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Telugu Grammar Basics v1.0

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Telugu is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly in the Indian state of Andhra

Pradesh and the union territory of Puducherry. It has a rich grammar system with
its own set of rules and structures. Here are some basic aspects of Telugu grammar:

Alphabet: Telugu has its own script, which consists of 56 alphabets, including
vowels and consonants. The script is syllabic, and each character represents a
syllable. Vowels can be short or long, and consonants can be classified into
various groups.

Vowels (Achulu): Telugu vowels are divided into short and long vowels. There are 14
vowels in total, including both short and long forms. Short vowels are represented
by single characters, while long vowels are represented by a combination of
characters.

Consonants (Hallulu): Telugu has 36 consonants, and they are grouped into five
categories: Vargiyalu, Palatal, Cerebral, Dental, and Labial.

Syllable Structure: Telugu words are typically composed of syllables that follow
the consonant-vowel (CV) pattern. The structure of a syllable can be CVC, CCV, or
CCVC, depending on the word.

Nouns (Subantamulu): Telugu nouns are gender-neutral, which means they don't have
grammatical gender like some other languages. Nouns are inflected for case, number,
and definiteness.

Pronouns (Sarvanamalu): Telugu pronouns are inflected for case and number. There
are different forms of pronouns for the first person, second person, and third
person.

Verbs (Kriyapadamulu): Telugu verbs are inflected for tense, mood, aspect, person,
and number. There are three main tenses: past, present, and future. Verbs can be
conjugated in various ways based on these factors.

Adjectives (Visheshanalu): Adjectives in Telugu are used to describe nouns. They


agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Adverbs (Kriyavisheshanalu): Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs to


provide more information about actions, qualities, or manner.

Sentence Structure: Telugu typically follows a subject-object-verb (SOV) word order


in declarative sentences. However, word order can be flexible due to case markings.

Cases (Vibhaktulu): Telugu uses case suffixes to indicate the grammatical


relationship between nouns and other words in a sentence. Some common cases include
nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, and vocative.

Negation: In Telugu, negation is often expressed by adding the negative marker


"kaadu" or "ledu" to the verb.

Questions: Questions in Telugu can be formed by altering word order or by using


question particles like "emi" (what), "ela" (how), and "evaru" (who).

These are just some of the basic aspects of Telugu grammar. Learning any language
requires practice and immersion to fully grasp its grammar and usage. Additionally,
Telugu grammar has its own intricacies and nuances that may require more in-depth
study for mastery.

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