stakeholders
promoting flexibility so that States take a lead with representatives of States and select
and choose approach best suited to them, organizations (called Key Resource
targeting district leadership so that Collectors Centres) being trained. These in turn
lead the programme proactively, targeting are, carrying out trainings at the sub-
important influencers like children, youth, State level. The key official at the district
women, specially abled citizens and faith level-Collector-has been roped in the
leaders, promoting technological innovations, programme to provide leadership at the

33
 district level. They are being exposed to Prof. R.A. Mashelkar that examines all
best practices, both through workshops new technologies from the point of view
and exposure visits. More than 450 of safety and feasibility.
Collectors from across the country have
‹‹ Sanitation is being prioritized amongst
been trained. In order to provide exposure
the overall development agenda. The
to officers at their entry level itself, a
Government has taken a decision
training module has been developed
to prioritize all Centrally Sponsored
for LBSNAA, Mussoorie. The IAS and
Schemes in ODF villages. Various
other Group A probationers are being
other development schemes are being
given training for better implementation
converged with the sanitation outcomes.
of SBM(G), including ‘triggering’ behavior
change in communities. ‹‹ Community managed sanitation system
with focus on solid and liquid management
‹‹ To scale up capacity building in community
as part of the overall mission is being
approaches for field personnel and create
pushed as an equally key component of
an army of motivators on the ground,
the mission
Virtual Classrooms are being organized
with multiple districts being connected ‹‹ Promotion of direct incentive transfer to
to a central trainer virtually, thereby beneficiary is also being promoted by
significantly increasing the number GoI as a best practice
of people trained as well as reducing
‹‹ Fund allocation to States is being linked
resources required per training. These
to ODF achievement and performance
trainings have already been conducted in
to encourage better performing States
7 states in over 50 districts.
as well as to prevent parking of funds at
‹‹ The attempt is to transform the Mission State level
into a jan andolan with the cooperation
‹‹ A young professional called Zila Swachh
of all sections of the society including
Bharat Prerak is being hired for each
the all government departments, NGOs,
district of India, who will support the
Corporates, youth etc. The Panchayats
District Collector in managing and driving
are being actively involved.
the Mission effectively, to speed up
‹‹ There is an emphasis on streamlining implementation. 600 of these Preraks are
administrative and financial procedures, being hired and fully funded by the Tata
both to cut down on time, as well as to Trusts.
increase accountability.
‹‹ In an attempt to make to make sanitation
‹‹ Innovations in technology is being everyone’s business, over 50 Ministries
promoted at the National and State levels. have prepared Swachhta Action Plans
There is a National Committee under (SAP) with a line item in their annual

34
 Mandi’s Mahila Mandals move the district towards ODF plus
Having been declared open defecation free (ODF) in September 2015, Himachal Pradesh’s Mandi District is now
moving towards ODF plus which involves effective management of solid and liquid waste; and adoption of zero
waste principles that reduce waste and increase access to recycling and composting.
In this regard, the district administration has enlisted the support of women’s groups or Mahila Mandals and self-
help groups, according to District Collector, Sandeep Kadam.
Around 4,490 women’s groups numbering about 60,000 to 70,000 women have been involved in a campaign
called Mandi Vikas Abhiyan, its thrust areas being Swachhta Abhiyaan (sanitation), Beti Bachao (celebrating the
girl child) and disaster management, considering the district is prone to floods, landslides, heavy snow fall and
road accidents. The activity based model goes beyond lectures and identification of do’s and don’ts.
“The basic concept is to devote two hours per week on cleanliness activities,” explains the DC. As per the
campaign, all Mahila Mandals are required to undertake one activity per week related to sanitation. The work
involves cleaning of public places – roads, schools, toilets in schools and anganwadis, water tanks and traditional
water bodies, drains, and creating soak pits for disposal of liquid waste, garbage pits, vermi-compost pits, etc.
Mandi has also developed a concept called Swachh Gram. For a gram panchayat to be called a Swachh Gram,
it has to comply with eight well laid out criteria to include segregation of waste; disposal of biodegradable waste;
disposal of non-biodegradable waste with the help of kabadis; encouraging people to have dustbins in cars;
cleanliness of all toilets; among others.
Ever since the commencement of the Mandi Vikas Abhiyaan, nearly two lakh cleaning activities have been
undertaken, and 30,000 soak pits and 15,000 garbage pits were constructed. For all these activities the district
has not paid a single penny towards their costs. “It was a phenomenal show of volunteerism,” Kadam said,
recalling how hard people worked to dig pits, carry stones and cement wherever necessary. Notably, many of
them had even painted and decorated their work, which served as a great source of inspiration.
While interacting with families there, the DC found that neither the 60-70,000 women belonging to the Mahila
Mandals or their families resorted to littering any more. They knew that if they littered, it was a member of their
own family who would have to clean up. Consequently, they think twice or thrice before thrown garbage and that
is evidence of actual behaviour change – a great achievement of the campaign.
Nevertheless, the real outcome of the campaign is empowerment. Kadam said that the campaign has given
women an opportunity for social congregation and social interaction outside their households. He said they
initially they faced huge resistance from their families and the society, having listened to several inspiring stories
of how they overcame the resistance.
Further, in some places the campaign had turned into a fight against some social malaises. Take the case of the
Bungrail Chowk panchayat where women started a fight against their ostracisation during their menstrual cycle
when they literally became untouchables, having to stay in cowsheds during the 3-4 day period. “Women stated
boldly that the practice was against personal hygiene,” the DC said.
In yet another instance, the Swachhta campaign became a war against liquor menace. During their routine
cleaning of public places, women found that the biggest
component of garbage collected was liquor bottles. This led
to women starting the Daru-Bandiabhiyan (liquor ban) in the
Sawamahu Gram Panchayat.
During the entire exercise, hundreds of women were part of
a knowledge network to share updates and best practices.
They learnt how to use internet and whatsapp on their
mobiles o communicate with the district administration.
“This particular campaign was transformed from Abhiyan to
Andolan. Swachhta has become a social movement because
of the participation of women,” he added.

35
 budgets, to mainstream sanitation in their 31st March 2017
respective sectors. At least two Ministries
also organize Swachtha Pakhwadas 3.1.2 Provisions under Swachh Bharat
Mission (Gramin)
every fortnight where they perform
innovative Swachhta related activities

‹‹ Several Inter-ministerial collaborations

are underway, some of which are:

‹‹ With Ministry of Health and Family

Welfare called Swachh Swastha
Sarvatra, to create Community
Health Centres with the highest
levels of Swachhta in each ODF
block, and to prioritize GPs with
such clean Primary Health Centres
for making them ODF

‹‹ With Department of School

Education and Learning to introduce
a chapter on sanitation in school
curriculum and in co-curricular
activities A household toilet built in Andhra Pradesh

‹‹ With Ministry of Youth Affairs and The major components of the SBM (Gramin)
Sports to transform youth from are:-
NCC, NSS and NYKS into sanitation ‹‹ Provision of Individual household latrines:
champions Incentive of Rs. 7200/- and 4800/- for
‹‹ Special initiatives like Swachh Iconic each toilet (Rs. 10800/- and Rs. 1200/- in
Places (SIP) for prioritizing cleanliness case of North Eastern States, Jammu and
and safe sanitation in 100 iconic places Kashmir and Special category States) is
is underway with Ministryof Culture, given by Central and State Government
Ministry of Tourism and PSUs.Work at 10 respectively to BPL households and
of these places has begun as Phase 1, Identified Above Poverty Line (APL)
with detailed action plans being prepared households after they construct and
for each by district authorities, local trusts use toilets. Other APL households are
and global experts motivated to construct toilets with their
own funds or by taking loans from SHGs,
‹‹ All villages along the banks of the Ganga banks, cooperative institutions etc.
are being prioritized to be made ODF by

36
‹‹ Construction of Community Sanitary lakh to be applicable for Gram Panchayats
Complexes (Upto 2 lakh per Community having upto 150/300/500 more than 500
Sanitary Complex). Sharing pattern will households on a Centre and State /GP
be 60:30:10 (Centre: State: Community) sharing ratio of 60:40.

‹‹ 5% of the district project outlay subject to ‹‹ Provision for IEC will be at 8% of total
maximum of Rs. 1.5 crore can be used Project cost, with 3% to be utilised at the
Central level and 5 % at State level
as revolving fund including for funding
the setting up of Rural Sanitary Marts/ ‹‹ Provision for Administrative Cost will be
Production Centres 2% of the Project cost. Sharing pattern
will be 60:40 between Centre and State.
‹‹ Fund for Solid and Liquid Waste
Management. A cap of Rs. 7/12/15/20

3.1.3 Sanitation Coverage

A baseline survey was conducted in 2012-13 by the States/UTs, as per which, the rural sanitation
coverage was 38.76%. At the launch of SBM(G) on 2ndOctober, 2014, the sanitation coverage
was 42.01%. This has increased to 58.75% as on 31.12.2016. Since launch of SBM(G), there
is 16.74 % increase in Sanitation Coverage.

37
State/UT-wise Sanitation Coverage as on 31.12.2016 is given below:-

The Sanitation coverage in the States of Bihar, Jammu & Kashmir, Odisha, Telangana, Uttar
Pradesh, Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Puducherry A & N Islands is below the
national average.

3.1.4 Annual Progress Report - Physical :

The annual physical progress of construction of IHHL-BPLs, IHHL-APLs , IHHL-Total and
Community Sanitary complexes under the SBM(G) in the years 2015-16 and 2016-17 (upto
Dec, 2016) is as below :

Community Sani-
Year IHHL-BPLs IHHL-APLs IHHL-Total
tary Complex
2015-16 5013160 7649564 12662724 1899

2016-17 5153074 7590387 12743551 1327

(Upto Dec, 2016)

State-wise details are at Annexure-V and VI.

38
3.1.5 Annual Financial Progress
The availability of funds under the SBM(G) in 2015-16 and 2016-17 (Upto December 2016) is
as below.

(Amount in Rs. Cr.)

Year Opening Balance Release Total Expenditure

2015-16 2108.84 6362.96 8468.40 9370.47
2016-17 -886.27 7540.86 6657.17 4760.85
(Upto Dec, 2016)
State-wise details are at Annexure –VII &VIII.

3.1.6 Open Defecation Free Villages, Panchayats, Blocks and Districts:

Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation has issued Guidelines for Open Defecation verification
vide letter No-S-11011/3/2015-SBM dated 3rd September, 2015. Total Villages, Gram Panchayats,
Blocks and Districts declared ODF as on 31st December, 2016 is as under :-
ODF declared Villages ODF declared GPs ODF Declared Blocks ODF Declared District
138473 61599 790 75
State-wise details is at Annexure –IX.

3.1.7
Important initiatives / activities Bharat on or before 2nd October,2019.
undertaken in SBM (G) during 2016-17 About 50 persons have participated in
(i) Workshop on Scaling Up Swachh the Workshop. Secretary, MDWS made
Bharat Mission- Gramin on 8-9 April, an opening presentation, highlighting
2016, Udaipur that 13 districts had been declared ODF
by then; however, there was a need to
In order to accelerate the implementation
speed up work to address the remaining
of the Swachh Bharat Mission- Gramin
districts. The States outlined the districts
and to realize the dream of clean India, a
taken up for becoming ODF in 2016-17. It
workshop of senior- level officials of GoI
was agreed that if full support is provided
and all States was organized in Udaipur,
to these districts, many of them can
Rajasthan on the 8th/9th April,2016 under
achieve ODF status within a year. It was
the chairmanship of Secretary- MDWS.
discussed that adequate funds would be
The workshop served as a planning/
provided based on performance. Also,
stock-taking event which brought together
States agreed to provide funds on priority
Secretaries / Principal Secretaries,
to districts slotted for ODF in 2016-17.
Mission Directors, ‘Champions’ and
The issue of parked funds and need for
development partners, all under one
financial streamlining was discussed.
roof to brainstorm on achieving Swachh

39
(ii) National Conclave of Phase-I ‹‹ Key element of SBM(G) is to count
Districts on 1-2 July, 2016 at Raipur, ODF Community not toilets. 171
Chhattisgarh districts have been identified for
making ODF within one year.
Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation,
GoI in consultation with States have ‹‹ Collective Behaviour Change
identified 171 districts that can be made through field-level Triggering
Open Defecation Free (ODF) in Phase-I involving local communities, SHGs
i.e. within the current year or by next year. and Youth is the key.
The Ministry is extending all support to
‹‹ Ministry is scaling up capacity
these districts, so that they can achieve
building and training through Virtual
this goal of others. A close coordination
Classrooms. Intensive monitoring is
with these districts has been initiated
being done through “ODF Saturday”
through Video Conferencing with these
VCs with States and districts.
Collectors along with the State Officials.
These districts have also been allocated (iii) Convention of Gram Panchayats on
to Development Partners such as World Namami Gange on 20th August, 2016
Bank, UNICEF,Tata Trusts, Water Aid at Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
etc. for better support. Full training and
funding support is also being extended to
these districts.

In order to boost these districts, a two days

National Conclave of Phase-I districts
was held on 1-2nd July, 2016 at Raipur,
Chhattisgarh. The main objective of the
conclave was to share the experiences of A Convention of Gram Panchayats
District Magistrates/Deputy Commission/ was organized on 20th August 2016 at
CEO Zilla Parishad and to learn from each Allahabad by Ministry of Drinking Water
other. It was also occasion for participants and Sanitation supported by Ministry of
to see the Chhattisgarh Model of Water Resources&Ganga Rejuvenation.
Community Incentive more closely. Shri The objective of the convention was to
Parameswaran Iyer, Secretary(DWS) make the GPs on the bank of Ganga in the
said that aim of conclave is to learn from State of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar,
each other, discuss successful models Jharkhand and West Bengal, free from
and inspiring each other. Highlights of his open defecation and thus to contribute
address: to the cleaning of Ganga. Approximately
‹‹ Till date, 16 districts have been 2000 representatives from all 5
declared ODF. States participated. Ms. Uma Bharati,

40
 Union Minister of Water Resources, the task of all round cleaning of the Ganga
Shri Narendra Singh Tomar, Union environment of which making the Ganga
Minister of RD, PR and DWS, Shri bank village ODF is one most important
Ramesh Chandappa Jigajinagi, Minister component. Shri Narendra Singh Tomar
of State, Drinking Water and Sanitation, observed that cleaning of Ganga River is
Shri Shyama Charan Gupt, Member a duty of everyone and it has to be done
of Parliament from Allahabad, Minister on priority. Gram Panchayats who had
Panchayati Raj and Minister Food and Civil achieved ODF were specially recognized
Supply from Government of Uttar Pradesh at the convention. The Panchayat
attended the convention and addressed Convention strengthened the connection
the Gram Panchayats representatives. between GP level leadership with the
Shri Parameswaran Iyer, Secretary (DWS) SBM and Namami Gange programmes
and senior officials of the central and State and provided an impetus to the ODF task
governments also participated in the on the banks of Ganga.
convention.
(iv) National Workshop on ODF Verification
The programme started with garlanding and Financial Streamlining on 22nd
of the statue of Chandrashekhar Azad August, 2016 at Jaipur, Rajasthan
and a Swachhta pledge at Alfred Park
A one day national workshop on ODF
followed by the convention at Naini,
verification and financial streamlining was
Allahabad. Ms. Uma Bharti emphasized

41
 organised by the Ministry of Drinking Water State level verification is the final stage in
and Sanitation (MDWS), Government declaring district ODF. It was explained that
of India (GoI), supported by UNICEF, on ODF district is an aggregation of verified
22 August 2016 in Jaipur. The meeting ODF villages, GPs and Blocks. For MDWS,
was chaired by the Secretary, Ministry it is the ODF village / GP which is the unit of
of Drinking Water and Sanitation, measure, which aggregates into ODF block
Government of India. The workshop aimed and district.
to orient State officials including State
(v) India Sanitation Conference-2016
Principal Secretaries, Mission Directors
(Indosan-2016) on 30th September,
- State Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
2016 at New Delhi
(SBM-G), State programme officers and
other stakeholders on the issues relating to India Sanitation Conference-2016
Open Defecation Free (ODF) Verification (Indosan-2016) was organized on 30th
and Financial Streamlining and innovations September, 2016 at Vigyan Bhawan,
towards the same. Implementation issues New Delhi by the Ministry of Drinking
under SBM-G were also discussed. States Water & Sanitation and Ministry of
need to expedite the process of verification, Urban Development. The conference
and therefore need to develop simple was inaugurated by Shri Narendra Modi,
verification mechanisms suiting to their local Hon’ble Prime Minister of India. The
needs to avoid duplication of verification. conference was attended by several Chief

42
 Ministers, Ministers in-charge of Urban rather, something that should become a
Development and Sanitation, senior mass movement.
officials, elected representatives from all
Recalling Mahatma Gandhi’s Satyagraha
districts, municipal commissioners from
to free us from colonial rule, the Prime
all the AMRUT cities, NGOs and private
Minister said that today there has to be
sector. The Prime Minister also felicitated
Swachhagraha to make India free from
best performing districts, institutions
dirt and open defecation. He said re-use
and sanitation champions in 11 different
and recycling have been our habits for a
categories for their spirited work towards
long time. He added that these need to
ensuring cleanliness. Besides taking
be made more technology-driven.
stock of the progress in urban and rural
areas under Swachh Bharat Mission over The Prime Minister congratulated
the last two years, the commitment at the the award winners, and especially
highest political level to ensure a Clean appreciated some of them for succeeding
India by 2019 was renewed. through Jan Bhagidaari.

Speaking at the Conference, the Prime During the day-long INDOSAN

Minister said that while no one likes dirt or conference, various issues like behaviour
dirty surroundings, the habit of cleanliness change, best sanitation practices,
takes some effort to develop. He said Swachh technologies, financing Swachh
children are increasingly conscious about Bharat Mission, inclusive sanitation,
issues regarding cleanliness. This shows cleanliness at 100 iconic places, solid and
that the Swachhta Abhiyan is touching liquid waste management have also been
people’s lives. He added that a healthy discussed. Cabinet Secretary Shri P.K.
competition is now developing among Sinha chaired an Inter-Ministerial Plenary
cities and towns, for promoting cleanliness. Session on ‘Enhancing Convergence for
Swachh Bharat Mission’.
Appreciating the media for its positive role,
the Prime Minister
said that if there is
someone who has
furthered the cause of
cleanliness more than
me, it is the media.
The he emphasized
that cleanliness is
not something to be
achieved by budget
allocations. It is

43
(vi) Women Convention o 9th November, (vii) National IEC Consultation on 11th
2016 at New Delhi November, 2016 at New Delhi
A Swachh Bharat Women’s Convention was The Ministry of Drinking Water and
organized on 9thNovember, 2016 at Sanitation (MoDWS) in partnership
Hotel Hyatt, New Delhi in collaboration with UNICEF organized ‘National IEC
with UNICEF. The Convention was Consultation’ on Nov 11, 2016 at New
inaugurated by Smt. Sumitra Mahajan, Delhi. It was attended by State Principal
Hon’ble Speaker, Lok Sabha. Shri Secretaries, Mission Directors (SBM-
Narender Singh Tomar, Hon’ble Minister, Gramin), SBM State Coordinators
Rural Development, Panchayati Raj and and State IEC Consultant/Officer,
Drinking Water and Sanitation and Shri Development partners and other
Ramesh Chandappa Jigajinagi, Hon’ble resource persons from States and
Minister of State, Drinking Water and Centre. The objective of the consultation
Sanitation graced the occasion. The was to understand the IEC perspective
convention was attended by Women of each State, their approach, strategy,
Champions working in Swachh Bharat experiences, best practices, challenges
Mission (Gramin). The Convention and suggestions. The consultation was
provided a forum for women Champions expected to provide an appropriate
to share their experiences on various platform for States to discuss in detail
issues such as role of sanitation in various issues pertaining to IEC in
women empowerment and gender equity, context of additional Budget for Follow-
issues related to menstrual hygiene up, triggering activities, team expansion
management, issues faced by adolescent etc. and evolve a scientific and systematic
girls, pregnant women differently-abled approach by consensus for enhancing
women etc. the impact of IEC activities for promoting
desirable behaviour change.

44
 Shri Parameswaran Iyer, Secretary,
MoDWS presided over the Consultations.
He underlined the fact that IEC had
emerged as the most critical component
of SBM, as its success depended on
behaviour change. He asked States for
judicious funds utilization in IEC to derive
(viii) Workshop on Open Defecation Free
the maximum benefits. Shri Akshay
(ODF) sustainability on 22nd November,
Rout, OSD presented the National
2016 at New Delhi
IEC/BCC Outlook and highlighted
the importance of IMF (Information + Workshop on Open Defecation Free
Motivation + Facilitation) in bringing the (ODF) sustainability was organized on
desired change. He emphasized on 22nd November, 2016 at India Habitat
accountability and scientific basis for IEC Centre, New Delhi in collaboration with
interventions rather than going for the World Bank. Principal Secretaries/
easy option of generic IEC activities. Shri. Secretaries in-charge of Rural Sanitation
Arun Baroka, Joint Secretary (SBM-G), in States, District Magistrates/Deputy
other senior officials of the Ministry, Commissioners and various Sanitation
development partners and IEC experts Experts participated in the Workshop.
also shared their views. Various States The workshop provided the inputs for
and districts presented their IEC status ODF sustainability guidelines.
reports and success stories. There was a (ix) Swachhta Conference on 21stDecember,
consolidation of views for the next stage 2016 at Mathura
of IEC planning under the Mission.
Swachhta Conference was organized on

45
 21st December, 2016 at Hotel Brijwasi Lands Inn, Mathura in collaboration with World
Bank. Leadership and Management session was taken by Shri Shiv Khera. An interactive
session was also organized with Shri Akshay Kumar, Producer-Actor. Shri Akshay Kumar
is making a Bollywood film named “Toilet- Ek Prem Katha” on sanitation issues. The
Conference was attended by around 70 District Collectors/CEO Zilla Parishad/CDOs
wherein they shared their experiences. On 22nd December, 2016, a field visit was also
organized, where construction of toilets was demonstrated.

3.2 Activities of the SBM(G) in North Eastern States

3.2.1 Performance in North Eastern region
Under Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin), provision of toilets has been made for rural
population in all parts of the Country. However, adequate priority is given for construction
of Individual household latrines in North Eastern States. Under SBM(G), Central:State
share funding pattern is 90:10 for IHHLs built in NE States.

For the year 2016-17, Rs. 1050.00 crore (10% of Total Allocation of Rs. 10500 crore) is
reserved for NE States. The financial and physical progress during 2015-16 and 2016-17
(December, 2016) in North Eastern region is as given below:

46
3.2.2 (a) Financial Status during 2015-16

State-wise, Opening balance, fund released and expenditure reported in NE States during
2015-16 is as under:-

Rs. In crore
S.N. State Opening Balance as Release Total Expenditure
on 1-4-2015

1 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 5.15 38.71 43.86 29.22

2 ASSAM 170.96 474.27 645.23 484.35

3 MANIPUR 4.63 44.19 48.81 53.48

4 MEGHALAYA 37.75 35.65 73.40 56.13

5 MIZORAM 6.99 3.32 10.31 6.66

6 NAGALAND 19.99 10.83 30.82 28.10

7 SIKKIM 4.93 6.12 11.05 5.90

8 TRIPURA 49.76 38.89 88.66 52.89

    300.15 651.99 952.14 716.73

3.2.2 (b) Financial Status during 2016-17 (till Dec. 2016)

State-wise, Opening balance, fund released and expenditure reported in NE States during 2016-
17 (Upto 31-12-2016) is as under:-

Rs. in crore
S.N. State Opening Release Total Expenditure
Balance as
on 1-4-2016
1 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 14.66 23.98 38.65 13.15
2 ASSAM 161.11 240.00 401.14 187.69
3 MANIPUR -4.66 27.28 22.61 3.45
4 MEGHALAYA 17.28 75.70 92.98 24.85
5 MIZORAM 3.64 10.98 14.62 1.89
6 NAGALAND 3.02 32.06 35.18 2.02
7 SIKKIM 5.15 7.04 12.19 1.09
8 TRIPURA 36.07 24.98 61.06 7.21
Total :-   236.27 442.02 678.43 241.35

3.2.3 (a) Physical Progress : 2015-16

47
S.N. State Name IHHL (BPL) IHHL (APL) IHHL Total Sanitary
Complex

1 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 15159 3974 19133 221

2 ASSAM 83811 381726 465537 52
3 MANIPUR 18250 29276 47526 6
4 MEGHALAYA 26243 17886 44129 100
5 MIZORAM 3361 2139 5500 12
6 NAGALAND 21240 1377 22617 164
7 SIKKIM 3639 68 3707 42
8 TRIPURA 13665 47487 61152 30
  Total 185368 483933 669301 627

3.2.3 (b) Physical Progress : 2016-17 (Upto December 2016)

S.N. State Name IHHL (BPL) IHHL (APL) IHHL Total Sanitary
Complex
1 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 11560 2134 13694 66
2 ASSAM 62705 385516 448221 48
3 MANIPUR 12518 17958 30476 0
4 MEGHALAYA 17081 9963 27044 15
5 MIZORAM 1555 738 2293 9
6 NAGALAND 1754 152 1906 7
7 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0
8 TRIPURA 18492 10154 28646 17
Total :-   125665 426615 552280 162

3.3 Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP) and Tribal Sub Plan (TSP)
3.3.1 Provision for SCs and STs

The goal of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) is to achieve universal sanitation coverage
in the entire rural India by the year 2nd October, 2019. This includes provision of toilets
for the entire rural population. Provisioning of sanitation facilities for Schedule Castes/
Schedule Tribes is an important priority under SBM(G). Under the revised guidelines of
SBM(G), provision of incentives has been widened, including APLs belonging to SC and
ST categories w.e.1.4.2012.

Since 2011, 22% of the total allocation is earmarked for Schedule Caste Sub Plan(SCSP)
and 10% of Total allocation for Tribal Sub Plan(TSP).

For the year 2016-17, Rs. 2310 crore (22% of total Allocation of Rs.10500 crore) was
earmarked for SCs and Rs. 1050 crore (10% of total Allocation of Rs.10500 crore) was
earmarked for STs. Out of this, under SCSP Rs.1556.52 crore have already been released
to States, while Rs.677.16 crore have already been released to States under TSP upto

48
 December, 2016. 3.4.2 Ministry has come up with a sanitation
hygiene and communication Strategy
The progress achieved under SBM(G)
(SHACS) in order to provide a
for SCs/STs is also being monitored
broad framework to the States for
through the online monitoring system.
the implementation of IEC activities
Upto December, 2016, out of the total of
to increase awareness among rural
127.43 lakh Individual household latrines
people, generation of demand for
constructed during 2016-17, 21.60 lakh
sanitation facilities and creation of
(16.95%) IHHLs are from SCs families
clean environment. 5% of each district
and 20.77 lakh (16.30%) IHHLs are from
project outlay including 2% for capacity
STs Families. State-wise details are at
building can be utilized for IEC activities
Annexure-X.
aimed at generating effective demand,
3.4 Behaviour Change promoting usage and sustaining the
Communication (BCC) desired behaviour in the long term. The
3.4.1 Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) focus of SHACSs on Inter Personal
is an extremely important component of Communication (IPC) on which 60%
Rural Sanitation programme that lays of the IEC funds is proposed to be
the basis for successful implementation spent. CLTS training as a technical
of the programme. It serves as a communication and a cadre of motivators
platform for informing, educating and as the ground force to trigger behaviour
persuading people to realize their roles, change are seen as key components of
responsibilities and benefits accruing from IEC in the SBM context. The approach in
investing in right sanitation practices. The the implementation of IEC has been to go
best way to create impact has been to for local specific innovation, a high range
follow a holistic approach that empowers of community engagement, intra-State
communities through participatory and inter-State learning and replication
methodologies, which ‘trigger’ the from good practices.
minds of the community members to
3.4.3 Regular cleanliness Campaigns are being
take informed decisions regarding their
organized. Massive media campaigns
sanitation status. The Communication at
have been organized at National level
community level can be supplemented
using Audio Visual (TV) and Audio
by a mass media initiative, which
(Radio). Shri Amitabh Bachchan and Shri
focuses on changing social and cultural
Sachin Tendulkar have been roped into
norms regarding open defecation and
the campaign besides other celebrities
maintaining a clean environment through
and icons from various walks of life.
environment building and reminder
Social media is being used extensively.
services.
There is a national Swachh Bharat Group
on Hike App, with representatives from

49
 all the States and selected districts. awareness efforts in good measure
There is also a Phase 1 collectors
3.5 Inter Ministry & Inter-sector
WhatsApp group which is actively used
collaboration
to share happenings on the field across
3.5.1 Swachh Iconic Places(SIP)
the country on a daily basis. The Ministry
also actively uses social media platforms, As part of the Government’s efforts
such as Twitter (@swachbharat), to achieve a clean India by 2019, and
Facebook (facebook.com/sbmgramin) under the vision of the Honourable Prime
and YouTube (tinyurl.com/sbmgramin). Minister, the Ministry of Drinking Water
The website of the Ministry (www.mdws. and Sanitation is coordinating a high
gov.in) has also been upgraded as a priority multi-stakeholder initiative to clean
medium for real-time cross sharing of up 100 historic, cultural and religious
best practices.Through a national IEC sites in the country under a programme
Consultation and other workshops, efforts named Swachh Iconic Places (SIP).
have been made to maximize the benefits
The initiative is being initially implemented
from IEC interventions and the funds
in ten places. These are: Vaishno Devi
meant for this purpose. Corporates, civil
(J&K), Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in
society organisations and other Ministries
Mumbai (Maharashtra), Taj Mahal (UP),
and departments have joined in SBM

50
 Manikarnika Ghat in Varanasi (UP), of Water Resources, River Development
Tirupati Temple (AP), Golden Temple & Ganga Rejuvenation. The programme
(Punjab), Ajmer Sharif (Rajasthan), involves multiple Ministries mainly
Meenakshi Temple (TN), Kamakhya Ministry of Urban Development and
Temple (Assam) and Jagannath Puri Ministry of Environment, Forests and
(Odisha). Convergence is being done Climate Change (since checking of
with key Ministries/Departments such source pollution and checking industrial
as Urban Development, Culture, and pollution are the major components). A
Tourism for prioritising cleanliness and major role of Ministry of Drinking Water
safe sanitation in these iconic places. and Sanitation is to prioritize the villages
An element of technical expertise has on Ganga bank and work with States for
been obtained from the World Bank. The making them free from Open Defecation
MDWS is constantly coordinating with as part of SBM (G). It is also to take up
the stakeholders through workshops, requisite amount of SLWM work in these
meetings and consultative sessions in villages with due support from MoWR.
the Ministry and at State level to expedite
In the 5 riparian States of the Ganga
the process of implementation of work
i.e. Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh,
plan submitted by the States for each of
Uttarakhand and West Bengal, 1651 GPs
these iconic sites. Ten identifies PSUs are
in 251 Block of 52 Districts have been
supporting the programmes at various
identified as being adjoining the River
locations through their CSR.
Ganga. These GPs comprise of 5169
3.5.2 Namami Gange villages in all, of which 4282 villages are
directly adjoining the Ganga, which have
Namami Ganga is the umbrella
been prioritized to achieve ODF status.
programme coordinated by the Ministry
As per Baseline survey conducted by

51
 States in 2012-13, 15,18,649 households and districts through regular Video
in these GPs did not have toilets. Of Conferences and field visits.
these, a total of 830393 (54.68%)
‹‹ Collaboration is also done with
individual toilets have been constructed
development partners such as World
upto 31.12.2016. As far as achievement
Bank, UNICEF etc. to closely support
of ODF is concerned, of the 4282 villages,
these districts.
2658 (62.07%) villages are ODF. Also in
10 districts, all villages on the banks of ‹‹ A multiple system of verification has
Ganges have been declared ODF. States been initiated to make sure that the ODF
are taking efforts to make these villages implementation is of due quality
ODF by March 2017. The MDWS requires
‹‹ States which have achieved ODF in
Rs. 1421.26 crore for this work. So far Rs.
Namami Gange villages are being asked
578 crore have been transferred to the
to focus on SLWM projects.
MDWS, which in turn has been passed
on to these five States. ‹‹ Regular meetings are being held with
senior-most levels of MoWR for optimum
A series of measures have been taken/
coordination
are being taken to expedite work-
3.5.3 Swachhta Action Plan(SAP)
‹‹ MDWS has nominated a nodal
officer (OSD) to prioritize this work. In line with the vision of the Prime Minister,
the Committee of Secretaries(CoS) under
‹‹ The youth have been involved actively
the chairmanship of Cabinet Secretary
in Namami Gange through Collaboration
on 25thOctober 2016 recommended that
with D/o Youth Affairs and Nehru Yuva
the Swachhta action Plan(SAP) needs to
Kendras.
be prepared for each Ministry. The basic
‹‹ Capacity building- objective of this exercise is to integrate
Swachhta with the core activities
‹‹ Collectors of these districts are being
of Ministries and provide a longer
trained by GoI. Of the 52 districts,
planning and implementation horizon
Collectors of 42 districts have been
to the Swachhta related schemes and
trained so far, and the rest are being
plans of these ministries along with a
prioritized for training.
budget line. An extensive exercise was
‹‹ These districts are being imparted conducted by the MDWS where five
further trainings in Community Led Total teams visited around 50 Ministries to
Sanitation (CLTS) through virtual class facilitate the preparation of these SAPs.
rooms. Virtual classroom trainings have The preparation of SAPs was closely
been held for Bihar, UP and West Bengal monitored by the MDWS and later 50
SAPs received from various Ministries
‹‹ Close coordination with these States

52
 and Departments were presented to CoS and revamped in June 2016. Following the
which had the following features: revamp, there has been a rationalization
of the Pakhwada Calendar, an upgrade
‹‹ Sanitation Action Plan (SAP)
in the quality of events held by the
contained appropriate budget
Ministries and higher dissemination of
proposals.
activities undertaken.
‹‹ Each Ministry/Department has fixed
The Ministry of Drinking Water and
clear goals and mile stones for next
Sanitation (MDWS), as the nodal Ministry
two years and SAPs are prepared
for Swachhta Pakhwada has taken
accordingly.
innovative steps to ensure that the reach
‹‹ Swachhta elements are identified in of cleanliness drives go beyond the
schemes/projects of each Ministry corridors of the Ministry’s Secretariats.
along with earmarked budget The Ministries observing Pakhwada are
provisions. monitored closely using online monitoring
system of Swachhta Samiksha where
The Ministries have shown keen interest
action plans, images, videos related to
and enthusiasm in preparation of their
Swachhta activities are uploaded and
action plans. Most of the activities
shared. Recently Swachhta Samiksha
included in SAPs are innovative and have
was integrated with the MyGov Portal
pan India appeal. After receiving further
which further enhanced the visibility of
inputs from CoS, the Ministry organised
Pakhwada activities. Pakhwada initiatives
a consultative workshop for all Ministries
are also disseminated through Press
to further improve the SAPs submitted by
Conferences conducted by Ministers
them and ensure effective implementation
and Secretaries along with social media
of activities indicated by the Ministries in
outlets like twitter, face book pages of the
their action plans. Swachhta Action Plan
Ministries celebrating Pakhwada. An end
carries the potential of fully mainstreaming
of Pakhwada report is submitted every
Swachhta in all aspects of government’s
month to Cabinet Secretary who keeps
working and holds the promise of a range
reviewing the implementation from time
of sanitation interventions.
to time.
3.5.4 Swachhta Pakhwada (SP)
The Pakhwada Calendar for the year
The Swachhta Pakhwada initiative was 2017(January-December) has been
envisaged by the Prime Minister to keep launched along with the set of consolidated
the Swachh Bharat Mission momentum instructions to the ministries. The action
continuing throughout the year, with the plans uploaded by the Ministries reflect
government sector leading by example. that the activities undertaken during
The initiative was launched in April 2016, Swachhta Pakhwada have pan India

53
 coverage and efforts are made by the all energies and resources in the country
Ministries to reach to the masses during to deliver on the goals of a Swachh
their cleanliness fortnights. A more Bharat by 2019 in line with the Hon’ble
systematic effort by all participating Prime Minister’s vision of transforming
Ministries and involvement of all senior the Mission into a Jan Andolan. 
formations is discernible in observance
As the districts and States continue to
of Pakhwadas. Secretary MDWS and
make strides towards becoming ODF,
OSD MDWS constantly monitor and
they require sustained support. In an
coordinate with other Ministries for
effort to help strengthen the capacities at
successful implementation of Swachhta
the districts and provide them technical
Pakhwada.
and management support, the Ministry
3.5.5 Zila Swachh Bharat Prerak (ZSBP) of Drinking Water and Sanitation in
partnership with the Tata Trusts has
The Ministry of Drinking Water and
decided to offer a cadre of skilled young
Sanitation in its dual role as the overall
professionals to work as Zila Swachh
coordinating Ministry for the Swachh
Bharat Preraks (ZSBPs), one in each
Bharat Mission and as the executing
district, across the country, at no cost to
Ministry of SBM-G, is seeking to harness

54
 the State government or the district.  approach and behavior change etc.
before they take up their assignments.
The role of these young ZSBPs will be to
support the district officials to implement This initiative was officially launched at
SBM-G by coordinating the various an event on 16thDecember, 2016 in New
SBM-G related activities. She/he is being Delhi in the presence of the Minister for
intended to be the key personnel for the RD PR and DWS Shri Narendra Singh
Collector/CEO/CDO/DDO with respect Tomar, Chairman, Tata Trusts Shri Ratan
to SBM-G implementation. In addition Tata, CEO Niti Aayog Shri Amitabh Kant,
to the wider benefits of engaging smart Secretary, MWCD Smt. Leena Nair and
minds in the Mission, this will also ensure Secretary, MDWS Shri Parameswaran
a structured integration of youth in the Iyer. Prominent stakeholders of SBM
programme and bring in fresh ideas, from the corporate world, the States and
energy and enthusiasm to the Mission, districts, the Development partners and
and help accelerate the path to an ODF the media took part in the event. 
India. These personnel will be deployed in
3.5.6 Swachh Swastha Sarvatra (SSS)
phases in about three months’ time. They
will be given thorough training in SBM Swachh Swastha Sarvatra (SSS), an
related issues, particularly on community inter-Union Ministerial joint initiative

55
 between the Ministry of Drinking Water Bharat’ between Ministry of Health
and Sanitation and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the Ministry of
and Family Welfare was launched on Human Resource Development was
29thDecember, 2016 in New Delhi. The also launched on the occasion. Selected
Union Minister of Health and Family, Shri Community Health Centres (CHCs)
J.P.Nadda, Union Minister of Human in the over 700 ODF Blocks are to be
Resource Development, Shri Prakash provided Rs.10 lakhs by Ministry of
Javadekar, Secretary, Ministry of Drinking Health and Family Welfare (MHFW) for
Water and Sanitation and Secretary, enabling them to move to the next higher
Ministry of Health and Family were level of Swachhta parameters. MDWS
present at the launch event along with will prioritize the Gram Panchayats in
other dignitaries and grassroots leaders, which the district level award winning
which commemorated Good Governance 670 PHCs are located for achieving
Day 2016. The objective of the ‘Swachh Open Defecation Free status in the
Swastha Sarvatra’ initiative is to build financial year 2017-18. MDWS will also
on and leverage achievements of two organize training of about 1400 Health
complementary programmes- Swachh Officials (CHCs/PHCs) from the above
Bharat Mission (Gramin) and Kayakalp two categories through UNICEF support.
of the Ministry of Drinking Water and
3.6 Convergence of SBM(G) with
Sanitation and Ministry of Health and
other Schemes
Family Welfare respectively. Another
joint initiative, ‘Swastha Bacche Swastha Under SBM(G) it has now been envisaged

56
that the sanitation programme would be Education Committee and Parent Teacher
implemented in a campaign approach to cover Association about the maintenance of school
the entire community for saturated outcomes and anganwadi toilets and regular discussions
with a view to create Open Defecation Free in schools by teachers with children on
(ODF) Villages. This new approach recognizes sustaining ODF activities ensures an effective
that provision of sanitation facilities has sustainability approach.
multifaceted dimensions ranging from creating
The District Administration holding regular
sanitation infrastructure with a variety of
meetings with Nigrani committees/Natural
technology options to software activities like
leaders/Panchayat representatives who
motivating communities for demand generation
have played critical role in making the village
for toilets through intensive IEC and capacity
ODF, involving them in various development
building programmes. The Government of
activities, felicitating publically Swachhata
India has already taken a decision to prioritise
Champions and instituting award schemes for
all Centrally Sponsored Schemes in ODF
villages that sustain ODF status is the key to a
Villages. Similarly, the State Government can
sustainable ODF community.
take policy decision regarding prioritizing State
Government’s schemes in ODF village. 3.6.1 Integrated Child Development Scheme
(ICDS) Of Ministry of Women and Child
Closer involvement of the Education
Development
Department and Woman and Child
Development Departments is essential. Considering the close linkages between
Regular discussions in the meetings of Village provision of safe drinking water, good sanitation

Hon’ble MOS(DWS), Shri Ramesh C. Jigajinagi interacting with School Children on Safe Sanitation & Hygiene Practices.

57
and child health, the Ministry of Women and 3.6.2 Areas of convergence with Ministry of
Child Development and Ministry of Drinking Rural Development (MRD)
Water and Sanitation are making efforts at
MDWS has undertaken convergence
the Central and State level for greater inter-
initiatives with schemes of Mahatma
sectoral convergence of the programmes of
Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee
MW&CD and MDWS.
Scheme (MGNREGS), Indira Awas
With the launch of SBM(G) on 2nd October, Yojana (IAY) implemented by the Ministry
2014, Anganwadi toilets are to be provided of Rural Development.
by MW&CD with Anganwadi Sevika/Helpers
The components of SBM(G) include
being used as Motivators.
Solid and Liquid Waste Management in
Hon’ble MOS (DWS), Shri Ramesh C. convergence with the Mahatma Gandhi
Jigajinagi interacting with School Children on National Rural Employment Guarantee
Safe Sanitation & Hygiene practices. Scheme (MGNREGS), wherever feasible.

Meghalaya’s Umthli village focuses on community cleaning

It is 7 a.m. on a Saturday morning and the alarm goes off. This is no ordinary alarm. It is a wake-up call with a
special tune that is played on a public address system. A call for the residents of Umthli Village (Khatarshnong
Laitkroh Block) located in the East Khasi Hill District of Meghalaya. The tune summons the entire community
to participate in an hour-long weekly cleaning exercise.

Within minutes, house doors fling open, and families, including children, women and men rush out, armed
with brooms and other cleaning gear. The practice of weekly community cleaning has been followed for quite
some time here, resulting in spick and span surroundings that everyone is proud to call their village. Umthli
is a model village and has 300 households. The primary source of livelihood of these families is farming and
construction. Every house in this village has clean backyards and surroundings, and boasts of storm and
waste-water drains with proper slopes.

The people of Umthli

ensure that cleanliness is
maintained in the village
on a regular basis and
its importance is not
forgotten. While children
make sure that trash
is not littered around,
the women continue to
share the responsibility
by monitoring cleanliness
drives.

58
 As per the Cabinet Approval for Swachh manual scavenger has been prohibited.
Bharat Mission, 2 crore toilets are to be The Ministry of Social Justice and
constructed under MGNREGS/IAY. Only Empowerment is the nodal Ministry
15.81 lakh toilets have been constructed monitoring the implementation of the Act.
upto December, 2016 under MGNREGS. The Census 2011 has reported existence
of 12.76 lakh insanitary latrines in the
3.6.3 Convergence with NRDWP
country, out of which 5.86 lakh dry latrines
It is clear that availability of water reportedly cleaned manually in the rural
is required to keep the toilets clean areas of the country.
and usable. Provisioning of assured
As per revised SBM(G) guidelines any
and sustainable water supply not
existing bucket latrines, if any, has to
only facilitates toilet construction and
be converted to sanitary latrines. The
usage, but also goes a long way in
incentive available to the beneficiary for
incentivizing and motivating people to
this is identical to that of the construction
adopt good sanitation practices including
of individual house hold latrines. States
hand washing before and after meals,
have been requested to take steps for
post defecation, as also maintaining
conversion of existing bucket or dry
cleanliness and proper hygiene within
latrines into sanitary latrines on a priority
and outside houses.
basis in all the villages where insanitary
Thus, availability of enough water for latrines exist and manual scavenging has
sanitation purposes needs to be taken been reported in Census 2011.
into account on priority. A conjoint
States have carried out a Survey on this
approach to water and sanitation is
and they have reported conversion of
being adopted through convergence
1,82,138 insanitary latrines to sanitary
with the National Rural Drinking Water
latrines upto 31.12.2016.
Programme (NRDWP) and the SBM(G).
Villages which have been verified for 3.7 Monitoring and Evaluation
ODF are given priority for Piped Water (M & E) under SBM(G)
Schemes under NRDWP. 3.7.1 The Ministry of Drinking Water &
3.6.4
Ministry of Social Justice and Sanitation has developed a
Empowerment to address manual comprehensive system of monitoring
scavenging the implementation and impact of the
Programme including utilization of funds,
With the promulgation of the Employment through Periodical Progress Reports,
of Manual Scavengers and Construction Performance Review Committee
of Dry latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993, meetings, Area Officer’s Scheme, District
the construction and maintenance of dry Level Monitoring and Vigilance and
latrines and employing someone as a

59
 Monitoring Committees at the State/ 3.7.3 A module for monitoring ODF is also
District Level. Besides, the States have available on the IMIS. Further, the IMIS
been advised to adopt a five-pronged provides for a module, whereby, the
strategy consisting of (i) creation of States/districts can transfer incentive
awareness about the schemes, (ii) fund directly to the community as a
transparency, (iii) People’s participation, whole, as per the flexibility provided
(iv) accountability/ social audit and (v) to the States. A dashboard has been
strict vigilance and monitoring at all designed that reflects real time data on
levels. These measures are to help in SBM progress on it (sbm.gov.in/sbmd).
maximum utilization of funds under the A mobile application called SwachhApp,
rural development schemes. containing beneficiary-level data from
all villages of the country is available on
3.7.2
Comprehensive web-based online
Android and iOS. Citizens can also rank
monitoring systems for SBM(G) are in
villages on Swachhta on the SwachhApp.
place. The Online Monitoring System
of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) 3.7.4
Village Swachhata Index has been
is being strengthened for entering defined to measure the cleanliness level of
households level data gathered from villages. This includes factors like access
the Baseline Survey. This is an attempt to safe toilets and also whether there is
to begin household level monitoring of visible cleanliness around households
the sanitation coverage and increase and public places. This is measured by
transparency. Further to keep pace with determining the % of households having
the modern IT tools, provision is now access to safe toilets, % of households
available to send automatic reminders on having no litter around them, % of
identified dates to State Secretaries and houses having no stagnant waste water
SBM(G) Coordinators of each district to around them and % of public places
report physical and financial progress by having no litter around them. The public
the due dates. Provision has also been places include schools, anganwadis,
made to issue SMSs to field functionaries hospitals, etc. The IMIS enables villages
and State Secretaries on group messages to determine their own Village Swachhta
to be sent through online monitoring Index in a Gram Sabha and take steps to
system. An online automated sms system improve their cleanliness level.
to communicate with beneficiaries and
3.7.5 A dashboard has been developed for the
an online complaint redressal system is
Members of Parliament, to help them
being put in place. A Mobile application
track the status of water and sanitation in
for uploading photographs of toilets
their constituencies. This will be launched
constructed after 2nd October 2014 has
by 1st February, 2017.
been launched. The photographs are
geo- tagged. 3.7.6 Periodic review meetings are conducted

60
 to review the physical and financial 3.8 Human Resource
progress in the implementation of Development (HRD)
schemes in all the States. Beside review 3.8.1
Water and Sanitation Support
meetings, regular video conferences Organizations (WSSOs) have been set
are also organized to review progress up at the State level to provide capacity
of SBM (G) and to suggest corrective building support to various levels for
measures wherever required to achieve the implementation of the programme.
physical and financial objectives. The Communication and Capacity
National Level Monitors (NLM) are also Development Unit (CCDU) which function
being instituted to carry out sample based under the Water and Sanitation Support
primary field assessments of water and organization develops communication
sanitation parameters for the MDWS. An campaigns for the State, and districts
Independent Verification Agency (IVA) focusing on critical messages to change
is also being hired to carry out sample the behaviour of communities.
based checks of sanitation coverage and
ODF status across the country.In addition 3.8.2 Implementation of the new programme
to these, senior officers from GoI regularly requires renewed emphasis on capacity
visit the States lagging behind in the building, both of the programme managers
pace of implementation of the scheme as well as the implementers in the field.
to expedite their implementation so as to The State and district officials, especially
achieve the project objectives within the the Collectors/CEOs of Zilla Panchayats
stipulated period. Some of these visits (district level local government body) need
are in the form of state Missions with to be trained in the various approaches,
multiple teams of senior officers from especially community approaches
MDWS visiting multiple districts. and triggering for collective behaviour
change. This has been started through
3.7.7
In order to get a quick feedback on a series of workshops for the Collectors
innovations in addressing various (the key district level official) -and more
implementation challenges, Rapid Action than one-third Collectors have already
and Learning Unit (RALU) has been been trained so far through the Central
constituted at the National level and Government. Besides, workshops are
similar RALUs are being constituted at being carried out at the State and regional
the State levels. The RALUs are small, levels for expanding these capacities.
flexible and specialized units to provide The elected representatives are also
advice on corrective action and to being involved in various orientation/
upscale good practices. They are also training programmes. Cross visits
to find quick and effective solutions and between different districts is also being
develop, share and spread those based organized. In order to ensure sustained
on actual working in the field.

61
 engagement of trained motivators, jointly rolled out to districts along the
appropriate incentive mechanisms to link banks of the Ganga in Uttar Pradesh,
their work with outcomes are also being Bihar and West Bengal, and also districts
put into place by several States. in Mizoram and Punjab.

3.8.3 CLTS trainings have been imparted to 3.8.4 13 Training programme for District
groups of field level motivators and district Magistrate/Deputy Commissioner/CEOs
functionaries through Virtual Classrooms, Zila Parishad on Swachh Bharat Mission
with each training being imparted in was organized during 2016-17. 339 DMs/
parallel to several districts. The first DCs/CEOs Zila Parishad from various
pilot was organized in Gujaratwith two States participated wherein strategies
districts being connected simultaneously and action Plans were discussed and
to a central trainer in Ahmedabad with the formulated to attain Open Defecation
support of the Tata Trusts. On successful Free status by 2nd October, 2019. The
completion of this pilot, the model was details is as under:-

Sl No Date Number of Participants Venue

1 4-5th April, 2016 24 IIPA, New Delhi
2 12-13th May, 2016 25 IIPA, New Delhi
3 16 – 17th May, 2016 15 IIPA, New Delhi
4 20-21st June, 2016 28 IIC, New Delhi
5 18-19th July, 2016 49 IIC, New Delhi
6 16 -17th August,2016 15 IIC, New Delhi
7 30-31st August, 2016 29 IIC, New Delhi
8 26-27thSeptember, 2016 21 IIC, New Delhi
9 20-21st October, 2016 27 IIC, New Delhi
10 24-25th October, 2016 24 IIC, New Delhi
11 7-8th November,2016 29 IIC, New Delhi
12 15-16th November, 2016 22 IIC, New Delhi
13 19-20th December,2016 31 IIC, New Delhi
TOTAL 339

3.8.5 In order to replicate the necessary skills, certain organizations, as recommended by the
State Governments, are being empanelled as the Key Resource Centres (KRCs) and
given the necessary orientation, so that they in turn, can scale up the capacity building
programme in the respective States. The work of these KRCs is being streamlined, and
better coordination attempted between them, and the States. A mechanism is also being
put in place to ensure that these trainings have appropriate forward linkages that result in
up-scaling of capacities, engagement of trained personnel, and their appropriate utilization.
The Following other training/Workshops have been organized during 2016-17:-

62
Other Trainings/Conclaves/Events

Sl No Name of the Training Date Venue No of

Participants
1 Training to the Probationers of 7-8th May,2016 Mussorrie 180
LBSNAA
2 Virtual Trainings – Covering 44 April – November, 2016 44 Districts/5 2309
Districts and 5 States States
3 Orientation to the State and 19-20th November,2016 Port Blair 30
District Officials of A& Nicobar ,
UT on SBM-G
6 State Level workshop - 14th September, 2016 Ranchi 300
Jharkhand

Mother-in-law gifts toilet to her daughter-in-law

When Shajahan’s marriage was arranged, his mother Shamshun decided to have a toilet constructed in their
home so that her daughter-in-law, Shalma, did not have to suffer like she did.

“I never had access to a toilet in my father’s home, nor in my in-laws’ home,” said Shamshun, remembering the
difficulties she had to endure while defecating in the open. “I cannot even talk about the monsoon months and
the hardships that the season represented for us women – to answer nature’s call,” said Shamshun. In Gram
Panchayat Bollavaram of Guntur district, where Shamshun lives with her family, defecating in the open was a
common practice until eight months ago. For residents, it meant walking long distances for relieving themselves.

To her, it was even more humiliating when several of her relatives who visited her home never stayed longer than
12 hours owing to the discomfort of defecating in the open. It was particularly shameful for her when a relative of
hers who was visiting from Dubai declined her invitation to stay overnight at her home because of the absence
of a toilet.

When Shamshun heard that the Swachh Bharat Mission was being implemented in her village, she attended the
meetings conducted by the district administration and decided to have a toilet built, using the incentive provided
under the scheme. “I gathered all the information I could about the construction and disbursement of incentive
amount through installments,” she said.

In addition, Shamshun put in Rs. 4,000

from her own side and got the toilet
construction completed well before her
son’s wedding. The entire family uses
the facility now. Moreover, with Shalma
pregnant today, Shamshun wants to be
extra careful about hygiene and safety.

“I do not want to put her health at risk,”

says Shamshun. Now she is planning
to ask Shalma’s parents to construct a
toilet as well, for the convenience and
health of Shalma and the entire family.

63
3.9 Research and Development (R & D)
3.9.1 To further Research & Development in the field of Sanitation, 100% funding to research
organizations including NGOs is given by the Central Government. A Research Advisory
Committee under the Chairpersonship of Secretary (DWS) has been constituted primarily
to promote research and development activities for the Sanitation. The major areas for
Research & Development in sanitation include technological and programmatic area.

3.9.2 To strengthen the R&D facilities in the concerned Departments in various States, State
Governments are encouraged to establish R&D cells with adequate manpower and
infrastructure. R&D Cells are required to remain in touch with premier Technical Institutions
within the State. The network of Technical Institutions may follow the guidelines issued by
the Ministry from time to time for effective implementation of the rural sanitation programme.
R&D Cells are also required to be in constant touch with the Monitoring & Investigation
divisions and the Monitoring & Evaluation Study Reports for initiating appropriate follow up
action.

The list of R & D projects approved during 2016-17 under the SBM (G) are as under:-

S.No Name of Project Name of Institution Status

1. Study on the enhancement Society for Interim report submitted on
of the efficiency of Community 09.04.16 and project under
Biomethonization plant using Organization and progress .To be completed by 25th
Cow Dung, Kitchen waste, People’s Education, April.2017
food waste and human waste. Thiruchirappalli,
Tamil Nadu
2. A study on the construction of Thiagarajar College Interim report submitted on
low cost hygienic rural toilet of Engineering, 10.08.16 and project under
using prefabricated structure Madurai, Tamil progress to be completed by
made up on waste plastic Nadu 01.12.16.
stone block (Plastone)
3. Making Sanitation and toilets Society for Disability Draft report submitted on dated
inclusive for persons with and Rehabilitation 18.07.16. After examining the
disability in India. A study with Studies report a letter issued on dated
special reference to Andhra 29.09.16 to re-submit the draft
Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, project report after rectifying the
Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan information in the letter
and Uttar Pradesh.

64
S.No Name of Project Name of Institution Status
4. Development of appropriate Sri Sai Ram Letter issued on dated12.09.16 to
rural sanitation the sludge Engineering submit the interim report and other
treatment College, related report.

Project under progress .To be

completed by 28th August 2017
5. Phytoremediation of water IIT Delhi As per request of Dr. Anushree
through wet land development Malik, Secretary MDWS granted
in Rural habitation, Mubarakpur the Extension of time till 30th
(Haryana) September 2016.

The final report is Submitted from

the PI.
6. R&D project stabilization Rural Development Interim reports submitted on
of ponds in Anand District, Foundation, Anand, dated 28.08.15, after examining
Gujarat by Rural Development Gujarat the project proposal, certain
foundation, Anand, Gujarat. observation were conveyed to
F.No. W-11042/46/2013-NBA. the firm for clarification. The
clarification so submitted by the
Shri. Pranay Shukla
agency did not find satisfying
latest reminder issued on dated
5th September 2016. Reply of the
MDWS letter has been received,
but which is not satisfactory.

65
Sh. Narendra Singh Tomar, Hon’ble Minister for RD, PR & DWS with Sh. Ramesh C. Jigajinagi, Hon’ble
MOS (DWS), during Stakeholder’s Consultation Workshop on ‘Har Ghar Jal’ in New Delhi.

66
 4 Review Meetings/Important
Conferences/Exhibitions
4.1 Review Meetings with State entire rural population with pipe water
Ministers and Secretaries supply and (b) to understand the existing
Conference strategy in terms of O&M, replacement
of infrastructure after completion of
� National Workshop for review of NRDWP
designed life, tariff collection, various
and brainstorming for its reforms at Vigyan
type of sustainability. This is to make
Bhawan was held carried on 09.09.2016
strategic plan of rural water supply in
and 10.09.2016. The Secretary (DWS)
present scenario.
has chaired the same. Officers of the
ministry and Principal Secretaries / � National Workshop on Stakeholder’s
Secretaries / Chief Engineers from consultation on ‘Har Ghar Jal’ was held
all the States had participated in the on 03.01.2017 which aims to provide
workshop and discussed various issues house hold connections to each house
for progressing the implementation of which may require investment of around
NRDWP. In the meeting, the proposed Rs. 5 lakh crores.
changes in the NRDWP guidelines have
also being deliberated.
4.2 Information &
Communication Technology
� National Consultation on Reforms in (ICT) Initiatives
Rural Piped Drinking Water Supply has 4.2.1 Ministry’s Website
been held on 10.11.2016 in the ministry
wherein State governments, external Website of Ministry of Drinking Water
institution and development partners and Sanitation has been designed,
have deliberated the issues. developed and maintained with the help
of NIC as per GIGW (Guidelines for
� One to One consultation with each State Indian Government Website) standards.
is continuing since 24.10.2016 to (a) This website has information of ministry‘s
assess the requirements of funds to cover guidelines, letters, circulars, a citizen’s

67
 corner and includes
Archival features. All
the circulars issued to
States and important
information for citizens
are being uploaded
on website. The
information on website
is categorized as:-

(i) Document and

Reports.
(ii) Events.
(iii) Tenders.
(iv) Letters and
Circulars
(v) Publications
(vi) Recruitment
(vii) Other Programme
related links

One of the salient

features of the website
is the Innovations portal
in which citizens can
showcase Innovations,
Products and
Technologies and apply
for accreditation. Another
important section is the
Public Grievances portal
in which citizens can
register their grievances
related to Drinking water
and sanitation, which are
automatically redirected
to the concerned field
official for redressal.

68
The following ICT initiative were taken by lakh drinking water supply schemes
Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation in which includes both Piped Water Supply
collaboration with NIC, to improve efficiency schemes, stand posts/taps and spot
and transparency in work. sources like open wells, hand pumps etc.
1. Implementation of e-Office solution – The status of Quality affected habitations
eFile movement, eLeave and eTour and population and its coverage with safe
and Knowledge Management modules , potable water is regularly monitored on
Inventory , eVisitor this platform. The system also provides
a platform to the district and block water
2. Regular Video Conferences with State line testing laboratories to upload the water
departments and implementing agencies sample test reports. An average of 35 lakh
to monitor programme implementation test reports are uploaded annually. Some
and impart training to District Collectors, of the salient features of the system are
filed level officials and staff by experts on listed below.`
various subjects like Community Led Total
Sanitation, Use of IMIS and Knowledge ‹‹ P
rovides near to real time coverage
Management system, to name a few. status of a particular habitation
available with water supply assets
3. Implementation of eProcurement system created within that habitation and
within the ministry and it all the line their functionality status, thereby
department of States promoting transparency.
4. Implementation of Grievances monitoring ‹‹ A
llows viewing of the quality status
system in water and sanitation sector of a source to find out if safe potable
using web based and mobile applications water is available in a particular
5. Using of ICT in meetings, seminars and habitation
national workshops etc. ‹‹ F
acilitates the monitoring of the
6. Leveraging ICT in Swachh Bharat covered habitations which have
Mission-Gramin (SBM-G) and Rural slipped back to uncovered status
Drinking Water Programme again
Leveraging ICT in Drinking Water
‹‹ H
elps in elimination of repeated
Programme
investments in some habitations
The Integrated Management Information
while other uncovered / difficult
System (IMIS) facilitates the Ministry
habitations remain deprived.
and the line departments to monitor
the coverage status of rural habitations ‹‹ A
chieves high transparency through
and population with potable drinking user-friendly reports available in
water. The system has details of 16 public domain.
lakh+ habitations and more than 60

69
 ‹‹ C
reates an interaction between the government and the PRIs as both can monitor the
community-based programs and the status of water supply assets handed over to the
PRIs

Figure below shows a screen shot of the IMIS

4.2.2 Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) – the Centre, State, District, Block and
Management Information System (MIS) Gram Panchayat to monitor the progress
of construction of toilets for Individual
The Ministry has deployed a
household and community sanitary
comprehensive and robust online
complexes.
monitoring system for SBM-G. Household
level data with respect to sanitation SBM-G MIS captures the household
facilities of all Gram Panchayats in the data of over 18 crore households as per
country is made available on the MIS the baseline survey. Individual mobile
by State Governments on the basis of number is used to generate SMS once
Baseline Survey of 2012-13. the construction of toilet is reported on
online system. Beneficiary can revert
The main focus of MIS is to track the toilet
back / reply through SMS on whether
construction and its usage. The MIS is
toilet has been constructed in his/her
also being upgraded to enable reporting
house.
of creation of ODF communities and their
sustenance as well. The system enables SBM-G dashboard has also been

70
 developed to monitor the programme implementation at National, State and District level
progress/coverage in graphical view with various KPIs for tracking IHHL and ODF status.
This also shows the progress of the program on the interactive maps since its launch.

Figure shows snapshot of the SBM-G dashboard

4.2.3 Design/ Development/Implementation of to generate daily basis SMS alerts and
Mobile Applications sent to Ministry officials for monitoring
of daily MPR reported individual
i) SwachhApp and mobile technology in
household’s data along with number
SBM-G
of IHHL toilet photographs uploaded
A Mobile application (SwachhApp) has of IHHL toilet constructed through
been developed for tracking the current mSBM app. The system facilitates
sanitation status up to village level along the uploading of photographs of toilets
with details of beneficiaries. Mobile App using mobile application (both online
is used for tracking real time sanitation and offline mode along with latitude –
coverage in percentage, number of longitude & usage of toilets).So far more
open defecation free villages, and list of than 60 lakhs photographs of toilets
beneficiaries in each village. This App constructed have been uploaded by
is also being used to rate the village mobile users using mobile applications.
based on cleanliness and SLWM index SMS based grievance redressal and
developed by the Ministry of Drinking citizen information services are available
Water and Sanitation. This mobile app for citizens to lodge grievances, seek
is capable of running on all the mobiles beneficiary feedback, capture data
(Android / Windows / iOS based devices). on toilet usage, and promote demand
SMS and email automation is also used generation.

71
ii) Mobile App for Rural Water Sector (mRWS)

A Mobile application (mRWS) has been developed for capturing the GPS co-ordinates
of Rural Water Supply assets and their functionality status.This mobile app is capable of
running on all the mobiles (Android / Windows / iOS based devices). Apart from giving real
time functionality status of water supply schemes this app can also be used for capturing
photographs and locations of scheme assets at different stages of development for ongoing
water supply schemes and the stages of physical completion.

Screen shot of web interface for technical support to users of mRWS app.

The data received though this app is directly updated on the online database. The same
has been provided on GIS interface. Screen shot below shows the GPS data for a mega
Water Supply scheme in Tamil Nadu.

72
4.2.4 Other NEW INITIATIVES process. The application also integrates
the process of approval by the Mashelkar
i) Implementation of Bio-Metric
Committee and has proved to be of
attendance system
immense utility for the capturing and
ii) Innovations portal dissemination of innovative technology
and processes. Till September 2016,
The Ministry has developed and deployed
a total of 48 technologies have been
a portal for Innovations in rural water
accredited by the Mashelkar Committee
and sanitation domain. It captures both
and 39 proven technologies have been
technological and process innovations
approved by the Ministry for the water
and has a work flow based approval
and sanitation domain.

Screen shot of the portal

73
74
 5 Administration

5.1 Organisation of Drinking Water & Sanitation w.e.f. 01.06.2016

The Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation Shri Satyabrata Sahu, IAS (OR:91) took over
was created as separate Ministry on 13th July, the charge of the post of Joint Secretary in the
2011 Ministry is headed by Union Minister and Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation w.e.f.
is assisted by Minister of State, Secretary, 20.05.2013 .
Additional Secretary, two Joint Secretaries,
Shri Samir Kumar, IES (1995) took over the
DDG (Statistics) & Economic Adviser.
charge of the post of Economic Adviser in
Shri Narendra Singh Tomar assumed charge Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation w.e.f.
as the Minister of Rural Development, Ministry 03.06.2016.
of Panchayati Raj and Ministry of Drinking
Shri Hiranya Borah, ISS (1985) took over the
Water & Sanitation on 06.07.2016.
charge of the post of Deputy Director General
Shri Ramesh C. Jigajinagi assumed charge (Statistics) in Ministry of Drinking Water &
as the Minister of State for Ministry of Drinking Sanitation w.e.f. 28.06.2016.
Water & Sanitation on 06.07.2016.
The Sanctioned strength of regular posts in the
Shri Parameswaran Iyer, took over the charge Ministry is 136 (Annexure IV) &Organizational
of the post of Secretary, Ministry of Drinking Chart is at Annexure I
Water & Sanitation w.e.f.01.03.2016.
Reservation for SCs, STs & OBCs
Shri Saraswati Prasad, IAS (AM:85) took over The guidelines laid down by M/o Personnel,
the charge of the post of Additional Secretary Public Grievances and Pensionsand the M/o
in the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation Social Justice & Empowerment relating to
w.e.f. 23.12.2015 and relieved of charge w.e.f reservation of SCs, STs & OBCs in services
27.01.2017. & related matters are being followed by this
Ministry. The number of employees belonging
Shri Arun Baroka, IAS (AGMUT:90) took over the
to SCs, STs & OBCs are given in Table:
charge of the post of Joint Secretary in the Ministry

75
 Table
ANNUAL STATEMENT SHOWING THE REPRESENTATION OF SCs,STs AND OBCs AS ON FIRST JANUARY OF THE
YEAR AND NUMBER OF APPOINTMENT MADE DURING THE PRECEEDING CALENDAR YEAR 2016.
MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION
Representation of SCs/STs/ Number of appointments made during the calendar year 2016
OBCs (As on 1-1-2017) By Direct Recruitment By Promotion By Deputation
Groups Total number SCs STs OBCs Total SCs STs OBCs Total SCs STs Total SCs STs
of Employees
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Group ‘A’ 32 05 02 02 - - - - - - - - - -
Group ‘B’ 49 07 04 11 - - - - - - - - - -
Group ‘C’ (Including 18 04 03 02 - - - - - - - - - -
Earstwhile Gr. ’D’)
TOTAL 99 16 09 15

5.2 New initiatives taken in the During the year 2016, there is no
Ministry complaint received on sexual Harassment
of women at workplace in MDWS.
i). Implementation of e-office &
Biometric Attendance system
iii). ISO Certification
This Ministry has already implemented
The Ministry had obtained ISO 9001: 2008
the e-office since January, 2015. All
Certification streamlining its functioning
the files & documents have since been
& procedures.
digitized. All the office work is being done
digitally thereby making the physical files iv). Foreign Visits
almost zero. E-office is user friendly & During the year 2016-17, till 31st
saves a lot of time. Total e-files created December, 2016, five proposals for
8486 upto 31.12.2016. foreign visits of Hon’ble Ministers,
This office has been implementing the Secretary (DWS) and other senior
Biometric Attendance system in respect officers of MoDWS were undertaken. As
of all the employees. per instructions of Ministry of Finance,
Department of Expenditure, details of
ii). Internal Complaints Committee on the tour and as well as Tour Report was
Sexual Harrassment of Women at upload on Foreign VisitManagement
Workplace Act, 2013
System (FVMS) portal.
An Internal Complaints committee has
been constituted in this Ministry as per 5.3. Vigilance & RTI/Grievances
direction received from Department of Redressal Machinery
Personnel & Training and as per provisions 5.3.1 Vigilance and RTI
of Section 4 of the Sexual Harassment
All Vigilance matters are being handled by
of Women at Workplace (Prevention,
the Vigilance Section of the Ministry. The
Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013
Additional Secretary has been designated

76
 as the Chief Vigilance Officer for the of registration of complaint.
Ministry in addition to his normal work.
‹‹ Post disposal, sms based feedback
The Vigilance Section also Monitors is taken from complainant before
RTI matters for the Ministry. As per the closing the complaint from system
RTI portal of the Government India 981
‹‹ State visits are conducted regularly
online/multiple forwarding RTIs have
by the officials of MDWS to ensure
been received and forwarded to the
efficient Redressal of Grievances
concerned Divisions out of which 871
have been disposed of by the Ministry ‹‹ Phone calls are made regularly to
(upto December 2016). complainant falling in the category of
closed grievances to ensure quality
5.3.2 Online Public Grievance Redressal in the Redressal of grievances.
System
The Ministry of Drinking water and All these measures have helped
Sanitation is taking innovative steps to in attaining Redressal rate of over
ensure effective and timely Redressal 98% for the Ministry of Drinking
of grievances uploaded by the members Water and Sanitation. The Ministry
of public on CPGRAMS as well as on is coordinating with Quality council
Ministry’s Grievance Portal. Many new of India which has conducted an
steps are taken by the Ministry elaborate study on Grievance
Redressal system of MDWS.
‹‹ All CPGRAM complaints are
Their suggestion will soon be
transferred not only to States but
implemented to further enhance the
also to the online grievance system
performance of online grievance
of the Ministry.
system. In the coming months
‹‹ This system sends sms and web Ministry has chalked out following
based reminders/ notifications to action points
State officials in charge of disposal
‹‹ Integration of CPGRAMS with Online
of the complaints.
Grievance system of the Ministry
‹‹ In case of no action taken by the
‹‹ Institution of toll free number for
State official for over a month on a
registration of Complaints
particular complaint, the complaint
is then forwarded/escalated to their ‹‹ Improvement in the citizen feedback
superiors for immediate action system

‹‹ The complaint is sent the contact 5.4 Progress of Hindi work

details of official incharge of disposal during 2016-17
of complaint along with a notification The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation

77
made steep progress in the implementation all. Name Board of all the sections were
of Official Language during the year 2016-17 made bilingual. During the year, as much as
and the progressof correspondence in Hindi 50,000 pages were translated from English to
increased to about 95% during 2016-17. In Hindi. Much awareness was created among
view of proper implementation and to promote the officers and employees of the Ministry
progressive use of official language policy, for doing maximum work in Hindi through
bilingual dictionaries were distributed amongst Official Language Implementation Committee
32 officials of the Ministry. Moreover, a book meetings, Hindi Fortnight, Hindi competitions,
named ‘Karyalaya Sahayika’ is also being Hindi workshops, Hindi award schemes etc.
purchased for distribution among personnel. All the remaining employees were sent for
Availability of a large number of Hindi Hindi training. Apart from this, inspections of
magazines and newspapers was ensured in all the sections of this Ministry were carried out
the Ministry during the year. in regard to the progress of official language
implementation policy.
All the meetings of Official Language
Implementation Committee were organized in A workshop on Unicode was organized. All
time. Hindi workshops were also organized the officers and employees of the Ministry are
during the year. An important work regarding deeply concerned with the progress of Hindi
constitution of Hindi Salahakar Samiti, was work and are progressively increasing their
accomplished during this period. Hindi work day by day.

Hindi Fortnight was organized with great The Hon’ble Minister for Rural Development,
ecstasy and zeal. During this period, various Panchayati Raj and Ministry of Drinking Water
competitions were organized for Hindi and Sanitation Shri Narendra Singh Tomar,
speaking & non Hindi speaking personnel. On being an exponent of Hindi language and
the occasion of prize distribution ceremony very keen for promotion and increased use of
young women staff members of this Ministry Hindi in official communications, during this
presented a melodious welcome song and period many of the documents were prepared/
translated in Hindi.
a Hindi song which was praised by one and

78
 Welcome speech by Joint Secretary (Admn.) and Subsequent address speech by Secretary DWS

Young women staff members performing welcome Secretary DWS and additional Secretary DWS giving
Geet and Hindi Geet away prizes at the occasion of Hindi Pakhwara 2016

Officers and Employees of this Ministry participated at the prize distribution ceremony with great zeal

79
 Annexure I to XI
80
 Organisation chart of ministry of drinking water & sanitation

minister (RD, pr, dws)

minister of state (dws)

secretary

as & fa addistional Secretary jS (WATER & ADMIN) ddg economic Adviser OSD (on loan Basis)

JS (SBM) Dir. (Stat)

Dir. (Stat) DS. (Coord. &
Hin) Dir. (Stat) Dir. (NPMU)
CCA ds
Dir (Finanace ds DIR. (Water addl. adviser dy. adviser
(Hin & Coor)
& Coord.) (ADMin.) & Parl.) (phe) (Wq)
SSO (Stat)
dIRECTOr ds (sbm) US (COORD.)
Asstt. Dir.
DCA US (IFD)
US (hindi) US (WQ)
Asstt. Adv. Asstt. Adv.
SSO (Stat) US (SBM) SO (COORD.)
(PHE)
US (SBM-1) US (SBM)
US (Admin Us (Gen) SO (WQ)
PAO SO (IFD) Asstt. Dir.
& Parl.)
ad (OL) SO (SBM) (Stat.)
US (Water) US (parl. & admin)
SO (SBM-1)
AO (BUDGET)
jR.ao SO (Admin)

SO (GENL.) SO (VIG.)
SO (W-I) SO (W-II)

SO (O&M) SO (CASH) SO (PARL.)

81
Annexure I
 82
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000

7851
11810
7306
43
4954
305
4019
4639
3706
9046
2929
2328
2546
1090
2167
68
1965
1939
1424
1405
1388
1388
1115
1155
940

Target
2
903
743
800
912

Coverage
714
890
460
412
391
318
Annexure –II(a)

355
217
270
210
261
245
Partially Covered Habitation (2015-16)

28
177
111
52
37
45
65
35
44
31
26
19
99
83
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800

1673
1511
1447
504
1163
1065
965
387
845
1164
769
525
532
1447
490
507
467
318
187
144
167
167
106
1
88
145

Target
77
35
40
9

Coverage
38
76
21
21
13
8
Annexure –II(b)

10
19
5
40
4
3
Quality Affected Habitation(2015-16)

3
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26
0
0
 84
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000

10100
3587
8500
4022
5800
176
3400
1118
3021
56
2918
859
1806
381
1300
620
1090
98
1054
839
170
735
308
638

Target
693
489
317
430
1

Coverage
375
26
363
205
350
Annexure –III(a)

53
250
12
177
23
100
21
65
18
50
76
41
Partially Covered Habitation (2016-17, till 31.12.2016)
8
40
10
38
108
35
7
7
6
85
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500

1977
419
1900
240
1366
574
1200
287
1148
25
1000
261
800
142
662
65
524
131
429
367
48
351
0
300
43

Target
273
120
180
24

Coverage
149
10
100
0
Annexure –III(b)

25
25
16
0
13
3
11
2
10
0
6
Quality Affected Habitation (2016-17, till 31.12.2016)

1
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
 Annexure –IV

"Position of Officers and staff (regular) in the Ministry of Drinking Water and
Sanitation" as on 31.12.2016
No. of posts
Sl. No. Name of the post Group of Officers
Sanctioned Filled Vacant
1 Secretary 1 1 0 A
2 Additional Secretary 1 1 0 A
3 Joint Secretary 2 2 0 A
4 Deputy Director General 1 1 0 A
5 Economic Adviser 1 1 0 A
6 Addl. Adviser (PHE) 1 1 0 A
7 Director 4 4 0 A
8 Deputy Secretary 3 3 0 A
9 Deputy Adviser (PHE) 3 1 2 A
10 Sr. PPS 1 1 0 A
11 Senior System Analyst 1 0 1 A
12 Deputy Director (Stat.) 1 1 0 A
13 Assistant Adviser(PHE) 4 2 2 A
14 Under Secretary 9 9 0 A
15 PPS 2 2 0 A
16 Assistant Director 1 1 0 A
17 Assistant director (OL) 1 1 0 A
18 Section Officer 12 7 5 B
19 Private Secretary 12 3 9 B
20 Accounts Officer 1 0 1 B
21 Sr. Stat. Officer 1 1 0 B
22 Accountant 2 0 2 B
23 Sr. Translater 2 2 0 B
24 ASO 25 23 2 B
25 Jr. Hindi translater 1 1 0 B
26 Personal Assistant 11 7 4 B
27 Jr. Stat. Officer 5 5 0 B
28 Steno. Gr. "D" 5 4 1 C
29 SSA 2 2 0 C
30 D. E. O. (Gr.A) 1 1 0 C
31 LDC(Lib. Clerk) 1 1 0 C
32 JSA 2 0 2 C
33 Staff Car Driver 5 2 3 C
34 MTS 11 8 3 C
  Total: 136 99 37  

86
 Annexure –V

PHYSICAL PROGRESS UNDER SBM(G) DURING 2015-2016

S.N. State Name IHHL (BPL) IHHL (APL) IHHL Total Sanitary Complex
1 A & N ISLANDS 0 0 0 0
2 ANDHRA PRADESH 354706 269 354975 5
3 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 15159 3974 19133 221
4 ASSAM 83811 381726 465537 52
5 BIHAR 280365 145766 426131 10
6 CHHATTISGARH 157626 199435 357061 0
7 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0
8 GOA 5365 0 5365 0
9 GUJARAT 207539 714956 922495 0
10 HARYANA 33876 97287 131163 13
11 HIMACHAL PRADESH 7633 58982 66615 247
12 JAMMU & KASHMIR 42524 21698 64222 162
13 JHARKHAND 95568 215734 311302 23
14 KARNATAKA 506730 26273 533003 38
15 KERALA 11189 563 11752 34
16 MADHYA PRADESH 504127 503820 1007947 0
17 MAHARASHTRA 229821 659613 889434 36
18 MANIPUR 18250 29276 47526 6
19 MEGHALAYA 26243 17886 44129 100
20 MIZORAM 3361 2139 5500 12
21 NAGALAND 21240 1377 22617 164
22 ODISHA 471537 859031 1330568 7
23 PUDUCHERRY 0 0 0 0
24 PUNJAB 11721 59589 71310 8
25 RAJASTHAN 325374 1820658 2146032 63
26 SIKKIM 3639 68 3707 42
27 TAMIL NADU 430231 518050 948281 76
28 TELANGANA 239919 271 240190 25
29 TRIPURA 13665 47487 61152 30
30 UTTAR PRADESH 195183 499305 694488 3
31 UTTARAKHAND 19706 44276 63982 27
32 WEST BENGAL 697052 720055 1417107 495
Total 5013160 7649564 12662724 1899

87
 Annexure –VI

PHYSICAL PROGRESS UNDER SBM(G) DURING 2016-2017 (Upto December, 2016)

IHHL IHHL
S.N. State Name IHHL (BPL) Sanitary Complex
(APL) Total
1 A & N ISLANDS 474 467 941 0
2 ANDHRA PRADESH 510760 961 511721 1
3 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 11560 2134 13694 66
4 ASSAM 62705 385516 448221 48
5 BIHAR 169741 91779 261520 5
6 CHHATTISGARH 323409 425920 749331 2
7 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0
8 GOA 0 0 0 0
9 GUJARAT 266800 787676 1054483 0
10 HARYANA 6797 29310 36107 0
11 HIMACHAL PRADESH 12856 68263 81120 231
12 JAMMU & KASHMIR 29223 15126 44349 67
13 JHARKHAND 110032 339274 449322 0
14 KARNATAKA 430849 19477 450326 48
15 KERALA 166652 27751 194426 11
16 MADHYA PRADESH 521641 391567 913207 331
17 MAHARASHTRA 253312 663613 916932 5
18 MANIPUR 12518 17958 30476 0
19 MEGHALAYA 17081 9963 27044 15
20 MIZORAM 1555 738 2293 9
21 NAGALAND 1754 152 1906 7
22 ODISHA 323690 536060 859751 3
23 PUDUCHERRY 1367 20 1387 0
24 PUNJAB 9261 56414 65675 0
25 RAJASTHAN 308066 1534609 1842676 30
26 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0
27 TAMIL NADU 147490 256334 403825 28
28 TELANGANA 290719 2935 293654 0
29 TRIPURA 18492 10154 28646 17
30 UTTAR PRADESH 253987 819954 1073947 1
31 UTTARAKHAND 91579 195663 287249 10
32 WEST BENGAL 798704 900599 1699322 392
Total 5153074 7590387 12743551 1327

88
 Annexure –VII

State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2015-16

As on 31.3.2016
Rs. in crore
Opening Balance
S.N. STATE/UT Release Total Expenditure
as on 1-4-2015
1 A & N ISLANDS 0 3.4 3.4 0
2 ANDHRA PRADESH 143.65 234.17 377.81 292.09
3 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 5.15 38.71 43.86 29.22
4 ASSAM 170.96 474.27 645.23 484.35
5 BIHAR 143.31 221.55 364.87 325.59
6 CHHATTISGARH 58.26 144.72 202.98 263.19
7 D & N HAVELI 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00
8 GOA 0.44 1.05 1.49 4.83
9 GUJARAT 50.34 478.22 528.55 575.90
10 HARYANA 47.06 32.76 79.81 72.27
11 HIMACHAL PRADESH 119.33 4.37 123.70 71.42
12 JAMMU & KASHMIR 116.87 4.05 120.91 66.92
13 JHARKHAND 42.58 97.32 139.90 262.77
14 KARNATAKA -57.16 450.77 393.61 444.21
15 KERALA 37.12 8.50 45.62 17.03
16 MADHYA PRADESH 271.07 374.33 645.39 803.06
17 MAHARASHTRA 31.25 567.45 598.70 644.49
18 MANIPUR 4.63 44.19 48.81 53.48
19 MEGHALAYA 37.75 35.65 73.40 56.13
20 MIZORAM 6.99 3.32 10.31 6.66
21 NAGALAND 19.99 10.83 30.82 28.10
22 ODISHA 119.11 571.50 690.60 1197.06
23 PUDUCHERRY 2.23 4.40 6.63 0.00
24 PUNJAB 4.09 38.70 42.79 59.34
25 RAJASTHAN 41.83 938.73 980.56 1287.23
26 SIKKIM 4.93 6.12 11.05 5.90
27 TAMIL NADU 239.76 78.94 318.70 560.44
28 TELANGANA 87.19 128.39 215.58 157.53
29 TRIPURA 49.76 38.89 88.66 52.89
30 UTTAR PRADESH 275.28 565.39 840.67 571.91
31 UTTARAKHAND 5.53 49.37 54.90 71.67
32 WEST BENGAL 29.56 712.92 742.48 904.79
    2108.84 6362.96 8468.40 9370.47

89
 Annexure –VIII

State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2016-17

As on 31.3.2016
Rs. in crore
Opening Balance
S.N. State/UT Release Total Expenditure
as on 1-4-2016
1 A & N ISLANDS 3.4 0.5 3.9 0.1359
2 ANDHRA PRADESH 85.97 135.46 221.44 270.12
3 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 14.66 23.98 38.65 13.15
4 ASSAM 161.11 240.00 401.14 187.69
5 BIHAR 42.00 131.87 174.36 54.77
6 CHHATTISGARH -59.63 438.35 378.72 170.52
7 D & N HAVELI 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00
8 GOA -3.34 0.00 -3.34 0.00
9 GUJARAT -46.88 651.23 604.39 419.74
10 HARYANA 7.74 68.79 76.60 9.60
11 HIMACHAL PRADESH 52.83 117.30 170.41 60.85
12 JAMMU & KASHMIR 53.99 59.51 113.51 19.59
13 JHARKHAND -122.77 326.89 204.16 139.85
14 KARNATAKA -50.41 190.07 139.67 165.87
15 KERALA 28.91 98.25 127.23 104.19
16 MADHYA PRADESH -156.34 684.47 528.38 497.96
17 MAHARASHTRA -43.33 528.94 485.80 280.47
18 MANIPUR -4.66 27.28 22.61 3.45
19 MEGHALAYA 17.28 75.70 92.98 24.85
20 MIZORAM 3.64 10.98 14.62 1.89
21 NAGALAND 3.02 32.06 35.18 2.02
22 ODISHA -506.31 732.17 226.10 459.62
23 PUDUCHERRY 6.63 0.00 6.63 0.13
24 PUNJAB -16.55 197.02 180.47 40.35
25 RAJASTHAN -305.98 627.30 321.91 566.99
26 SIKKIM 5.15 7.04 12.19 1.09
27 TAMIL NADU -241.10 537.02 295.93 111.90
28 TELANGANA 58.14 50.27 108.42 84.05
29 TRIPURA 36.07 24.98 61.06 7.21
30 UTTAR PRADESH 269.22 712.35 981.71 532.30
31 UTTARAKHAND -16.58 170.58 154.00 53.94
32 WEST BENGAL -162.20 640.50 478.34 476.56
Total :-   -886.27 7540.86 6657.17 4760.85

90
 Annexure –IX

State/UT-wise , ODF declared Villages, GPs, Blocks and District

ODF ODF
ODF declared ODF Declared
S.N. State/UT declared Declared
Villages District
GPs Blocks
1 A & N Islands 0 0 0 0
2 Andhra Pradesh 2290 2004 8 0
3 Arunachal Pradesh 927 308 2 0
4 Assam 436 25 1 0
5 Bihar 727 137 2 0
6 Chhattisgarh 8861 4144 32 3
7 D & N Haveli 0 0 0 0
8 Goa 0 0 0 0
9 Gujarat 8274 6377 44 4
10 Haryana 5500 4903 64 9
11 Himachal Pradesh 16637 3231 77 12
12 Jammu & Kashmir 95 63 0 0
13 Jharkhand 1514 243 1 0
14 Karnataka 5251 972 27 5
15 Kerala 2035 940 152 14
16 Madhya Pradesh 10575 4565 12 2
17 Maharashtra 15260 11097 71 4
18 Manipur 82 80 0 0
19 Meghalaya 3104 2985 4 1
20 Mizoram 145 139 1 0
21 Nagaland 306 249 0 0
22 Odisha 2340 139 1 0
23 Puducherry 0 0 0 0
24 Punjab 2449 2336 18 2
25 Rajasthan 15312 3897 48 5
26 Sikkim 446 176 25 4
27 Tamil Nadu 2700 2695 15 0
28 Telangana 1524 1387 32 1
29 Tripura 5 5 0 0
30 Uttar Pradesh 3670 1515 3 0
31 Uttarakhand 11587 5619 61 5
32 West Bengal 16421 1368 89 4
138473 61599 790 75

91
 Annexure –X

State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2016-17

As on 31.3.2016
IHHL Achievement during Share in Total BPLs
S.N. State/UT
2016-17 +APLs Achievement
TOTAL SC ST % SC % ST
1 A & N ISLANDS 941 0 0 0.00 0.00
2 ANDHRA PRADESH 511721 114729 41309 22.42 8.07
3 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 13694 144 12150 1.05 88.72
4 ASSAM 448221 32126 62373 7.17 13.92
5 BIHAR 261520 45008 7998 17.21 3.06
6 CHHATTISGARH 749331 83960 265416 11.20 35.42
7 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0.00 0.00
8 GOA 0 0 0 0.00 0.00
9 GUJARAT 1054483 76017 277029 7.21 26.27
10 HARYANA 36107 9630 35 26.67 0.10
11 HIMACHAL PRADESH 81120 21269 6096 26.22 7.51
12 JAMMU & KASHMIR 44349 2668 9100 6.02 20.52
13 JHARKHAND 449322 43775 125898 9.74 28.02
14 KARNATAKA 450326 100690 39039 22.36 8.67
15 KERALA 194426 34962 19725 17.98 10.15
16 MADHYA PRADESH 913207 167036 272009 18.29 29.79
17 MAHARASHTRA 916932 102960 125716 11.23 13.71
18 MANIPUR 30476 180 22718 0.59 74.54
19 MEGHALAYA 27044 294 20218 1.09 74.76
20 MIZORAM 2293 86 2165 3.75 94.42
21 NAGALAND 1906 2 1875 0.10 98.37
22 ODISHA 859751 123665 210187 14.38 24.45
23 PUDUCHERRY 1387 385 3 27.76 0.22
24 PUNJAB 65675 48662 1183 74.10 1.80
25 RAJASTHAN 1842676 261443 342540 14.19 18.59
26 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0.00 0.00
27 TAMIL NADU 403825 94874 8451 23.49 2.09
28 TELANGANA 293654 58111 39106 19.79 13.32
29 TRIPURA 28646 4464 15622 15.58 54.53
30 UTTAR PRADESH 1073947 215900 17168 20.10 1.60
31 UTTARAKHAND 287249 65857 13718 22.93 4.78
32 WEST BENGAL 1699322 451725 118776 26.58 6.99
Total :- 12743551 2160622 2077623 16.95 16.30

92
 Annexure XI
(Report No.28 of 2015- Performance Audit of Total Sanitation Campaign/ Nirmal
Bharat Abhiyan Laid in Parliament on 8th December, 2015)
Summary of Observations in Performance ATN/Remarks
Audit
Planning As the programme is implemented taking
districts as project unit, Ministry receives PIP/
revised PIP of district level duly approved by
Plans prepared at Gram Panchayat level State Level Scheme Sanctioning Committee
were not consolidated in Block Plan and (SLSSC) for approval of NSSC at Centre
further into District Plan in 73 (49 per cent) Level. However, it is stated in the NBA
test checked districts of 12 States. Further, Guidelines that whenever there was revision
Annual Implementation Plan (AIP) did not in targets, district level PIP should be prepared
indicate the District/Block/Gram Panchayat by consolidating the proposal of GP levels
(GP) wise allocation of physical and financial based on the baseline survey conducted
targets. AIPs were not prepared following under programme compiled at block levels.
the community saturation approach It is responsibility of the States to ensure
highlighting comprehensive sanitation and that the district level PIP has been prepared
water coverage on the basis of identification based on the GP level PIP before approval of
of GPs that could be made Nirmal during the SLSSC. In case of revision of incentive cost
year/ in the coming years, etc. under the programme PIP of the States has
been revised for the existing balance project
(Paragraph 2.4.1,2.4.2)
objectives as per revised incentive cost and
approved by the NSSC from time to time.

MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 2 –

Planning (as indicated in the replies has
been uploaded in CAG’s website “apms.
nic.in”)

(Replies received from States have also been

uploaded)

93
Project Implementation Before commencement of which financial
year States have prepared comprehensive
Against the objective of construction of 426.32
annual Plan for a construction of toilets based
lakh and 469.76 lakh Individual Household
on the pans received from the base level
Latrines (IHHL) for Below Poverty Line and
implementing agency. However, TSC/NBA
Above Poverty Line families, respectively,
being a demand driven programme actual
Project Districts could construct only 222.32 lakh
construction were made as per the demand
(52.15 per cent) and 207.55 lakh (44.18 per cent)
generated by the people. Hence, the shortfall
IHHLs during 2009-10 to 2013-14. The Ministry
in achievement aroused. Regarding trend for
had shown and achievement of construction of
decrease in construction of toilets it is to state
693.92 lakh IHHLs up to February 2011 in 16
that under NBA the programme was being
states against a figure of 367.53 lakh households
implemented in convergence with MNREGA
(Census 2011) having toilet facilities within the
unlike TSC. Since, in most of the States
premises, in these States.
these two programme are run by different
(Paragraph 3.1.1,3.1.2) departments there was a lack of coordination
between the implementing departments
resulted in slowdown in implementation of
the programme. Further, lack of funds under
MNREGA for this scheme also adversely
affected the programme. There was decrease
in the project objectives and achievements
due to the aforesaid reasons. However, under
SBM (G) the programme has been delinked
from MNREGA which resulted in significant
increase in construction of toilets during
2014-15.

94
In test checked 53 district of eight States, There is a spurt in the progress made under
proportion of defunct toilets was found to be the programme. Against the expected
more than 33 percent (24.03 lakh out of total outcome of 50 lakh for individual latrines for
71.86 lakh households) due to reasons like poor the year 2014-15, 58,54,987 latrines were
quality of construction, incomplete structure, constructed, which is an achievement of
non-maintenance, etc. 117% of the target. During 2015-16, 127.41
lakh toilets have already been constructed
(Paragraph 3.2.1.1)
against target of 120.00 lakh. For the year
2016-17, against the expected outcome of 1.5
crore individual latrines, 3319451 individual
latrines (22.13%) have been constructed as
on 01-08-2016. Since the launch of Swachh
Bharat Mission (Gramin) on 2nd October,
2014, 210.09 lakh toilets have already been
constructed under SBM(G) as on 01.08.2016.
Sanitation Coverage, which was 42.05%
on 2.10.2014, has increased to 53.60% on
01.8.2016.
We noted that 12.97 lakh IHHLs involving The number of toilets constructed was
expenditure of 186.17 crore were constructed reported by the States. The difference in
by engaging contractor /Non-Government number of IHHL between Census 2011
Organisation (NGOs), etc. in violation of report and IMIS on this Ministry isfalling out
the Scheme guidelines. Further, financial of use/becoming dysfunctional due to lack of
irregularities, like expenditure without approval, behavioural change, poor construction quality
diversion of funds, etc., amounting to 7.81 crore etc. and probably over-reporting to some
were also noticed in construction of Solid and extent by States (especially in APL toilets) to
Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) infrastructure get more NGP awards.
in 13 districts of seven States. It was also found
Some toilets have become defunct due to
that out of a loan of 1.38 crore provided for
reasons such as lack of behavior change
opening of Rural Sanitary Marts/Production
of households, poor quality of construction
Centres in 21 selected districts of six States an
because of very low incentive during early
amount of 1.20 crore remained unrecovered
period of TSC (Rs. 625 during 2000-2006)
beyond approved recovery schedule.
etc. These reasons have been addressed
(Paragraph 3.2.1.4,3.2.5.2 and 3.2.6.2) in the new scheme now.In this connection it
is also submitted that this above facts were
brought to the notice of Auditors during the
course of Audit and it has been recorded in
the Report as under:

95
 “Ministry accepted the observation and
stated that the difference in achievement
was probably due to over-reporting to some
extent by Sate (especially in APL toilets) to
get more NGP awards, some toilets falling
out of use/becoming dysfunctional due to
lack of behavioral change, poor construction
quality etc. and difference in methodology of
counting the toilets.”

TSC/NBA was implemented in rural areas.

In exclusive Urban districts in the states
NBA was not operational. The entire city
would form one district and in that case it
is classified under Urban, will not fall under
the purview of NBA. Further, the project was
approved by NSSC on receiving PIP of the
district from the States duly approved by
SLSSC. If States did not submit the PIP for
any district the project in respect of that district
would not be approved for implementation of
the programme. However, this Ministry has
repeatedly ask the State to submit the PIP
for all the eligible district from time to time.
The Ministry approved State level AIP for a
particularly year as prepared and submitted
by the State Governments. Being the main
implementing agency, it is responsibility of
the States to ensure that the programme was
being implemented in all the GPs at the time
of preparation of the State level AIP.
MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 3
– Project Implementation (as indicated in
the replies has been uploaded in CAG’s
website “apms.nic.in”)

(Replies received from States have also

been uploaded)

96
Management of Funds Relates to States and States have furnished
their replies which has been uploaded in
Audit noted that the Ministry released only 48 per
CAG’s website “apms.nic.in” for consideration
cent of the funds demanded by the states and
by CAG.
16 states on their part, either did not release or
short-released their share of funds during 2009-
14. Despite availability of funds of 13494.63
crore, only 10157.93 crore was spent on scheme
implementation during the period 2009-10 to
2013-14. The unspent amount on annual basis
varied between 40 per cent and 56 per cent.

(Paragraph 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4)

We found six cases of misappropriation of 2.28

crore in six States (Andhra Pradesh, Assam,
Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Odisha).
Cases of suspected misappropriation of 25.33
crore were also noted in Andhra Pradesh,
Jharkhand and Manipur. Further, scheme funds
amounting to 283.12 crore were diverted and
utilized for the purposes such as advance to staff,
creation of capital assets, Leave Salary Pension
Contribution, purchase of vehicles and office
Sanitation in 13 States. Further, in six States
an amount of 81.08 crore was diverted to other
central schemes and other State sponsored
schemes.

(Paragraph 4.6, 4.7)

97
It was noted in nine States of Andhra Pradesh
Assam, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala,
Manipur, Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra and
West Bengal that an amount of 212.14 crore
remained parked/unutilized for periods ranging
between 4 months to 29 months at State/District/
Block/GP level. Further, in six States of Andhra
Pradesh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Kerala, Manipur
and Odisha, advances of 48.97 crore paid to
various implementing agencies were outstanding
from 16 to 120 months. It was also found that
interest of 5.58 crore accrued on scheme funds
was not accounted for in eleven States.

(Paragraph 4.9, 4.10, 4.13. iii)

Information, Education and Communication During NBA, NGP (Nirmal Gram Puraskar)
was an important component of the
TSC/NBA is demand driven scheme for which
programme. The Nirmal Gram Puraskar
use of IEC is very critical for creating awareness
awards were given by the President of India
about the benefits of sanitation and hygiene
to GPs which had become Nirmal and was a
among rural population. However, we found that
big trigger for up scaling sanitation initiatives
due importance was not given to IEC and 25
in the country. This was a huge advocacy
percent of total IEC expenditure during the year
initiative which is part of overall IEC activity.
2009-10 to 2011-12 was incurred on activities
Therefore, expenditure incurred in respect of
unrelated to IEC. Despite an expenditure of
NGP functions cannot be termed expenditure
788.60 crore during last five year, the Ministry
on activities unrelated to IEC.
also failed to evaluate its IEC campaign.
MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 5 –
(Paragraph 5.2.1)
Information, Education and Communication
(as indicated in the replies has been uploaded
in CAG’s website “apms.nic.in”)

(Replies received from States have also been

uploaded)

98
Convergence So far as engagement of support staff
like ASHA for generating demand is
Convergence is a strategy to ensure optimal
concerned it is intimated that as per NBA
results with support from related Government
guidelines field functionaries like Bharat
Programme. The TSC guidelines of 2007 specified
Nirman Volunteers, ASHA, Anganwadi
that all houses constructed for BPL under Indira
workers, school teachers etc can be
Awas Yojana Shall be provided with a toilet under
engaged at the village level for demand
TSC. However, Audit found that there was no
creation and taking up behavior change
convergence during 2009-12 with other schemes.
communication. There motivators are
During 2012-14 only a small percentage (6 per
given suitable incentive from the funds
cent on an average) IHHLs were constructed
earmarked for IEC. As Representative
in convergence with Indira Awas Yojana and
from Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Employment
was a member of NSSC, hence, there was
Guarantee Scheme. However, there were no
no need for separate representative from
achievement under other components such as
NRHM.
school toilets, Anganwadi toilets, community
sanitary complexes and SLWM projects in Ministry has taken up the matter with
convergence with MGNREGS or with help from Ministry of Youth and Sports seeking
local or other sources. The Ministry also failed to support of volunteers of National Service
involve corporate houses in the implementation Scheme (NSS) and Nehru Yuva Kendra
of the Scheme as part of their Corporate Social associates in the Swachh Bharat Mission
Responsibility. Further, no arrangements were (SBM) and also asked the States to make
made with the Indian Railways to discourage the use of their services wherever required.
practice of unsafe disposal of human excreta and Many States are taking supports of these
open defecation on rail tracks. volunteers.

(Paragraph 6.3, 6.4.and 6.6) MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 6 -

Convergence ( as indicated in the replies
has been uploaded in CAG’s website
“apms.nic.in”)

(Replies received from States have also

been uploaded)

99
Monitoring and Evaluation Audit observed that against the total
expenditure of Rs. 22.40 crore, the Ministry
The Ministry failed to utilize funds approved
could utilize Rs.0.32 crore only on the
under ‘Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)-Other
activities covered under M&E. Remaining Rs.
charges’ and 0.32 crore only (out of 22.40 crore
22.08 crore was diverted to other activities
booked under the head ) was utilized on the
pertaining to administration of Nirmal Gram
activities covered under M&E during the period
Puraskar like ‘payment to agencies for
2009-10 to 2013-14 diverting the remaining
physical verification of Gram Panchayats”.
amount of 22.08 crore to other activities.
Ministry’s plea that verification of Gram
(Paragraph 7.2) Panchayat for NGP was a part of monitoring
exercise and money spent on the same could
To monitor the physical and financial progress
not be regarded as diversion. But audit not
of the Programme, the Ministry relied on online
agreed with Ministry’s plea.
monitoring through Integrated Management
Information System (IMIS) through which the Point has been noted for future compliance,
districts/gram Panchayats were to upload the however, it is indicated that under SBM
data. However, Audit found that there was no (G) programme, NGP Scheme has been
system in the Ministry to verify the reliability of discontinued.
the data received online. The Ministry was also
A World Bank Project to incentivize the
not ensuring its credibility by cross checking
Villages/ Gram Panchayats / Block/ Districts
with Annual Performance Reports. Due to this
on the basis of certain performance indicators
lapse, physical progress was over reported
has been started. Ministry has issued
on the Integrated Management Information
the guidelines for Open Defecation Free
System. Further, the Ministry had not undertaken
(ODF) verification. Integrated Management
any concurrent evaluation or implementation
Information System (IMIS) Module for ODF
progress review.
verification has also developed. States are
(Paragraph 7.3 and 7.6) request to complete the process of ODF
verification of all existing ODF villages/GPs
and report on IMIS by 31st December, 2015.

100
In respect of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin),
the on-line monitoring (IMIS) has been
strengthened and transparency increased
in the implementation of the SBM(G) by
making all the data including the names and
addresses of the beneficiaries of Individual
Household Latrines (IHHLs) available in the
public domain / on-line monitoring system. A
Mobile application for uploading photographs
of toilets constructed after 2.10.2014 has
been launched. The IMIS also includes
module for monitoring of open defecation
free (ODF) status now. The monitoring is
also strengthened through regular field visits
and interactions with State officials through
review meetings/video conferencing. Third
party monitoring has also been strengthened
through agencies such as NSSO. The
capturing of photographs has been included
in the IMIS for proper accounting.

MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 7 –

Monitoring and Evaluation (as indicated in the
replies has been uploaded in CAG’s website
“apms.nic.in”)

(Replies received from States have also been

uploaded)

101
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
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Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
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Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
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Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
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Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
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Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran