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PRODI TEKNIK GEOLOGI

FAKULTAS ILMU DAN TEKNOLOGI KEBUMIAN (FITB)
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG (ITB)

GL-3153 SEDIMENTOLOGI & STRATIGRAFI

SATUAN STRATIGRAFI : SATUAN LITOSTRATIGRAFI

12 (Lithostratigraphic Unit)

Dwiharso Nugroho
nuki.dnugroho@geodin.net ; nuki.dnugroho@gmail.com

GL-3152 SEDIMENTOLOGI & STRATIGRAFI

COURSE CONTENTS/ ISI KULIAH :
1. INTRODUCTION
2. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS CLASSIFICATION
3. TEXTURE OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK
4. CLASTIC ROCKS SEDIMENTATION PROCESSES :BOTTOM TRACTION AND
SUSPENSION
5. CLASTIC ROCKS SEDIMENTATION PROCESSES :(GRAVITY) MASS FLOW
6. FACIES, FACIES ASSOCIATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
7. DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SILICICLASTIC ROCKS)

8. DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SILICICLASTIC ROCKS)

9. CARBONATE ROCKS (SYSTEM, PROCESSES AND EOD)
10. FACIES, FACIES ASSOCIATION AND CYCLICITY OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
11. CONCEPTS ON STRATIGRAPHY
12. STRATIGRAPHIC UNIT
Photo courtesy of d|nug
13. STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION

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Sedimentology
Sedimentology is the study of the processes of formation, transport and
deposition of material that accumulates as sediment in continental and marine
environments and eventually forms sedimentary rocks.

Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is the study of rocks to determine the order and timing of events in
Earth history: it provides the time frame that allows us to interpret sedimentary
rocks in terms of dynamic evolving environments.

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Unsur Stratigrafi : Unsur Stratigrafi : Unsur Stratigrafi :

BATUAN WAKTU LAIN

Fossil,

Chemical
composition,

Magnetism,

Genetically
related unit,

etc.

SATUAN LITOSTRATIGRAFI

Stratigraphy is the study of rocks to determine the order and timing of events in Earth history: it provides
the time frame that allows us to interpret sedimentary rocks in terms of dynamic evolving environments.
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Unsur Stratigrafi : Unsur Stratigrafi : Unsur Stratigrafi :

BATUAN WAKTU LAIN

Fossil,

Chemical
composition,

Magnetism,

Genetically
related unit,

etc.

Photo courtesy of d|nug

SATUAN LITOSTRATIGRAFI

Stratigraphy is the study of rocks to determine the order and timing of events in Earth history: it provides
the time frame that allows us to interpret sedimentary rocks in terms of dynamic evolving environments.
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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
• Subdivision of rock successions into units
on the basis of lithology or rock type
• Lithostratigraphical standard units:
• Supergroup
• Group
• Formation
• Member
• Bed

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
• Lithostratigraphic classification is the subdivision, classification,
and organization of rock strata on the basis of their lithologic
characters
• Lithostratigraphic unit :
• based on the kind of rock,
• may consist of sedimentary, igneous-, or metamorphic
rocks, or of an association of two or more of these
• defined and distinguished solely by lithologic feature
(primarily rock composition) suplemented by
stratification/succession
• note : such features should normally be of such-a nature that
they can be readily recognized in the field by a knowledgeable
geologist

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Stratigraphic Guide
https://stratigraphy.org/guide/litho

5. Lithostratigraphic Units

A. Nature of Lithostratigraphic Units

• Lithostratigraphic units are bodies of rocks, bedded or unbedded, that are defined and characterized on the basis of their
lithologic properties and their stratigraphic relations. Lithostratigraphic units are the basic units of geologic mapping.
• The relationship of lithostratigraphic units to other kinds of stratigraphic units is discussed in Chapter 10.
B. Definitions
1. Lithostratigraphy The element of stratigraphy that deals with the description and nomenclature of the rocks of the Earth
based on their lithology and their stratigraphic relations.
2. Lithostratigraphic classification
The organization of rock bodies into units on the basis of their lithologic properties and their stratigraphic relations.
3. Lithostratigraphic unit
A body of rocks that is defined and recognized on the basis of its lithologic properties or combination of lithologic properties
and stratigraphic relations.
A lithostratigraphic unit may consist of sedimentary, or igneous, or metamorphic rocks. Lithostratigraphic units are defined
and recognized by observable physical features and not by their inferred age, the time span they represent, inferred
geologic history, or manner of formation.
The geographic extent of a lithostratigraphic unit is controlled entirely by the continuity and extent of its diagnostic
lithologic features.
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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Boundaries of Lithostratigraphic Unit

• Boundaries of lithostratigraphic unit, or boundaries

between adjacent (either lateraly or vertically)
lithostratigraphic units:
• are placed at points of lithologic change (gambar
BLU-1)
• will be placed at naturally occuring sharp or distinct
contact between differing iithologies (gambar BLU-
1),
• may be fixed arbitrarily within zones of lithologic
gradation or lntertongulng (gambar BLU-2)

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Boundaries of Lithostratigraphic Unit

Satuan Batupasir
• …placed at points
of lithologic change,
• placed at naturally
occuring sharp or
distinct contact
between differing
Satuan Batulempung iithologies

(Gambar BLU-1)

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Boundaries of Lithostratigraphic Unit

…fixed arbitrarily within
zones of lithologic
gradation
Satuan Batulempung

..Interval ini dapat dianggap sebagai

satuan litosatratigrafi lain dan disebut
…Satuan Batulempung-
Batupasir

…atau batas satuan

batulempung dan
satuan batupasir
‘fixed arbitrarily’ (garis
merah) pada batas berangsur
Satuan Batupasir ini

(Gambar BLU-2)
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GAS
OIL

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Basic Hierarchy of Lithostratigraphic Unit

• Basic hierarchy of ranks of formal lithostratigraphic

units (from highest to lowest) are: supergroup, group
(kelompok),formation (formasi)and member (anggota)

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Basic Hierarchy of Lithostratigraphic Unit

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Basic Hierarchy of Lithostratigraphic Unit

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Basic Hierarchy of Lithostratigraphic Unit

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Basic Hierarchy of Lithostratigraphic Unit

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Stratigraphic Guide
https://stratigraphy.org/guide/litho

5. Lithostratigraphic Units
C. Kinds of lithostratigraphic Units
1. Formal lithostratigraphic units
The conventional hierarchy of formal lithostratigraphic terms is as follows:
Group - two or more formations
Formation - primary unit of lithostratigraphy
Member - named lithologic subdivision of a formation
Bed - named distinctive layer in a member or formation
Flow -smallest distinctive layer in a volcanic sequence
The component units of any higher rank unit in the hierarchy need not be everywhere the same.
2. Formation
The primary formal unit of lithostratigraphic classification.
Formations are the only formal lithostratigraphic units into which the stratigraphic column everywhere should be divided
completely on the basis of lithology.
The contrast in lithology between formations required to justify their establishment varies with the complexity of the geology
of a region and the detail needed for geologic mapping and to work out its geologic history.
No formation is considered justifiable and useful that cannot be delineated at the scale of geologic mapping practiced in the
region. The thickness of formations may range from less than a meter to several thousand meters.
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Stratigraphic Guide
https://stratigraphy.org/guide/litho

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Stratigraphic Guide
https://stratigraphy.org/guide/litho

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Stratigraphic Guide
https://stratigraphy.org/guide/litho

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Nomenclature of Lithostratigraphic Unit

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Nomenclature of Lithostratigraphic Unit

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Nomenclature of Lithostratigraphic Unit

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LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY
Nomenclature of Lithostratigraphic Unit

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SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN OFFSHORE NORTHWEST JAVA BASIN
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SOME PROBLEMATICS ON LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNITS

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