What is the Probability Distribution?

In the field of Statistics, Probability Distribution plays a major role in giving

out the possibility of every outcome pertaining to a random experiment or
event. It gives forth the probabilities of various possible occurrences. One is
already aware that Probability refers to the measure of the uncertainties
found in different phenomenon’s.
A Probability Distribution is a table or an equation that interconnects each
outcome of a statistical experiment with its probability of occurrence.
To understand the concept of a Probability Distribution, it is important to
know variables, random variables, and some other notations.
Random experiments are often defined to be the result of an experiment
whose result is hard to predict. For instance, while flipping a coin, one cannot
predict the outcome, that is, whether it will be a head or a tail. The possible
result witnessed in a random experiment is termed as its outcome. While the
set of outcomes is referred to as the sample point. With reference to these
experiments or events, one can easily create a Probability table in terms of
the expected variables and probabilities.
Variables: A variable is defined as any symbol that can take any particular
set of values.
Random Variable: When the value of any variable is the outcome of a
statistical experiment, that variable is determined as a Probability
Distribution of random variables. It can be Discrete (not constant) or
Continuous or both.
Mostly, statisticians make use of capital letters to denote a Probability
Distribution of random variables and small-case letters to represent any of
its values.
X denotes the Probability Distribution of random variable X
P(X) denotes the Probability of X.
p( X=x) denotes the Probability that random variable x is equivalent to any
particular value, represented by X. For example: P (X=1) states the Probability
Distribution of the random variable X is equivalent to 1.
Probability Distribution of Random Variables
A random variable is said to have a Probability Distribution that goes on to
define the Probability of its unknown values. These random variables can
often be Discrete and at other times Continuous, or even both. This refers to
the fact that it will take any designated finite or countable values along with a
Probability mass Function of the given random variable’s Probability
Distribution. It can also take up any numerical value in any given interval or
even set of intervals.
Any two random variables possessing equal Probability Distribution can still
vary due to their relationship with other random variables. Random variates
is a term used to describe the recognition of the random variable.

Probability Distribution Definition

Probability Distributions give up the possible outcome of any random event.
It is also identified on the grounds of underlying sample space as a set of
possible outcomes of any random experiment. These settings can be a set of
Prime Numbers, a set of Real Numbers, a set of Complex Numbers, or a set
of any entities. The Probability Distribution is a part of Probability and
Statistics.
Random experiments are termed as the outcomes of an experiment whose
results cannot be predicted. For example- if we toss a coin, we cannot predict
what will appear, either the head or tail. The possible result of a random
experiment is known as the outcome. And the set of outcomes is termed as a
sample point. Through these possibilities, we can design a Probability table
on the basis of variables and probabilities.

Types of Probability Distribution:

There are two types of Probability Distribution which are used for distinct
purposes and various types of data generation processes.

These Two Types of Probability Distribution are:

1. Normal or Continuous Probability Distribution

2. Binomial or Discrete Probability Distribution

Normal Probability Distribution
In this Distribution, the set of all possible outcomes can take their values on a
continuous range. It is also known as Continuous or cumulative Probability
Distribution.
For example- Set of real Numbers, set of prime numbers, are the Normal
Distribution examples as they provide all possible outcomes of real Numbers
and Prime Numbers. Real-life scenarios such as the temperature of a day is
an example of Continuous Distribution.
As the Normal Distribution Statistics predict some natural events clearly, it
has developed a standard of recommendation for many Probability issues.
Some examples are:

 Rolling of a dice

 Tossing a coin

 Height of a newly born babies

 Size of men or women's shoes.

 Income Distribution of a country between rich and poor

Binomial / Discrete Probability Distribution

The Binomial Distribution is also termed as a Discrete Probability Function
where the set of outcomes is Discrete in nature. For example: if a dice is
rolled, then all its possible outcomes will be Discrete in nature and it gives
the mass of outcome. It is also considered a Probability mass Function

In a real-life scenario the concept of Binomial Distribution is used for:

 To find out the number of men and women working in a college

 To find the Number of used and unused particles while manufacturing

a product

 To check the Number of people watching the particular channel by

calculating the or yes or no.

 To take a survey of positive and negative feedback for some issues.

Negative Binomial Distribution
A negative Binomial Distribution is a term used when in a given Discrete
Probability Distribution, before a particularized Number of failures occurs,
the Number of the success in the series of the independent and identical
Bernoulli trials happens. The Number of failures here is denoted by the letter
‘r’. For example, while throwing a dice, we determine the occurrence of the
Number 1 as a failure and all the mom-1’s as a success. Now, throwing the
dice Continuously until the Number 1 occurs three times, indicating three
failures, in this case, the Probability Distribution of the non-1 Numbers that
have arrived would be referred to as the Negative Binomial Distribution.

Poisson Probability Distribution

This Discrete Probability Distribution presents the Probability of a given
number of events that occur in time and space, at a steady rate. It had
gained its name from the French Mathematician Simeon Denis Poisson. This
kind of Distribution also finds its relevance in other events occurring at
particular intervals, for example, distance, area, and volume. Some examples
of these are;

 Number of patients arriving at the hospital in the time interval 10 to 11

AM

 Number of emails that a manager receives in the office hours.

PRIOR Probability
Prior Probability, also known as prior, of a quantity that is unpredictable,
refers to the Probability Distribution which expresses one’s faith in the given
quantity before any given proof is taken into records. For example, the prior
Probability Distribution points at the relative proportions of voters that might
vote for a given politician at the election. The hidden quantity can point at
the possible variable rather than at a perceptible variable.