UNHCR Mozambique 2022 End of Year Report

MOZAMBIQUE
END OF
YEAR 20
REPORT 22
Table of Contents
3 OVERVIEW
Foreword from the Country Representative
Humanitarian snapshot
Operational context: UNHCR Mozambique
10 STRATEGIC DIRECTION | MOZAMBIQUE 2023
11 STRENGTHENING DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIPS TO BUILD BETTER FUTURES
14 REFUGEES AND ASYLUM-SEEKERS

Protection
Education
Health
Durable solutions
30 STATELESSNESS
32 PROTECTION AND SOLUTIONS

Civil Documentation and Legal Aid
Child Protection
Gender Based Violence (GBV)
People Living with Disabilities
Mental Health and Psychosocial (MHPSS) support
Empowering Communities: Protection Focal Points
Protection Monitoring
Durable Solutions for IDPs
Protection Coordination
Accountability to Affected People (AAP)
48 LIVELIHOODS
Technical and vocational training
Business development (cash grants)
Employability (Internship and start-up kits)
Capacity building and private sector engagement (Maratane)
Livelihood emergency response
54 CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP MANAGEMENT
58 SHELTER AND CORE RELIEF ITEMS

Cyclone Gombe – shelter and infrastructure
Core relief items (CRIs)
UNHCR CRI strategy
64 CLIMATE ACTION
xxxx
68 EVENTS IN 2022
World Refugee Day (WRD)
World Mental Health Day
16 Days of Activism against Gender-Based Violence
71 PARTNERSHIPS AND COORDINATION
72 DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS
73 FUNDING AND DONORS
xxxx
OVERVIEW
Foreword from the Country Representative
2022 marked the fifth year of the crisis in Cabo Delgado, which saw the number of
displaced people pass the one million mark for the first time. In 2022 Cyclone Gombe
wreaked havoc across the north of the country, including Nampula province.
2022 was also the year that UNHCR scaled up its operation significantly to respond to this
displacement. UNHCR’s scaling-up meant addressing the urgent needs of displaced and
host communities by placing protection at the center of all sectors, refining our camp
management and coordination structures, designing, and establishing better durable
shelters and infrastructure, strengthening and expanding community mobilization,
including the promotion of social cohesion between the displaced and the local host
communities, and ensuring that the most vulnerable had sufficient core relief items (CRIs).
UNHCR Mozambique, with great support from our donors and partners, made enormous
contribution towards providing lifesaving protection services and relief assistance to
refugees, asylum seekers and IDPs. As the lead agency coordinating the Protection Cluster
in Mozambique, and a key member of the Camp Coordination and Camp Management
(CCCM) and the Shelter/CRI clusters, UNHCR continued to mainstream protection in all
sectors and support different actors towards a concerted and coordinated response to
seek solutions for IDPs.
Through the generous funding received by our donors, UNHCR worked closely with the
local authorities and partners in all clusters to ensure that community-based protection
interventions were mainstreamed. Nearly half a million people were assisted with many
types of protection interventions such as MHPSS and GBV support. In addition, some
18,000 people were assisted with civil documentation, over 70,000 received CRIs and
64,000 received education assistance. Our CCCM and Shelter response enables IDPs to live
in dignified and planned settlements/sites, with access to adequate shelter that allows
households to have privacy, security, and emotional support. During the period in review,
UNHCR supported the inclusion of refugees and IDPs in national services and systems,
including national data systems and climate related contingency planning and response.
It is our pleasure to share with you the work of UNHCR during the year 2022. The report
presents the humanitarian situation and challenges, our response, and achievements as
well as stories from refugee and IDP communities in Mozambique.
It would be amiss of me not to mention the support UNHCR received from the Government
of Mozambique for the great cooperation UNHCR enjoys with INAR, INGD, the Ministry of
Health, the Ministry of Education, IFPELAC and DPGCAS. In the same vein, we thank our
donors, development partners, sister UN agencies, and NGO partners. With support and
resources from all our partners, we have been able to increase our response to address
the needs of the affected populations. As we move away from annual planning to a multi-
year strategy, we plan to do even more, and we look forward to your continued support.
Finally, our achievements in 2022 could not have been possible if not for our dedicated
staff in Maputo, Nampula and Pemba, whose hard work and selflessness has made me
proud. Thank you for your dedication and hard work!
I look forward to achieving even more together in 2023.
Samuel Armstrong Chakwera

UNHCR Country Representative
UNHCR and INAR at Maratane Refugee Settlement. © UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney
HUMANITARIAN
SNAPSHOT
1.5M 31K+ 1M+

PEOPLE IN NEED OF ASYLUM SEEKERS IDPs
HUMANITARIAN AND REFUGEES
ASSISTENCE
1.5M 1.3M 386K

PROTECTION HEALTH EDUCATION
622K 982K 1.1M

CCCM SHELTER AND CRIs FOOD SECURITY
AND LIVELIHOODS
PAGE | 4 ANNUAL REPORT 2022

The Reality of Road Conditions during the rainy season in Nampula. © UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney
Operational Context: UNHCR Mozambique

Mozambique ranks 181 out of 189 countries on the 2021 Human Development Index. It
faces large-scale internal displacement caused by violent conflict in the north, hosts a
protracted refugee population, is strongly affected by climate change, and is regularly
exposed to extreme weather events such as cyclones and floods. The impact of COVID-19,
disease outbreaks such as cholera, and conflict in the north, further compound the
vulnerabilities of the population to economic shocks, fragility and poverty.
The country is rich in natural resources such as natural liquid gas. There are 1.62 million
people in need of urgent humanitarian assistance and protection (HNO 2023) with
1,028,000 people displaced internally in northern Mozambique (IOM DTM, November
2022). Violations against civilians continued such as killing, beating, extortion, widespread
damage to property and core public services, grave violations of children’s rights and
conflict related sexual violence. Mozambique hosts over 30,000 refugees and asylum
seekers, mainly from east and central Africa. 67 per cent of these refugees and asylum
seekers live in urban and rural areas, while the remaining 33 per cent reside in the
Maratane Refugee Settlement in Nampula province.
UNHCR’s government counterpart, INAR, under the Ministry of Interior, is the lead authority
on refugees in Mozambique. In 2022, Mozambique was impacted by five tropical storms
along its northern coastal areas, affecting thousands of families, including refugees, asylum
seekers and IDPs. More than 736,000 people were affected in the north of Mozambique
due to Tropical Cyclone Gombe in March 2022 with ongoing dramatic impacts. According to
the National Institute for Disaster Risk Management and Reduction (INGD) 63 people lost
their lives to Cyclone Gombe mostly in the Nampula, Niassa and Zambezia provinces, while
108 were injured. Maratane refugee settlement in Nampula, the only official refugee
settlement in Mozambique, was also heavily hit with over 80 per cent of shelters damaged,
and infrastructure, warehouse, schools, and health centres destroyed.
ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE | 5

Over one million internally displaced people (IDPs) were recorded in Cabo Delgado,
Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Inhambane, and Zambezia provinces due to conflict and
violence perpetrated by Non-State Armed Groups (NSAGs). Attacks and subsequent
displacement continue with newly displaced often in need of urgent life-saving
assistance, including food, shelter, and basic services. Meanwhile with the conflict in its
fifth year, finding sustainable solutions remains paramount. During 2022, transport
fees increased significantly due to growing demand and the impact of the Ukraine
crisis, so many people were forced to travel by foot, and subsequently were exposed to
protection risks, particularly people with heightened vulnerabilities, such as GBV
survivors, children, older people, people living with disabilities, pregnant women, and
single women heads of households.
UNHCR Offices In Mozambique
121 Staff
69 National staff
Pemba 52 International staff

Nampula
42 staff
In Maputo
Country Office
44 staff
In Pemba
LEGEND
Sub-Office

Country Office
Sub-Office
35 staff
In Nampula
Field Office Field Office

Maputo
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

Staff at Pemba Sub-Office Staff at Nampula Field Office Staff at Maputo Country Office
ANNUAL REPORT 2022

© UNHCR Mozambique
© UNHCR Mozambique
© UNHCR Mozambique
PAGE | 7
UNHCR 2022 Operational Presence In Mozambique
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

2022 Population of Refugees and Asylum-seekers in Mozambique

STRATEGIC DIRECTION| MOZAMBIQUE 2023
In 2023, UNHCR Mozambique will focus on three key areas:

Addressing the protection and assistance needs and supporting
durable solutions for internally displaced people in the northern
provinces of Cabo Delgado, Nampula and Niassa, as well as the
communities that host them.
Addressing the protection and assistance needs and supporting
durable solutions for refugees and asylum seekers, as well as the
Cross cutting UNHCR's entire response, supporting preparedness and
response efforts to natural hazards, including cyclones, flooding and
drought.
Through this engagement, UNHCR will continue adopting an age, gender and diversity (AGD)
approach to meet the needs of people while maintaining a focus on accountability to affected
populations (AAP). UNHCR will also continue reinforcing its operational presence and
coordination leadership in protection, and continue its strong footprint in the areas of
shelter/CRI and camp coordination and camp management (CCCM) through operational
response, technical expertise, and active participation in coordination forums. It will continue to
strengthen protection advocacy, increase development partnerships to amplify and reinforce
protection mainstreaming and address the needs of refugees, asylum seekers and internally
displaced people more sustainably. UNHCR will also increase its capacity to engage in climate
related preparedness activities such as pre-positioning core relief items (CRIs), capacity
development of the Government and partners, and strengthening communities’ role in
preparedness, response, and solutions.
The age, gender, and diversity (AGD) approach is applied to all protection interventions designed
and implemented in the field as well as to Camp Coordination and Camp Management,
livelihoods, and shelter/core relief items interventions. This approach continues to prioritize
interventions for people with disabilities and with specific needs such as pregnant and lactating
women, unaccompanied and separated children, the elderly, and female-headed households, to
account for the differing needs of displaced people.
But we need financial resources to do this

Mozambique has become a “forgotten emergency” as other crises
dominate global headlines. UNHCR appeals to donors to prioritize their
funding to the response in Mozambique to assist the most vulnerable.

STRENGTHENING DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIPS
TO BUILD BETTER FUTURES
With the realization that humanitarian efforts alone are insufficient to meet the vast needs of
people forced to flee and work towards solutions, in 2022, UNHCR Mozambique prioritized the
scale-up of its engagement with development actors to advance the inclusion of forcibly
displaced people in development plans, programmes and national systems. To this end, UNHCR
is increasingly working with the Government across line ministries, national, provincial and
district levels, and development actors to harness opportunities to address sustainably
vulnerabilities of forcibly displaced people, invest in and build resilience among communities and
facilitate solutions to forced displacement. In 2022, UNHCR worked with development actors to
help leverage their policy, technical and financial capacities to better meet the needs of forcibly
displaced people and support the expansion of programmes and services also to remote areas
hosting people forced to flee and, thus, leave no-one behind.
International commitments, such as the 'New Way of Working', Global

Compact on Refugees and the UN Secretary General’s High-Level Panel
on Internal Displacement call on humanitarian and development actors to
work collaboratively together, based on their comparative advantages,
towards collective outcomes that reduce needs, risks and vulnerabilities
over multiple years.
How UNHCR Mozambique supports development actors to engage in fragile

and displacement contexts:
Provide data on Facilitate access and

displaced people and logistics.
their needs.
Supply content on the Advise on program

protection design.
environment.
Support development Support governments in

actors in adopting a reforming polices and
strategic focus on regulations.
displacement.

Strategic Partnership between African Development Bank and UNHCR
“The Bank’s collaboration with the UNHCR in

Mozambique is a central example of just how
partnerships do work across the humanitarian,
development and peace nexus to drive lasting solutions
for those who matter most: the people. Through this latest
intervention, we are promoting long-term and sustainable
income-earning opportunities to foster self-reliance and
Mr. Cesar Augusto Mba Abogo,
contribute toward living a dignified life for refugee
Country Manager,
households, internally displaced people, and vulnerable African Development Bank Group
members of the host communities in Nampula and Cabo
Delgado Provinces.”
In 2022, UNHCR and the African Development Bank (AfDB)

continued to strengthen their partnership and are now
systematically working together at the strategic and programmatic
levels. The aim is to achieve tangible solutions for forcibly displaced
people and foster their inclusion in national systems and services in
a way that also benefits host communities. The collaboration
targets fragile contexts in Mozambique. A joint multi-year flagship
project started in August 2022 to develop market systems and
value chains, enhance private sector engagement, and facilitate
access to financial services for IDPs, refugees, asylum seekers and
host communities across Nampula and Cabo Delgado Provinces.
"With the Mwajuma Monee, is one of 9,300 refugees and asylum-seekers

agricultural living in Maratane refugee settlement in Nampula Province, where
kits I am able she lives with a family of six. Through the partnership between the
Government of Mozambique, the African Development Bank and
to farm, feed
the UNHCR, she received access to agricultural kits, containing
my family tools and seeds, as well as business trainings to learn how to better
and also sell bring her produce to markets. This project supports not only
produce at herself and her family but contributes to the wider refugee
settlement by increasing the self-reliance of the people living within
the local
the settlement. It also advances the socio-economic development
market. This of the wider refugee hosting area as well as inclusion and social
also helps cohesion between refugees and the communities that host them.
the entire
In addition, in Nampula province, UNHCR, the African Development
community."
Bank, and the Government of Mozambique, partner to provide
- Mwajuma electricity to refugees and internally displaced people as part of the
Monee nationwide Energy for All project.

Strategic Partnership between UNHCR and the German Development
Cooperation
In 2022, a strategic partnership between UNHCR and the German Development Cooperation
was developed as one of the first pilot countries globally to better meet the needs of people
forced to flee in a more sustainable way. The strategic partnership has a strong operative
element in which GIZ and UNHCR jointly implement with the goal to improve living conditions of
internally displaced people, refugees and members of the host population, especially women
and youth, in selected communities in northern Mozambique.
Collaboration has already started with Government actors across a range of line ministries
including the Ministry for External Affairs and Development (Ministério dos Estrangeiros e
Cooperação), the Agency for Integrated Development in the North (Agencia de
desenvolvimoiento integrado do norte), the National Employment Institute (Instituto Nacional de
Emprego I. P.) and the Institute for Technical and Vocational Training (Instituto de Formacao
Profissional), UN agencies, civil society organizations, forcibly displaced people and host
community members. The collaboration spans across five interlinked intervention areas -
technical and vocation training, income generation, social cohesion and psychosocial support,
integrated protection services including response to gender-based violence and civil registration,
as well as improving cooperation across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus to avoid
duplications and improve the impact on the people we serve.
Strategic Partnership between UNHCR and the German Development

Cooperation
“The Partnership between the German Development

Cooperation and UNHCR is an important step to further
align the efforts of the international community to
support forcibly displaced persons. The rapid increase in
humanitarian crises and their growing complexity
indicates that those working in humanitarian assistance
and development cooperation need a more integrated,
Mr Ingmar Kreisl efficient and sustainable way of working if they are to
Deputy Head of Cooperation, achieve better impacts in crisis contexts. By joining forces
Embassy of the Federal with UNHCR we work to alleviate the humanitarian needs
Republic of Germany
while also achieving long-term development objectives
for the people of Mozambique.”

31,376
REFUGEES AND Refugees and Asylum-
seekers were supported
ASYLUM-SEEKERS with different services.
Refugees in Mozambique. © UNHCR Mozambique

Mozambique hosts over 30,000 refugees and asylum-seekers mainly from east and central
African countries. 67 per cent of all refugees and asylum seekers live in urban and rural areas
(18 per cent in Maputo province, 16 per cent in Maputo city, 9 per cent in Nampula city and
surrounding areas, and 24 per cent in the provinces of Tete, Cabo Delgado and Zambezia), while
33 per cent in the Maratane Refugee Settlement.
The Government of Mozambique has signed and ratified several international and regional
instruments on the rights of refugees and asylum-seekers, including the 1951 Convention
Relating to the Status of Refugees (with reservation to several provisions) and its 1967 Protocol,
and well as the 1969 OUA Convention Governing Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa.
Despite the reservations, the Government largely supports access for refugees and asylum-
seekers to identification documents and birth registration, employment opportunities,
healthcare, education, and justice systems. Nevertheless, in each of these areas some challenges
remain in terms of access associated with legal status and significant gaps in availability of
services, not only for forcibly displaced people but also for the communities that host them.
UNHCR works very closely with INAR and other relevant lines Ministries to provide
comprehensive protection services to refugees and asylum seekers, as presented below.
UNHCR adopts an area-based approach to its livelihood and shelter and core relief programmes,
therefore the response presented in the relevant chapters encompasses refugees, asylum-
seekers, IDPs and well as host community.
Protection
Access to asylum and legal aid
In Mozambique, the refugee status determination (RSD) process is led by the Government.
Through this process, UNHCR provides institutional capacity building as well as direct legal
services, through its partner Comissão Episcopal para Migrantes, Refugiados e Deslocados
(CEMIRDE), to the asylum seekers. Legal aid services (including the provision of legal information,
counselling, assistance and representation) are also available for asylum seekers and refugees
across all areas where legal support is needed.
Registration and documentation
In November 2022, UNHCR and the National Institute for Refugee Support (INAR), UNHCR's main
government counterpart commenced a verification exercise of the refugee and asylum seeker
population in Mozambique. This process consists of verifying and updating individual registration
records using biometrics. Registered refugees and asylum seekers are entitled to a document
that provides them with legal residency in Mozambique and access to services. The verification
exercise began in late 2022 and will be completed in 2023.

In Mozambique, the issuance of travel documents for refugees has been on hold since 2017,
when convention travel documents were phased out by the Government. In 2022, UNHCR, in a
major breakthrough and in close collaboration with INAR and Serviço Nacional de Migração
(SENAMI), began the implementation of a project to re-issue biometric passports to refugees and
asylum seekers through the government system. The first passport was successfully issued in
December 2022.
UNHCR Representative and INAR National Director on joint Biometric Verification process using IRIS reading.
monitoring mission to the Verification Exercise in Maputo. © UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney
© UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
Community based protection
Community-based protection enables communities to assert their rights in safety and with
dignity. In Mozambique, UNHCR works closely with communities where refugees and asylum-
seekers live, to encourage their meaningful engagement in all aspects of decision-making that
affects them and that they play a leading role in bringing about sustainable change for their
communities.
In urban and camp settings, UNHCR works with community structures to identify the most
serious protection risks and explore their causes and effects. This also enables communities to
participate in decision-making on the best ways to respond to and prevent protection risks,
thereby increasing the impact and results of humanitarian interventions.
Protection case management
Protection case management is a structured method for providing responsive and remedial
support to people at heightened risk of rights violations that leads to increased safety, dignity
and resilience for the individual. In Mozambique, UNHCR works in close partnership with
Ministério do Gênero, Criança e Acção Social to provide a comprehensive package of services to
refugees and asylum seekers in the areas of child protection, gender-based violence and
support to people with specific needs.

Neima’s story
Four-year-old Neima Assane, the daughter of two

Congolese refugees, lives in Maratane since 2001.
Neima was born with a congenital heart disease, and
with speech and mobility impairments. With UNHCR's
support, medical equipment to assist Neima to stand
up and strengthen her muscles was acquired. Doctors
expect that this therapy can gradually improve her
motor skills and improve her quality of life.
© UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
In 2022, UNHCR worked with its partner Provincial Services of Social Affairs in supporting people
with disabilities in Maratane refugee settlement culminating with the provision of 15 assistive
devices. Sensitization activities with the wider refugee and host communities on non-
discrimination and social cohesion with people with disabilities was also conducted.

Education
64,000
Individuals were
assisted with
education services.
Students at Maratane Secondary School. © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda

“Education is the most powerful weapon which you
can use to change the world” - Nelson Mandela
UNHCR supports the inclusion of all refugees, asylum seekers and IDPs in national services and
systems while also scaling-up engagement with development and peace-building actors to
ultimately support the inclusion of displaced populations through expanding their respective
programming. The Government of Mozambique ensures access to primary and secondary
education to all refugee and asylum seekers children and youth through its commitment to the
Global Compact on Refugees.
In the province of Nampula, UNHCR has partnered with the Ministry of Education and Human
Development (MINEDH) to provide education services, and refugees can access education under
similar conditions as nationals. Refugee and host community children learn side by side in urban
schools in Nampula and in the two public schools of the Maratane refugee settlement.
UNHCR continues to support the primary and secondary schools in Maratane refugee
settlement, benefiting over 4,080 students, 19 refugee teachers and 72 national teachers.
Instant Network Schools (INS)
In response to under-resourced classrooms, the

Instant Network Schools (INS) was developed in
several countries across Africa to provide a holistic
solution to transform an existing classroom into a
multi-media hub for learning. It expands UNHCR's
educational interventions through ICT based
technology to enhance the teaching and learning
experience while equipping learners with necessary
digital skills. Since 2021, in Mozambique, UNHCR has
implemented the INS programme, with support from
the Ministry of Education and Human Development
(MINEDH) and the Vodafone Foundation. This has
made a strong contribution to the national education
sector by providing resources and support to
refugee-hosting schools and host communities in
Nampula. Over 61,000 students (48 per cent female)
have benefitted from the establishment of the INS
centers. The reach of this programme goes beyond
the students, with teachers, families and community
members also benefitting. In addition, the strong
support from MINEDH will help support the long-
Student of Maratane Secondary School.
© UNHCR/Emanuel Chambal term sustainability of the programme.

© UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
Third Level Education
As outlined in UNHCR 2030 Strategy for Refugee Education, higher education is a priority for
UNHCR and it represents an integral part of its protection and solutions mandate, as it promotes
self-reliance through increased access to opportunities for employment and entrepreneurship
and empowers students to contribute knowledge, skills, and leadership and to facilitate social
cohesion with host communities during displacement. In Mozambique UNHCR and partners
support a number of initiatives:
DAFI For the last 30 years, the German-backed, Albert Einstein

German Academic Refugee Initiative (DAFI) scholarship
“Over three decades, programme has helped transform the lives and prospects of
DAFI has been over 21,500 refugee students around the world. Some of the
transformative, fields they have majored in include medicine, business
providing opportunity administration, social and behavioral sciences, mathematics and
and hope to computer sciences and international relations. UNHCR has
thousands of refugee taken steps to expand access to higher education for refugees
students, enabling
and asylum seekers in Mozambique with currently 32 students
them to fulfill their
benefitting from the DAFI programme. The scholarship covers a
potential, and change
range of costs, including tuition fees, study materials, food,
their lives for the
transportation, accommodation and other expenses. To amplify
better,”
academic achievement and skills development, DAFI scholars
- Filippo Grandi - UN
also receive additional support through close monitoring,
High Commissioner
academic preparatory and language classes based on students’
for Refugees.
needs, as well as mentoring and networking opportunities.

MEET THE DAFI GRADUATES
Meet DAFI student Emeline Ishimwe, a Burundian

national who graduated in 2022 with a bachelor’s
degree in medicine from the University Eduardo
Mondlane (UEM) in Maputo. She was overjoyed at
the achievement and said “I have to thank UNHCR
for the support given to me during my academic
journey! I am and will be forever grateful to God
for the great opportunity. I am and will always be
available to cooperate with UNHCR in whatever
way possible. You can always count on my EMELINE ISHIMWE
disposition and support!” Burundian National
Meet DAFI student Auxyle Habiyaremye

(with his proud parents), a Rwandese
national who graduated with bachelor’s
degree in Computer and
Telecommunications Engineering from the
University A POLITECNICA in Maputo.
AUXYLE HABIYAREMYE
Rwandese National
UNICORE
UNHCR Representative wishing the six UNICORE scholars the best of luck before travelling to Italy. © UNHCR/Guilherme
Chirinda
In 2022, Mozambique was included for the first time, among the countries of asylum that would
participate in the project University Corridors for Refugees UNICORE 4.0, which is promoted by
32 Italian universities with the support of UNHCR and the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and
other partners. Six students were selected to study for their master’s degree from Mozambique
and traveled to Italy in November 2022. The selected students are exempt from tuition fees and
received financial support for plane tickets, visa-related expenses, and a study grant to help
them during their stay in Italy.
ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE |21

Bita (left) and Habari, together at UNHCR Field Office Nampula. © UNHCR/Axelle Chazal
From Childhood Friendship to Dream UNICORE Scholarships
Habari Ramazani (30) and Bita Bicundo (26) met as children in the Maratane Refugee Settlement
in Nampula, in 2004. Both men fled violence in their home country, the Democratic Republic of
the Congo (DRC), with their families when they were only small children in search of safety in
Mozambique. Habari and Bita soon became inseparable, sharing a love of football and a passion
for learning. Their drive to pursue an education would eventually take them across the world to
Italy to study. Through scholarships granted by the UNICORE programme, Habari is studying a
master’s degree in Innovation Development of Agri-food System at the University of Bari, while
Bita is studying International Relations and Organizations at the University of Campania Luigi
Vanvitelli in Caserta.
Despite the many challenges faced throughout their education journey, Habari and Bita
achieved undergraduate degrees in Statistics and Management Information and in Education
respectively. To help pay for their university fees, Habari worked with his father to cultivate a
two-hectare field of tomatoes. “This is such a rewarding opportunity” he says, “especially after trying
to find a job for the past five years without any success.” Bita also faced enrolment challenges and
financial difficulties and has struggled to find employment in his field of education. He is excited at the
prospect of finally “pursuing his dreams to further his studies.”
The two friends cried out with joy when they received acceptance by their respective universities.
They are thrilled to enter this new chapter of their life, yet anxious to leave their families with
Habari’s wife and young daughter staying behind in Mozambique. However, despite this, from
Italian cities some 240 kilometers apart on opposite sides of the country, the two childhood
friends are continuing being a constant support to each other.

Health
Over 65,000
Individuals benefited
from UNHCR supported
health services.
Technician using the new generation hemogram and bio-chemical machines provided by UNHCR. © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
Ministry of Health visits UNHCR/CUAMM GBV Response Project in Chiure, Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR/Colleen Roberts
Health is a fundamental human right for all, including refugees. Making it possible for refugees to
access healthcare is a top priority for UNHCR. According to the 1951 Refugee Convention,
refugees should have access to the same or similar healthcare as host populations. In
Mozambique, UNHCR has been supporting the Ministry of Health to ensure refugee as well as
host communities have access to essential health services that included nutrition, sexual and
reproductive health, mental health, maternal and child health care and other promotive and
preventive community health services. In 2022, refugees had access to healthcare at all levels,
that is primary, secondary, and tertiary health.
Increasing the Accessibility of Health care services in Nampula
Around 9,000 refugees are hosted in Maratane Refugee Settlement in Nampula. National health
systems need more support than ever to ensure that refugees and their local host communities
have access to life-saving and essential health care. UNHCR, in collaboration with local health
authorities, supported the construction of one laboratory equipped with new generation
hemogram and bio-chemical machines as well as one new blood bank with hematology
equipment. The Maratane health clinic is now among the five best health centres in Nampula
province.

UNHCR supported the expansion of the maternity ward in Maratane and
the procurement of one portable echography machine as well as
increasing the bed capacity from seven to 21. UNHCR also completed
the construction of the COVID-19 Transit Center. For refugees with
complex cases, who are referred from Nampula to Maputo to access
specialized services, UNHCR supports with transport, accommodation,
medicine and hospitalization fees.
66,000 beneficiaries, 1,173 births, increase of 36,755 individuals were

increase of 225% from 170% (668 births) from reached with health
2021 2021 promoting and disease
prevention messages
723 patients accessed 1,214 refugees had In coordination with

tertiary health care in access to HIV MOH, 20,700 children
Nampula through counselling, testing were vaccinated against
ambulance service and treatment services polio
supported by UNHCR
After refurbishment of 20 Community Health 4,856 were fully

maternity ward and Volunteers were vaccinated against Covid-
laboratory, Maratane is trained in health 19 with 4,912 receiving a
among the five best promotion, community single dose
health centers in health and first aid
Nampula province. psychosocial kit

Anastácia and her baby
Anastácia and her baby. © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
In June 2022, Anastácia Abudo, 24 years-old, gave birth to a healthy baby, four hours after being
admitted to the health centre's maternity ward in Maratane: She had just given birth when she
saw a UNHCR team at the hospital and she insisted on thanking them and telling the team her
story. “It was quite fast, I was at home when the contractions began, and my husband
immediately took me to the maternity ward. The staff were fantastic. I was well assisted with a
technician always monitoring my clinical status until the birth time, which went perfectly. I am
happy to know that tomorrow I will be heading home” she said exhaustedly, but happily.
Anastácia is one of the 37 patients who also received non-essential medicines through the
financial support of UNHCR channeled under the Program Partnership Agreement signed with
the Health, Women and Social Action District Services authorities. These items are critical during
the recovery time after giving birth. In 2022 Maratane registered 1,173 births, a 170 per cent
increase compared to 688 births in 2021.
Maratane Hospital and Cyclone Gombe
In March 2022, Cyclone Gombe struck and caused huge destruction across the north of
Mozambique. Maratane health center was not spared, with much damage incurred including
roofs blown off, the Covid 19 testing tent completely destroyed and the TB testing room
uninhabitable. However, UNHCR’s response was swift - assessment and renovation works were
conducted quickly, and the damaged sections were up and running again within a few weeks, in
addition to the new maternity section.

New maternity ward at Maratane Hospital. ©UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney
Above, is the inside of a new maternity ward at Maratane Hospital built after Cyclone
Gombe.
Below, is the UNHCR Regional Director and INAR Representative reopening the section
of the Maratane Hospital heavily damaged by Cyclone Gombe as well as the new
maternity ward.
Opening of A section of the Maratane Hospital damaged by Cyclone Gombe & new maternity wing. © UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney

Durable Solutions
In Mozambique the three traditional durable solutions are available to refugees: local
integration, voluntary repatriation, and resettlement. There is no hierarchy of durable solutions;
rather, an integrated approach that combines all three solutions and is implemented in close
cooperation with countries of origin, host States, humanitarian and development actors, as well
as the refugees themselves which usually offers the best chances for success. Enabling refugees
to become self-reliant pending the realization of an appropriate long-term solution is an
important first step towards achieving any of the three durable solutions. Working towards
solutions can also reduce the need for irregular onward movements by refugees.
Local Integration
Local integration is a complex and gradual process. At the 2019 Global Refugee Forum (GRF), the
Government of Mozambique pledged to continue the local integration of refugees and asylum-
seekers to create stronger collaboration between refugees and basic services by 2023. At
UNHCR’s 2021 Executive Committee meeting (2021 EXCOM), the Government of Mozambique
declared that it is “time to consider an out of camp policy for refugee assistance in Mozambique”
and requested UNHCR’s support and guidance in developing an out of camp plan for Maratane
refugee settlement. UNHCR has since worked closely with INAR - the Government's Refugee
Agency under Ministry of Interior, and various line ministries including the Ministry of Education
(MoE), Ministry of Health (MoH), the Ministry of Gender and Social Action (Acção Social) and the
Ministry of Justice (MoJ), to realize the government’s intentions.
Throughout 2022, UNHCR continued to support capacities of local authorities and service
providers to strengthen comprehensive protection and solutions-oriented response to refugees
and asylum-seekers. A particular priority was given to activities that can improve self-reliance
and inclusion into national systems and services, thereby advancing their local integration.
UNHCR, through its legal partner Comissão Episcopal para Migrantes, Refugiados e Deslocados
(CEMIRDE), continued the provision of legal aid to support the naturalization applications made
by refugees in Mozambique. UNHCR also worked closely with development actors to encourage
the expansion of development programmes and successfully achieved the inclusion of refugees
and asylum-seekers in areas such as education, healthcare, connectivity to energy and access to
markets.
Resettlement
Resettlement involves the identification and transfer of refugees from a state in which they have
sought international asylum protection to a third state which has agreed to admit them, as
refugees, with permanent residence status. Resettlement is regulated by strict criteria, policies
and processes and can only benefit a very small percentage of the refugee population (around
one per cent per year). In Mozambique, UNHCR makes use of resettlement as a complementary
protection instrument to provide effective solutions for individuals and/or families that face
acute protection needs that cannot be adequately addressed in Mozambique. In 2022, a total of
31 cases comprising of 139 individuals were submitted to third countries under the scheme,
while 24 people were resettled in Finland, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United States.

UNHCR Mozambique thanks its 2022 Resettlement Countries
Voluntary repatriation
Voluntary repatriation is the free and voluntary return to one’s country of origin in safety and
dignity. When making the decision of returning to their country of origin, it is important that
refugees and asylum-seekers do it based on relevant information on the prevailing conditions
and without external pressures. In 2022, UNHCR continued to provide support to individual
repatriation requests in Mozambique by assisting any refugee and asylum-seeker who
expressed their willingness to return to their countries of origin based on a free and informed
choice. In 2022, UNHCR assisted 221 individuals to voluntarily return to various countries of
origin, including Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Ivory Coast, Rwanda, and
Somalia.
UNHCR assisting repatriation at Maputo airport. © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda

UNHCR provided capacity
strengthening on statelessness
STATELESSNESS for Government, sister UN
agencies, academics and civil
society organisations.
Participants at a training on statelessness in Pemba, Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR Mozambique

Through a series of resolutions beginning in 1995, the UN General Assembly gave UNHCR
the formal mandate to identify stateless people, prevent and reduce statelessness around
the world, as well as to protect the rights of stateless people. 20 years earlier, the
Assembly asked UNHCR to provide assistance to individuals under the 1961 Convention
on the Reduction of Statelessness. UNHCR’s activities to prevent and reduce statelessness
falls under four main categories: identification, prevention, reduction, and protection.
While UNHCR is supporting birth registration for asylum seekers, refugees and IDPs, thus
reducing the risk of statelessness, it is also engaged in strengthening the knowledge and
awareness on statelessness throughout the country.
In December 2022, UNHCR organized a regional training in Pemba, Cabo Delgado on

statelessness which engaged key government officials, sister UN agencies, academics and
civil society organizations (CSOs) as potential advocates and interlocuters to move the
statelessness agenda forward. The workshop served to increase awareness and interest
around statelessness.
The regional workshop drew some key recommendations, which included:

Conduct more thorough research and identification of gaps that exist in the
nationality law of Mozambique that create situations of statelessness and increase the
risk of statelessness among populations of diverse backgrounds;
Analyze and recommend revision of some relevant provisions of the law that are not
aligned with the obligations of Mozambique to adhere to the 1954 and 1961
Conventions;
Strengthen the South African Regional Network through the participation of

Mozambican CSOs including UNHCR’s civil documentation project partner, the
Catholic University;
Organize a comprehensive training on statelessness for key stakeholders to move the

statelessness agenda forward.
These recommendations will be addressed through a comprehensive study on

statelessness to understand the dimension of the statelessness situation in the country.

485,000
PROTECTION AND Individuals were
reached with protection
SOLUTIONS interventions.
Focus group discussions with local community in Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR/Martim Pereira
The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) exists to protect and assist everyone who has been affected by
forced displacement.
UNHCR works closely with a range of stakeholders, including the Government of Mozambique, to
provide lifesaving protection services and assistance for refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs, IDP
returnees as well as host communities, while harnessing opportunities to invest in and build
resilience among communities and facilitate sustainable solutions to displacement. UNHCR also
strongly supports and advocates for the inclusion of all refugees and IDPs in national services
and systems, including national data systems and climate related contingency planning and
response.
UNHCR's protection services provided in Mozambique include, but are not limited to, protection
monitoring, capacity building, legal aid, protection case management, GBV case identification,
referral and response, child protection activities, community-based protection (CBP) initiatives,
mental health and psycho-social support (MHPSS), as well as a broad range of awareness raising
sessions and sensitization campaigns on different topics, ranging from protection and access to
civil documentation to gender-based violence. In the framework of its response, UNHCR works
to ensure that protection is mainstreamed in its own work and in the programming and activities
of other partners and organizations.
60,128 Protection Focal Points 813 graduates received

were trained to work with technical and vocational
displaced and host communities. education and training (TVET).
UNHCR and partners

supported 18,800 people to
Over 1,400 children were
successfully attain civil
supported with different services.
documentation.
679 people living with

disabilities were identified
Child recreational spaces were and 177 were provided with
created in Nampula, Zambezia and assistive devices
Niassa and 332 young people
were engaged in human rights,
peacebuilding, advocacy, and UNHCR assisted over 8,200
recreational activities. people through legal
counselling sessions, in
accessing identity documents.

Civil Documentation and Legal Aid
Civil documentation, such a birth
certificates and identification
cards, is often left behind or lost
when fleeing from violence or
natural hazards. Furthermore,
children are often born in areas
where they are not registered due
to lack of services, access, financial
means or insecurity. In addition,
some IDPs are not aware of how to
UNHCR Representative monitoring the Civil Documentation project in Corrane apply for personal documents or
IDP site, Nampula. © UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney
how to replace their lost ones.
The lack of documents places people at risk of statelessness as well as limits people’s ability to
move easily and access rights and services. This also often results in people being subject to
harassment, extortion and exploitation. As many people are not aware of the procedures
involved in obtaining new documents, UNHCR in cooperation with its partner Catholic University
of Mozambique (UCM), provides legal assistance and organizes awareness campaigns on access
to civil documentation to ensure that IDPs and host communities are aware of procedures for
the issuance and renewal of new identity documents as well as for the registration of newborns.
In 2022, UNHCR assisted over 8,200 people through legal counselling sessions, in accessing
identity documents.
In addition, in Cabo Delgado,
Nampula and Zambezia provinces,
the civil registration and
documentation project supported
by UNHCR, the Government of
Mozambique and UCM has enabled
displaced people and some
vulnerable host community
members to apply for
documentation. In addition, all the
people who are supported to
receive civil documentation can also
benefit from legal aid, through
specific desks locations at the same
place and operated by the same
partner, UCM. In 2022, UNHCR and
partners supported more than
18,800 people to successfully attain
civil documentation. These included
8,619 people from displaced and
host communities in Cabo Delgado,
Example of the Government ID card provided under the scheme in
7,400 people in Nampula, and 2,800 Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR/Martim Pereira
in Zambezia province.

Child Protection
Child Recreation Activities in Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR/Martim Pereira
Children represent 51 per cent of the IDP population and are among the most vulnerable
individuals particularly unaccompanied and separated children, children with disabilities and
young people, as well as children and young people who are associated with armed groups and
forces who are regularly exposed to various protection concerns. Many children have also been
exposed to violence, exploitation and abuse, loss of friends and family members, accumulated
stress and school drop-out. UNHCR, in coordination with its partners, tackles these concerns by
ensuring that protection is mainstreamed in recreational and child friendly activities and have
reinforced the capacities of partners, including governmental partners in identification and
referral and case management. UNHCR continues the identification and referral of children at
risk, including victims of grave violations, through protection monitoring and structured
community engagement.
Community-based protection activities have continued to build the capacities of children and
young people to develop and implement community-based projects to solve the issues they
identify, supporting the response to their own mental health and psychosocial support needs. As
enshrined in the Convention of the Rights of the Child, children have the right to play - as such,
UNHCR supports child friendly spaces and recreational activities. In collaboration with its
partners, recreational spaces for children were created in Nampula, Zambezia and Niassa
provinces.
The recreational areas are safe spaces which promote children's rights and are a place to
conduct recreation activities such as football matches, singing and plays with children as well as
being a tool to identify and tackle child mental health issues. 332 young people were engaged in
human rights, peace building, advocacy, and recreational activities.

Gender Based Violence (GBV)
© UNHCR/Martim Pereira
Among the most frequent GBV violations that have been reported in IDP sites and host
communities are rape, physical assault, denial of resources, and forced marriage. Fear of sexual
violence during NSAG attacks is also a key reason for women and girls’ first displacement as well
as secondary displacement. Furthermore, reporting conflict-related sexual violence is
challenging due to ongoing insecurity in specific locations, attached stigma, an eroded justice
system, and fear of reprisals. Child marriage, as well as traditional harmful practices, increased
significantly because of displacement, as families increasingly use child and early marriage as a
negative coping strategy to ease their economic burden. Forms of GBV especially affecting
women with disabilities include intimate partner violence, physical and sexual violence,
psychological violence, early and forced marriage, and economic exploitation.
Identification of GBV risks across all sectors, and the development of capacities that ensure
prompt action is taken to mitigate risks was carried out, including through conducting Safety
Audits to identify GBV risks and mitigate them through community-based and sector level
responses. GBV assessments and protection monitoring were conducted to ensure that GBV
gaps and risks, including sexual exploitation and abuse, are identified, and progress is tracked to
inform advocacy and programming. This included the safe and ethical collection and sharing of
GBV incident trends data through UNHCR’s case management services, as well rapid GBV
assessment missions in hard-to-reach locations.
Throughout 2022, UNHCR worked with the government and NGO service providers, displaced
and host communities, partners, and coordination mechanisms to respond to and prevent GBV
in Cabo Delgado and Nampula Provinces. In order to respond to the multiple needs of GBV
survivors, UNHCR’s comprehensive services include GBV case management, MHPSS, and legal
aid to support access to justice through GBV mobile teams in safe spaces. UNHCR also supports
programmes to economically empower displaced women through financial and business
literacy, livelihoods opportunities, and building networks.

Participants in GBV and MHPSS activities in Ntocota IDP Site, Metuge. © UNHCR Mozambique
“We at UNHCR, have been really well guided by women-led organizations

because they have years of experience in addressing gender-based
violence and engagement at the local level, and know what the needs
and gaps are.” - Colleen Roberts, UNHCR GBV Officer, Pemba
In times of displacement, women and girls face an increased risk of discrimination and gender-
based violence. UNHCR works to prevent this by ensuring fair aid distribution, access to safe
shelters and facilities and helping women overcome barriers to education and employment.
Working closely with women-led organizations allows UNHCR to tap into the knowledge and
skills of women specifically who have intimate experience in barriers they face. "To better protect
and empower the people we serve, UNHCR continued to work alongside local women-led
organizations.” explains Colleen Roberts. “It not only feels like our work is more effective but also so
much more valuable now.”
Furthermore, UNHCR has implemented community led GBV activities that help prevent GBV
through addressing gender inequality, discrimination and unequal power relations with men,
women, boys, and girls. The activities include awareness-raising sessions led by trained
community volunteers as well as scaling-up structured gender discussion groups, life-skills, and
integrated economic empowerment programming. UNHCR has trained over 560 community
volunteers, from both the IDP and host communities, to raise awareness of women's and girls’
legal rights.
In Nampula, Zambezia and Niassa, safe spaces composed of 35 women each were created with
the intention of allowing women to discuss issues that are of concern to them and create a safe
space for support for GBV survivors. Women from the safe spaces were trained in GBV and they
work as focal points for dissemination and sensitization of other women in the communities
where they are part.

GBV and Case Management training in Maratane. © UNHCR/Emanuel Chambal
UNHCR also undertakes GBV capacity building to ensure sustainability of the support provided.
In 2022, UNHCR continued developing the capacity of local authorities and NGOs so that they
are armed with the knowledge and skills needed to promote gender equality and to prevent,
mitigate, and respond to GBV. This included the roll out of the inter-agency GBV Case
Management Capacity Building Initiative jointly with UNFPA, and a learning package focusing on
enhancing the capacity of UNHCR, partners, and government community volunteers to conduct
GBV community engagement activities and support survivor disclosure. Furthermore, UNHCR
together with partners also conducted training sessions on GBV and case management in
Maratane refugee settlement for the Ministry of Social Affairs staff and other stakeholders to
reinforce their ability to address protection issues, including referral mechanisms.
Awareness raising as well as identification and referral of GBV cases to the appropriate services
within the government structures was conducted through the mobile brigades which take
integrated protection services to communities. Around 210 technicians from different services of
the government in the provinces of Nampula, Zambezia and Niassa were trained in GBV case
management and referral mechanisms which contributed to the strengthening of the overall
GBV response in these provinces.

Distribution of Assistive devices in Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR/Martim Pereira
People Living with Disabilities
People with disabilities represent one of the most vulnerable groups among displaced
communities due to mobility challenges they face during flight and their ability to access
services and humanitarian assistance in areas of displacement. People with disabilities have
received holistic support services through strengthened referral systems within UNHCR and
other interagency stakeholders including the government. To reinforce disability inclusion
across clusters, UNHCR continued to co-chair the Disability Working Group (WG) alongside the
Mozambican Forum of the Organizations of People with Disabilities (FAMOD), and prioritized the
empowerment of local organizations so as to include the voices of people with disabilities and
older people. It is estimated that in Cabo Delgado, 15 per cent of the IDPs live with some form
of disability and throughout
2022, people with disabilities
and older people received
targeted support and services
through UNHCR programmes
and the enhancement of
partnerships with local
organizations. UNHCR and
partner Humanity and Inclusion
(HI), together with government
health professionals, identified
679 people living with
disabilities in Chiure, Mueda
and Pemba districts of Cabo
Delgado and provided 122
assistive devices, such as
wheelchairs and crutches. Distribution of Assistive devices in Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR/Martim Pereira

Mental Health and Psychosocial (MHPSS) support
The widespread conflict and extreme weather events in the north of Mozambique has led to a
significant increase in people in dire need of mental health and psychosocial (MHPSS) support.
Displaced families that have experienced and/or witnessed violent incidents, are traumatized.
Many have faced danger before, during and after fleeing violence, including killings, separation of
families, abduction and recruitment of boys and girls, extortion, rape, and other forms of human
rights violations.
In 2022, UNHCR scaled up its MHPSS activities in Mozambique to support highly traumatized
groups and individuals throughout Cabo Delgado and Nampula. Types of activities included
providing mental health and psychosocial support to affect people including children, MHPSS
awareness raising and training of protection focal points.
For example, in Cabo Delgado, UNHCR, supported by partner AVSI’s psychologists, and
protection focal points, provided psychosocial support through home visits to women, men, girls,
boys, older people and people with disabilities. In Nampula, through its mobile brigades, UNHCR
and its partner ActionAid conducted awareness raising sessions and MHPSS counseling to
displaced people in the districts of Nampula, Zambezia and Niassa. The mobile brigades allowed
displaced people to access MHPSS services in their communities that otherwise would be
challenging to receive. In 2022, over 81,000 were reached with MHPSS activities.

Empowering Communities: Protection Focal
Points
In 2022, UNHCR and its partners worked with authorities, protection focal points, displaced and
host communities, UN agencies, NGOs and different Clusters to address the needs of families
forced to flee and the communities hosting them. Among the main components of the
community-based protection (CBP) strategy, community-based approaches and mechanisms
were developed and implemented to improve the protection environment of forcibly displaced
people. More specifically, UNHCR worked to strengthen community-based protection through
community engagement, establishing community-based structures, feedback and response
mechanisms, as well as creating a network of trained volunteers to mitigate, identify and refer
specific protection monitoring
UNHCR Representative issues inthe
theCivildisplaced communities.
Documentation project in Corrane
IDP site, Nampula @UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney
In Cabo Delgado, UNHCR's protection response continued to provide protection assistance and
services to displaced and host communities alongside local authorities and humanitarian
organizations while simultaneously strengthening and empowering communities’ structures as
part of the solution for their challenges.
In 2022, UNHCR trained 60,128 protection focal points, who worked closely with displaced and
host communities, disseminating messages on protection, PSEA, child marriage, and gender-
based violence (GBV), while also referring 8,888 cases with protection and assistance needs.
Also, to increase community awareness, UNHCR distributed information education and

communication (IEC) materials on GBV and PSEA to its partners. With the support from
protection focal points from displaced and host communities, UNHCR conducted regular
protection monitoring exercises to assess the main needs of displaced families and those
hosting them to plan and tailor its interventions accordingly.

Protection Monitoring
UNHCR's protection monitoring activities are critical to identifying protection risks and trends
and making referrals for people with heightened needs to specialized services. This evidence
base further serves to enhance advocacy efforts and informs programming, interventions and
decision making in displacement contexts. In 2022, over 27,200 internally displaced and
returnee families- representing more than 136,000 individuals, were interviewed across Cabo
Delgado for protection monitoring. UNHCR ensured an adequate representation of age, gender
and diversity across the families interviewed.
The main protection needs identified during protection monitoring (July - December 2022)
include access to livelihoods, civil documentation, legal assistance, safety and security, and child
protection (including education).
Visit to affected sites in Chalaua, Moma district, Nampula Province after Cyclone Gombe. © UNHCR Mozambique

Inclusive access to services is part of integration. Residents of Corrane IDP site in Nampula have been provided access to electricity.
© UNHCR Mozambique
Durable Solutions for IDPs
An integral part of UNHCR Mozambique’s Protection Strategy is seeking durable solutions for
refugees and IDPs. In the effort to find durable solutions for IDPs, UNHCR is guided by the Inter-
Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Framework for Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced
Persons and Principles 28-29 of the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement. As stated in the
IASC Framework, a durable solution for IDPs is achieved when internally displaced people no
longer have any specific assistance and protection needs that are linked to their displacement
and can enjoy their human rights without discrimination on account of their displacement. It can
be achieved through:
Sustainable reintegration in their place of origin (return);
Sustainable local integration in the places where IDPs take refuge (local integration); or
Sustainable integration in another part of the country (settlement elsewhere).
Guided by the SG action Agenda on Internal Displacement, UNHCR is engaged at operational

and inter-agency levels to 1) help IDPs find a durable solution to their displacement, 2) support
efforts to mitigate risk of new displacement, and 3) ensure IDPs and affected communities
receive timely and effective protection and assistance.
A tripartite partnership with INGD, UNHCR and the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) was
established, and following support provided to the development of the Policy and Strategy on
Internal Displacement Management (PEGDI) in 2021, UNHCR supported the dissemination of the
PEGDI throughout the country in 2022.

Within the framework of the Guiding Principles on Durable Solutions, UNHCR actively promotes
an inclusive and principled approach to durable solutions with the aim of ensuring that IDPs are
availed the three options, and that their views are heard with the pursuit of the durable solution
option deemed most viable for them.
Through the UNHCR-led Protection Cluster, the Office supported key advocacy messages on the
relocations of IDPs, while taking a multi-pronged approach to support local integration and
return where conditions of safety, dignity and voluntariness have been met. In the Cabo Delgado
district of Montepuez, targeted quick impact projects, (e.g., the construction of a shaded waiting
area at a hospital), benefiting IDPs and host communities were designed with full engagement of
the affected communities to enhance local integration prospects and promote social cohesion.
UNHCR recognizes the Government's leadership role as the primary duty bearer and
coordinator of the response, and in turn invests in strengthening capacities. In Palma, a major
spontaneous return destination, UNHCR carried out a protection risk assessment in September
2022 to support returnees' immediate protection needs, mitigate future protection risks,
enhance re-integration prospects, support national capacity to cater for the needs of the
returnees and inform programming. For instance, targeted livelihood interventions and GBV
specialized support in collaboration with the Social District for Health, Women and Social Action
(SDSMAS) commenced in 2022. UNHCR has further developed a training manual on
peacebuilding and conducted detailed training to selected male and female young people, as
they are key actors to attain peace and eventually durable solutions.
At the interagency level, and in close coordination with the Office of the Special Advisor to the SG
on Solutions to Internal Displacement, UNHCR co-chairs the Solutions Working Group in
Mozambique alongside IOM, which coordinates the work of relevant UN agencies.
Joint assessment meeting with local authorities in Angoche district, Nampula Province after Cyclone Gombe.
© UNHCR Mozambique

UNHCR and INGD joint training for disaster risk reduction committee members in Nampula Province. © UNHCR Mozambique
Protection Coordination
UNHCR chairs the Protection Cluster and the Community Engagement and Accountability to
Affected Populations (AAP) Working Group, and co-chairs the Prevention of Sexual Exploitation
and Abuse (PSEA) Working Group in Cabo Delgado with Save the Children, and the Disability
Working Group with Mozambican Forum of the Organizations of People with Disabilities
(FAMOD).
Protection Cluster
In Mozambique, the cluster system was first established following the sheer destruction and
impact of Tropical Cyclone Idai when it made landfall in Sofala in March 2019. Following Idai,
Cyclone Kenneth and the conflict in Cabo Delgado led to the cluster system remaining active in
Mozambique. UNHCR leads the Protection Cluster with a dedicated cluster coordination team in
both Maputo and Cabo Delgado, responding in situations of both and conflict and climate
shocks in northern Mozambique.
Within the context of conflict induced displacement in Cabo Delgado, Nampula and Niassa
provinces, the Protection Cluster coordinated the protection response involving 20 partners,
including jointly with the GBV area of responsibility (GBV AoR led by UNFPA) and the Child
Protection AoR (led by UNICEF) for a total of 1.5 million people in need including IDPs and
members of host communities.

At the close of 2022, Protection Cluster partners supported 602,000 people with a range of
protection activities including community-based protection, case management, sensitization,
protection monitoring, support to people with disabilities, GBV case management, distribution of
dignity kits, and family tracing. The Protection Cluster also coordinated the update of twelve
district protection referral pathways, organized three intention surveys in response to situations
where IDPs were being relocated/returned, led a Protection Analysis Workshop that resulted in
the first Protection Analysis Update for Cabo Delgado, coordinated ten national protection
cluster meetings and 24 Cabo Delgado Protection Cluster meetings. The Protection Cluster is key
in ensuring mainstreaming and inclusion of protection within inter-agency missions and
assessments. The Protection Cluster’s main partner on advocacy, the National Human Rights
Commission, received briefings on durable solutions in Cabo Delgado and protection advocacy,
and one training on protection and durable solutions in 2022. In 2022, the Protection Cluster
organized three dedicated protection mainstreaming workshops for the Food Security and
Livelihood, the Health and the Nutrition clusters, resulting in a joint protection mainstreaming
guide.
In 2022, the Protection Cluster at national level was actively engaged in the response to climate
related shocks, in particular Cyclone Gombe. Thanks to the strong partnership the Protection
Cluster has with the National Institute for Disaster Risk Management (INGD), three protection
workshops were organized with participation from local authorities, local protection actors and
local disaster risk reduction committees in Zambezia and Sofala.
As part of the Cyclone Gombe Response, the Protection Cluster ensured continuous presence
and monitoring of conditions in evacuation centers that allowed for the swift referral of
protection cases, PSEA messaging to affected populations and authorities, protection “flash
trainings” to evacuation center managers, joint coordination between the Provincial Social
Services, INGD and other protection actors, and the production of flash reports to communicate
protection needs to partners and donors.
Community Engagement and Accountability to Affected Populations Working Group
In 2022, UNHCR led the Community Engagement and Accountability to Affected Populations
(CE/AAP) working group. During this time, more than 40 humanitarian and development
organizations engaged with activities of the working group, with 23 bi-weekly and ad hoc
meetings held. Ten organizations presented their complaints and feedback mechanisms and
respective community engagement strategies to the group. Working group members were
further supported with guidance documents, while information, education and communication
(IEC) materials remain accessible to all members. A district level mapping of complaints and
feedback mechanisms that began in 2021 was completed in 2022, and an information and
communication needs assessment targeting vulnerable individuals was completed. The
assessment involved more than 2,300 respondents and 16 partners across six districts of Cabo
Delgado.

Accountability to Affected People (AAP)
UNHCR protection officer responding to hotline calls. © UNHCR/Edgar Napoleon Asiimwe
UNHCR continued to chair the Community Engagement (CE)/AAP Working Group at both the
national and provincial level (Nampula and Cabo Delgado), which facilitates and coordinates
information sharing and two-way communication with communities amongst the different
agencies and organizations involved in the response, as well as advocating for the establishment,
operationalization and strengthening of inclusive complaint and feedback mechanisms.
In 2022, UNHCR continued to reinforce AAP approaches throughout its response, including the
linkage with prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse, as well as enhancing community
accountability. In Mozambique UNHCR ensured that affected populations had:
Access to timely, accurate and relevant information through a

variety of accessible, inclusive and culturally appropriate
communication channels. These include community outreach
activities to ensure regular engagement with displaced and
host communities and Protection Focal Points that
disseminate protection messages to the communities and
refer vulnerable cases;
Access to secure and agile complaint handling systems that

allow feedback, learning and adaptation by UNHCR and
partners, and with participation of communities. These
include a protection telephone hotline, protection desks, a
Suggestion box placed outside UNHCR
dedicated mailbox as well as complaints box placed outside offices in Maputo. © UNHCR/Edgar
UNHCR offices and in the settlement camps; Napoleon Asiimwe
Opportunities to participate in the various programmes and projects that concern them.

Over 9,000
Individuals benefitted
LIVELIHOODS from livelihood
initiatives.
© UNHCR/Martim Empis Gray Pereira

After fleeing war or persecution, one of the most effective ways people can rebuild their
lives with dignity and in peace is through the opportunity to work and earn a living.
Through decent work, refugees and displaced people can provide for their families’
needs, maintain their dignity, become more resilient and be empowered to shape their
future. In addition, investing in livelihood activities helps reduce the costs associated
with the provision of assistance. It is therefore critical for UNHCR and relevant
stakeholders to focus on humanitarian and development efforts and resources to
facilitate access to livelihoods and economic opportunities to enable communities to
transition out of aid and towards self-reliance, consequently, contributing to the
achievement of the Millennium Development Goals the objectives of the Global
Compact on Refugees.
Livelihoods contribute to food security,

prevent dependency, reduce
vulnerability, enhance self-reliance and
can develop or build a set of specific skills
during displacement.
The impact of conflict, the Covid-19 pandemic and recent climate shocks has
significantly affected the means of livelihoods of the displaced populations in
Mozambique, further increasing their vulnerability and needs. UNHCR Mozambique
helps people who were forced to flee their homes and are now living in a new
community by promoting their economic inclusion and advocating for their inclusion in
government systems. This is done by supporting livelihoods activities which involves
acquiring the knowledge, skills, social network, raw materials, and other resources to
meet individual or collective needs on a sustainable basis. Being able to work, and
making use of their skills and talents, also allows displaced people to contribute to their
host communities.

Technical and Vocational Training
In 2022, UNHCR, in cooperation with the

Alberto Cassimo Institute for Vocational
Training and Labour Studies (IFPELAC),
supported the enrolment of refugees, asylum
seekers, IDPs and vulnerable host community
members in technical and vocational training
(TVET). The courses provided aimed at
Training in Maratane Refugee Settlement.
supporting increased employability
© UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda opportunities covering potential working
areas, including masonry, brickmaking, welding, baking, hairdressing, food processing, electrical
installation, refrigeration, and plumbing. The programme also included students with specific
vulnerabilities benefitting from UNHCR’s protection programmes, including survivors of GBV. 441
people from Cabo Delgado province and 372 people from Nampula province benefited from
these trainings.
Nadimo the Welder

Nadimo Assumane lives in Maratane
Refugee Settlement where in 2021, he was
selected from a group of young people to
participate in a training course in welding,
supported by UNHCR in partnership with
IFPELAC.
Nadimo full of smiles. © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
Now 23 years old, Nadimo runs a welding

“I was so excited. I attended
workshop, building window grills, gates and
providing repair services and uses his the course for three months
income to support his family, especially his and from there my life
brothers’ schooling needs as he now changed. I learnt everything
believes that education is essential. “Today I
that enables me to support
can see how support in the form of school
materials and training was of great my family today. I learnt
importance in my life. I now appreciate how how to use technical skills
the programmes UNHCR offers help to get to earn a living and build a
youth off the streets.”
better future.” - Nadimo
He is not finished there and still has many
plans, including trying to give back to the
community by training others on welding
and locksmithing. As he says, “I was one of
the best students in my class, and one of my
long-term goals is to teach what I can do to
other young people. There are many young
men with potential, but often they lack
opportunities.” Graduation Ceremony. © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda

Business Development (Cash grants)
The purpose of this livelihood intervention is to promote entrepreneurship, business

development and income generation opportunities supporting the people UNHCR serves in
increasing self-reliance. A total of 201 beneficiaries were selected based on vulnerability criteria
which was applied at the household level and trained on business development,
entrepreneurship, and basic financial literacy. Out of these 201, 146 people (75 women and 71
men) produced business proposals which were competitive and were then supported with
business grants through the creation of mobile money accounts from UNHCR’s INS partner,
Vodacom.
Fatima Going from Strength to Strength
Child Recreation Activities in Cabo Delgado. @UNHCR/Martim Empis Gray Pereira
Fatima at her stall in Montepuez, Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR/Elisa Jamal
Fatima Horeste Chela (41), a mother of two girls and three boys, was displaced due to conflict
from Macomia to Ntele, Montepuez, Cabo Delgado in 2020 and struggled to make ends meet.
However, things changed for the better in 2022 when she was approved for a cash-based
intervention which she used to open her own market stall selling capulanas (traditional wraps),
shoes, household products, biscuits, and sweets. The business is going well and not only is she
now able to support her family, but she also was able to enroll her daughters Awage (8) and
Sharifa (10) in school. “We previously could not enroll the girls in school due to lack of funds for
uniforms and school materials, I am so happy that they are able to go now,” she says with a smile.
Ever ambitious, Fatima did not stop there, and managed to join a village loans and savings group
which is allowing her to grow her business even further. She has now bought a plot of land and does
not intend to return to Macomia while it is not safe, since in Montepuez she has “has built a new life for
herself and her family.”

Employability (Internship and start-up kits)
Working closely with the National Institute of Employment (INEP), UNHCR facilitated the inclusion
of refugees and IDPs in a government-led vocational training programme. Following completion
of the training programme, graduates had the opportunity to partake in a three-month
internship or receive business start-up kits. In 2022, following completion of the training, start-up
kits were distributed to 153 refugees, asylum-seekers, and host community members to start
their own business either in small groups or individually. Examples of business start-ups
included carpentry or metal work, hairdressing or opening a small shop. At the same time, 25
refugees, asylum-seekers, IDPs and host community members began paid internship
programmes with the private sector or civil society in both Nampula and Cabo Delgado.
Capacity building and Private Sector

Engagement (Maratane)
Child Recreation Activities in Cabo Delgado. @UNHCR/Martim Empis Gray Pereira
Some of the handmade crafts made in Maratane. © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
This UNHCR supported project aimed at enhancing private sector engagement to improve the
inclusiveness of market systems and entrepreneurship through training and support for
business development and access to financial services. The project's beneficiaries are refugees,
asylum seekers, IDPs, and their host communities in Nampula and Cabo Delgado provinces,
particularly women and youth.
UNHCR, in cooperation with the African Development Bank through the humanitarian-
development nexus, aimed at improving resilience for vulnerable populations building on the
partners’ comparative advantages in northern Mozambique. These activities directly benefited
140 people in Nampula.

Capacity building activities included:
Business Management and Entrepreneurship trainings which benefitted 140 people.
Financial literacy training to members of village saving groups which benefitted 87 people.
Agricultural skills training which benefitted 87 farmers.
UNHCR and partner Livaningo, in collaboration with six specialists from agrarian research
institute of Mozambique (IIAM), conducted training in smart agriculture and climate change
at Maratane refugee settlement for 40 farmers’ association representatives, and five
government officials from the District Service of Economic Activities (SDAE) and the Provincial
Agricultural Service (SPA).
The organizing of a joint culinary fair at the Maratane settlement, to raise awareness on food
and nutritional security where 10 businesswomen in the catering industry had an
opportunity to demonstrate their businesses and sell food to around 1,200 attendees.
To promote market linkages, five farmer associations participated in the Nampula city
market fair and sold agricultural products.
Nampula City Fair. © UNHCR Mozambique Somali (left) and Burundi (right) food at Maratane culinary fair. © UNHCR Mozambique
Livelihood Emergency Response

In 2022, in response to people affected by extreme weather events such as Cyclone Gombe,
UNHCR provided refugees residing in Maratane Refugee Settlement and host community
members 435 agricultural kits. In addition, 22 farmer associations received support including
tools, equipment, seeds and fertilizers.
Agriculture training on mulching. © UNHCR Mozambique

Over 83,000
CAMP COORDINATION Individuals reached
AND CAMP MANAGEMENT to provide CCCM

services.
UNHCR team in Montepuez, Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney

UNHCR Mozambique’s camp
coordination and camp
management (CCCM) activities
aim to facilitate a safe and
dignified environment for
displaced people and the
CCCM mechanisms ensure that
services are delivered efficiently,
and that displaced people are
protected in all types of
communal displacement settings
in rural or urban environments,
whether they live in planned
camps, spontaneous self-settled
informal sites, collective centres,
reception centres or even transit
centres.
In 2022, UNHCR
supported over
83,000 people with
site management and
support services.
In Mozambique UNHCR provides critical support in delivering site management and community
engagement interventions in twelve IDP sites in the Montepuez and Mueda districts of Cabo
Delgado province, in close cooperation with the local authorities as well as partners the
Association for Volunteers in International Service (AVSI) and Solidarites International (SI).
Displaced populations deserve safe and dignified living conditions, with sound physical
infrastructure in IDP sites being an essential factor. With this in mind, in 2022, UNHCR
established 18 communal facilities including community centres, reception facilities for new
arrivals, community protection spaces, and installed 120 solar lights thus mitigating protection
risks. In addition, a road connecting Ntele market to the shelters where people live was
constructed. To support dignified living conditions, communal tents that were in poor condition
were decommissioned, and 585 individuals (117 families) were subsequently relocated to other
sites, following community consultations.
1,445 people (289 families) 5,160 Complaints and feedback

relocated to decongest collected and referred to service
targeted sites and facilitate providers, and 86 government,
the delivery of services. partners staff and displaced
community representatives trained.
9 Sites with active Complaint and 15 Site Management Committees
Feedback Mechanisms (CFM) (SMC) and community groups mapped
established, and 12 site supported and supported, and 18 Communal
with CCCM mechanism. facilities established and maintained.

Community Participation is Key
To better understand the needs, concerns and intentions of displaced populations, UNHCR
always employs participatory approaches to ensure that displaced communities play a central
role in decision-making that affects their lives, while bolstering information management capacity
to provide reliable age, gender and diversity (AGD) data on IDP populations in order to be able to
better respond.
In 2022, 15 site management committees and self-management structures were established

and supported across the twelve sites managed by UNHCR, consisting of 287 members, with 41
per cent women, to enhance community participation, decision-making and self-management of
the sites. Committee members were trained on camp management and protection principles.
Community mobilization teams were also deployed in the sites to facilitate mass information
dissemination. Recreational activities, aimed at promoting social cohesion among communities
was also facilitated. For example, in December, a football tournament was held in the
Montepuez district across the IDP and host community areas so as to enhance peaceful co-
existence as well as disseminating key messaging on GBV mitigation and protection.
Football Event in Montepuez District. © UNHCR/Martim Pereira Football Match in Montepuez District. © UNHCR/Martim Pereira
Coordination
UNHCR through its CCCM partners and in close collaboration with the District Service
Department of Planning and Infrastructure (SDPI) carried out a quarterly population headcount
across nine sites in the Mueda and Montepuez districts, resulting in reliable AGD data so as to
inform the response. For example, the household survey which was carried out in Montepuez
indicated that there were significant needs across sectors, particularly in WASH and Health
which was communicated to the sector leads for action. In addition, regular service mapping was
carried to enhance site-level coordination and ensure non-duplication of service delivery.

UNHCR established and maintained accessible feedback and complaints mechanisms in all
twelve sites it managed. Over 5,000 requests or complaints were received primarily related to
information on available services, for which UNHCR and partners provided feedback and
referrals, where relevant, to various service providers.
UNHCR Mozambique’s CCCM approach aims to:

Enhance safe and dignified site management to improve the living conditions of
displaced and host communities.
Strengthen community participation to enable displaced communities to play a central
role in decision-making that affects their lives.
Reinforce site-level coordination to facilitate access to critical services and assistance.
Develop capacity among authorities, partners, and displaced populations so that CCCM
and protection principles are at the forefront of the response.
UNHCR team in Montepuez, Cabo Delgado. © UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney

Over 10,000
SHELTER AND Individuals were
assisted with shelter
CORE RELIEF ITEMS needs.
Storm Damage in Nampula. © UNHC/Guilherme Chirinda

UNHCR’s shelter response aims to
address needs induced by new
displacements requiring
emergency shelter and protracted
displacements requiring more
durable shelter solutions.
UNHCR’s shelter programme uses
locally sourced materials to build
durable and resilient shelters,
while embedding a training
component, ensuring that
Resilient shelter in Nampula, Mozambique. © UNHCR/Cesar Dominique Alberto communities are able to replicate
designs and undertake repairs as needed. For damaged shelters UNHCR also distributes shelter
repair kits which consist of items such as timber, nails, bamboo and wooden poles, door and
window latches and hinges, and padlocks.
In 2022, UNHCR and partners constructed 761 transitional

shelters and 370 resilient shelters. In the same year the process of
constructing another 141 durable shelters was started. UNHCR
shelter and infrastructure interventions benefited more than
10,000 people.
UNHCR’s Shelter Strategy includes:
The Provision of life-saving assistance through the construction of shelters for

vulnerable families recently displaced or in urgent need of shelter support: The shelter
strategy is guided by:
Focus on vulnerability
Community based and participatory approaches
The inclusive participation of women
Access to land and basic services
Local construction practices
Support to non – vulnerable households
Adequate technical support.
The provision of shelters

targets the most vulnerable
families and shelter kits are
provided to non-vulnerable
families to construct their
own shelters with technical
guidance from the partners
to ensure they are protected,
and living in safety, security,
Gable roof shelter. © UNHCR/Nilton Mungamba
and with dignity.

Assessing Shelter progress in Montepuez, Cabo Delgado
Hipped roof shelter. © UNHCR/Nilton Mungamba © UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney
Vulnerable displaced families receive support in constructing their shelters - either a

one or two-room shelter - depending on the family size, level of vulnerability, and
phase of displacement. Shelters are built with local materials and using local
techniques to contribute to the local economy, benefit host communities, maintain
shelter typology and reduce the environmental footprint.
Provision of technical support with site planning, development and improvement

interventions to local authorities, partners, and clusters to mainstream protection and
ensure access to basic services.
© UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
Manuela, full of smiles

Manuela Oresta, an internally displaced woman from Macomia,
Cabo Delgado is happy to have received her permanent home
from UNHCR and partner CARITAS at Corrane IDP Settlement,
in Nampula.
Cyclone Gombe – Shelter and Infrastructure

Damage
Cyclone Gombe in March 2022 destroyed key infrastructure in central Mozambique, including
schools, roads and health facilities. In Maratane, for example, UNHCR rebuilt five classrooms,
rehabilitated a livelihoods skill centre, a food distribution centre and a tuberculosis and
psychiatric room in the hospital, and repaired four warehouses.

In Corrane, UNHCR also rehabilitated a maternity facility at the district hospital. Following
Cyclone Gombe, UNHCR and partners carried out an assessment to determine the extent of
shelter damage and provided shelter repair kits to IDPs, refugees and asylum seekers whose
shelters had been damaged.
Destroyed classrooms at Maratane Primary School.

Damaged Dwelling in Maratane. © UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
Partially destroyed Psychosocial assistance room. Roof blown off the hospital in Maratane.
© UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda © UNHCR/Agnes Madziwa
Core Relief Items (CRIs)

Core relief items (CRIs) are items other than food
Item / Type Content
used in humanitarian contexts when aiding those
01 Plastic Sheet (4 x 5 m) affected by conflict or natural hazards. Many
Ultra-light 02 Blankets people when they are forced to flee often leave
return kit 02 Sleeping mats. their belongings behind. Even if they manage to
return home, often their houses are damaged,
01 Plastic Sheet (4 x 5 m) sometimes looted, and without essential items.
02 Blankets CRIs allow people to meet their immediate basic
Light
02 Sleeping mats needs and start to rebuild their lives with dignity.
return kit
01 Jerry can
01 Bucket (10 liters)
UNHCR Mozambique supports refugees, asylum-
01 Plastic Sheet (4 x 5 m) seekers and IDPs with core relief items such as
02 Blankets blankets, kitchen sets, water buckets and solar
02 Sleeping mats lights, and the rebuilding of critical infrastructure
Full CRI kit 01 Jerry can to enable people to get back on their feet quickly.
01 Bucket (14 liters) In 2022, more than 72,000 people, including
02 Mosquito nets those affected by conflict and extreme weather
01 Kitchen set events, such as cyclone Gombe, have benefitted
01 Solar lamp from CRI support from UNHCR and partners.

UNHCR CRIs distributed in Namitangurine IDP site in Nicoadala, Zambézia. © UNHCR/Arthur Volpon Neves
Depending on the needs and the circumstances, UNHCR distributes a number of

different types of CRI kits, mainly the ultra-light return kit, light return kit and for those
most in need the full CRI.
What A Standard
UNHCR CRI Kit looks like
Matress
2 blankets 2 mosquito nets 2 sleeping mats 1 jerrycan (10L)
1 large plastic 1 kitchen set 1 bucket (14L) 1 solar lamp

tarpaulin

Emergency CRI Distribution in Erati district, Nampula Province. UNHCR Plastic Sheeting in Metuge, Cabo Delgado.
© UNHCR/Arthur Volpon Neves © UNHCR/Martim Empis Gray Pereira
UNHCR CRI Strategy
Distribution of household items to displaced families and host communities which includes
families recently displaced in urgent need of assistance, as well as families who had been
previously displaced and need to replace the items received in the past. The areas, sites
and communities receiving CRI distributions are identified in coordination with the
Shelter/CRI Cluster, partners, and camp coordination and camp management services.
UNHCR Solar
Distribution Light Lights
of Solar distributed as one
in XXXXX of the CRI.
@UNHCR/Gulherme Chirinda CRI Distribution in Njato, Niassa Province. © UNHCR/ Nelia
© UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda Vilanculo
Preparedness and contingency planning

Collective preparedness is a life-saving and operational necessity for an effective response when
a disaster hits. In addition to addressing current needs, UNHCR maintains a contingency stock of
5,500 CRIs, with the capacity to reach around 30,000 people, in a strategically located
warehouse in Nampula province. This enables a quick local response in the event of disaster
such as cyclones.
Warehouse being stocked with CRIs in Nampula. Nacala Warehouse where the CRI kits were assembled
© UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney before distribution. © UNHCR/Arthur Volpon Neves

Over 70,000
CLIMATE ACTION People affected by
extreme weather
events were assisted.
Dry Spell in Nampula, November 2022. © UNHCR/ Edgar Napoleon Asiimwe

Globally, extreme weather events are reoccurring with greater intensity, increasing displacement,
disrupting livelihoods, and increasing protection needs of refugees, internally displaced people
(IDPs), asylum seekers, stateless people and already vulnerable host communities in
Mozambique undoing decades of development efforts. As the sustainable development goal 13
‘take urgent action to combat climate change and its impact’, gains momentum globally, UNHCR is
making concerted efforts to ensure that no one is left behind by the devastating effects of the
climate crisis globally and in Mozambique.
Mozambique is among the countries that are both most adversely affected by the impacts of
climate change as well as the most vulnerable to future shocks. The southern African nation
experiences yearly climate shocks both rapid and slow onset but especially cyclones, tropical
storms, floods, and droughts. Furthermore, the ongoing conflict in the north of the country has
displaced over one million people, who after displacement are also severely impacted by these
shocks – thus further compounding their vulnerability and increasing their need for both
protection and durable solutions. In 2022 alone, Mozambique was impacted by Tropical Storm
Ana, Tropical Depression Dumako and Tropical Cyclone Gombe, all hitting the same geographic
area therefore having devastating impact in the areas impacted, on the most vulnerable. In
March 2022, Tropical Cyclone Gombe hit the country as a Category 3 cyclone, affecting at least
736,000 people in Nampula and Zambezia provinces, including 63 deaths, and partially or fully
destroying over 141,000 homes, 69 health centres, 2,200 classrooms and 91,000 hectares of
crops. At the closing of 2022, nearly 130,000 people remained internally displaced by extreme
weather events in the central region of the country. To ensure protection is central to the
response to climate shocks, UNHCR has engaged in different partnerships with the Mozambican
Agency for Disaster Risk Reduction (INGD). At the national level, UNHCR has provided training to
the INGD team and protection focal points in each province on protection and protection
mainstreaming. Furthermore, UNHCR has jointly developed early warning messages to
communities as well as a guide to ensure protection risk mitigation in evacuation centers. In
Nampula, UNHCR’s partnership with INGD has trained local risk disaster committees on
protection to ensure that the most vulnerable are prioritized during preparedness and
response. UNHCR also contributes to Strategic Priority 3 (SP3) of the United Nations Sustainable
Development Cooperation Framework (UNSDCF) on climate resilience and the sustainable use of
natural resources. Through this platform, UNHCR ensures that a coordinated protection-
centered approach is adopted in the UN Country Team’s support towards a comprehensive
cross-government climate resilience building strategy in Mozambique. Forcibly displaced
persons, their host communities and others at risk of climate-shock induced displacement are
included in the design and implementation thereof.
When disasters such as Cyclone Gombe strike, shelters and livelihoods are often destroyed or
lost. Throughout 2022, the protection and assistance delivered by UNHCR and its partners was a
vital lifeline for thousands of individuals forced to flee due to the impact of extreme weather
events and conflict. Core relief items (CRIs) met the emergency needs of more than 72,000
people affected by conflict and disaster. Shelter repair kits reached more than 6,000 refugees
and IDPs whose shelter had been damaged during Cyclone Gombe, and UNHCR and partners
constructed 370 durable and resilient shelters. As collective preparedness is a life-saving and
operational necessity for an effective response when a disaster hits, UNHCR has stockpiled a
contingency stock of 5,500 core relief items (CRIs), with the capacity to reach around 30,000
people, enabling a quick local response in the event of future emergencies.

More than 2,269 Over 90,000
700,000 affected facilities hectares of crops
Climate by Cyclones. damaged. destroyed.
Impact
in 2022 Over 141,000 More than 50,000
homes destroyed. received assistance
from UNHCR.
With extreme weather events destroying crops every year, UNHCR took steps to mitigate the
impact this has on peoples’ food security and income. Working closely with development actor,
African Development Bank (AfDB), UNHCR increased climate-smart farming practices and
further diversification of job opportunities, and with Instituto de Formação Profissional e
Estudos Laborais Alberto Cassimo (IFPELAC) - the national technical and vocational education
training institute, UNHCR and partners offered a range of training and certifications beyond the
agricultural sector.
In line with a community-based protection approach, UNHCR engaged closely with communities
in disaster risk reduction efforts. In 2022, in cooperation with Instituto Nacional de Gestão de
Calamidades (INGD) - the Government's National Disasters Management Institute, UNHCR
provided training to 18 local community groups on disaster risk reduction, protection
mainstreaming, and identifying vulnerable groups. This engagement is critical as local
community groups are instrumental in disseminating key messages on prevention and
mitigation measures in the face of disasters.
Through concerted advocacy efforts with INGD at provincial level, UNHCR advocated for and
succeeded in the inclusion of refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons in
government contingency planning - a key step in having these groups represented in official
data and subsequent national responses.
2022 UN High Commissioner's Dialogue for Protection Southern Africa

Regional Roundtable: A People-centred Approach to Preparedness and
Responses in Climate Emergencies
In November 2022, UNHCR and the National Disasters Management Institute (INGD) co-
hosted a Southern Africa regional roundtable in Nampula, Mozambique. The roundtable
brought together stakeholders on climate emergencies from the Government, refugee and
IDP communities, humanitarian and development actors, international and civil society
organizations and academia to discuss the nexus between emergency preparedness and
sustainable response to climate-related hazards, forced displacement and development in
Mozambique. The roundtable was an opportunity to share experiences and lessons learned
with other countries in the region facing similar challenges as Mozambique and identify
opportunities to broaden and deepen cooperation between humanitarian and development
actors, as well as host countries, towards facilitating a more resilient climate emergency
preparedness and response.
Recommendations:
Including forcibly displaced communities so as to “leave no one behind, and reach
those most left behind first,” addressing extreme vulnerabilities while also
appreciating the role and contribution of forcibly displaced communities as
champions to the response.

Adopting a people-centred approach at all stages of anticipation, preparation
and response to the climate crisis.
Strengthening the critical role women play to protect themselves and their
families in response to the climate crisis by emphasizing the importance of
meaningful participation throughout all stages of anticipation, preparedness
and response.
Best practices and recommendations shared during the event were taken up by
UNHCR’s Special Advisor on Climate Action, Andrew Harper at the COP27 in
Egypt, as well as at the UNHCR Global High Commissioner’s Dialogue on
Protection Challenges in Geneva in December 2022, presented by INGD
president. This year’s Protection Dialogue focused on the theme of development
cooperation aimed at advancing protection, inclusion and solutions for forcibly
displaced and stateless persons as well as host communities.
Secretary of State for Nampula, Mr. Mety Gondola, and UNHCR’s Special Advisor on Climate
Action, Mr. Andrew Harper, addressing participants during the roundtable on a people-centred
approach in climate emergencies in Nampula on 4 November 2022. Photo: UNHCR/Damien Mc
Sweeney.
UNHCR’s global approach to climate action is set out in several key documents:
Strategic framework for climate action.
Operational strategy for climate resilience and environmental sustainability 2022-2025.
UNHCR’s 2019-2024 Global strategy for sustainable energy.
Global Advocacy positions: COP27 and COP26.
Practical guidance for UNHCR staff on IDP protection in the context of disasters and the
adverse effects of climate change.
Legal consideration regarding claims for international protection made in the context of
the adverse effects of climate change and disasters.
Global report on law and policy on internal displacement: Implementing national
responsibility.
UNHCR’s environmental footprint.

EVENTS World Refugee Day
IN 2022
On June 20 each year, World Refugee Day (WRD) is
celebrated. It is an international day designated by the
United Nations to honour refugees around the globe
and celebrates the strength and courage of people who
have been forced to flee their home country to escape
conflict or persecution. The theme for 2022 was
Whoever. Wherever. Whenever. Nampula celebrations. © UNHCR/@UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney
Everyone has the right to seek safety.
Whoever they are, people forced to flee should be

treated with dignity. Anyone can seek protection,
regardless of who they are or what they believe. It is
non-negotiable: seeking safety is a human right.
Wherever they come from, people forced to flee should

UNHCR/INAR Visit Refugee Agricultural projects in Maputo.
be welcomed. Refugees come from all over the globe. To © UNHCR/ Annasophia Heintze
get out of harm’s way, they might take a plane, a boat, or

travel on foot. What remains universal is the right to
seek safety.
Whenever people are forced to flee, they have a right

to be protected. Whatever the threat – war, violence,
persecution – everyone deserves protection. Everyone
has a right to be safe. World Refugee Day celebrations in Pemba, Cabo Delgado.
© UNHCR Mozambique
This year in Mozambique, UNHCR commemorated WRD in Maputo, Nampula and Pemba. In
Maputo UNHCR organized a press conference to kick off World Refugee Day 2022 celebrations
and launch the UNHCR Global Trends Report 2021. The event was addressed by the UNHCR
Representative, the Director of INAR (the Government Entity for Refugees Assistance) and
refugee leaders. Also in Maputo, a joint UNHCR - INAR visit to refugee agricultural projects in
Boane witnessed first-hand the positive contribution that refugees make to both the local
community and the economy. In Nampula, WRD celebrations were marked by a massive party in
the main square within Maratane Refugee Settlement with all the different refugee communities
showcasing their cultures and skills. In Pemba, UNHCR hosted a lecture at the Catholic University
of Mozambique (UCM) in partnership with government representatives, UNHCR staff and law
students of the institution. Beach clean ups, 10 km fun runs and football matches between the
host and displaced communities also took place during the day.

EVENTS World Mental Health Day
IN 2022
GBV and MHPSS Activities in Ntocota IDP Site, Metuge. © UNHCR Mozambique
The 10th of October every year is recognized as World Mental Health

Day, an international day for global mental health education,
awareness and advocacy against social stigma. This year, UNHCR,
along with partners Doctors with Africa (CUAMM) and HelpCode
organized multiple activities to celebrate World Mental Health Day
under the theme “Make Mental Health and Well-being for all a Global
Priority” The activities included people from both displaced and host
communities and took place at UNHCR Community Protection Spaces
and government health facilities in Chiure, Metuge, Montepuez,
Mueda, and Pemba, Caba Delgado province. The activities included
theatre plays and awareness raising sessions focusing on mental
health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) and were led by community
volunteers in coordination with the District Departments for Health. In
addition, 85 MHPSS staff from the local authorities (health and social
assistance services) and NGOs participated in workshops led by
UNHCR and partners focused on the ongoing MHPSS response in
Cabo Delgado, revision of ongoing activities, and proposal of
recommendations. The outcomes of the workshops were shared with
the MHPSS Working Group and were used to inform the MHPSS
component of UNHCR’s Protection Strategy.

EVENTS 16 Days of Activism against
Gender-Based Violence
IN 2022
Participants in GBV activities in Metuge. © UNHCR Mozambique
16 Days of Activism against Gender-Based Violence is an annual campaign that begins on 25

November, the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women and runs
through International Human Rights Day on 10 December. Led by civil society, the campaign is
supported by the United Nations through the Secretary General’s UNiTE by 2030 to End
Violence against Women initiative. In 2022 the UN marked the 16 Days under the theme.
UNiTE! Activism to end violence against women and girls
Celebrations and various events for the 16 days of activism against Gender Based Violence
(GBV) in Mozambique included the launching of the campaign in Maratane refugee settlement,
in a ceremony presided by a representative of the Office of Nampula’s Secretary of State, which
was attended by UNHCR, Mozambique’s Ministry of Social Affairs, protection partners in
Maratane, the National Institute for the Support of Refugee (INAR), health sector institutions,
refugee community leaders and the refugee community. Workshops were also organized in
various locations on GBV and complementary pathways to improve the delivery of local GBV
related services and strengthen referral systems with stakeholders such as INAR, local
partners, local police, and the ministries of Social Affairs, Health and Education participating.
Sensitization of communities on GBV also took place. For example, in Maratane refugee
settlement, UNHCR, in collaboration with the Mozambique Refugee Association, provided
sensitization to 28 refugee women, some of which hold leadership roles within the community,
about the different forms of violence against women, and on GBV prevention and mitigation.

PARTNERSHIPS AND
COORDINATION
In 2022, UNHCR worked with 22 partners, including seven
22
government institutions, seven international non-governmental
organizations (NGOs), and seven national NGOs. In addition, two
UN to UN Transfer Agreements with Office of the United Nations
High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and World Food
Programme (WFP) were concluded to support the protection
Partners cluster and operate a complaints and response mechanism,
respectively. Throughout 2022, UNHCR continued to support
capacity development efforts for its partners in line with
commitments outlined in the Grand Bargain agreement.
7
Government
Minister of Health
Ministries and
Minister of Education
Institutions
DPGCAS
7
International
NGOs
7
National
NGOs
2
UN
Agencies
DEVELOPMENT
PARTNERS
UNHCR continues also to scale-up its partnerships with development actors to

mobilize their support to address the needs of refugees and IDPs in the areas of
climate financing, energy provision, access to protection services, social cohesion,
access to markets, livelihoods, and farming. UNHCR Mozambique is advancing its
joint programming with development actors and has two active multi-year
programmes with the African Development Bank and the German Cooperation
(BMZ-GIZ) addressing the needs of refugees, IDPs and host communities in
Nampula and Cabo Delgado Provinces. In addition, UNHCR closely supports the
ONE UN efforts to support the Government, reviews programmatic links and will
support the Government agency in charge of coordination of the implementation,
ADIN, through a joint project with the German Development Cooperation, GIZ.
UNHCR works with these agencies to support a coordinated and effective
response across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus. For more
information on UNHCR Mozambique‘s approach to strengthening development
partnerships please see Chapter 11.
US$27.04 million
FUNDING Was received in

contributions to UNHCR
AND DONORS by end of 2022.
Tree planting ceremony in Nampula to thank the Italian

Mission of Japanese Ambassador to UNHCR activities in Private Donor the Guiliana Lagetto-Jacobelli Family.
Pemba. © UNHCR/Martim Empis Gray Pereira © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda
By the end of 2022, UNHCR Mozambique received a total contribution of US$27.04

million for its programmes, representing 74 per cent of the funding requirements of
US$36.7 million. The top five donors were the governments of the United States of
America, Federal Republic of Germany and Japan, the private donor Giuliana Lagetto-
Jacobelli and the UN Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF).
While UNHCR is deeply grateful to its donors, it must be said that this 26 per cent
funding shortfall has resulted in UNHCR only implementing its prioritized activities. In
a context of increasingly complex and expanding humanitarian needs due to both
conflict and cyclical climate events, this has prevented UNHCR from reaching an even
larger number of beneficiaries throughout Mozambique with multiple services and
activities. This translates into vulnerable refugees, asylum-seekers and IDPs left
without access to critical assistance and protection services such as legal assistance,
psycho-social support, prevention and response to gender-based violence, shelters
not built, core relief items (CRIs) not being available.
Thanks to our 2022 Donors
Austria Australia Belgium
Giuliana
Lagetto-Jacobelli
Canada Denmark France Germany
Family
Ireland Italy Japan Norway Slovenia
Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States

Without Adequate Funding Refugees and Vulnerable
host communities:
Will be left without access to critical assistance

and protection services such as legal
assistance, psycho-social support, civil
documentation services, prevention and
response to gender-based violence, child
Primary School in Maratane, Nampula damaged by
Cyclone Gombe. © UNHCR Mozambique protection, and referral of people with specific
needs to specialized services.
Will risk not having access to adequate shelter

and critical core relief items such as blankets,
mattresses, mosquito nets and hygiene kits,
Shelter damaged by Tropical Storm Ana in
Maratane, Nampula. © UNHCR Mozambique
exposing them and their families to increased
protection risks and physical harm, including
groups at risk such as older people and people
living with disabilities, particularly during the
rainy season.
Will be left without solutions to overcome and

Crops damaged in Namialo, Nampula by Cyclone respond to climate change crisis and impact.
Gombe. © UNHCR Mozambique
For 2023, as other

crises dominate global
headlines, UNHCR
appeals to donors to
prioritize their funding
to the response in
Mozambique to
enable us to assist the
most vulnerable.
UNHCR Mozambique Contacts
Maputo Country Office

179 Rua Pereira Marinho,
P.O. Box 1198, Maputo
Mozambique
mozma@unhcr.org
+258 20 607 020
Pemba Sub-Office
Av. da Marginal, Bairro Eduardo
Mondlane-Wimbe, Pemba
Mozambique
mozpe@unhcr.org
+258 87 124 0862
Nampula Field Office
1024 No. 90 Rua

Macombre, Nampula
Mozambique
mozna@unhcr.org
+258 86 713 8790
Follow us: @UNHCRMozambique ACNUR Moçambique https://www.unhcr.org
Produced by UNHCR Mozambique External Engagement Unit.

For Further Information:
Damien Mc Sweeney Guilherme Chirinda

Senior External Relations Officer Senior Communications Associate
mcsweene@unhcr.org chirinda@unhcr.org
Andrés van Niekerk Annasophia Heintze

External Relations Officer Development Officer
vannieka@unhcr.org heintze@unhcr.org
Stephanie Ferry Edgar Napoleon Asiimwe

Donor Relations Officer Associate Information Management Officer
ferry@unhcr.org asiimwee@unhcr.org
Thumbs up at Corrrane IDP site.
© UNHCR/Damien Mc Sweeney
20 END OF
YEAR
22 REPORT

UNHCR Mozambique 2022 End of Year Report

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MOZAMBIQUE

10 STRATEGIC DIRECTION | MOZAMBIQUE 2023

11 STRENGTHENING DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIPS TO BUILD BETTER FUTURES

14 REFUGEES AND ASYLUM-SEEKERS

32 PROTECTION AND SOLUTIONS

54 CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP MANAGEMENT

58 SHELTER AND CORE RELIEF ITEMS

71 PARTNERSHIPS AND COORDINATION

73 FUNDING AND DONORS

Foreword from the Country Representative

I look forward to achieving even more together in 2023.

Samuel Armstrong Chakwera

1.5M 31K+ 1M+

1.5M 1.3M 386K

622K 982K 1.1M

PAGE | 4 ANNUAL REPORT 2022

Operational Context: UNHCR Mozambique

ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE | 5

UNHCR Offices In Mozambique

PAGE | 6 ANNUAL REPORT 2022

ANNUAL REPORT 2022

PAGE | 8 ANNUAL REPORT 2022

ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE | 9

In 2023, UNHCR Mozambique will focus on three key areas:

But we need financial resources to do this

PAGE | 10 ANNUAL REPORT 2022

International commitments, such as the 'New Way of Working', Global

How UNHCR Mozambique supports development actors to engage in fragile

Provide data on Facilitate access and

Supply content on the Advise on program

Support development Support governments in

ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE | 11

“The Bank’s collaboration with the UNHCR in

In 2022, UNHCR and the African Development Bank (AfDB)

"With the Mwajuma Monee, is one of 9,300 refugees and asylum-seekers

PAGE | 12 ANNUAL REPORT 2022

Strategic Partnership between UNHCR and the German Development

“The Partnership between the German Development

ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE | 13

Refugees in Mozambique. © UNHCR Mozambique

Access to asylum and legal aid

Registration and documentation

ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE | 15

Community based protection

Protection case management

PAGE | 16 ANNUAL REPORT 2022

Four-year-old Neima Assane, the daughter of two

© UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda

ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE | 17

Students at Maratane Secondary School. © UNHCR/Guilherme Chirinda

Instant Network Schools (INS)

In response to under-resourced classrooms, the

ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE | 19

Third Level Education

DAFI For the last 30 years, the German-backed, Albert Einstein

PAGE | 20 ANNUAL REPORT 2022

Meet DAFI student Emeline Ishimwe, a Burundian

Meet DAFI student Auxyle Habiyaremye

ANNUAL REPORT 2022 PAGE |21

From Childhood Friendship to Dream UNICORE Scholarships