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    6.2 Measures of Spread Updated

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    9w6w22b9pm
    This document discusses measures of spread and percentiles. It provides formulas for calculating percentiles and percentile ranks. An example is included that shows how to calculate the 40th percentile and determine the percentile for a value within a data set. Quartiles and the interquartile range are also defined and an example shows how to calculate these and identify outliers using a box and whisker plot.

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    6.2 Measures of Spread Updated

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    9w6w22b9pm
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    This document discusses measures of spread and percentiles. It provides formulas for calculating percentiles and percentile ranks. An example is included that shows how to calculate the 40th percentile and determine the percentile for a value within a data set. Quartiles and the interquartile range are also defined and an example shows how to calculate these and identify outliers using a box and whisker plot.

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    This document discusses measures of spread and percentiles. It provides formulas for calculating percentiles and percentile ranks. An example is included that shows how to calculate the 40th percentile and determine the percentile for a value within a data set. Quartiles and the interquartile range are also defined and an example shows how to calculate these and identify outliers using a box and whisker plot.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    33 views2 pages

    6.2 Measures of Spread Updated

    Uploaded by

    9w6w22b9pm
    This document discusses measures of spread and percentiles. It provides formulas for calculating percentiles and percentile ranks. An example is included that shows how to calculate the 40th percentile and determine the percentile for a value within a data set. Quartiles and the interquartile range are also defined and an example shows how to calculate these and identify outliers using a box and whisker plot.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    MDM 4U 6.

    2 Measures of Spread
    A measure of spread helps you understand how closely a set of data is clustered around its centre.
    To help analyze the spread of data, you may need to identify the percentile rank or calculate percentiles.

    A percentile is the percent of all the data that are less than or equal to the specific data point.
    Ex) Dayne’s free throw shooting accuracy is in the 80th percentile of all high school basketball players in the
    province.
    This statement means that:

    To calculate the percentile of a given value in a list use the following formula. (e.g if question asks ‘What
    percentile does 8.5 kg fall into for this data set?’)

    To calculate the number that represents a specific percentile (e.g. if question asks ‘What is the 25 th
    percentile?’) use the following formula for Percentile Rank:

    p
    R= ( n+1 ) where p is the percentile, n is the population size, and R is the rank of the data point. If the
    100
    formula gives a decimal number for R, take the average of the data points on either side of R

    Note: Your data must be listed in ascending order to use either the percentile or the percentile rank formulas.

    Example One
    The mean playing times in minutes per game for the 22 hockey players on a team are given.
    8.3, 9.2, 12.0, 12.4, 13.4, 13.8, 14.6, 15.2, 16.4, 16.7, 17.4, 17.9, 17.9, 18.1, 18.3, 18.5, 20.5, 21.7, 21.7, 22.6,
    23.4, 24.3
    a) Determine the 40th percentile and explain what it means.

    b) What percentile are the players who averaged 21.7 minutes per game?
    c) Check out infant growth curves for a real-life example
    https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/who_charts.htm#The%20WHO%20Growth%20Charts
    (scroll down a bit, look for growth chart pdfs)

    Quartiles divide the data set into four equal parts. Q1 is the 25th percentile (or the middle number between
    the smallest number and the median), Q2 is the median (or 50th percentile) and Q3 is the 75th percentile (or
    the middle number between the median and the largest number).
    The interquartile range (IQR) is the distance between the first and third quartiles. To calculate, subtract the
    value for Q1 from the value for Q3 (IQR = Q3 – Q1). The interquartile range contains the middle 50% of the
    data.
    A box and whisker plot uses a rectangle to visually demonstrate the spread of the distribution along a number
    line by displaying the median, quartiles, and upper and lower extremes. Note: each of the four zones
    illustrated by a box and whisker plot contains 25% of the data.

    The range is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum value.
    An outlier is identified as being more than 1.5 times the interquartile range (IQR) below Q1 (Q1 – 1.5 x IQR) or
    above Q3 (Q3 + 1.5 x IQR).
    Example Two
    Final grades in a MDM 4U class with 16 students are as follows:
    43, 48, 56, 59, 62, 64, 67, 71, 72, 75, 75, 78, 81, 84, 88, 90
    a) Determine the median, range, first and third quartiles, and interquartile range. Make a box and
    whisker plot for the data.

    b) Identify any outliers, if they exist.

    Homework: pg. 275 #2, 3a, 4, 5, 6 (for part b only for Ontario), 7a (only for 2011), 8, 11

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