Value

of
Philosophy
Objectives
Realize the value of doing philosophy in
obtaining a broad perspective in life
Explain how philosophical problems are
advantageous to broadening perspective
Demonstrate a broadened perspective on
a given subject or topic of inquiry ; and
Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete
situation from a holistic perspective
Some problems in
Philosophy
How Philosophy can be valuable in
day-to-day experience.
 Knowledge
Belief on True and Justified
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
Metaphysics is the study of reality and existence, who we are,
and what our purpose is. Metaphysical definition comes from
works of Aristotle gathered after the philosopher's death. Coming
after works about nature (physics,) they were titled,
Metaphysics, "after physics." Thus, the name is a misnomer.
Aristotle never used it. However, Aristotle's topics provide the
beginning questions metaphysics asks—What is being? What are
the first causes of things? What are the things that do not
change? (Mautner 2005, 387)
METAPHYSICS
Central questions of
metaphysics
Ontology, pertaining to the nature of existence
Cosmology, categories of space and time or origin and
organization of the universe
Theology, what are relation about God, humankind and the
universe
What is the purpose of
Metaphysics?

Why is metaphysics
important?
 Ethical truths are viewed to be all the more
analyzed and are a problem in Philosophy
Ethics because of their subjectivity.

It can be said that any conception about reality

does not only affect knowledge as it may have an
implication of what people value.

Practicality may dissuade a person from asking

basic questions and become limited to what is
already accepted as true.
VALUE OF PHILOSOPHY
"Philosophy primarily aims at knowledge"

According to Bertrand Russel "The Problems of

Philosophy", Philosophy always aims to know the truth.
Truth constantly stirs desire to countless search for new
knowledge.
 Methods
of
Philosophy
Objectives
distinguish opinion from truth;
Analyze situations that show the
difference between opinion and truth;
Realize that the methods of philosophy
lead to wisdom and truth: compare and
contrast the different methods of
philosophy, and demonstrate speculation
and critical thinking skills.
Philosophy
as
Speculation
 Do you believe that
everyone has the capacity
to philosophize?
Philosophy as Speculation
or Speculative Thinking
Speculation
the Latin word specula, which means
"watchtower."
the forming of a theory or conjecture without firm
evidence. an assumption.
 Speculative thinking
teaches us to broaden and
sharpen our perspectives
or views on various life
issues.
Critical Thinking
 To criticize means to "judge" and/or to "analyze."
Philosophy, as critical thinking or analysis, questions,
judges, and evaluates any and all principles and
premises that may be gained through speculation.
Two modes of critical
analysis

LOGICAL LINGUISTIC
 Plato defined man thus: "Man is a two-footed,
featherless animal," and was much praised for the
definition; so Diogenes plucked a cock and brought it
into his school, and said "This 1s Plato's man." On which
account this addition was made to the definition, "With
broad flat nails. - Laertius as cited in Sprague and
Taylor, 1959
 Philosophizing has to involve both the speculative and
the critical aspects of looking at things since philosophy
is directed toward a holistic perspective and a broader
view of explaining the world.
 As John Mourant and Hans Freund emphasized,
"Without criticism philosophy would be sheer poetry:
without speculation, it would be mere logic hopping.
The greatness of philosophy lies in this two-fold
strength that it possesses-the balanced point of view
that reflects both speculation and criticism.
 Philosophy
as
Reflective Inquiry
Reflective Inquiry Involves interaction with
others in the process of thinking and
learning.
THE SIX PHASES
OF REFLECTION
 Reflective inquiries have to happen in a
community and one must have the ability to
express themselves clearly and share their ideas
based on their experience and must also involve
their imagination and creativity to able to shift
their perspective from personal awareness to
public awareness.
1. The experience
2. spontaneous interpretation of experience
3. Naming the problems or questions that
arise
4. generation of possible explanations
5. ramification of the explanation in
absolute hypotheses
6. experiment of hypotheses
 Members
Godrey Villarosa
Calvin Ilao
Shanty Orias
John Michael Vieron
Rhayhanna Ramirez
Arjay Smith Domingo
Kimielle Flores
Armel Quijano
Karryle Raymundo
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!