Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 13 views

    Glycolysis Powerpoint

    Uploaded by

    Sam Christian Duco
    This document discusses glycolysis, which is the metabolic process that releases energy from glucose. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of cells and involves 10 steps. The first 5 steps are the energy-requiring phase, which uses two ATP molecules to split glucose into two 3-carbon molecules. The last 5 steps are the energy-releasing phase, which produces four ATP molecules and two NADH molecules. In total, glycolysis converts one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, produces a net of two ATP molecules, and two NADH molecules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Glycolysis Powerpoint

    Uploaded by

    Sam Christian Duco
    13 views25 pages
    This document discusses glycolysis, which is the metabolic process that releases energy from glucose. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of cells and involves 10 steps. The first 5 steps are the energy-requiring phase, which uses two ATP molecules to split glucose into two 3-carbon molecules. The last 5 steps are the energy-releasing phase, which produces four ATP molecules and two NADH molecules. In total, glycolysis converts one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, produces a net of two ATP molecules, and two NADH molecules.

    Original Title

    GLYCOLYSIS-POWERPOINT

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses glycolysis, which is the metabolic process that releases energy from glucose. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of cells and involves 10 steps. The first 5 steps are the energy-requiring phase, which uses two ATP molecules to split glucose into two 3-carbon molecules. The last 5 steps are the energy-releasing phase, which produces four ATP molecules and two NADH molecules. In total, glycolysis converts one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, produces a net of two ATP molecules, and two NADH molecules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views25 pages

    Glycolysis Powerpoint

    Uploaded by

    Sam Christian Duco
    This document discusses glycolysis, which is the metabolic process that releases energy from glucose. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of cells and involves 10 steps. The first 5 steps are the energy-requiring phase, which uses two ATP molecules to split glucose into two 3-carbon molecules. The last 5 steps are the energy-releasing phase, which produces four ATP molecules and two NADH molecules. In total, glycolysis converts one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, produces a net of two ATP molecules, and two NADH molecules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 25

    Prayer

    Glycolysis

    Presented by: GROUP 2


    Glycolysis
    Objectives:

    Define the meaning of Glycolysis

    Explain the 10 steps/processes of Glycolysis

    Determine the importance of Glycolysis


    Energizer
    Overview:
    What is Glycolysis?
    Glycolysis (AKA the glycolytic pathway) is the metabolic process
    that releases energy from glucose.
    During glycolysis, a single molecule of glucose is split into two 3-
    carbon molecules, called pyruvates. At the same time, energy is
    extracted from glucose and converted into ATP, which is then
    used to fuel other cellular processes.
    Glycolysis takes place in the cytosol of cells, can happen with or
    without oxygen, and involves a series of 10 chemical reactions.
    10 Steps of Glycolysis

    There are 10 steps of glycolysis, each involving a different


    enzyme.
    Steps 1 – 5 make up the energy-requiring phase of glycolysis and
    use up two molecules of ATP.
    Steps 6 – 10 are the energy-releasing phase, which produces four
    molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADPH.
    The net products of glycolysis are two molecules of pyruvate, two
    molecules are ATP, and two molecules of NADPH

    Learning Check
    1. Also known as the glycolytic
    pathway, is the metabolic process
    that releases energy from glucose.

    2. Where does glycolysis occurs?

    3. How many steps/processes occurs in Glycolysis?

    4. What are the two phases of glycolysis?


    Answers
    1. Glycolysis
    2. Cytosol of Cells
    3. 10 steps
    4. Energy-requiring & Energy-releasing
    Activity 1
    The Enegy-Requiring Phase of
    Glycolysis

    During the energy-requiring phase of glycolysis,


    two ATP molecules are used to split one
    molecule of glucose into two molecules of
    glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
    Step 1
    In the first step of glycolysis, a phosphate group is
    transferred from ATP to glucose, creating glucose-6-
    phosphate. This reaction is called phosphorylation
    and is catalyzed by the enzyme hexokinase.

    Step 1 of glycolysis uses one molecule of ATP.


    Step 2
    During step two of glycolysis, glucose-6-phosphate
    is converted into fructose-6-phosphate by the
    enzyme phosphoglucomutase.

    Fructose-6-phosphate is an isomer of glucose-6-


    phosphate.
    Step 3
    A second ATP molecule is used to phosphorylate
    fructose-6-phosphate, producing fructose-1,6-
    bisphosphate.

    This step is catalyzed by phosphofructokinase.


    Steps 4 & 5
    Step 4:

    The enzyme aldolase splits fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into


    two three-carbon sugars. These are dihydroxyacetone
    phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP).

    These two sugars are isomers of one another.

    Step 5:
    The DHAP from step 6 is rapidly converted into GAP by the
    enzyme triose-phosphate isomerase.
    The Energy-Releasing Phase of
    Glycolysis

    During the energy-releasing phase of glycolysis, the


    two molecules of GAP produced in the first 5 steps
    are converted into pyruvate.

    This process produced four molecules of ATP and


    two molecules of NADPH.
    Step 6
    The enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
    dehydrogenase (GAPDH) catalyzes two processes at
    once.
    First, it oxidizes GAP. At the same time, NAD+ is
    reduced to NADH and H+.
    The overall reaction releases energy, which is used
    to phosphorylate GAP and creates two 1,3-
    bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) molecules.
    Step 7
    Each of the two BPG molecules produced in step 6
    donates a phosphate group to an ADP molecule,
    forming two molecules of ATP and two molecules
    of 3-phosphoglycerate (3 PGA). .
    This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme
    phosphoglycerate kinase
    Steps 8 & 9
    Step 8:
    Phosphoglyceromutase converts the two 3 PGA
    molecules into 2-phosphoglycerate molecules (2 PGA). 3
    PGA and 2 PGA are isomers of one another.

    Step 9:
    The enzyme enolase removes a water molecule from
    each of the 2 PGA molecules formed in step 8. This
    creates two molecules of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).
    Step 10
    A phosphate group is transferred
    from PEP to ADP. This reaction is
    catalyzed by pyruvate kinase and
    creates two molecules of ATP and
    two molecules of pyruvate.
    Product of Glycolysis
    The net products of glycolysis are two molecules
    of ATP, two molecules of pyruvate, and two
    molecules of NADH. If oxygen is present, the
    pyruvate can now be used in aerobic
    respiration.
    The enzyme enolase removes a water molecule from
    each of the 2 PGA molecules formed in step 8.
    This creates two molecules of phosphoenolpyruvate
    (PEP)
    The ATP produced by glycolysis is used to fuel
    all other cellular processes, and the NADH is
    recycled back to NAD+ for use in future rounds
    of glycolysis.
    Video
    ntation
    Prese
    Key points of Glycolysis:
    It is a process in which a glucose molecule is
    broken down into two molecules of pyruvate.
    The process takes place in the cytosol of cells.

    It has two phases: Energy-requiring phase (Steps 1-


    5) and Energy-releasing phase (Steps 6-10)
    Glycolysis starts with one molecule of glucose and
    ends with 2 pyruvate molecules, 2 ATP molecules,
    and two molecules.
    Activity 2

    Your paragraph text


    Thank you for listening.

    You might also like