CPHM 121

o Successful defense of the host against

TOPICS: forces landing to disturb body.
1. Community Organization And
 Disease
Health/Health Programs In The
o Failure of the body defense mechanism
Philippines
to cope with forces tending to disturb
2. Levels Of Health Care Referral System
body equilibrium.
3. Structure Of The Philippine Health Care
Determinants of Health
Delivery System
 Income and social status - higher income and
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION AND social status are linked to better health
HEALTH/HEALTH PROGRAMS IN THE  Education - low education levels are linked
PHILIPPINE with poor health, more stress and lower self
C.O. AND H.P. IN THE PHILIPPINES confidence
- Preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting
 Physical environment - safe water and clean
health and efficiency through organize community
air, healthy workplace, safe houses,
effort.
communities and roads all contribute to good
a. Environmental Sanitation
health.
b. Control of Community Infection
 Employment and working conditions - people
c. Education of the individual in principles of
in employment are healthier, particularly those
personal hygiene
who have more control over their working
d. Organization of Medical and nursing services
conditions.
for early diagnosis and preventive treatment of
 Social support networks - greater support from
diseases
families, friends and communities is linked to a
e. Development of social machinery which will
better health.
ensure everyone as standard living adequate for
maintenance of life  Culture - customs, traditions and the beliefs of
Two Broad Areas of Preventive Medicine the family and community all affect the health.
 Public Health  Genetics - inheritance plays a part in
o Programs and activities directed at determining lifespan, healthiness and the
likelihood of developing certain illness.
community level that are not currently
under the care of physician.  Personal behavior and coping skills - balanced
eating, keeping active, smoking, drinking and
 Risk Factor Evaluation
how to deal with life’s stresses and challenges
o Programs and activities directed at
all affect health.
individuals who are currently under the
 Gender - men and women suffer from different
care of physician.
types of diseases at different ages.
Health
Primary Health Care
- A status of a person’s physical and psychological
- WHO defines PHC as essential health care made
capacity that can establish and maintain balance.
universally accessible to individuals and families in
Aspect of Health
the community.
 Physical Health
Elements/Components of PHC
o Refers to condition of a person to
 Environmental sanitation
maintain a strong and healthy body.
 Control of communicable disease
 Mental Health
 Immunization
o Refers to how a person control his
 Health Education
emotions.
 Family Planning
 Social Health
o Refers to ways a person feels towards  Adequate Food and Proper Nutrition
everybody around him.  Provision of Medical Care and Emergency
Health or disease Treatment
- Expressions of the success or failure of a person.  Treatment of Locally Endemic Diseases
 Health  Provision of Essential Drugs

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 CPHM 121

Four Corners Tones/Pillars in PHC

 Active community participation GOVERNMENT
 Intra and intersectoral linkages - The primary government agency in the field of
 Use of appropriate technology health runs the bulk of the government health
 Support mechanism made available facilities is the Department of Health.
LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE REFERRAL Responsibilities of the DOH
SYSTEM - Ensuring all Filipinos has access to basic health
PRIMARY LEVEL OF CARE services through provision of quality health care.
- health care provided by center physicians, public - Formulation and development of national health
health nurse, rural midwives, barangay health policies, guidelines and etc.
workers, traditional healers - Issuance of rules and regulations, licenses and
SECONDARY LEVEL OF CARE accreditation
- Given by physicians with basic health training. - - Promulgation of the national standards, goals,
It is usually given in health facilities privately priorities and indicators
owned or government operated. - Development of special health programs and
TERTIARY LEVEL OF CARE projects
- Tertiary care is rendered by specialist in health HEALTH PROGRAMS
facilities including medical centers as well as Adolescent and Youth Health and Development
regional and provincial hospitals and specialized Program (AYHDP)
hospitals. - The program shall remain focus on addressing
- Complicated cases and intensive care requires the following health concerns regardless of their
tertiary care and all these can be provided by the sex, race and socioeconomic background
tertiary care facility. Growth and Development concerns, Nutrition,
Concept of Community Health Physical, Mental and emotional status
- Working together to help people help Reproductive health Sexuality , Reproductive
themselves, not merely to survive but also Tract infection (STD, HIV/AIDS) Responsible
achieve the maximum potential. parenthood, Maternal and Child health,
Four priorities in Public Health Communicable diseases, Diarrhea, DHF,
 Survival of man Measles Malaria Mental Health Substance use
 Prevention of condition which lead to and abuse Intentional /nonintentional injuries
destruction or retardation of human function and Disability Mission: ◦ Ensure that all adolescent
potential in the years of life and youth have access to quality health care
services in an adolescent and youth friendly
 Achievement of human potential and prevention
environment.
of the loss of productivity of young adults and
Botika ng Barangay
those on the middle period of life
- Refers to a drug outlet manage by a legitimate
 Improvement of the quality of life, especially in
community organization (CO/non-government
the later years.
Organization (NGO) and/or Local Government
STRUCTURE OF THE PHILIPPINE HEALTH
Unit (LGU), with a trained operator and a
Care Delivery System
supervising pharmacist specifically established
Health Resources
in accordance with Administrative Order No.
- Defined as all materials, personnel, facilities,
144 s. 2004.
funds, and anything else that can be used for
Promotion of Breast-feeding program/ Mother and
providing health care services.
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (MBFHI)
Three divisions of Health Care Delivery System
-The Mother and Baby Friendly Hospital
- Government
Initiative is the main strategy to transform all
- Mixed Sectors
hospitals with maternity and new born services
- Private Sectors
into facilities which fully protect, promote,
support breast feeding and rooming-in practices
- To sustain this initiative, the field health

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 CPHM 121
personnel has to provide antenatal assistance and program focuses on the following package of
breastfeeding counseling to pregnant and activities: oral examination and prophylaxis;
lactating mothers as well as to the breastfeeding sodium fluoride mouth rinsing; supervise tooth
support groups in the community; there should brushing drill: fit and fissure sealant application;
also be continuous orientation and re- a-traumatic restorative treatment.
orientation/updates to newly hired and old Emerging Disease Control Program
personnel, respectively, in support of this - Emerging infectious disease are newly identified
initiative. and previously unknown infection which cause
Cancer Control Program public health problems either locally or
-The Philippines Cancer Control Program, internationally. - These include diseases whose
begun in 1988, is an integrated approach incidence in humans have increased within the
utilizing primary, secondary and tertiary past two decades or threaten to increase in the
prevention in different regions of the country at near future.
both hospital and community levels. - Six lead Environmental Health
Cancers (lung, breast, liver, cervix, oral cavity, - Environmental health is concerned with
colon and rectum) are discussed. preventing illness through managing the
Diabetes Control Program environment and by changing people’s behavior
- Diabetes is a serious chronic metabolic disease to reduce exposure to biological and non-
characterized by an increase in blood sugar biological agents of disease and injury. - It is
levels associated with long term damage and concerned primarily with effects of the
failure or organs functions, especially the eyes, environment to the health of the people.
the kidneys, the nerves, the heart and blood - Goals: Reduction of environmental and
vessels. occupational related diseases, disabilities and
In diabetic, blood sugar reaches a dangerously deaths through health promotion and mitigation
high level which leads to complications ◦ of hazards and risks in the environment and
Blindness ◦ Kidney failure ◦ Stroke ◦ Heart workplaces.
attack ◦ Wounds that would not heal ◦ Impotence Expanded program on Immunization
What can you do to control your blood sugar? 1. - The expanded program on immunization is one
Diet therapy of the DOH programs that has already been
2. Exercise institutionalized and adopted by all LGUs in the
3. Control your weight region. - Its objective is to reduce infant
4. Quit smoking mortality and morbidity through decreasing the
Dengue Control Program prevalence of six (6) immunizable diseases (TB,
- The thrust of the Dengue Control Program is diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio and measles.
directed towards community-based prevention Family Planning
and control in endemic areas - Major strategy is - The program is anchored on the following basic
advocacy and promotion, particularly the Four principles
O’clock Habit which was adopted by most 1. Responsible Parenthood which means that
LGUs. - This is a nationwide, continuous and each family has the right and duty to determine
concerted effort to eliminate the breeding places the desired number of children they might have
of Aedes aegypti. - Other initiatives are and when they might have them.
dissemination of IEC materials and tri-media 2. Respect for life.
coverage. 3. Birth spacing refers to interval between
Dental Health Program pregnancies
- Comprehensive Dental Health program aims to Mission – The DOH in partnership with LGUs,
improve the quality of life of the people through NGOs, the private sectors and communities
the attainment of the highest possible oral ensures the availability of FP information and
health. - Its objective is to prevent and control services to men and women who need them
dental diseases and conditions like dental carries Objectives General: - To help couples,
and periodontal diseases thus reducing their individuals achieve their desired family size
prevalence. - To attain orally fit children, the

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 CPHM 121
within the context of responsible parenthood and public health systems, both at the central and
improve their reproductive health regional level.
Food and Waterborne Diseases Prevention and - Furthermore, it aims at ensuring equity in the
Control Program availability, accessibility, appropriateness and
- The food and Waterborne Diseases Prevention affordability of mental health and psychiatric
and Control Program (FWBDPCP) established services in the country.
in 1997 but became fully operational in 1997 but Newborn screening
became fully operational in year 2000 with the - Newborn Screening (NBS) is a simple procedure
provision of a budget amounting to PHP to find out if your baby has a congenital
551,000.00 - The program focuses on Cholera, metabolic disorder that may lead to mental
typhoid fever, hepatitis A and other food borne retardation and even death if left untreated.
emerging diseases (e.g. Paragonimus) Occupational Health Program
Knock out Tigdas - Vision/Mission Statement
- The Knock-out tigdas is s strategy to reduce the ◦ Health for all occupations in partnership with
number or pool of children at risk of getting the workers, employers, local government
measles, or being susceptible to measles and authorities and other sectors in promoting self-
achieve 95% measles circulation in all sustaining programs and improvement of
communities in 2008. workers’ health and working environment. ◦
Leprosy Control program Program Objective and Targets: To promote and
- Leprosy Control program envisions eliminating protect the health and well-being of the working
Leprosy as a human disease by 2020 and is population thru improved health, better working
committed to eliminate leprosy as a public conditions and workers’ environment.
health problem by attaining a national Health development Program for Older Persons
prevalence rate (PR) of less than 1 per 10,000 - The Program intends to promote and improve
populations by year 2000 the quality of life of older persons through the
Malaria Control Program establishments and provision of basic health
- 58 of 80 provinces: malaria endemic ◦ services for older persons, formulation of
Population at risk: 12 M ◦ 22 provinces: policies and guidelines pertaining to older
maintain malaria-free* status ◦ 2– 4 outbreaks persons, provision of information and health
per year * malaria-free: absence of indigenous education to the public, dedicated to older
malaria case person and, the conduct of basic and applied
National Filariasis Elimination Program researches.
- Universal access to quality health services Pinoy MD Program “Gusto Kong Maging Doktor”
Program Objectives: ◦ General Objectives: To - A Medical scholarship Grant for Indigenous
reduce the Prevalence Rate to <1/1000 People, Local Health Workers, Barangay Health
population workers, Department of Health employees or
Specific Objectives their children. - This is a joint program of the
1. To established the endemicity of Department of Health (DOH), Philippine
municipalities at the Charity Sweepstakes Office (PCSO), and several
end of two years State Universities and Medical Schools
2. To perform Mass Treatment in established Prevention of Blindness Program
endemic municipalities for at least four years. - To eliminate all avoidable blindness by
3. To continue surveillance of established preventing and controlling diseases through the
endemic areas five years after Mass treatment development of human resource, infrastructure,
National Mental Health Program and appropriate technology
- . It aims at integrating mental health within the Schistosomiasis Control Program
total health system, initially within the DOH - Goal of the National Schistosomiasis control
system, and local health system. - Within the program is to eliminate Schistosomiasis as a
DOH, it has initiated and sustained the public health problem (Prevalence of 1% and
integration process within the hospital and below)

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 CPHM 121

National TB Control Program

- In 1196, WHO introduced the Directly Observed
Treatment Short Course (DOTS) to ensure
completion of treatment.
- The DOTS strategy depends on five elements for
its success:
- Microscope, Medicines, Monitoring, DOT and
Political Commitment.
- If any of these elements are missing, our ability
to consistency cure TB patients slips through our
fingers.
Republic Act 7719 is otherwise known as “Blood
Services Act of 1994”
- Objectives are: To promote and encourage
voluntary blood donation by the citizenry and to
instill public consciousness of the principle that
blood donation is a humanitarian act.
- To provide, adequate, safe, affordable and
equitable distribution of supply of blood and
blood products
MIXED SECTORS
o PTS - Philippine Tuberculosis society
o PCS - Philippine Cancer Society
o PNRC - Philippine National Red Cross
o PMHA - Philippine Mental Health Association
o PHA - Philippine Heart Association
 Socialized Medicine
- Funded by general taxation, emphasis on
prevention.
 Compulsory Health insurance
- Requires people to subscribe to health insurance
plan, usually government sponsored.
 Voluntary Health Insurance
- Government only encourages people to
subscribe to health insurance.
 Free Enterprise
- People have to take care of their medical needs.

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