Chapter 3: Intention to Do Something

A. Introduction.
Someone may have an intention to do something at some future time or at a definite future time.
One may also have an intention in doing what is currently undertaking. Your goal, purpose, or aim
is your intention. It is something that you mean to do, whether you do it or not. In English, there are
many ways to express intention. In this chapter, we are going to discuss about social function,
structure, and language features of text involving expressions of asking for and giving information
about intention to do something.

B. Expressing Intention .
Pay attention to the following sentences
1. What are you doing after school?
2. Are you going to study with Alison’s group tonight?
3. I’ll join next weekend.
4. We’re going to have a quiz tomorrow.
5. I hope not, but we’re going to study for that just in case.
6. We’ll see you later.
7. I’m going to get someone things from my locker. I’ll walk with you two.

From those sentences, we know that the first and second sentences are asking for information about
intention to do something. The rest are stating intention to do something.
An intention is an idea that you plan (or intend) to carry out. It means something that you want and
plan to do. If we want to do something, it means we have an aim, a plan, an intention, or a reason.
1. Asking for intention
-What is your plan?
-What are you going to do?
-What will you do?
-What are you planning to do?
-What do you want to do?
-What would you rather to do?
2. Stating intention
-I will…
-I’m going to…
-I would like to…
-I would rather…than…
-I plan to…
-I want to…
-I hope to…

Examples:
a. I will improve my English.
b. I’m going to a bookstore.
c. I would like to swim in the new swimming pool.
 I’d like to… I will… I’m going to… I would
rather…than…
I’d like to = Functions: Functions: Function:
I would like to -A the moment we -When we have made the When we choose
“Would like” make a new decision or decision. between two options.
means “Want”, plan. The thought has Example:
but it is polite. just come into our I would rather stay at
Functions: head. home than go
-Talk about fishing.
dreams and
ambitions.

C. The use of “be going to” and “would like to”

1. Be going to
We use “be going to” to talk about future intentions or plans which are fairly certain. We can use it
when we have the intention to do something before we speak or we have already made a decision
before speaking. We also use “be going to” when we want to make a prediction based on evidence
we can see now.

Subject + be + going + infinitive E.g. We are going to visit our grandmother tonight

2. Would like to
“I would like to” is a polite way to say “I want” in English. In this case, we are going to discuss
about “would like to”. The use “would like to” is to talk about ambitions, hopes, or preferences.

Subject + would like to + infinitive E.g. I would like to improve my English.

Answer the following question with “be going to” and “would like to”
1. What are you going to do tomorrow?
2. What are you going to do on weekend?
3. What country would you like to travel?
4. What would you like to do in next five year?
5. What would you like to do if the pandemic is over?

Chapter 4 & 5: Describing a Tourist Attraction and Destination

A. Introduction
1. A tourist attraction is a place that people visit for pleasure and interest, usually while they are on
holiday. People usually visit a tourist attraction typically for its inherent or exhibited natural or
cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure, adventure, and
amusement. Natural parks and historical sites are examples of tourist attraction. A national park is a
park in use for conservation purposes, while a historic site or heritage site is an official location
where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their
cultural heritage value. To promote those tourist attractions, we need descriptions of the places. In
this chapter, we are going to learn about social function, structure, and language
features of descriptive texts.

Look at the photos and answer the question!

a. Which is national park or historical site?

b. What are the names of the places? Where are their locations?
c. What kind of places do you to visit on holiday?
d. Why do many people like to go sightseeing during holiday?

2. Some people have opportunities to go abroad, but some of them do not. Descriptive text about a
tourist destination can help us imagine what the tourist destination looks like. Through pictures and
their descriptions help the readers feel that they are there. In this chapter, we are going to discuss
more about social function, structure, and language features of descriptive texts related to tourist
destinations in other countries.

Look at the following picture! Tell the names, location, and their special attraction!
B. Descriptive text

Part 1.
Descriptive texts are usually found in magazines, newspaper, and travel books. A descriptive text is
a text which describes a particular object like a place, thing, or person.

1. Social Function.
The social function of descriptive texts is to describe specific features of a thing, a place, or a
person. Descriptive texts help readers visualize what a person, a place, or a thing is like.
Descriptive texts about a place function to describe, to promote or introduce a place, and to inform
about a place.
2. General Structure.
a. Identification.
It is an opening paragraph. It introduces the object which is going to be described. A
descriptive about a place identifies the place to be described.
b. Description.
It consists of series of paragraphs to describe the parts, features, or the specific characteristic of
the subject. A descriptive about a place describes the characteristics or parts of the place or
building described.
Example:

Title Kembang is land

identificatio Kembang island is adelta located in the middle of the Barito river included in
n the district administrative region Alalak, Barito kuala, south Kalimantan,
Indonesia.
description Kembang is land is a habitat for hundreds of monkey and several species of
birds. Here also is habitat of Bekantan. Bekantan is a monkey who has a long
nose, these monkey are shy proboscis monkey, including if there are visitors
coming to the island. Visitors can also see the monkeys swimming there. The
visitors can also interact with them by feeding them with nuts, bananas, or
other food.

3. Language Features
a. Use a specific participant/subject.
b. Use lots of adjective (e.g. small, large) and adverbs (e.g. easily, directly).
c. Use simple present tense.
d. Use descriptive words.
e. Sometimes use degree of comparison (e.g. smaller, larger).

Part 2.
A descriptive text usually focuses on describing a single place, person, or object. The social
function of descriptive text is to describe something so vividly. The key to a good description is
to be as specific as possible. The main purpose of a descriptive is to enable the readers to
picture what you’re describing. The parts of descriptive writing are introductory paragraph,
supporting paragraph, and concluding paragraph.
Title Lake Garda
Introductory identification Lake Garda is located in northeast Italy. Tourist traveling
paragraph here will find plenty of excursions and activities.
Supporting Description Lake Garda’s beautiful surroundings have inspired authors
paragraph and artist alike. It has both old charming villager and
modern towns with all manner facilities.
Supporting Major sight include the towns of Sirmione (which attracts
paragraph most Lake Garda visitors thanks to its historic Rocca
Scaligiera Castle) and Riva del Garda (for the Varone
Waterfalls located nearby), as well as the region’s hills,
which offer numerous hiking trails for adventurous
walkers.
Supporting The lake has numerous small island and five main ones, the
paragraph largest being Isola Del Garda. Near to the south is Isola San
Biagio, also known as the Isola Dei Conigli (“Island of the
Rabbits”). Both are offshore of San Felice del Benaco, on
the west side. The three other main island are Isola
dell’Olivo, Isola di Sogno, and Isola di trimelone, all
farther north near the east side.
Supporting Today the lake is considered one of the best place around
paragraph for hang-gliding, windsurfing, and mountain biking.
Concluding The pleasant climate, fantastic countryside, the many
paragraf historical places of interest and the hospitable people make
Lake Garda an internationally famous holiday destination.

C. Nouns and Adjective

When we write descriptive text, we always mention nouns and adjective. We also need noun
phrases in it.
1. Noun is a part of speech that names a person, place, thing, idea action, or quality. In descriptive
text, we usually mention thing, place, or person.
2. Adjective is a word that describes a noun. When we combine an adjective and a noun, it forms a
noun phrase. A noun phrase is a noun that goes with a modifier. An adjective that describes a noun
is called a modifier. Now, look at the following example!

Beautiful lake > Beautiful lake

Noun phrase
Adj. noun modifler noun
A noun phrase may consist of some adjectives with a noun. The following word order of adjective before a
noun.

General
Determiner Size Shape Condition Age Color Origin Material Purpose Noun
opinion
A beautiful Wide Island
convenie
The Public Transport
nt
The biggest Temple
A Small Fertile Forest
Recreatio
Many Places
n