Economic Research proposal for PHD admission

Government’s role in empowerment of female entrepreneurs in developing

countries

By

Amena Azimi

8/8/2023

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Government’s role in empowerment of female entrepreneurs in
developing countries

1. Introduction:
Entrepreneurship is very important in developing countries. Women entrepreneurs play
a vital role and have turned out to be significant part of the global business environment.
Developing countries have tried a myriad approach to achieve economic growth and
development. As in developed countries, entrepreneurship also has the potential to be
the engine of economic growth through its impact on technology, innovation, allocation
and mobilization of the factors of production. However, severely distorted market
toward the proper functioning of the entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship, therefore is being
proposed as a policy goal where significant benefits to development also accurate
during the process of moving to a more entrepreneurial economy.

Entrepreneurship is also important for new firm creation in the private sector and
legitimate wealth creation. In many developing and tourism countries, the public sector
is the major employer and public sector employment is often a drain on economic
growth as scarce government revenue must be allocated to salaries rather than to other
investment such as education and infrastructure. Entrepreneurial policy will, therefore,
encourage private sector development and offer productive alternatives to public sector
employment.

2. Women entrepreneurs:
The importance of women entrepreneurs cannot be ignored as Jawaharlal Nehru says
“you can tell the condition of a nation by looking at the status of its women”.
Women are the backbone of a society and their presence cannot be ignored in the
society in economic, social, cultural or entrepreneurial fields. When women move
forward, the family moves, the village moves, and the nation moves. Thus women are
very vital for any nation to move ahead towards the path of growth and development

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 and every country should make the best of it. This can be achieved by encouraging
women for entrepreneurship.

Women are surfacing and contributing towards the national economy of India. They
have broken the shackles and have entered in all fields. There are many successful
women entrepreneurs in India but it still has a male dominated culture that poses
problems to women from family as well as society.
In recent years, it is noticed that in spite of social problems, Indian women have entered
all the fields be it telecommunication, pickle making, mass media, cable making,
infrastructure etc. This transformation in Indian women is because of her education,
need for independence, change in lifestyle, support of government etc. women
entrepreneurs deal with male entrepreneurs and have stood up with their counterparts
in all the walks of life.

3. Scope of the study:

The report is prepared concentrating on women entrepreneurs in India. The area of the
survey is only India. So, all the estimations are being made based on the country area.
It will be a comprehensive report based on structured questionnaire survey, data
calculation, women entrepreneurs ‘opinion.

4. Statement of the problem:

Current women’s empowerment interference in developing countries are not enough to
overcome all obstacles facing by female entrepreneurs. Social constraints, gender
discrimination, financial constraints, marketing problems, role conflict and lack of
education are the basic reasons for women who have the ability to become an
entrepreneur.
Male dominancy in India, particularly in rural society still exists and women are not
treated as equivalent to their male counterparts both inside and outside of the house.
Marriage is the carrier for most women in India even professionally they have restricted
their activities to some areas like teaching, office work, nursing and medicine. It is rare

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 that they enter professions like engineering and business. The area of women
entrepreneurship is considered to be under developed. This is due in the part of the fact
that entrepreneurship is regarded to be male activity. Present study is undertaken to
analyze the role of government in empowerment of women entrepreneurs in India and
the challenges that women entrepreneurs face in order to make the necessary
recommendations for the future women entrepreneurs.

5. Research gap:
Many types of research have been done regarding the women entrepreneurship in
developing countries like India. But a few researchers have tried to study the role of
government in empowerment of women entrepreneurs in India. Also, as the economic,
social and cultural situation is changing day by day, so there is the need for a continuous
evaluation of role of government in empowerment of women entrepreneurs in the
country in order to encourage the women entrepreneurs. In this study, I am trying to
study the role of government in empowerment of women entrepreneurs by collecting
primary data which will be collected from women entrepreneurs in India.

6. Needs of the study:

Entrepreneurship itself is recently being as a full-fledged profession and women
entrepreneurship is an even recent concept. Nowadays women entrepreneurs become a
significant instrument for women empowerment. The study raises the awareness among
women entrepreneurs and helps them to know about the opportunities available for
them and also it paves the way for future women who want to enter the world of
entrepreneurship so that they will know the challenges and opportunities of women
entrepreneurs in advance.
Also, it helps the policy makers to make their decisions in such a way that empowers
the women entrepreneurs and provide them with more opportunities.

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 7. Objective of Study:
• To study the role of government for strengthening women entrepreneurs.
• To examine the challenges, face by female entrepreneurs.
• To study the factors that encourage the women entrepreneurs to start their own
business
• To study the entrepreneurial performance of women in business and to make
the necessary recommendations.

8. Literature review:

Tiwari Sanjay Dr. and Tiwari Anshuja Dr. (2007), explained the contemporary issues in
entrepreneurship with regards to reconstruction of social structure in India, reflecting on status
of women, the area where women can be entrepreneur and to contribute to the economy of the
household. They also explained women entrepreneurship, how women can develop self-
confidence and aspiration for better quality of life, improvement in communication skills
through healthy competition.

Jain Shradha and Jain Ravi Kumar (2008) have expressed the role of education in women’s
empowerment. They have explained that the higher education is one of the measures for
empowerment of women in India. They have also suggested several policies in favor of
women empowerment and that were mainly related with higher education.

Kishor K. Lal, (2014), seeks to address the issues of women empowerment through
education. He highlighted the role of education in general and higher education in particular,
in making a huge difference in this regard by involving themselves in sensitization of all the
concerned.

Singh Joginder and Seema (2017) have highlighted the challenges for rural women in India.
They explained that women entrepreneurs face many problems like less education and
awareness, family conflict, managerial issues, problem of mobility, socio-cultural barriers,
and problem in arranging finance and raw material, which come in the way of women
entrepreneurs and suggested for improving their situation.

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Mehta Basant and Jain Pragya (2003) have explained the role of banking institution for the
economic development of women. He stressed on the governmental programmers which are
running for the development of women and the implementation of those programmers in the
right direction he further explained the involvement of banking institutions for the preparing
the project report so as to avoided the delay in the process of loan sanctioning and to ensure
the availability of loan for micro women entrepreneurs.

9. Hypothesis of the study:

1. Governmental schemes and policies helping women entrepreneurs by providing
them trainings, and giving them financial and marketing assistance.
2. Financial constraints, marketing problems, role conflict and lack of education is the
major problems and challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in managing their
businesses.

10. Research methodology:

The research methodology of the study enlightens the methods followed to fulfill the
objectives of research; it includes research design, population, sampling, plan, sources of data,
collection of data. It is descriptive research design.

10.1. Research method:

Survey method

10.2. Data software analysis:

In this research, excel will be used for analyzing the data.

10.3. Sampling design:

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10.3.1. Sampling:

An integral component of research design is the sampling plan. Specifically, it addresses three
questions. Whom to survey (The sampling unit), How many to survey (sampling size), and
how to select them (The sampling procedure).

10.3.2. Sampling Unit:

The sampling units for the study consisted of respondents only women entrepreneurs. But all
residents of India.

10.3.3. Sampling Size:

Considering the nature and extent of the study and with time and distance constraints, a sample
size of 500 women entrepreneurs will be chosen.

10.3.4. Sampling Procedure:

Convenience sampling method will be adopted for the study. Convenience sampling is a type
of non-probability sampling that involves the sample being drawn from that part of the
population that is close to hand.

11. Sources of Data/ Data Collection Method:

In this research will use two sources of data which will be collected carefully in order to
achieve the research objectives:

11.1. Primary data:

The primary data will be collected through questionnaire, which forms the major part of the
project.

11.2. Secondary data:

Secondary data will be collected from Internet, websites and books.

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References:

• Kapur Promilla, (2001), “Empowering the Indian Women”, Ministry of Information and
Broadcasting, Government of India

• Vijya.M, (2007), “Problems and Prospects of women Entrepreneurs in Rural Areas”,

Ganesa Murthy V.S, “India: Economic Empowerment of Women”, New Century

Publications, New Delhi, p 135-144.

Website links:

https://msme.gov.in/node/1768

https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/indexablecontent/uuid:aaa16cd4-e931-4ad6-9c83-0532040e53ec

https://asiafoundation.org/resources/pdfs/LegalEmpowerment.pdf
https://www.osce.org/odihr/forum-women-empowerment-budapest?download=true
saco.com/app/uploads/2016/03/Womens_Economic_Empowerment_FINAL-
ENGLISH_online-version.pdf

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