CHEMISTRY (043)

ANNUAL SYLLABUS (2023-24)

CLASS-XI
Unit I : Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
General Introduction: Importance and scope of Chemistry. Nature of matter, laws of chemical combination,
Dalton's atomic theory: concept of elements, atoms and molecules. Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept
and molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formula, chemical reactions, stoichiometry and
calculations based on stoichiometry.

Unit II: Structure of Atom

Discovery of Electron, Proton and Neutron, atomic number, isotopes and isobars. Thomson's model and its
limitations. Rutherford's model and its limitations, Bohr's model and its limitations, concept of shells and
subshells, dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of
orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals - Aufbau principle,
Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half-filled and
completely filled orbitals.

Unit III: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Significance of classification, brief history of the development of periodic table, modern periodic law and the
present form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements -atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii,
Ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valency. Nomenclature of elements with atomic
number greater than 100.

Unit IV: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond,
covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR
theory, concept of hybridization, involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular
orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules(qualitative idea only), Hydrogen bond.

Unit VIII: Redox Reactions

Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing redox reactions, in terms of loss
and gain of electrons and change in oxidation number, applications of redox reactions.

NOTE: Completion of syllabus of Mid-Term by 15th September 2023

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MID-TERM EXAMINATION
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Unit VI: Chemical Thermodynamics
Concepts of System and types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties,
state functions. First law of thermodynamics -internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat,
measurement of U and H, Hess's law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion,
formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution. Second law of
Thermodynamics (brief introduction) Introduction of entropy as a state function, Gibb's energy change for
spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes, criteria for equilibrium. Third law of thermodynamics (brief
introduction).
Unit VII: Equilibrium
Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium
constant, factors affecting equilibrium - Le Chatelier's principle, ionic equilibrium- ionization of acids and bases,
strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, ionization of poly basic acids, acid strength, concept of pH,
hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), buffer solution, Henderson Equation, solubility product, common ion effect
(with illustrative examples).

Unit XII: Organic Chemistry -Some Basic Principles and Techniques

General introduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC
nomenclature of organic compounds. Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric
effect, resonance and hyper conjugation. Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radicals,
carbocations, carbanions, electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions.

Unit XIII: Hydrocarbons

Classification of Hydrocarbons Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: Alkanes - Nomenclature, isomerism, conformation
(ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation,
combustion and pyrolysis.
Alkenes - Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods
of preparation, chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov's
addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.
Alkynes - Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical
reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of - hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water.
Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity, chemical
properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft's
alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in monosubstituted benzene. Carcinogenicity and
toxicity.

NOTE:
• Complete the annual syllabus by 15
31 December
January 2024
2023
• Whole syllabus will be covered in Common Annual School Examination.
• Chapter wise weightage and question paper design for Common Annual School Examination is
as follows:

Sr. No. Name of the Unit Marks

1. Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 7
2. Structure of Atom 9
3. Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 6
4. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 7
5. Chemical Thermodynamics 9
6. Equilibrium 7
7. Redox Reactions 4
8. Organic Chemistry: Some basic Principles and Techniques 11
9. Hydrocarbons 10
Total 70
 QUESTION PAPER DESIGN CLASS-XI (2023-24)
Section Type of Questions Marks
A Selected Response Type (Multiple Choice Questions) 16
12 MCQs and 4 Assertion-Reason type questions.
1 marks each

B Very Short Answer Type Questions 10

5 questions with internal choice in one question.
2 marks each.

C Short Answer Type Questions 21

7 questions with internal choice in one question.
3 marks each.

D Case -Based Questions 8

2 Questions, each question has an internal choice and carries
4 (1+1+2) marks each.

E Long Answer Type Questions 15

3 questions with internal choice in each question.
5 marks each.

Total 70

Sr. No. Domain Total Marks Percentage

1. Remembering and Understanding: Exhibit memory of 28 40
previously learned material by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts
and answers. Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by
organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions
and stating main ideas.

2. Applying: Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired 21 30

knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way.

3. Analysing, Evaluating and Creating: Examine and break 21 30

information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make
inferences and find evidence to support generalizations. Present
and defend opinions by making judgments about information,
validity of ideas or quality of work based on a set of criteria.
Compile information together in a different way by combining
elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions.

PRACTICAL SYLLABUS (2023-24)

Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments, wherever possible such techniques
should be used.
A. Basic Laboratory Techniques
1. Cutting glass tube and glass rod
2. Bending a glass tube
3. Drawing out a glass jet
4. Boring a cork

B. Characterization and Purification of Chemical Substances

1. Determination of melting point of an organic compound.
2. Determination of boiling point of an organic compound.
3. Crystallization of impure sample of any one of the following: Alum, Copper Sulphate, Benzoic Acid.

E. Quantitative Estimation
i. Using a mechanical balance/electronic balance.
ii. Preparation of standard solution of Oxalic acid.
iii. Determination of strength of a given solution of Sodium hydroxide by titrating it against standard solution of
Oxalic acid.
iv. Preparation of standard solution of Sodium carbonate.
v. Determination of strength of a given solution of hydrochloric acid by titrating it against standard Sodium
Carbonate solution.

NOTE: Completion of syllabus of Mid-Term by 15th September 2023

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MID-TERM EXAMINATION
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C. Experiments based on pH
a) Any one of the following experiments:
• Determination of pH of some solutions obtained from fruit juices, solution of known and varied concentrations
of acids, bases and salts using pH paper or universal indicator.
• Comparing the pH of solutions of strong and weak acids of same concentration. Study the pH change in the
titration of a strong base using universal indicator.
b) Study the pH change by common-ion in case of weak acids and weak bases.

D. Chemical Equilibrium One of the following experiments:

a) Study the shift in equilibrium between ferric ions and thiocyanate ions by increasing/decreasing the
concentration of either of the ions.
b) Study the shift in equilibrium between [Co(H2O)6]2+ and chloride ions by changing the concentration of either
of the ions.

F. Qualitative Analysis
a) Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt
Cations- Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+ , Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4 +
Anions - CO32- , S2- , NO2- , SO32-, SO42-, NO3 - , Cl- , Br-, I-, PO43-, CH3COO-
(Note: Insoluble salts excluded)
b) Detection of -Nitrogen, Sulphur, Chlorine in organic compounds.

PROJECTS
Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other sources. A few
suggested Projects
• Checking the bacterial contamination in drinking water by testing sulphide ion
• Study of the methods of purification of water
• Testing the hardness, presence of Iron, Fluoride, Chloride, etc., depending upon the regional variation in
drinking water and study of causes of presence of these ions above permissible limit (if any).
• Investigation of the foaming capacity of different washing soaps and the effect of addition of Sodium carbonate
on it
• Study the acidity of different samples of tea leaves.
• Determination of the rate of evaporation of different liquids Study the effect of acids and bases on the tensile
strength of fibers.
• Study of acidity of fruit and vegetable juices.
Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work, can be chosen with the approval
of the teacher.

Evaluation Scheme for Examination Marks

Volumetric Analysis 08
Salt Analysis 08
Content Based Experiment 06
Project Work 04
Class record and viva 04
Total 30