Physics Lab 1 Write Up

Table:
Figure(1.1) : Data showing the force in newtons of a spring at varying lengths of extension
compiled through given information.
Measured
Mass (kg) Extension (m) weight (N)
0.165 0.063 1.62
0.338 0.128 3.31
0.505 0.215 4.95
0.697 0.318 6.84
0.988 0.476 9.69
1.554 0.789 15.24
1.83 0.648 17.95
Graph:
Figure (1.2): This figure is the graph of extension (m) of the spring against the force (N) the
resultant line of best fit is the k value (spring constant).Similarly to the k value being comparable
to the slope of the graph the b value of the graph is the spring at rest which explains the
negligent force at 0.0 extension. Compiling the data given we are able to construct such a linear
graph y=mx+b, y=21.6x+0.4.
Note: This line of best fit is a regression equation using the LINEST function.
Comparison:
The experimental value of the k spring constant was calculated to be 22 ± 3 N/m , the
theoretical value however is 23 N/m, we are able to compare these values by using the percent
error formula of:
δ = percent error
ν𝐴 = experimental
ν𝐸 = theoretical
This formula conveys the percent error of our constant K is 1.39%.
Similarly to the spring constant we will be calculating the percent error of the b value
(y-intercept) The experimental value of the y intercept was calculated to be 0m ± 2, the
theoretical value of b should be zero. Utilizing the percent error formula we can find the percent
error of our constant b which is 0.00%.
Rounding:
(a) (6.832 ± 0.098) m

Rounded uncertainty to one significant digit: ± 0.1
Rounded actual value to one decimal place: 6.8
Result: 6.8 ± 0.1 m
(b) (0.4897 ± 1.2294) kg

Result: 0.5 ± 1.2 kg
(c) (521 512.89 ± 84 383.27) J

Rounded uncertainty to one significant digit: ± 0.1MJ
Rounded actual value to one decimal place: 0.5MJ
Result: 0.5± 0.1MJ
(d) (42.790 ± 0.101) N

Result: 42.8 ± 0.1 N
Propagating uncertainty:
a) if F = ma , then what is δF ?
Too calculate the uncertainty of F we must use the formula:

δ𝑥 2 δ𝑦 2
|𝑥𝑦| ( 𝑥
) +( 𝑦
) from (Eq.4)
Substituting the values of m and a we get:

δ𝑚 2 δ𝑎 2
|𝑚𝑎| ( 𝑚
) +( 𝑎
) = δF
____________________________________________________________________________
𝑃
b) If 𝐿 = 2 , what is δ𝐿 ?
π𝑟
Too calculate the uncertainty of 𝐿 we must use the formula:
| 𝑥 | ( δ𝑥 )2 + ( δ𝑦 )2, (eq 5)
|𝑦| 𝑥 𝑦
Substituting the values of P and r we get:

2
|𝑃| δ𝑃 2 δ𝑟 2
| 2| ( ) +( ) = δ𝐿,
|𝑟 | 𝑃 𝑟
2
____________________________________________________________________________
𝑑1 − 𝑑2
c) 𝑣 = 𝑡1 − 𝑡2
, what is δ𝑣 ?
Too calculate the uncertainty of δ𝑣 we must use the formula
| 𝑥 | ( δ𝑥 )2 + ( δ𝑦 )2, (eq 5)
|𝑦| 𝑥 𝑦
To calculate δ𝑣, we must break it into two different parts:
𝑑1 𝑑2
𝑣= 𝑡1 − 𝑡2
- 𝑡1 − 𝑡2
𝑑1 | 𝑑 | δ𝑑1 2 δ(𝑡1 − 𝑡2) 2

δ = | 𝑡 −1 𝑡 | ( ) +( )
𝑡1 − 𝑡2 | 1 2| 𝑑1 𝑡1 − 𝑡2
𝑑2 | 𝑑 | δ𝑑2 2 δ(𝑡1 − 𝑡2) 2

δ = | 𝑡 −2 𝑡 | ( ) +( )
𝑡1 − 𝑡2 | 1 2| 𝑑2 𝑡1 − 𝑡2
| 𝑑 | δ𝑑1 2 δ(𝑡1 − 𝑡2) 2 2 | 𝑑 | δ𝑑2 2 δ(𝑡1 − 𝑡2) 2 2
δ𝑣 = (| 𝑡 −1 𝑡 | ( ) +( )) + (| 𝑡 −2 𝑡 | ( ) +( ))
| 1 2| 𝑑1 𝑡1 − 𝑡2 | 1 2| 𝑑2 𝑡1 − 𝑡2
____________________________________________________________________________
2 2
d) 𝑣 = 𝑣 𝑥
+ 𝑣 𝑦
, 𝑣𝑥 = (22 ± 2) m/s, and 𝑣𝑦= (5.8 ± 0.3) m/s
First we must calculate the actual 𝑣 value:

2 2
𝑣 = (22𝑚/𝑠) + (5. 8𝑚/𝑠)
𝑣 = 22.8m/s
δ𝑣 2 2 δ𝑣 2 2
δ𝑣 = ( δ𝑣𝑥 ) (δ𝑣𝑥) + ( δ𝑣𝑦 ) (δ𝑣𝑦)
δ𝑣 2 2 δ𝑣 2 2
δ𝑣 = ( ) (δ𝑣𝑥) + ( ) (δ𝑣𝑦)
2 2
2 2 𝑣 +𝑣
𝑣 𝑥
+𝑣 𝑦
𝑥 𝑦
22𝑚/𝑠 2 2 5.8𝑚/𝑠 2 2
δ𝑣 = ( ) (2𝑚/𝑠) + ( ) (0. 3𝑚/𝑠)
2 2 2 2
(22𝑚/𝑠) + (5.8𝑚/𝑠) (22𝑚/𝑠) + (5.8𝑚/𝑠)
δ𝑣 = 1.94m/s
𝑣 = 23 ± 2𝑚/𝑠
References and acknowledgements:

Saif sheik- student/lab partner
Kush patel- student/lab partner
Lab manual- uncertainty propagation
Lab procedure- checklist

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Table:

This formula conveys the percent error of our constant K is 1.39%.

(a) (6.832 ± 0.098) m

(b) (0.4897 ± 1.2294) kg

(c) (521 512.89 ± 84 383.27) J

(d) (42.790 ± 0.101) N

Too calculate the uncertainty of F we must use the formula:

Substituting the values of m and a we get:

Too calculate the uncertainty of 𝐿 we must use the formula:

Substituting the values of P and r we get:

Too calculate the uncertainty of δ𝑣 we must use the formula

𝑑1 | 𝑑 | δ𝑑1 2 δ(𝑡1 − 𝑡2) 2

𝑑2 | 𝑑 | δ𝑑2 2 δ(𝑡1 − 𝑡2) 2

First we must calculate the actual 𝑣 value:

References and acknowledgements:

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