Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 13 views

    The Heart

    Uploaded by

    Sonkapoponka
    The heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs, slightly left of center. It is approximately the size of a closed fist. The heart has four chambers - two atria that receive blood and two ventricles that pump blood. It also has four valves that ensure one-way blood flow. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium and is pumped to the lungs, then oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium and is pumped to the rest of the body. The heart is supplied by coronary arteries and has its own electrical conduction system to regulate contractions. It is enclosed in a protective sac called the pericardium and functions to pump blood throughout the body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    The Heart

    Uploaded by

    Sonkapoponka
    13 views2 pages
    The heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs, slightly left of center. It is approximately the size of a closed fist. The heart has four chambers - two atria that receive blood and two ventricles that pump blood. It also has four valves that ensure one-way blood flow. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium and is pumped to the lungs, then oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium and is pumped to the rest of the body. The heart is supplied by coronary arteries and has its own electrical conduction system to regulate contractions. It is enclosed in a protective sac called the pericardium and functions to pump blood throughout the body.

    Original Description:

    notes

    Original Title

    The heart

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs, slightly left of center. It is approximately the size of a closed fist. The heart has four chambers - two atria that receive blood and two ventricles that pump blood. It also has four valves that ensure one-way blood flow. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium and is pumped to the lungs, then oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium and is pumped to the rest of the body. The heart is supplied by coronary arteries and has its own electrical conduction system to regulate contractions. It is enclosed in a protective sac called the pericardium and functions to pump blood throughout the body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views2 pages

    The Heart

    Uploaded by

    Sonkapoponka
    The heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs, slightly left of center. It is approximately the size of a closed fist. The heart has four chambers - two atria that receive blood and two ventricles that pump blood. It also has four valves that ensure one-way blood flow. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium and is pumped to the lungs, then oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium and is pumped to the rest of the body. The heart is supplied by coronary arteries and has its own electrical conduction system to regulate contractions. It is enclosed in a protective sac called the pericardium and functions to pump blood throughout the body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Location:

    The heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity, between the lungs.

    It is situated slightly to the left of the midline of the chest, about two-thirds to the left of the
    sternum.

    Size:

    The size of the human heart is approximately that of a closed fist.

    It varies in size from person to person but is typically around 12-14 cm (5-6 inches) in length and 7-9
    cm (3-4 inches) in width.

    Structure:

    The heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.

    The right side of the heart is responsible for receiving deoxygenated blood from the body and
    pumping it to the lungs for oxygenation.

    The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the
    body.

    Valves:

    The heart contains four valves: the tricuspid valve, the pulmonary valve, the mitral valve, and the
    aortic valve.

    These valves ensure that blood flows in one direction, preventing backflow.

    Blood Flow:

    Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium from the body via the superior and inferior vena
    cava.

    The right atrium contracts, sending blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.

    The right ventricle then pumps blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery, which
    carries it to the lungs for oxygenation.

    Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins.

    The left atrium contracts, sending blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle.

    The left ventricle then pumps oxygenated blood through the aortic valve into the aorta, which
    distributes it to the rest of the body.
    Coronary Circulation:

    The heart has its blood supply through the coronary arteries.

    The left and right coronary arteries branch off from the aorta to supply oxygen and nutrients to the
    heart muscle.

    Cardiac Muscle:

    The walls of the heart are primarily composed of cardiac muscle (myocardium).

    This muscle is highly specialized and contracts rhythmically without fatigue to pump blood
    throughout the body.

    Electrical Conduction:

    The heart has its electrical conduction system that regulates the heartbeat.

    The sinoatrial (SA) node, known as the natural pacemaker, initiates the electrical impulse, which
    travels through the atria and then to the atrioventricular (AV) node.

    From the AV node, the impulse is conducted to the bundle of His and the Purkinje fibers, ultimately
    causing the ventricles to contract.

    Pericardium:

    The heart is enclosed by a double-layered membrane called the pericardium.

    The pericardium provides protection and lubrication for the heart.

    Function:

    The primary function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and
    nutrients to cells and removing waste products.

    Cardiac Cycle:

    The cardiac cycle includes systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation) phases, allowing the heart to
    fill with blood and then pump it out.

    Understanding the anatomy of the heart is crucial for comprehending its function and the various
    cardiac conditions and diseases that can affect it.

    You might also like