Experiment 4 Report

Experiment 4
Objective:
To identify solution formation of potassium hydroxide using hydrochloric acid.
Theory:
Acid-base reaction of between potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.
KOH (aq) + HCl(aq) →KCl(aq) + H2O(l)
Potassium hydroxide accepts a proton from hydrochloric acid. Hydroxide ion from
potassium hydroxide which is a base, combines with the proton from hydrochloric
acid forming water. Potassium ion from the base combines with chloride ion from
acid to form potassium chloride (Acids and Bases, 2023).
Procedure:
1. 40.00cm3 of the solution of potassium hydroxide were transferred into a

250cm3 volumetric flask using a measuring cylinder, distilled water filled up to
the mark and was shaken well to obtain a homogenous solution.
2. 25.0cm3 of diluted potassium hydroxide solution from flash were pipetted into
a conical flask. Three drops of methyl orange indicator were added.
3. Burette were filled with hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide solution
was titrated with hydrochloric acid.
4. Endpoint were indicated when colour changes from yellow to pale orange.
5. Step 1 to 4 were repeated for consistent results.
Results:
Titration Number Rough Accurate

1 2 3
Final Reading 29.7 37.3 29.4 37.0
Initial Reading 21.6 29.7 21.7 29.4
Volume of HCl used/cm3 8.1 7.6 7.7 7.6
Summary:
25 cm3 of diluted potassium hydroxide solution require 7.6 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of
hydrochloric acid.
Discussion:
Titration is a laboratory method used to analyse the concentration of an

unknown solution by gradually adding a known solution of known concentration until
a complete reaction occurs. In acid-base titration, the unknown acid or base is
reacted with a known base or acid, respectively. The reaction is monitored using a
pH indicator, which changes color to signify the endpoint ( (Acids and Bases -
Titrations (A-Level Chemistry), n.d.).
In the specific experiment conducted, the aim was to analyse a solution of

potassium hydroxide using a standard hydrochloric acid solution. The reaction
involved potassium hydroxide reacting with hydrochloric acid to produce water and
potassium chloride. The titration process involves the neutralization reaction
represented as: KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → KCl(aq) + H2O(l). To determine the endpoint
of the titration, a small amount of methyl orange is added to the potassium hydroxide
solution (LibreTexts Chemistry website , n.d.).
During the titration process, it is crucial to add the solution from the burette
slowly. This allows for precise determination of the volume of the standard solution
needed to reach the end point and enables the calculation of the concentration of the
potassium hydroxide solution. The endpoint is reached when all the hydrochloric acid
added reacts completely with the 25 cm³ of potassium hydroxide solution. In this
case, the endpoint is signified by a light orange color when methyl orange is used as
the indicator.
Calculation / Discussion:
1. Calculate the number of moles of potassium hydroxide in 1 dm³ of diluted
solution.
2. Calculate the number of moles of potassium hydroxide in the original undiluted

solution.
3. Calculate the mass of potassium hydroxide in 1 dm³ of the original solution.
4. Calculate the mass of the potassium ions, K+, in 1 dm³ of the original solution
Conclusion:
Equation: KOH (aq) + HCl(aq) →KCl(aq) + H2O(l)
In conclusion, the titration experiment successfully analyzed the concentration of a

potassium hydroxide solution using hydrochloric acid. The endpoint of the titration
was determined by the color change of the methyl orange indicator. The results
indicated that 25 cm³ of 0.304 mol dm-3 diluted potassium hydroxide solution required
an average volume of 7.6 cm³ of 1.0 mol dm -3 hydrochloric acid for complete
neutralization and to produce 0.0076 mol of KCl and 0.0076 mol of water.
References:
Acids and Bases - Titrations (A-Level Chemistry). (n.d.). Retrieved from

studymind.co.uk website : https://studymind.co.uk/notes/titrations/
Acids and Bases. (2023). Retrieved from Byju: https://byjus.com/chemistry/acids-

and-bases/
LibreTexts Chemistry website . (n.d.). Retrieved from 21.17 Titration experiment :

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_C
hemistry_(CK-12)/21%3A_Acids_and_Bases/
21.17%3A_Titration_Experiment#:~:text=A%20titration%20is%20an
%20experiment,titrations%20can%20also%20be%20performed.

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Experiment 4

To identify solution formation of potassium hydroxide using hydrochloric acid.

Acid-base reaction of between potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.

KOH (aq) + HCl(aq) →KCl(aq) + H2O(l)

1. 40.00cm3 of the solution of potassium hydroxide were transferred into a

Titration Number Rough Accurate

Titration is a laboratory method used to analyse the concentration of an

In the specific experiment conducted, the aim was to analyse a solution of

1. Calculate the number of moles of potassium hydroxide in 1 dm³ of diluted

2. Calculate the number of moles of potassium hydroxide in the original undiluted

Equation: KOH (aq) + HCl(aq) →KCl(aq) + H2O(l)

In conclusion, the titration experiment successfully analyzed the concentration of a

Acids and Bases - Titrations (A-Level Chemistry). (n.d.). Retrieved from

Acids and Bases. (2023). Retrieved from Byju: https://byjus.com/chemistry/acids-

LibreTexts Chemistry website . (n.d.). Retrieved from 21.17 Titration experiment :

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