WK 4 6

SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)
Subject Tech. Draw. I Grade __7 Level Junior High Quarter Three Week 4-6
MELC CONSTRUCT ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS Competency Code N/A
Name __________________________ Section ________ Date ________

School Consolacion National High School District Consolacion
Readings/Discussions
CONSTRUCT ORTHOGRAPHICPROJECTIONS
TECHNICAL TERMS
Orthographic - is a method of representing three dimensions.

Projection- is an object on a plane having only length and breadth.
Right Angle – is an angle with a measure of 90 degrees.
Dimension – is a radial or linear length (width, height, depth) labeled on a
technical drawing.
Measurement – is the process or result of measuring anything.
Metric system of measurement – is an international system of
measurement
English system of measurement- is an American standard system
of measurement
Metric – pertains to the metric system of measurement.
Dimensioning – is an act of measuring a drawing.
Orthographic projection is a method of representing the exact shape of the object by dropping two or
more perpendicular to a plane generally at right angle. As basic requirement in performing drawing
activities, the students must have the basic knowledge on alphabet of lines. The following are the
basic alphabet of lines that are used in orthographic drawing.
1. Visible lines – Used to show visible edges or contours of an object

(NOTE: Visible lines are sometimes called object lines.)
2. Hidden lines – Represented by a series of medium weight dashes used

to show the hidden or invisible edges of an object.
3. Center lines – Used to show the centers of holes of circular object

or shape.
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4. Section lines – Used to show a surface that has been cut in a section
view. The surface indicated with section line is presumed to be solid
portion.
5. Extension lines – Indicates the limit of a dimension line.
6.Dimension lines – Used to show the size (dimensions) of an object; spans

from one extension line to the next, has arrowhead at both ends, and is
broken in the middle fro the measurement number (dimension).
7.Leader lines – Used to direct descriptive major information, notes, or

special dimensions to features on the drawing and done mechanically.
8.Cutting-plane lines – Used to show where a section has been taken;

arrows on the end show the direction in which the section was taken.
9.Break lines – Used to show that part of the object has been removed or
broken away
a. Short break lines are for freehand, jagged lines and applicable
for small objects only.
b. Long break lines are solid with a Z symbol inserted in several

places and done mechanically and applicable for big objects
only.
10.Reference line – an irregular fine curve line with an arrowhead at one
end used for indicating the measurement and name of a part.
Two Methods of Shape Representation
A. Orthographic Views
B. Pictorial Views (Refer to Operation Sheet #1.2)
Orthographic view-is a representation of two or more separate views. This

can be represented into six principal views and regular views
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1. The Three Regular Views
Orthographic views can be represented by two or more separate views,
however, it is advisable to illustrate three views to show clear and detail
presentation of at least three principal views of the object. The following are:
1. Top View
2. Front View
3. Side View
2. The Six Principal Views (see Fig. 2)

Pictorial View
1. Top View. It is drawn above the front.
2. Front View. It is drawn vertically aligned and below
the top view
3. Right Side View. This located at the right side and aligned
with the front view.
4. Left Side View. The opposite of the right side view. It is located
at the left side and aligned with the front view.
5. Rear View. The opposite view of the front view. It is located
aligned after either at the right side view or left
side view.
6. Bottom View. The opposite view of the top view. This must be
drawn vertically aligned and below the front view.
Fig. 2 shows the six principal views. Further, it shows the

proper location of the top view, front view, right side view,
left side view, rear view, and bottom view
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Top View
Rear View
Left Side view
Right Side View
Front View
Bottom View
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The Space Dimension
This refers to the three dimension standards of the pictorial view such
as: height, width, and depth.
Height is the distance elevation from top to bottom.

Width is the distance from left side to the right side.
Depth is the distance from front to rear.
Read and understand
The ten principles to be considered in constructing orthographic

drawing/projection are:
1. Top view is directly above the front view.
2. Side views are horizontally aligned with the front view and rear
view.
3. The width of the top view is equal to the width of the side view.
4. When a line or edge is viewed perpendicularly to a plane or
surface, projection will appear as a point.
5. A line or edge parallel to a plane of projection will also appear as a
line or edge in its exact shape or true length.
6. A line or edge inclined to the plane of projection will appear shorter
or foreshortened.
7. A surface perpendicular to the plane will appear as a line or edge
equal in length to the nearest edge of the surface which in this
case is either its length or its width depending on its position.
8. A surface parallel to the plane of projection will be shown in its
exact or true shape and size.
9. A surface inclined to the plane of projection will also appear as a
surface but smaller in size and shape.
10. No line or edge of the object can be projected longer than its true
length.
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B. Exercises :
Direction: On the blank provided before each item, write the words that
make the sentence complete and correct.
_________1. Dimension line must be terminated by an _____________.
_________ 2.The length of arrowhead must be _________________.
_________3. It is a thin and dark solid line that extends from a point on
the drawing to which the dimension refers.
_________4. It is a gap, and a distance of the extension line to the object.
_________5.It is the exact width of the arrowhead.
_________6. The distance from front to rear.
_________ 7. It is the opposite view of the top view.
_________ 8. The first step in constructing orthographic drawing.
_________ 9. It is the opposite view of the front view.
________ 10. It is the distance between object outline and dimension line.
B. Direction: Freehand Drawing (use pencil only). On the space provided below, draw the three regular views of
the given object.
Notes: The arrow represents the Front of an object.

. Draw here
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Scoring Rubrics
Accuracy
60 pts - The output is accurately done.
51 pts - Two to five errors are observed on the output.
48 pts. - Six to ten errors are observed on the output.
Neatness
25 pts. - No errors made on the output.
20 pts - Two to three erasures made on the output.
15 pts - Four or more erasures made on the output.
Lettering/Labeling
15 pts. - All information must be completely indicated and legibly printed.
10 pts. – All pieces of information are legibly printed but some are missing.
10 pts. - All pieces of information are legibly printed but some are missing and misspelled.
8 pts. - Pieces of information are not legibly printed and words are misspelled.
D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

Practice Sketching other simple objects
References:
Prepared by:
GILMER S. FELICITAS
Teacher II Edited by:
Consolacion National High School
Reviewed by:
7
GUIDE
For the Teacher
This self-learning home task was designed to provide you a tool for facilitating learning in the Information
Communication Technology (ICT). Activities and exercises are provided to complete the learning activities.
For the Learner
This self-learning home task was designed to provide you with meaningful opportunities to acquire
knowledge, skills and attitudes in Entrepreneurship in a guided and independent manner at your own pace and time.
For the Parent/Home Tutor
This self-learning home task was designed to provide your child and brief and concise learning tool for a
guided and independent learning at his/her pace and time. Your guided supervision, support and coordination with the
teacher are important towards effective learning.

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SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

MELC CONSTRUCT ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS Competency Code N/A

Name __________________________ Section ________ Date ________

Orthographic - is a method of representing three dimensions.

1. Visible lines – Used to show visible edges or contours of an object

2. Hidden lines – Represented by a series of medium weight dashes used

3. Center lines – Used to show the centers of holes of circular object

5. Extension lines – Indicates the limit of a dimension line.

6.Dimension lines – Used to show the size (dimensions) of an object; spans

7.Leader lines – Used to direct descriptive major information, notes, or

8.Cutting-plane lines – Used to show where a section has been taken;

b. Long break lines are solid with a Z symbol inserted in several

Two Methods of Shape Representation

Orthographic view-is a representation of two or more separate views. This

2. The Six Principal Views (see Fig. 2)

Fig. 2 shows the six principal views. Further, it shows the

Left Side view

Right Side View

Height is the distance elevation from top to bottom.

Read and understand

The ten principles to be considered in constructing orthographic

Notes: The arrow represents the Front of an object.

60 pts - The output is accurately done.

51 pts - Two to five errors are observed on the output.

48 pts. - Six to ten errors are observed on the output.

25 pts. - No errors made on the output.

20 pts - Two to three erasures made on the output.

15 pts - Four or more erasures made on the output.

15 pts. - All information must be completely indicated and legibly printed.

D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

For the Learner

For the Parent/Home Tutor

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Name __________________ Section Date