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    37 Jazz

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    Edward Han
    This document provides an overview of the history and development of jazz music from its origins in ragtime and blues to modern styles like bebop and free jazz. Key elements discussed include improvisation, syncopation, and the fusion of African and European musical traditions. Examples are given of important jazz artists and their influential works that helped shape different eras of jazz such as New Orleans style, swing, and bebop.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    37 Jazz

    Uploaded by

    Edward Han
    15 views21 pages
    This document provides an overview of the history and development of jazz music from its origins in ragtime and blues to modern styles like bebop and free jazz. Key elements discussed include improvisation, syncopation, and the fusion of African and European musical traditions. Examples are given of important jazz artists and their influential works that helped shape different eras of jazz such as New Orleans style, swing, and bebop.

    Original Title

    37-Jazz

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    This document provides an overview of the history and development of jazz music from its origins in ragtime and blues to modern styles like bebop and free jazz. Key elements discussed include improvisation, syncopation, and the fusion of African and European musical traditions. Examples are given of important jazz artists and their influential works that helped shape different eras of jazz such as New Orleans style, swing, and bebop.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views21 pages

    37 Jazz

    Uploaded by

    Edward Han
    This document provides an overview of the history and development of jazz music from its origins in ragtime and blues to modern styles like bebop and free jazz. Key elements discussed include improvisation, syncopation, and the fusion of African and European musical traditions. Examples are given of important jazz artists and their influential works that helped shape different eras of jazz such as New Orleans style, swing, and bebop.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 21

    MUS 100

    Introduction to Music
    Whitehall Classroom Building Room 231
    Yingchao Han (韩应潮)
    What Is Jazz?
    • Jazz was a musical genre/style created by
    African American musicians from the
    southern cities during the early 20th
    century.
    • Jazz has developed a rich variety of substyles
    and subgenres, and is respected as a major
    American art form.
    What Is Jazz?
    • Jazz fuses musical elements from African and
    European American musical traditions.
    • Common features of jazz styles include
    improvisation, syncopation, complicated
    rhythms, and swing note.
    The Root of Jazz: Ragtime
    • Ragtime is a style of composed piano music
    flourished at the beginning of the 20th
    century.
    • It was developed by African American
    pianists/composers playing in salons and
    dance halls.
    • It reached the mass although through sheet
    music, band transcriptions, and player pianos.
    Scott Joplin (1868-1917)
    Maple Leaf Rag
    • This piece, written in 1899, is a classic
    example of the genre ragtime.
    • Like most ragtime works, the meter is 2/4,
    yet the music features heavy use of
    syncopation on right-hand melody.
    • The musical form consists of several sections
    with clear phrase structure.
    The Root of Jazz: Blues
    • The term “blues” refers both to a form of
    vocal music and to a style of performance,
    both grew out of African American folk
    music.
    • Blues originated during the late 19th century
    in rural areas in south, and became a national
    craze after World War I.
    • Blues singers usually involve “blues” notes:
    slightly lowering a note, in their singing.
    Bessie Smith (1894-1937)
    Lost Your Head Blues
    • This blues was released in 1926, the text
    expresses the feelings of a woman who plans
    to leave her lover after being “treated wrong.”
    • The singer is accompanied by a piano and a
    cornet.
    • The vocal part is full of “blues” notes and
    slides.
    • The instrumental parts provides syncopated
    rhythms in 2/4 meter.
    Early Jazz: New Orleans
    Style
    • The early center of jazz music was New
    Orleans, which was a major port and
    commercial center.
    • The New Orleans style (Dixieland) jazz is
    played by a small group of musicians.
    • The melody is usually improvized by a
    cornet/trumpet or a clarinet. The rhythm is
    provided by percussions, doublebass, and
    keyboards/plucked string instruments.
    Louis Armstrong (1901-1971)
    Hotter Than That
    • This 1927 piece features Louis Armstrong
    playing cornet with his small band.
    • The music emphasizes improvisatory solos of
    Armstrong and the clarinet players Johnny
    Dodds.
    • It starts with several solo sections, and ends
    with collective improvisation of the soloists.
    Early Jazz: Swing
    • Swing was an early jazz style popular in
    1930s and 40s.
    • This style features big bands with more than
    ten musicians. Therefore, there is less
    improvisation in music.
    • The melody of swing music is sometimes
    played by a group of instruments rather
    than solos.
    Duke Ellington (1899-1974)
    C-Jam Blues
    • This 1942 piece was played by Duke
    Ellington and his band.
    • The piece starts with a section featuring a
    group of saxophones.
    • The melodies are then played by different
    instruments in the band one after another.
    • The accompaniment is very rich, and
    sometimes contains its main melody.
    Bebop
    • This style was developed during the mid
    1940s.
    • It features fast tempo, complex harmony, and
    virtuosic improvisation.
    • The instrumentation is small, with one or
    two solo instruments (saxophone and/or
    trumpet) and a group of accompaniment
    instruments.
    Charlie Parker (1920-1955)
    KoKo
    • This piece appeared in 1945. It is played by
    five instruments: saxophone, trumpet, piano,
    doublebass, and drum kit.
    • It is in an ABA like form, the A parts feature
    alterations between different instruments,
    and the B part is a very long saxophone solo.
    • The tempo is very fast, and the rhythm and
    phrase structure are both free.
    Free Jazz
    • This style appeared in the 1950s and 60s.
    • It broke down the convention by discarding
    fixed harmonic progressions and tempos.
    • The music is more varying, frequently
    includes unconventional sounds/instruments.
    • The performing force is small.
    • The musicians view their works as serious art
    equal to Western art music rather than mere
    entertainment.
    John Coltrane (1926-1967)
    Alabama
    • This 1963 piece features John Coltrane
    playing saxophone accompanied by piano,
    doublebass, and drums.
    • It is a statement of African American civil
    rights written after a bombing happened in
    Alabama.
    • The music consists of a contemplative
    melody with a sustained bass.
    • There is little sense of regular meter.

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