ABSTRACT: -

A 2-dimensional representation of a building form as seen from the vertical orthographic plane. In

simple words, a 3d object is represented in a series of 2d drawings as seen from different vertical planes.

Front view of house is known as elevation of house.

The main aspects to keep in mind while designing house front elevation is to plan the open spaces, the

covered spaces and the elevation design of each floor if the house has more than one level. Also called

an "entry elevation," the front elevation of a home plan shows features such as entry doors, windows,

the front porch and any items that protrude from the home, such as side porches or chimneys .In the

present work house elevation is drafted using AUTOCAD 2D.

It shows following points

 Building profile

 Window opening, door openings, design Jalis..

 Elevation treatment such as cladding, cornices and design elements.

 Building Floor levels such as plinth heights, floor heights and total heights.

 Wall elevation levels, meaning protrusions or setbacks in the wall.

INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING ELEVATIONS: -

The front elevation designs or the front home designs hold great importance in the

architecture of a building as it not only makes the building visually appealing but also adds to

its environmental and commercial value. The exterior house design remains quite significant.

A well-planned building elevation designs provide sufficient sunlight, avoids excessive

noises and flares, and maintains the building temperature while reducing energy

consumption.

Therefore, elevation designs of buildings require comprehensive study and a understanding of

sustainable architecture and development.

Harmony between all the elements of building elevation designs

Keep in view the drainage and water issues while planning the elevation designs for house

Allow natural light to come in through the exterior housing elevation designs

Bring variety to your front elevation designs:

To plan the front elevation designs for small houses, you must ensure that it not only looks

aesthetic but also caters to the overall requirements of the building elevation designs.

This front elevation design for small houses gives sufficient space for balconies, windows,

light, and ventilation entry. Furthermore, the use of diverse patterns and elevation designs

colours makes it look very distinctive.

AUTOCAD 2D :-
Launching AutoCAD from operating System:-
• Click on Start.
• Go to Programs
• Go to Auto Desk
• Go to Auto CAD 2012- English
• Click on Auto CAD 2012- English.
Using your pointing device:-
One of the key means of controlling commands & inputting information into your
drawing file will be by using your mouse.
Using three button mouse:-
• Left button: data / accept – used to select command & enter points.
• Middle button: It is used as Pan and scroll zooming
• Right button: Reset / reject / repeat last command – used to end a command or to
display
o a small pull down menu or to repeat last command.
• Using the Key boards.
• Typing Command name is “command line”. Can run all the commands in auto CAD.
• Enter button and Space bar can be used to accept a command or repeat last command.
• The Function Keys can be used as toggle buttons to switch ON/ OFF for some of
functions. The Important ones are
Function key Function:-
F1 Help on
F2 Toggle text windows
F3 Toggle object snap setting
F4 3D o snap on/off
F5 Isoplane Top / Left/ Right
F6 Dynamic UCS off/ on
F7 Toggle Grid points
F8 Ortho on/off
F9 Toggle Snap on/off
F10 Toggle Polar on
F11 Object snap tracking off
F12 Dynamic on/off
User coordinate system:-
You can enter pts directly on the command line using 3 different systems. The one you
use is depend on which is more applicable for the situation. The first assignment will get you
used to this the 3 systems are as follows.
a. Absolute Coordinate system (x, y)
b. Relative rectangular Coordinate system @ (x, y)
c. Relative Polar Coordinate system : You would use this System if you know that you
want to draw a line a certain distance at a _ Lar Angle. We would enter this as at D
<
A. In This case D is the distance and A is the angle.
Example: At 10 Angle 900 ( 10 < 90)
Creating a new AutoCAD file:-
Go to file menu
Select new & Click on drawing
Then select template in that selects ACAD and then click on open.

Command in AutoCAD to DRAW, MODIFY and DIMENSION:-

Before going to
start draw any drawing must set Units, Limits & Grid.
Unit limits:
Command : units (enter)
Type Decimal
Millimeters
Click on ok
Limits:
Command: limits (enter)
Specify lower left corner – ( 0, 0)
Specify upper right corner ( 100, 100)
Grid on:
Click on F7
Zoom Command:
Command : Z enter
Options: ( All / center/ dynamic/ extents. Previous/ scale/ window/ object) (
real Time)
Line command:-
Command: L (enter)
Using absolute ordinate system
L (enter)
(0,0) enter
( 100, 0) enter
(100, 00) enter
( 10, 100) enter
Using relative rectangular coordinate system
L (enter)
(0,0) enter
@100,0
@0,100
@-100,0
C enter
Using relative polar Coordinate System:
L enter
Click on screen
@ 100 < 0 enter
@ 100< 90 enter
@ 100 < 180 enter
Construction Line:-
Command: XL enter
XLINE Specify a point or [ Hor/ ver/ Ang/ Bisect/ offset ] : h
Polyline:-
Command: PL (enter)
Specify Start point:
Specify next point (or) [ Arc/ Half width/ length/ undo/ width] : click on screen
For arc in the polyline enter option ‘A’.
Polygon:-
Command: POL (enter)
Polygon enter no. of sides : 5 (enter)
Specify center of polygon or edge : Click on Screen
Enter an option [Inscribed circle/ circumscribed about circle] {I}:C
Circle:-
Command: C (enter)
Circle Specify center pt for circle or [ 3p / 2p/ Ttr]: click on screen
Specify radius of circle : 50 (enter)
second click
Rectangle:-
Rec (enter)
Specify 1st Corner pt: click on Screen first pt
Specify 2nd
Corner pt: click on Screen second pt
Option for specifying other corner points
Using dimension option
Specify other corner pt: [Area/ dimension]: D (enter)
Specify length: 100 (enter)
Specify width : 50 ( enter)
Click on screen
Using Area option
A (enter)
Enter area of rectangle : 100
L (enter)
10 (enter)
Arc:-
Command : Arc (enter)
Specify 1st pt: click on screen
Specify 2nd pt.: click on screen
Specify end pt.: click on screen
Revision cloud:-
Command : Revcloud(enter)
Specify start pt. or [arc/length/object/ style]
s (enter)
Spline:-
Command : Spl (enter)
Click on screen
Ellipse:-
Command : El(enter)
Click on screen (3pts)
Ellipse Arc:-
Command : El (enter)
A (enter)
Click on screen (3pts)
Hatch:-
Command :h (enter)
Scale – 50 (properties)
Click on pick pts.
Click on rectangle
Command :H (enter)
Scale – 0.5
Pick pts
Click on rectangle
Point & Point style:-
6. Points are very simple objects and the process of creating them is very simple.
7. Points are rarely used as drawing components although there is no reason why they
could not be.
For Example: Points are automatically created when you measure and divide commands and
to
set act distance along lines
Point:-
V Command: po (enter)
Click on Screen
Multi Line commands
__ command: mline (enter)
__ Click on Screen
Multiline Style Commands:-
Go to format menu
Select multiline style and click
Keyboard: ML style.
Object snap:-
command: OS (enter)
Select the required node otherwise (select all)
Text :-
Command: t (enter)
Specify two corners
Enter the text
Click on ok
Copy:-
Command : co (or) cp (enter)
Select the Object (enter)
Select the base point and place the point
Mirror:-
Command: mi (enter)
Select the object (enter)
Specify the first pt. of mirror line
Specify the second pt. of mirror line
Erase the source object (yes/No) <N>
Offset:-
Command: O (enter)
Enter the offset distance:
example: 10 (enter)
Select the object and direct the offset
Rectangular Array:-
Command: ar (enter)
Select Tick The rectangular array
Enter the no of rows
Enter the no of columns
Click on the selected objects button
Polar array:-
Command: ar (enter)
Tick polar array
Select the objects
Enter the total no of items
Specify the angle
Specify the center point
Move:-
Command: m (enter)
Select the object
Specify the base point
Click wherever required
Rotate:-
Command: ro (enter)
Select the object (enter)
Specify the base point
Enter the angle
Example: 450 enter
Scale:-
Command: sc (enter)
Select the object (enter)
Specify the base points
Enter the scale
factor Example: 2
(enter)

Stretch:-
s (enter)
Select the object (enter)
Specify Base point and drag the mouse
towards the required direction V 25
Trim:-
Command: tr (enter)
Select cutting edges (enter)
Select the objects to trim
Extend command:-
Command: Ex (enter)
Select boundary edges (enter)
Then select the object to extend
Break command:-
Command: br (enter)
Select 1st point and 2nd point
Chamfer command:-
( Draw a rectangle of 100 x 50 )
Command: Cha (enter)
d (enter)
Enter the distance 15 (enter)
Enter the distance 10 (enter)
Select two adjacent line on screen
Fillet:-
Command: f(enter)
r (enter)
example: 10 (enter)
Explode:-
x (enter)
Select the object (enter)
ELEVATION: -

SPECIFICATION:-
The measurements are as shown in image.
The tajja projection is about 1.5’.

There is a height=3’, width=5” fin which provide very good looking to house.

In the right side there is 3’10” long and width 10” height 3” from face of the building starting from
then of the fin to parapet in firstfloor.

The smaller rectangular shape is also same but the length is about 11”.

The door height is 7’.

The dotted line shows roof having thickness of 10”.,

The long balcony have railing.

Normal window is 4’*4’.

The window in balcony have dimension 6’*4’.

CONCLUSION:-
After creating this plan, anyone should be able to read and follow the specific directions and
construct the object or perform the task according to your design. The finish project should look
just as you imagined it to be. The elevation is very artistic.