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Influenza Quiz

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Acosta, Jennah Jozelle

Akilit, Micah

Itchon, Zhania

INFLUENZA

1. A newly admitted client is suspected to have avian influenza (“bird flu”) due to increasing
dyspnea and dehydration. Which of these prescribed actions will the nurse implement first?

A. Give first dose of oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

B. Instill 5% dextrose in water at 100 mL/hr

C. Collect blood and sputum specimens for testing

D. Start oxygen using a nonrebreather mask

Answer: D. Start oxygen using a nonrebreather mask.

Rationale: Prioritization. The nurse first action should be to start oxygen therapy because the
respiratory manifestations linked to avian influenza are most likely life-threatening.

2. A client with influenza is prescribed with an antiviral drug. The nurse determines that the client
indicates an understanding of the treatment if he or she state the following?

A. “I will take the medication exactly as prescribed”.

B. “I will not be able to infect others while I am on this treatment”.

C. “I will stop the medication once I feel okay”.

D. “I will resume my usual activities because these medications have minimal undesirable effects”.

Answer: A. “I will take the medication exactly as prescribed”.

Rationale: Antiviral drugs are taken exactly as prescribed

3. All of which are examples of antiviral influenza medications except?

A. Ethionamide (Trecator)

B. Amantadine (Symmetrel)

C. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
D. Zanamivir (Relenza)

Answer: A. Ethionamide (Trecator)

Rationale: Ethionamide (Trecator) is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis.

4. Which of the following individuals would the nurse consider to have the highest priority for
receiving an influenza vaccination?

A. A 60-year-old man with a hiatal hernia.

B. A 36-year-old woman with 3 children.

C. A 50-year-old woman caring for a spouse with cancer.

D. A 60-year-old woman with osteoarthritis.

Answer: A 50-year-old woman caring for a spouse with cancer.

Rationale: Individuals who are household members or home care providers for high-risk individuals
are high-priority targeted groups for immunization against influenza to prevent transmission to
those who have a decreased capacity to deal with the disease. The wife who is caring for a
husband with cancer has the highest priority of the clients described.

5. A public health nurse is conducting a seminar to a community about live, attenuated influenza
vaccine (LAIV), inactivated influenza vaccine and antiviral medications to a group of nursing
students. Which of the following statements by the students indicates a need for further teaching?

A. Inactivated influenza vaccine is administered intramuscularly, while live, attenuated influenza


vaccine (LAIV) is administered intranasally.

B. Oseltamivir is recommended for the treatment of pregnant women with flu.

C. Inactivated influenza vaccine contains killed viruses while live, attenuated influenza vaccine
(LAIV) contains attenuated viruses still capable of replication within the host.

D. Live-attenuated influenza vaccine is given during the influenza antiviral therapy.

Answer: D. Live-attenuated influenza vaccine is given during the influenza antiviral therapy.

Rationale: Live-attenuated influenza vaccine should be administered 48 hours after cessation of


antiviral therapy since influenza antivirals affects the replication of influenza viruses.

6. During a case of the influenza, which of the following is a sign you need to see a doctor
urgently?

A. Dry cough

B. Sore throat

C. Runny nose

D. Shortness of breath

Answer: D.Shortness of breath

Rationale: Symptoms of influenza can range from mild to severe. If you are concerned about
them, you should always seek medical attention. However, in uncomplicated cases of flu, the best
treatment is often bed rest, regular fluids, and simple over-the- counter painkilling and
temperature-lowering drugs like paracetamol.Shortness of breath though can be a sign of a
serious complication such as pneumonia and if you have it, you should see a doctor straight away.
All the other symptoms listed are common and don't necessarily require medical attention.

7. True or false: If you don't touch an infected person, you won't get the flu.

True

False

Answer: False

Rationale: The flu virus is spread when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. So objects
like glasses, tissues, and towels may have the virus on them. You should stay away from people
with the flu if you can. Also wash your hands and keep them away from your nose and mouth.
Your best protection is the vaccine.

8. The diagnosis of influenza is generally made clinically in patients with a typical syndrome
when influenza is known to be present in the community. If patients have dyspnea and rales
noted during lung examination, which of the following should be done?

A. Reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) assay

B. Cell culture of nasopharyngeal swabs and aspirates

C. Pulse oximetry and chest x-ray

D. Immunochromatographic assay
Answer: C: Pulse oximetry and chest x-ray

Rationale: Pulse oximetry is to detect hypoxemia and chest x-ray is to detect pneumonia.

9. How long are you contagious once you have the flu?

A. 1 week after becoming sick

B. 3-4 days after becoming sick

C. 1 day before symptoms start and up to 5-7 days after becoming sick

D. 1 day after getting sick

Answer: C. 1 day before symptoms start and up to 5-7 days after becoming sick.

Rationale: The flu is highly contagious which is why it's important to avoid those who are sick and
to stay home if you feel ill. Besides getting rest, visit your doctor immediately to see if an
antiviral treatment may be helpful.

10. Who is at high risk for developing complications from the flu?

A. All of the above

B. Pregnant women

C. People 65 years and older

D. Children

Answer: A. All of the above.

Rationale: While anyone can get the flu, some people are at high risk of developing serious
complications from the flu. This includes people over 65 years old, those with certain chronic
medical conditions, pregnant women and young children. Regardless of whether you're high risk
or not, it's important to consult with your doctor right away if you start experiencing sudden flu
symptoms.

11. True or False: If you get vaccinated, you won't get the flu.

False

True
Answer: False.

Rationale: You can still get the flu even if you are vaccinated. For example, you may be exposed
to a different strain of the flu virus that the vaccine does not protect against, or you may have
been exposed days before you were vaccinated. Regardless, the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) recommends that almost everyone over six months of age get vaccinated
annually for the flu as an important first step in preventing what can be a very serious illness.

12. True or False: There's nothing you can do to treat the flu once you get it.

False

True

Answer: False

Rationale: There are antiviral medicines that can attack the flu virus at its source and 6 stop it
from spreading in the body. It's important that these antivirals are taken within 48 hours of the
onset of flu symptoms, so make sure you visit your doctor right away if you think you have the flu.

13. _________________ is an infection of the nose, throat and lungs, which are part of the
respiratory system.

Answer: Influenza

14. What is the best time of year for a person to be vaccinated against influenza?

A In autumn, just before the peak flu season.

B. In summer, well before the next peak flu season.

C. As soon as flu symptoms develop.

D. Anytime; it makes no difference.

Answer: In autumn, just before the peak flu season.

Rationale: Flu vaccines differ from year to year and for best protection, you need to have them
annually. The best time to be vaccinated against influenza in Australia is in autumn between
March and May, as it gives maximum protection though the following winter months when flu is
more prevalent. If it is given too early, protection may not last through the flu season.
15. A family of five checks into an urgent care center with symptoms of the flu. Which members
of the family are at increased risk of significant complications? SATA

A. Newborn baby girl

B.Grandmother with COPD

C. Father with HIV d. Mother with anemia

D. 8-year-old boy

Answer: a, b, c

Rationale: The family members at increased risk of complications are the newborn, who fits the
category of infants; the father with HIV, who fits the category of those with a compromised
immune system; and the grandmother with COPD, who fits the category of those with chronic
pulmonary disease. Neither the 8-year-old boy nor the mother with anemia is at increased risk of
complications.

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